专升本语法专题7非谓语动词
专升本非谓语动词考点归纳
非谓语动词知识点汇总（专升本英语）一. 常接to do的搭配（1）动词+to do：decide/determine, learn, want, expect/ hope;refuse, manage, wish, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan;agree, ask/ beg, help等记忆口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
（2）动词+sb./sth. +to do：如：want, get, wish, expect, ask, tell, order, command, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, drive, forbid, encourage, call on, wait for, invite, teach, remind, request, prefer, train, warn等注：特殊动词常跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态后，不定式的to不能省略。
这类特殊动词有：记忆口诀：五看三使役：see/look/watch/notice/observe, make/let/have 二听一感半帮助：hear/listen to, feel, (to) help主动to字要离去，被动to字要回府。
（3）It形式主语① It + be + 形容词+ for/of ... + to do It be +difficult/easy/important/impossible/necessary（修饰事情）... for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的It be + careless/clever/foolish/silly/stupid/kind/brave（修饰人）... of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是……的It is important for me to learn a foreign language.It is kind of you to help me.② It + be +名词词组+ to do常用名词词组：a pity, a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour, a questionIt’s a pity to leave s o early.③ It + takes (sb.)+时间（金钱）+ to do It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot. 步行将花费一整天时间到达山顶。
专升本英语非谓语动词的重点
专升本英语非谓语动词的重点：1，consider it +adj + to do 考虑做。
如何2，find it +adj +to do 发现做。
如何3，make it +adj +to do 使得做。
如何4，regard it +adj +to do 对待。
如何5，think it +adj +to do 认为做。
如何6，feel it +adj +to do 感觉做。
如何7，I buy some books to read during my spare time 我买了一些书去读在我的空闲时间。
（to do ，将来）8，Have sb do 让某人做9，Make sb do 是某人做10，Hear sb do 听见某人做11，Listen to sb do sth 听某人做某事12，Look at sb do sth 看着某人做某事13，Notice sb do sth 注意某人做某事14，Observe sb do 观察某人做某事15，See sb do sth 看见某人做某事16，Watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事17，The car to be fixed is my friend’s 这个将要被修理的车是我的朋友的（to be done ，将来）18，It is no use/good, fun, a waste of time ,a good pleasure, help, useless)+doing 做。
是没有。
19，Forget to do 忘记去做，forget doing 忘记做过20，Mean to do 打算去做，mean doing 意味着做某事21，Remember to do 记得去做，remember doing 记得做过22，Try to do 努力去做，try doing 尝试做某事23，Go on to do 继续去做另一件事，go on doing 继续去做同一件事24，Regret to do 后悔去做，regret doing 后悔做过25，Stop to do 停下来去做，stop doing 停止做。
非谓语动词与独立主格结构.ppt
非谓语动词 & 独立主格结构
By Gordon
一、非谓语动词 1. 定义： 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形 式叫做非谓语动词，它不受人称和数的限制。
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二、形式：
省略to的情况：
1. 在使役动词和感官动词后：（一感二听三看四让） feel / hear, listen to / loot at, see, watch / let, make, have, get
2. had better (not) do sth. 最好（不）做。。。 3. why not / why don't you do sth. 为什么不做。。。？ 4. help sb. (to) do sth. 5. would rather do...宁愿做。。。 6. would you (please) do ... 情态动词 + do； 助动词 + do
独立主格特点： A: 用逗号 “,” 与主句分开，没有 “and”。 B: 介词with可省。 C: 在句中作状语，可改为相应的状语从句。
With one more chance given, I will make it. （独立主格）
If I am given one more chance, I will make it. （状语从句）
区别： Remember / forget / + doing(to do) Stop + doing (to do) Go on + doing (to do) Try + doing (to do)
Hale Waihona Puke 二、独立主格形式：
1. With + N + adj. 2. With + N + adv. 3. With + N + prep. 4. With + N + doing 重点 5. With + N + done 重点 6. With + N + to do 重点
专升本英语语法非谓语动词
独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主
语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，
副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
I heard someone playing the violin in the next room.
A）I heard my brother (singing , sung ) in the next
room B）I heard the song (singing , sung ) in English .
My grandfather was delighted to hear that I passed my exams.
I was disappointed to learn the news.
3.作宾语补足语
重要！
We find the journey to Africa exciting.
常在see, hear, watch, feel, notice,find， discover，consider等感觉动词后或have，get， catch，leave，keep，start，send，set等使 役动词后用现在/过去分词构成的复合宾语，表 示动作进行或被动；而动词原形则表示动作的全 过程。
非谓语动词
分词
不定式
动名词
谓语和非谓语动词的区别： 不定式
非谓语动词不能单独作谓语：
作状语
Miss Mary teaches us English.
英语语法之非谓语动词
语法专题(七)非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的句法功能二、非谓语动词的形式(以make为例)三、关于非谓语动词的几种被动形式的使用和区别四、不定式、V-ing形式和V-ed作不同句子成分的用法区别1.不定式、V-ing和V-ed作状语的区别(1)不定式结构常用作目的状语，表示结果常见于下列搭配：so¡as to¡；such¡as to¡；enough to¡；too¡to¡；never to...，only to(通常是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果)。
这样考过①(全国Ⅰ)The children all turned ________ the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A．looked at B．to look atC．to looking at D．look at解析：句意：当这位著名的女演员走进入教室时，所有的孩子都转过头去看她。
此处用to look at表目的。
答案：B②(福建三地五校)She returned home from the office，only ________ the door open and something missing.A．has found B．to be foundC．to find D．found解析：由句意：她从办公室回到家，结果发现门开着，也丢了东西。
知only to find作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果。
答案：C③(湖南十校联考)If the food tastes nice，we'll buy some；if ________，________.A．no; no B．not; notC．not; no D．no; not解析：第一空用not; if not表¡°如果不¡±，在此相当于if it doesn't taste nice；而第二空也用not，相当于we won't buy。
专升本语法专题7非谓语动词
功能
01
作表语
02
The music is pleasing to the ear.
03
He became discouraged.
04
He got promoted.
05
The news was disappointing.
06
考点透析
作宾补
She smelt sth burn.
He’s happy to see her old mother take good care of at home.
考点一
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
-ving 作真正的主语，it 为形式主语。
N→no good, no use, no point, no sense, no harm, a waste of time etc.
结构为：It is + n / adj + doing sth
Do you feel like going to the movie?
1
2
3
4
பைடு நூலகம்
5
考点三
My uncle took to smoking years ago.
04
I am looking forward to seeing you again.
03
to是不定式？还是介词？
01
be / get used / accustomed to doing、be opposed to、devote oneself to、get down to、look forward to、object to、stick to、take to等。
专升本英语-非谓语动词
二、动名词作宾语
② 有些动词既能以不定式作宾语，又能以动名词作宾语，但意
思不同。
If I had remembered to close the window, the thief would
not have got in. （记得要去做某事）
I remembered seeing her once somewhere.
二、不定式的进行式
to be+动词-ing，所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作是同时发生
的，而且正在进行着
• They seem to be getting along quite well.
• He is said to be studying in New York.
三、不定式的过去式
to have+过去分词，表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前
• He is said to have left Shanghai.
• She seems to have read the book before.
D 1. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music.
A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard B 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the
I want to know this matter. I don’t expect to meet you here.
1. They wanted 3. I agreed twenties.
非谓语动词—专升本考点整理
（三）. 不定式的省略现象
• 1)不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listen to, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足 语时, 不定式省略to 。 • 例 I watched him disappear in the distance. • 但这种句子如果变为被动结构，有to • They were made to work day and night. • Someone was heard to come up the stairs.
• 注意:1.如不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系, 而这个不定式又是不及物动词, 它后面应有 必要的介词. • There is nothing to worry about. • 2.不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的动作所发 生的地点或所使用的工具时, 它后面要带上 必要的介词. • I need a pen to write with. • He is looking for a room to live in
• 2)介词but ,except, besides 后接不定式作 宾语时，介词前有行为动词do ,不定式要 省去to。 • 例 We did nothing but/except wait then. • 反之, 则不能省略 • I’ve no choice but to stay here.
• 3)不定式在系动词 后作表语时, 当主语部 分有行为动词do, 作表语的不定式to可省 略。 例: What I want to do now is find some books to read.
He is brave enough to go out alone at night It is too heavy to carry.
专升本非谓语动词知识点归纳
专升本非谓语动词知识点归纳非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它包括动名词、不定式和分词。
在专升本英语考试中，掌握非谓语动词的用法对于提高语言运用能力至关重要。
以下是对非谓语动词知识点的归纳：动名词（Gerund）：- 动名词是动词的一种非限定形式，通常以-ing结尾，其功能相当于名词。
- 动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语等。
- 例句：Swimming is a good exercise.不定式（Infinitive）：- 不定式是动词的一种基本形式，通常以to+动词原形构成。
- 不定式可以表示目的、原因、结果等。
- 不定式还可以作为名词、形容词或副词使用。
- 例句：To learn English well is important.现在分词（Present Participle）：- 现在分词也是以-ing结尾，但用法与动名词不同。
- 现在分词可以构成进行时态，也可以作为形容词使用。
- 现在分词还可以构成现在分词短语，用来修饰名词或整个句子。
- 例句：Running in the morning is my habit.过去分词（Past Participle）：- 过去分词通常用来构成完成时态，也可以作为形容词使用。
- 过去分词可以单独使用，也可以与be动词一起构成被动语态。
- 例句：The broken window needs to be replaced.非谓语动词的用法比较：- 动名词和不定式都可以作主语，但动名词更强调动作本身，而不定式强调动作的目的或结果。
- 当动名词和不定式作宾语时，选择哪一个取决于动词的习惯用法。
- 分词作定语时，现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示被动或完成。
特殊结构：- 不定式可以用作某些形容词或副词的宾语，形成复合结构。
- 动名词和不定式都可以用于某些特定的句型中，如“would ratherdo than do”等。
练习与应用：- 通过大量的练习来熟悉非谓语动词在不同句子结构中的用法。
(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解
非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done二、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如：________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为，用动名词作主语，选 Bb. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s usel ess doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。
专升本教材教案—非谓语动词ppt
2 when he was five years old.
4 •
他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
（5）否定式：not + 动名词 • I regret not following his advice.
0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011
我后悔没听他的劝告。 （6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格
1 a moving film /a moved audience
2 a leading cadre /an unknown hero
4 a tiring journey /a tired football player
2.时间关系上不同
0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011
1 been tried.
• right：To save money, he has tried every
42 means.
②表原因： • They were very sad to hear the news. ③表结果：
0011 0010 1010 1101 0001 0100 1011
• He arrived late to find the train gone. • 常用only放在不定式前表示强调： • I visited him only to find him out. • A few years later he came home to find his
朗读是很有好处的。 • Collecting stamps is
interesting. 集邮很有趣。 • 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形
式主语
1 It‘s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用
英语专转本非谓语动词ppt课件
•She keeps buying expensive clothes.
agree to（同意） adapt to（适应） apply to（适用于） approve of（同意） be accustomed to（习惯于） be afraid of（害怕） be fond of（喜欢） be good at（擅长） be intent on（专心于） be interested in（感兴趣） be opposed to（反对的） be sick of（厌恶） be successful in（成功） be tired of（厌倦） be worried about（不开心）
动词不定式(to do)
1不定式做主语 2不定式做表语 3不定式做宾语 4不定式做宾语补足语 5不定式做定语 6不定式做状语 7不定式用法注意事项
To do that sort of thing is foolish.
Subject (主语） It is foolish to do that sort of thing.
式 ）
（定语）
She came here to study English.
Adverbial （状语）
He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet. They jumped with joy to hear the news.
Complement The patient was warned not to eat oily food
I awoke to find my truck gone.
我醒来发现箱子不见了。
非谓语动词与独立主格结构
二、独立主格
形式：
1. With + N + adj. 2. With + N + adv. 3. With + N + prep. 4. With + N + doing 重点 5. With + N + done 重点 6. With + N + to do 重点
特点： A: 用逗号 “,” 与主句分开，没有 “and”。 B: 介词with可省。 C: 在句中作状语，可改为相应的状语从句。
【专升本 英语 语法基础】
非谓语动词 & 独立主格结构
By Gordon ☺
一、非谓语动词 1. 定义： 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形 式叫做非谓语动词，它不受人称和数的限制。
返回
二、形式：
区别： Remember / forget / + doing(to do) Stop + doing (to do) Go on + doing (to do) Try + doing (to do)
e.g.: Given one more chance, I will make it. (With one more chance given, I will make it.)
(If I am given one more chance, I will make it.)
End of the Class To be Continue
非谓语动词的考点总结
语法专题非谓语动词to do(动词不定式)、doing(现在分词、动名词)、done{过去分词}统称为非谓语动词。
这三类动词的形式在句中不能单独作谓语，统称非谓语动词。
下面进行分类解析。
一to do(动词不定式)可以充当谓语以外的任何成分（英语中的句子成分有七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、补、表、同位语）。
不定式所作的成分如下：1.作主语To learn English is important.不定式短语作主语时, 往往放在谓语之后, 用it作形式主语, 例如:It is right to give up smoking. 戒烟是对的（常考/用句式：It is important/necessary/dangerous to do sth）2. 作宾语动词不定式做宾语时, 如果还带有宾语补足语, 往往把不定式放在宾语补足语之后, 而用it作形式宾语. 例如:I find it interesting to work with him. 我感觉和他一起工作很有趣.（常考/用句式：find/feel/think/believe/consider it important/necessary/dangerous to do sth）3. 作定语：动词不定式作定语时,和其所修饰的名词间有三种关系a.动宾关系如I have homework to do. to do是homework的定语，可以说do homework 因此不定式to do 中的do和被修饰词homework之间是动宾关系b.主谓关系如I have a daughter to look after me. 我有可以照料我的女儿。
to look after me作a daughter的定语，可以说a daughter look after me，因此不定式to look after me中的look after me和被修饰词a daughter 之间是主谓关系。
非谓语动词的 7 种形态的用法和含义
非谓语动词的 7 种形态的用法和含义非谓语动词是汉语语法中的一个重要概念，它包括了动词的不定式、动名词、分词等形式。
它们与谓语动词不同，不能单独构成句子的谓语，但在句子中扮演着重要的修饰、补充、状语等角色。
下面将分别介绍非谓语动词的七种形态及其用法和含义。
不定式不定式由“动词 + 不定式标记”构成，如“做、要做、想要做、准备做”等。
它可以作为动词短语的中心，修饰名词、形容词、副词等，表示目的、结果、原因等关系。
动名词动名词由动词的现在分词形式构成，如“做+ing”、“看+ing”等。
它可以作主语、宾语、表语等，表示持续进行的动作或状态，具有名词和动词的双重特性。
现在分词现在分词由动词的现在分词形式构成，如“在做、在看、在学习”等。
它可以作定语、状语、主补等，表示与主语同时或正在进行的动作。
过去分词过去分词由动词的过去分词形式构成，如“做过、看过、学习过”等。
它可以作定语、表语、状语等，表示动作已经完成或被动的状态。
完成式完成式由“完成+ 动词”构成，如“做完、看完、学习完”等。
它表示动作已经完成，强调动作的完整性和结果。
被动语态被动语态由“被 + 动词的过去分词”构成，如“被做、被看、被学习”等。
它用来表示动作的承受者或行为的客观性，强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
介词+动词动名词介词+动名词结构表示介词与动名词的搭配使用，如“在做、在看、在学习”等。
它用来表示动作进行的状态或方式。
非谓语动词在句子中的灵活运用能够丰富语言表达，增加句子的信息量和表现力。
通过不同形态的搭配和运用，使得句子更加生动、流畅、精确。
在实际应用中，掌握好非谓语动词的七种形态及其用法，有助于提高语言表达的准确性和表现力，使语言更加地道和自然。
不定式不定式常常用来表达目的、原因、结果、动作的顺序等。
例如，“为了完成作业，他加班到深夜。
”这里的“为了完成作业”就是一个目的状语，不定式“完成”表达了他的目的。
动名词动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语等，常用来描述持续性的动作或者抽象的动作概念。
2023年成人高考-专升本英语-非谓语动词
非谓语动词的用法一、知识点回顾非谓语动词包括不定式、分词(现在分词和过去分词)和动名词。
在句子中可担任除谓语外所有其他成分。
(一)动词不定式动词不定式的用法：1.作主语。
不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。
To help others is my duty.→It is my duty to help others.帮助别人是我的职责。
2.作表语。
Her job at that time was to look after the sick boy.她当时的任务就是看护这个生病的男孩。
3.作宾语。
常用在下列动词后面:want, need, hope, wish, expect, intend, plan, mean, prefer, hate, like, try, manage, remember, forget, begin, start, agree, refuse, learn。
在teach, know,show等词后则多接疑问词加不定式。
He has agreed to help me with my English.他答应帮我学习英语。
4.作宾语补足语或主语补足语。
常接不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语的动词有ask, advise, allow, beg, cause, force, get, help, permit, order, want, wish, tell等,但hope, suggest,agree和demand不接不定式作宾语补足语。
5.作定语。
I had no chance to go to school at that time.我当时没有机会上学。
6.作状语。
(1)作目的状语:to do, in order to do, so as to do(不能用于句首)。
They all rushed out to have a look at the film star.他们都跑出去看电影明星。
专升本英语必背的非谓语
专升本英语必背的非谓语在专升本英语考试中，非谓语动词是一个重要的考点，需要进行必背。
以下是一些常见的非谓语动词形式：1. 不定式（Infinitive）：主动形式，to + 动词原形（to do）。
被动形式，to + be + 过去分词（to be done）。
2. 动名词（Gerund）：动词原形 + -ing（doing）。
3. 现在分词（Present Participle）：主动形式，动词原形 + -ing（doing）。
被动形式，being + 过去分词（being done）。
4. 过去分词（Past Participle）：常规形式，动词过去分词形式（done）。
被动形式，having + 过去分词（having done）。
下面是一些常见的非谓语动词的用法和例句：1. 不定式：作主语，To learn a foreign language is important.作宾语，She wants to study abroad.作目的状语，He went to the library to borrow some books.作结果状语，She was too tired to continue working.2. 动名词：作主语，Swimming is good for health.作宾语，I enjoy reading books.作介词宾语，He is interested in playing basketball.作定语，I bought a writing pen.3. 现在分词：作定语，The running water is very clean.作状语，He left the room, laughing loudly.作补足语，I found him sitting alone in the park.4. 过去分词：作定语，The broken window needs to be repaired.作状语，Having finished his homework, he went to bed.作补足语，She felt excited, having won thecompetition.需要注意的是，非谓语动词的形式和用法在句子中的位置和语境可能会有所变化。
专转本非谓语动词ppt课件
再如P210.21 再如P222.22； P212.39
P187.34
Because of the thick smog, many people move to
Sanya in Hainan, believing it would be a
the child standing over there is my brother．
站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。
have you got your watch repaired?
你拿到那个修好的表了吗?
9
he is an advanced teacher．他是个先进教师。
最新版整理ppt
wonderful place to ____ in
time permitting (= if time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们 明天去郊游。
there being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。
Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. (原因)
Given a chance, I can surprise the world. (条件)
The cup dropped to the ground, breaking into 4 pieces. (结果)
不定式作状语
He sat down to have a rest. (表目的) They went there to visit their teacher. 他们去那里
(A)专升本英语-7
(A)专升本英语-7(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.She is the most ______ secretary I've ever had.A. efficientB. effectiveC. industrialD. practiced（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 形容词词义辨析题。
2.On her next anniversary she ______ married for 25 years.A. will beB. will have beenC. has beenD. is being（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] 本题考查的是谓语动词的时态。
状语是on next anniversary，应用将来时，而时间状语for 25 years要求用完成时，合起来用将来完成时。
3.When you take the medicine, be careful not to ______ that amount printed on the bottle.A. exceedB. surpassC. substituteD. overcome（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 动词词义辨析题。
4.They claimed that the news came from a ______ source.A. sureB. confidentC. believableD. reliable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] 近义形容词词义辨析题。
5.______ you didn't know the rules won't be a sufficient excuse for your failure to report.A. WhatB. HowC. BecauseD. That（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] 连词词义辨析题。
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考点二
（二）作but / except的宾语，注意要不要to。 There is no choice but to wait and see. He did nothing but play PC games every day.
考点三
（三）英语中，有的动词或词组后面必须+doing形式， 不能接to do。
考点透析
六、-ving (adj) / -ved 1、区别：现在分词表主动；过去分词表被动。现在分
词表进行；过去分词表完成。 a touching / moving story a touched / moved audience the rising sun / a charming girl the risen sun / a charmed girl the changing world / developing countries the changed world / developed countries
考点一
1. It is / was + adj + of / for sb + to do It was thoughtful ______ her to come to see me when I
was ill. It was nasty ______ Jim to behave like that. It is important ______ us to understand the point. It is foolish ______ her to buy the picture.
Peter failed to pass the final exam.
考点一
（一）用it作形式宾语，真正宾语to do 常用该结构的动词有：find、feel、believe、make、
consider等。 I found it interesting to play snooker. Do you consider it better not to go?
考点一
如果to do和它前面的修饰词是动宾关系，不定式是vi， 或是工作对象、工具等，这时不定式后需要相应的介 词。
He is looking for a room to live __. Please give me a knife to cut __. She bought a bookshelf to put her books __. He has a kid to take care __. She can find no one to make friends __. He lent me a book to kill time __.
高频考点
使役动词 + sb + do sth 感官动词 + sb + do/doing We must have someone repair the computer. She smell sth burning and saw smoke rising. If she catches me reading her diary, she’ll be furious. I saw him swim in the river yesterday. I saw him swimming in the river yesterday.
devote oneself to、get down to、look forward to、 object to、stick to、take to等。 I am looking forward to seeing you again.
My uncle took to smoking years ago.
考点透析
四、作定语 to do作定语需要后置。 sth to eat water to drink There is no need to wake him up. Did you have a proper reason to say so? She was the only person to get a scholarship.
考点透析
二、作宾语 常用to do作宾语的词有afford、attempt、continue、
dare、decide、decline、endeavor、hesitate、hope、 intend、prepare、pretend、tend、venture、want、 volunteer等。
I can’t afford to live in a detached house.
考点三
（三）to do与–ving (n)作主语和表语时的区别 Sending an e-mail is quite common today. To send an e-mail is my task this afternoon. My job is teaching English. My today’s job is to teach you how to learn English well.
now she is working a new machine. 非谓语动词→在句子里不能作谓语的动词。
二、非谓语动词是什么样子呢？
它以三种形式出现： 1. to do 2. -ving 3. –ved
三、非谓语动词是动词吗？能充 当其他成分吗？
是动词→所以有时态、语态的区别 1) He tried to work out the problem. 2) I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 3) The tower being repaired was put up in the Tang
考点透析
一、作主语或表语 To hesitate means failure. To think of you makes me old. To know oneself is difficult. To err is human. To talk to her is to talk to a wall. To love is to be loved. To see her is to love her. To live is to do something worthwhile. Peter was to perish in a car crash and to leave a wife and 6
专升本语法专题七
非谓语动词
一、谓语动词与非谓语动词
谓语动词→在句子中作谓语的动词。 1) Young people often hike and they enjoy hiking very
much. 2) Rose, who is an attractive girl, works in a factory and
考点二
（二）-ving 作真正的主语，it 为形式主语。 结构为：It is + n / adj + doing sth N→no good, no use, no point, no sense, no harm, a
waste of time etc. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is no good objecting. It is good playing Chinese chess after supper.
如：avoid、admit、advocate、enjoy、feel like、 escape、risk、have difficulty / trouble / problem (in) doing、can’t help doing sth等。
The girl avoid giving her any personal info.
考点透析
三、作宾补 结构为：v + sb + to do。常见的动词有：advise、ask、
compel、direct、enable、expect、force、 tell、want、 urge、persuade等。 Tell the kids not to play on the street. He likes his wife to dress well.
考点一
2. It is + n + to do N→a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, an honor, a shame, a
crime, etc. It is a pity to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
考点透析
2、功能 1）作表语 The music is pleasing to the ear. He became discouraged. He got promoted. The news was disappointing.
考点透析
2）作宾补 She smelt sth burn. He’s happy to see her old mother take good care of at
children.
考点一
（一）真正主语to do被置于句末，用it放在句首充当 形式主语。
To spend your vacation at the seaside is quite pleasure. It requires patience to be a good nurse. It takes Susan 2 hours to dress herself up each day.
home. I want this watch repair at once.
考点透析
3）作定语 a）单个分词作定语前置。 Boiling water, a grown-up daughter, an escaped prisoner b）分词短语作定语要后置 I saw a group of students return from the school. Most of the young teachers work in this university are Ph.D. Do you know the girl employ by this company? Suddenly John saw a little girl run up to him. The book, complete in May, sells well.