南京师范大学外国语学院考博真题

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南京师范大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析

南京师范大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析Directions:In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions1-5,choose the most suitable one from the list A―G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.Here I want to try to give you an answer to the question:What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher?Probably no two people would draw up exactly the same lists.But I think the following would be generally accepted.First,1)But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, melancholy,frigid,sarcastic,cynical,frustrated,and overbearing: I would say too,that it excludes all of dull or purely negative personality.Secondly,2）Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant-not,indeed,of what is wrong,but of the frailty and immaturity of human nature which induce people,and again especially children,to make mistakes.Thirdly,3）This does not mean being a saint.It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths,and limitations,and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided.There is no contradiction in my going on to saythat a teacher should be a bit of an actor.That is part of the technique of teaching,which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act to enliven a lesson,correct a fault, or award praise.Children,especially young children,live in a world that is rather larger than life.On the other hand,4）He must be pretty resilient,teaching makes great demands on nervous energy.And he should be able to take in his stride the innumerable petty irritations any adult dealing with children has to endure.Finally,5）There are three principle objects of study:the subject,or subjects,which the teacher is teaching;the methods by which they can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes he is teaching;and-by far the most important-the children,young people,or adults to whom they are to be taught.The cardinal principle of British education is education of the whole person,and that it is best acquired through full and active cooperation between two persons,the teacher and the learner.[A]it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy-in the literal meaning of that word;a capacity to tune in to the minds and feelings of other people.[B]a teacher must be capable of infinite patronee.This,I may say,is largely a matter of self-discipline and self-training, because none of us were born like that.[C]the teacher's personality should be pleasantly live andattractive.This does not rule out people who are physically plain, or even ugly,because many such have great personal charm.[D]A teacher must remain mentally alert,He must be quick to adapt himself to any situation,however improbable(they happen!)and able to improvise,if necessary at less than a moment’s notice[E]A teacher should be humorous sometimes like a best friend sitting down across from you in your living room having a chat about what's going on in your life.[F]I think a teacher should have the kind of mind,which always wants to go on learning.Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect;there is always something more to learn about it.[G]I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest.答案及解析1）C。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：2

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题When he finally emerged from the cave after thirty days, John was （） pale.问题1选项A.enormouslyB.startlinglyC.uniquelyD.dramatically【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。

enormously非常地，极其，在极大程度上地；startlingly惊人地，使人惊奇地；uniquely独特地，珍奇地；dramatically显著地，剧烈的。

前半句提到“他30天后才从洞穴里爬出来”可知出来的时候，他脸色看上去白得让人吃惊。

故B项最符合题意。

2.单选题The president’s compassion for the neighboring refugees caused him to admit a very large number of them into his country.问题1选项A.friendshipB.pityC.respectD.hostility【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

由后半句的结果“许多邻国难民都来到这个国家”可推知前面的原因应该是总统对邻国难民的同情。

compassion 同情，怜悯；friendship友谊；pity怜悯，同情；respect尊重；hostility 敌意。

故B项正确。

3.单选题He always has a lot of（） ideas in his mind, and sometimes we do not even know what he is thinking about.问题1选项A.novelB.minuteC.explicitD.solemn【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

novel“新奇的，异常的”；minute“微小的，详细的”；explicit“明确的，清楚的”；solemn“庄严的，严肃的”。

南京师范大学考博英语真题语法专项突破训练及解析

南京师范大学考博英语真题语法专项突破训练及解析南京师范大学考博英语真题语法专项突破训练及解析1.Taking more vitamin than the body needs does not make it function better,_________over-fulfilling the oil lamp makes it lighten better.A.no more thanB.any more thanC.not more thanD.much more than2.Do you have any idea what Jim does all Sunday?Hespends_________as much time idling about as he does.Xu yao quan guo ge da yuan xiao kao bo ying yu zhen ti shi juan qing jia qq：qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi,huo er ba jiu ling ling liu si san wu yi.ye ke yi bo da quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba xiang shou kao bo fu dao ti yan.A.his studyB.studyingC.to studyD.on his study3.The student I am teaching this year is much more intelligent than_________I taught last year.A.thatB.oneC.the oneD.those4.Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks, _________the experienced writer in the handling of his words.A.and so isB.as isC.the same isD.so is5.The new hotel has erected a beautiful building with recreation area and conference facilities on the top floor_________the finest view of the city can be obtained.A.in whichB.over whichC.whereD.there试题答案及解析：6..Bnot…any more than…“与……同样不……”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：4

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Planes keep in touch with the control tower（）.问题1选项A.on the radioB.by radioC.over the radioD.by the radio【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。

on the radio“在广播中”；by radio“用无线电”。

句意：飞机用无线电与控制塔保持联系。

只有B项符合句意。

2.写作题Directions: For this section, you are asked Io write a composition on the following topic. You are required to write no less than 150 words. Remember to write clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access to so much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with?What is your opinion? Give your comments and write them down on the ANSWER SHEET. You should supply on appropriate title for your essay.【答案】略3.单选题Joseph Weizenbaum, professor of computer science at MIT, thinks that the sense of power over the machine ultimately corrupts the computer hacker and makes him into a not very desirable sort of programmer. 34. The hackers are so involved with designing their program, making it more and more complex and bending it to their will, that they don’t bother trying to make it understandable to other users. They rarely keep records of their programs for the benefit of others, and they rarely take time to understand why a problem occurred.Computer science teachers say they can usually pick out the prospective hackers in their courses because these students make their homework assignments more complex than they need to be. Rather than using the simplest and most direct method, they take joy in adding extra steps just to prove their ingenuity.But perhaps those hackers know something that we don't know about the shape of things to come. "That hacker who had to be literally dragged off his chair at MIT is now a multimillionaire of the computer industry," says MIT professor Michael Dertouzos. “And two former hackers became the founders of the highly successful Apple home compute r company.”When seen in this light, the hacker phenomenon may not be so strange after all. If, as many psychiatrists say, play is really the basis for all human activity, then the hacker games are really the preparation for future developments. Sherry Turkle, a professor of sociology at MIT, has for years been studying the way computers fit into people’s lives. She points out that the computer, because it seems to us to be so “intelligent”，so “capable”，so “human”，affects the way we think about ourselves and our ideas about what we are. She says that computers and computer toys already play an important role in children’s efforts to develop an identity by allowing them to test ideas about what is alive and what is not. “The youngsters can form as many subtle nuances （细微差距）and textured relationships with the computers as they can with people.” Turkle points out.1. The passage tells about（）.2. According to Prof. Weizenbaum, what led to the hackers’ strange behavior is（）.3. In Prof. Dertouzos’ opinion, we k now that（）.4. The phrase “to develop an identity” （Para.4） means （）.5. The passage tries to convey to its readers the idea that（）.问题1选项A.the strange behavior of the computer hackersB.the ultimate importance of bringing lip computer hackersC.different opinions concerning the hacker phenomenonD.the emergence of computer hackers问题2选项A.their strong desire to control the computerB.their ignorance of the responsibility of a programmerC.their incompetence in making new computer programsD.their deliberate attempts to make their programs complex and impracticable问题3选项puter industry will certainly make multimillionaires of the hackersB.the hackers are likely to be very successful businessmenC.the hackers probably have better insight into the future than other peopleD.only a few hackers will be successful in their later life问题4选项A.to become distinguishedB.to seek an answerC.to build up a creative abilityD.to form a habit问题5选项A.perhaps the hacker phenomenon is not bad at allB.though the hackers are in fact playing with the computer, there may be some benefitsC.the computer hackers are the hope of the computer industry of tomorrowD.the computer hackers could be useful if under proper guidance【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第63期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题John asked Mary（） for her electronic dictionary.问题1选项A.did she pay how muchB.she paid how muchC.how much did she payD.how much she paid【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。

空格处所在句子为宾语从句，从句的语序应为：疑问词+主语+谓语。

故D 项正确。

句意：John问Mary买的电子词典多少钱。

2.单选题I got a little（） when I learned that the appointment with the general manger was changed to another time.问题1选项A.concernedB.distractedC.upsetD.vicious 【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。

concerned“有关的，关心的”；distracted“注意力分散的，分心的”；upset“心烦的，混乱的”；vicious“恶毒的，恶意的”。

句意：当我得知和总经理预约改期后，我有点（）。

由句意内容推测预约改期后应该是心烦的，故C项正确。

3.单选题Even though the Red Cross had（） large sum for the relief of the sufferers of the disaster, many people perished.问题1选项A.alienatedB.alternatedC.allocatedD.ascertained【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

alienate使疏远，离间；alternate交替，轮流；allocate分配；ascertain确定，查明。

能与large sum搭配的只有分配。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：77

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The president’s compassion for the neighboring refugees caused him to admit a very large number of them into his country.问题1选项A.friendshipB.pityC.respectD.hostility【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

由后半句的结果“许多邻国难民都来到这个国家”可推知前面的原因应该是总统对邻国难民的同情。

compassion 同情，怜悯；friendship友谊；pity怜悯，同情；respect尊重；hostility 敌意。

故B项正确。

2.单选题When he saw what had happened to the black girl, his face（）extreme disapproval and dissatisfaction.问题1选项A.registeredB.suggestedC.reflectD.enhance【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

句意：当他看到那个黑人女孩的遭遇吋，他脸上流露出极其反对和不满的表情。

由face以及extreme disapproval and dissatisfaction“极其反对和不满的情绪”可知，他应该是流露出这种情感。

故A项正确。

3.单选题I have asked a lot of people, but（） of them knew（） about such a thing.问题1选项A.not ...everythingB.neither...somethingC.none...anythingD.a few...nothing【答案】C【解析】考查语法。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：63

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Lateral thinking （迂回思维），first described by Edward de Bone in 1967, is just a few years older than Edward’s son. You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker, but the de Bone was so famous, Caspar’s parent’s worried that any time he would say something bright at school, his teacher might snap, “Where do you get that idea from?”“We had to be careful and not overdo it.”Edward admits. Now Caspar is at Oxford — which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic （诵读困难）. In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his school teachers though he had a chance.“So then we did several thinking sessions,”his father says, “using my techniques and，when he went up for the exam, he did exactly well.” Soon after, Edward de Bone deci ded to write his latest book, “Teach Your Child How to Think,”in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share. Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and knows that children aren't very logical. So isn’t it an uphill battle, trying to teach them to think?“You know,”Edward de Bone says, “if you examine people’s thinking, it is quite unusual to find it of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limit view.”31. “Teach Your Child How to Think” offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly see the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternative.1. What is “TRUE about Caspar?2. Caspar succeeded in applying to Oxford because（）.3. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Edward（）.4. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements express Edward de Bone’s view?5. Lateral thinking refers to the following EXCEPT（）.问题1选项A.He first described lateral thinking.B.He is often scolded by his teacher.C.He is Edward’s son.D.He is an adventurous thinker. 问题2选项A.he used in the exam the techniques provided by his fatherB.he read the book “teach Your Child How to Think” before the examC.he was careful and often overworkedD.all of his school teachers thought he had a chance问题3选项A.was prompted to study lateral thinking because his son was slightly dyslexicB.once taught businessmen how to think before he wrote for parents and childrenC.was likely to improve children’s logic with his bookD.gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was born问题4选项A.We often think ineffectively because we take too limited a view.B.Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence.C.Everybody knows that children aren’t very logical.D.It is an uphill battle trying to teach children to think.问题5选项A.seeing the implications of what you are sayingB.exploring the alternatives for what you are sayingC.improving one’s logic in thinkingD.improving one’s perception in thinking【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.推理判断题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第70期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He would, when in office, （）that all secret data be made public.问题1选项A.secureB.ensureC.assureD.certify【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

secure“保护;弄到”；ensure“确保; 保证”；assure“使（某人）确信（某事）；使信服，使相信”；certify“证明”。

只有B项符合题意。

句意：当他执政时，他会确保所有机密数据都要公布于众。

2.单选题This is a very big hotel and it can（） more than 1,000 people.问题1选项A.furnishB.accommodateC.transportD.institute 【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

furnish“提供，供应”；accommodate“容纳，使适应”；transport“运输”；institute“实行，建立”。

句意：这是一个很大的酒店，能够容纳1000多人。

只有B项符合句意。

novel“新奇的，异常的”；minute“微小的，详细的”；explicit“明确的，清楚的”；solemn“庄严的，严肃的”。

句意：他总是有许多（）的想法，有时候我们甚至不知道他在想什么。

由后半句“我们有时候不知道他在想什么”可推知他的想法是很新奇的，故A项符合题意。

4.单选题The president’s compassion for the neighboring refugees cau sed him to admit a very large number of them into his country.问题1选项A.friendshipB.pityC.respectD.hostility【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：31

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题They may often have to （） social evenings and holidays because of their busy work.问题1选项A.forgoB.forfeitC.abandonD.forgive【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

forgo“放弃；停止；断念”；forfeit“（因犯罪、失职、违约等）丧失（权利、名誉、生命等）”；abandon“遗弃；放弃”；forgive“原谅”。

句意：由于忙碌的工作他们不得不放弃社交晚宴和假期。

由because of their busy work可知他们放弃了社交晚宴和假期，故A项正确。

2.单选题She made two copies of this poem and posted them（） to different publishers.问题1选项A.sensationallyB.simultaneouslyC.strenuouslyD.simply 【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。

sensational 轰动的、耸人听闻的；simultaneously 同时地；strenuous 紧张的，费力的；simply 简单地。

由前半句“她将这首诗复印了两份”以及后半句的“不同的出版商”可推知她同时将两份复印件寄给了不同的出版商。

故B项正确。

3.单选题The boss named the company（） himself.问题1选项A.asB.afterC.toD.for【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。

name after以…命名。

句意：老板以他自己的名字给公司命名。

4.填空题She is a pretty girl and loves（）（fashion） clothes and shoes.【答案】fashionable【解析】放在名词前，故用形容词形式。

南京师范大学考博英语真题核心词汇辨析

南京师范大学考博英语真题核心词汇辨析1、apparent,evident,manifest,obvious,distinct这一组形容词都有"明显的"之意。

apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤指容易观察或认识到的事物。

He is very unhappy,and it is apparent that he wants to leave now.他很不高兴，显然他现在想走了。

evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。

It is evident that he is guilty;his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.显然他是有罪的，在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。

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manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。

Her ability is manifest,but she is not attractive.她才能出众，但长相并不动人。

obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。

It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很显然，那个妇女酒喝的太多了。

distinct a.清楚的，明显的;不同的，独特的。

修饰性质明显不同的东西。

Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治疗已使他的健康有了明显的好转。

2、applaud,clap,commend,praiseapplaud v.鼓掌，赞扬，指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许，大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：26

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He is the only person who can（） in this case, because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously.问题1选项A.testifyB.chargeC.accuseD.rectify【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

testify“作证;证明”; charge“充电；控告”；accuse“控告; 指控”；rectify“改正”。

句意：我是唯一能在该案件中作证的人，因为其他证人都被神秘杀害了。

由后半句内容以及witnesses“证人”知A项“作证”正确。

2.单选题I haven’t got the（） idea of what you mean. Would you please make it clear to me?问题1选项A.lightestB.furthestC.smallestD.faintest【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

lightest最轻的，最亮的；furthest最远的，最大程度的；smallest最小的；faintest一点也不的，极小的。

由下文“你能说清楚一些吗？”可推知前面“我没有弄懂你说的意思”，故D项正确。

3.单选题The chairman said it gave him great（） to welcome so many guests.问题1选项A.humorB.contentC.funD.pleasure【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

humor“幽默”；content“内容，目录”；fun“乐趣”；pleasure“快乐，令人高兴的事”。

句意：主席说欢迎这么多宾客是一件让他很高兴的事情。

D项符合句意。

4.填空题She sent him a （wool）（） sweater as his birthday gift.【答案】woolen【解析】放在名词前，应该用形容词。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：91

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of disease and prolonging human life. But those communities and policy makers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life.For the last few years, the genetic advances in the developing field of biotechnology have provides material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the popular imagination.While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code”of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with terrible diseases as yet and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.1. Why did the scientists work hard at mapping the human genome?2. Which country studied the genes most rapidly in the world?3. Which of the following is NOT true?4. The author suggests that the Human Genome Project can cause（）.5. The main idea of this article is about（）.问题1选项A.Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.B.Because the human genome’s completion can help them get rid of many diseases.C.Because they wanted to be better known than others.D.Because the human genome can provide a lot of chances of work. 问题2选项A.Japan.B.Germany.C.The United States.D.China.问题3选项A.If the genes can be found, scientists can study many new ways to cure illnesses.B.The scientists have made great progress in connecting the genes with the cancers.C.Many medical companies show great interest in drawing the human genome map.D.The United States began the Genes Study early in the 19th century.问题4选项A.the policy makers to feel very worried and carefulB.the scientists to work harderC.many people to find work easilyD.a lot of companies to produce many new drugs问题5选项A.unlocking genetic codeB.the genes’ discoveryC.the great human genomeD.the genes and the scientists【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：50

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题Every student is required to give a（）（present） on the seminar.【答案】presentation【解析】句意：每个学生被要求在研讨会上做一次陈述。

故应将present变为presentation。

2.单选题The former president is to verify at a human rights court heating cases of atrocities.问题1选项A.testifyB.provideC.conformD.supply【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

testify证明，证实；provide提供；conform使遵守，使一致；supply提供。

句意：这位前总统将在人权法庭对暴行案件进行核实。

故A项正确。

3.单选题Much of the news provided by this newspaper is ( ) not foreign. 问题1选项A.domesticB.devilishC.unusualD.civilian【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

domestic“国内的”；devilish“邪恶的，精力旺盛的”；unusual“不寻常的”；civilian“民用的”。

句意：这家报纸提供的新闻都是（）的而不是外国的。

由not foreign可推知这家报纸提供的消息大部分是国内的，故A项符合题意。

4.单选题To write a summary effectively, you will need to —（）words for phrases, phrases for sentences, and general entrances for lists of details.问题1选项A.convertplementC.substituteD.constitute【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

南京师范大学外国语学院考博真题

南京师范大学外国语学院考博真题南京师范大学考博英语（或者二外英语）2002---2013南京师范大学考博日语（或者二外日语）2001，2003---2013南京师范大学考博法语（或者二外法语）2006---2012南京师范大学考博俄语（或者二外俄语）2003，2004，2006---2013南京师范大学考博德语（或者二外德语）2009---2011050201英语语言文学（2004，2005，2008---2013）具体清单：科目一：翻译与英文写作2004，2005，2008---2013翻译与外文写作（英语）2007---2011科目二（01方向）：英美文学2004，2005，2008---2013科目二（02方向）：理论语言学2005，2008---2012科目二（03方向）：神经认知语言学2008---2012050211外国语言学及应用语言学（2007---2013）具体清单：科目一：翻译与英文写作2004，2005，2008---2013翻译与外文写作（英语）2007---2011翻译与俄文写作（俄语）2007，2009---2011科目二（01方向）：应用语言学2008---2012科目二（02方向）：认知语言学2012，2013科目二（03方向）：诗学与文化符号学2007---2011050203法语语言文学具体清单：科目一：翻译与法文写作（法语）2010，2011科目二（01方向）：法国文学翻译研究科目二（02方向）：中法比较文学研究007外国语学院其它试卷：西方语言学理论2009---2011翻译与外文写作（意大利语）2010翻译与外文写作（日语）2007，2008英美文学作品阅读与评论2005西方文论2005普通语言学2005英语语言史2005翻译理论2004，2005，2007，2008------------------------------------------------------。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第68期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） I realized that I had left my briefcase in the taxi!问题1选项A.At all timeB.Time after timeC.All of a suddenD.Once for all【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。

at all time“总是，随时，常常”；time after time“不断地，反复”；all of a sudden“突然地，出乎意料地”；once for all“彻底地，一劳永逸地”。

句意：突然我意识到我把公文包落在出租车上了。

C项符合句意。

2.单选题He always has a lot of（） ideas in his mind, and sometimes we do not even know what he is thinking about.问题1选项A.novelB.minuteC.explicitD.solemn【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

novel“新奇的，异常的”；minute“微小的，详细的”；explicit“明确的，清楚的”；solemn“庄严的，严肃的”。

句意：他总是有许多（）的想法，有时候我们甚至不知道他在想什么。

由后半句“我们有时候不知道他在想什么”可推知他的想法是很新奇的，故A项符合题意。

3.单选题The old professor has had the flu for a long time but he has finally （） and is back in the office.问题1选项A.got overB.got over itC.got throughD.got up it【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。

get over“克服;恢复”，后面接宾语；get through“通过；到达”；get up “起床”由后半句“is back in the office回到办公室”可知，教授的病好了，恢复了健康，故B项正确。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第57期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题People who lack（） core values rely on such external factors as their looks or status in order to feel good about themselves.问题1选项A.genuineB.horizontalC.navalD.pessimistic【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

genuine“真实的，真正的”；horizontal“水平的，地平线的”；naval“海军的，军舰的”；pessimistic“悲观的”。

句意：缺乏（）核心价值观的人依赖一些外部因素，比如相貌或地位来使自己感觉良好。

能修饰core values的只有A项。

2.单选题I didn’t make out what the professor means because his handwriting is so（）.问题1选项A.eligibleB.illegibleC.KnowledgeableD.vague【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

eligible合格的，合适的；illegible难辨认的，字迹模糊的；knowledgeable 知识渊博的；vague模糊的，含糊的。

由空格前的handwriting可知能修饰字迹的只有B项，故B项正确。

3.翻译题舞狮是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。

狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物(mascot)。

古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。

据记载，狮舞已拥有了2, 000多年的历史。

在唐代，狮舞就己经被引入了皇室，因此，舞狮成为元宵节和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。

【答案】Lion dance is one of the most popular folk dances in China. The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. The ancient saw the lion as the embodiment of courage and strength, which could drive away evil and protect human beings. It is recorded that the lion dance has a history of more than 2, 000 years. In the tang dynasty, the lion dance was introduced into the royal family. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.4.单选题He put a special（）for an extra day’s holidays so that he could attend his daughter’s wedding.问题1选项A.requestB.inquiryC.enquiryD.proposal【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷14

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题I didn’t make out what the professor means because his handwriting is so（）.问题1选项A.eligibleB.illegibleC.KnowledgeableD.vague【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

eligible合格的，合适的；illegible难辨认的，字迹模糊的；knowledgeable 知识渊博的；vague模糊的，含糊的。

由空格前的handwriting可知能修饰字迹的只有B项，故B项正确。

2.单选题I came away from my years of teaching on the college and university level with a conviction enactment, performance, dramatization are the most successful forms of teaching. Students must be incorporated, made, so far as possible, an integral part of the learning process. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. Of Ezekiel Cheever, the most famous schoolmaster of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, his onetime student Cotton Mather wrote planned his lessons that his pupils “came to work as though they ca me to play, “and Alfred North Whitehead, almost three hundred years later, noted that a teacher should make his/her students “glad they were there.”Since, we are told, 80 to 90 percent of all instruction in the typical university is by the lecture method, we should give close attention to this form of education. There is, I think, much truth in Patricia Nelson Limerick's observation that “lecturing is an unnatural act, an act for which God did not design humans. It is perfectly all right, now and then, for a human to be possessed by the urge to speak while others remain silent. But to do this regularly, one hour and 15 minutes at a time for one person to drag on while others sit in silence? I do not believe that this is what the creator designed humans to d o’’.The strange, almost incomprehensible fact is that many professors, just as they feel obliged to write dully, believe that they should lecture dully. To show enthusiasm is to risk appearing unscientific, unobjective; it is to appeal to the students’ em otions rather than their intellect. Thus the ideal lecture is one filled with facts and read in an unchanged monotone.The cult of lecturing dully, like the cult of writing dully, goes back, of course, some years. Edward Shils, professor of sociology, recalls the professors he encountered at the University of Pennsylvania in his youth. They seemed “a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing; they never referred to anything personal. Some read from old lecture notes and then haltingly explained the thumb-worn last lines. Others lectured from cards that had served for years, to judge by the worn edges. The teachers began on time, ended on time, and left the room without saying a word more to their students, very seldom being detained by questioners. The classes were not large, yet there was no discussion. No questions were raised in class, and there were no office hours.”1. The author believes that a successful teacher should be able to（）.2. The majority of university professors prefer the traditional way of lecturing in the belief that（）.3. What the author recommends in this passage is that（）4. By saying “They seemed ‘a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their bearing...” (Lines 3-4, Para.4), the author means that（）.5. Whose teaching method is particularly commended by the author?问题1选项A.make inspired play an integral part of the learning processB.make dramatization an important aspect of students’ learningC.improve students' learning performanceD.make study just as easy as play问题2选项A.it draws the close attention of the studentsB.it conforms in a way to the design of the CreatorC.it presents course content in a scientific and objective mannerD.it helps students to comprehend abstract theories more easily问题3选项A.college education should be improved through radical measuresB.more freedom of choice should be given to students in their studiesC.traditional college lectures should be replaced by dramatized performancesD.interaction should be encouraged in the process of teaching问题4选项A.professors are a group of professionals that differ in their academic ability but behave in the same wayB.professors are like priests wearing the same kind of black gown but having different roles to play.C.there is no fundamental difference between professors and priests though they differ in their meritsD.professors at the University of Pennsylvania used to wear black suits which made them look like priests问题5选项A.Alfred North Whitehead's.B.Ezekiel Cheever’s.C.Cotton Mather’s.D.Patricia Nelson Limerick’s.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。

南京师范大学考博英语真题常考疑难句及解析

南京师范大学考博英语真题常考疑难句及解析1.Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement：before maturity one eye migrates，so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head.(3+)在一条成年比目鱼身上显著存在的诸多不对称(asymmetry)特征中，最为吸人注目的是眼睛的摆位：在成年之前，一只眼睛发生移动，因此在成年比目鱼身上，两只眼睛均位于头部的同一侧面。

难句类型：倒装、省略解释：本句的倒装本质上与我们早就的一种倒装结构是一样的，即形容词放在句首时，主语和谓语倒装。

本句的主干的正常语序应该是：Eye placement is most striking;倒装后成了Most striking is eye placement。

但是这种倒装在GRE考试中出现，又有了新的特色，被提到句首的Most striking被长长的状语among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish与后面的主语和表语分开，造成阅读困难。

意群训练：Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement：before maturity one eye migrates，so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head.2.Its subject(to use Maynard Mack’s categories)is"life-as-spectacle，"for readers，diverted by its various incidents，observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without;the tragic Iliad，however，presents"life-as-experience"：readers are asked to identifywith the mind of Achilles，whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero.(5)其主题〔若借鉴梅纳德。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第82期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题This is a very big hotel and it can（） more than 1,000 people.问题1选项A.furnishB.accommodateC.transportD.institute【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

furnish“提供，供应”；accommodate“容纳，使适应”；transport“运输”；institute“实行，建立”。

句意：这是一个很大的酒店，能够容纳1000多人。

只有B项符合句意。

2.填空题She is a pretty girl and loves（）（fashion） clothes and shoes.【答案】fashionable【解析】放在名词前，故用形容词形式。

3.翻译题大多数中国人十分看重自己的工作，觉得工作会使自己成为团体的一部分。

他们相信，工作可以让他们产生归属感。

换言之，要得到社会的承认，就必须工作。

许多中国经理和员工努力工作，力求保住在公司的职位，原因就是这个。

【答案】Most Chinese value their jobs very much, and feel that it makes them part of a community and they believe that work gives them a sense of belonging. In other words, in order to be recognized by society, they have to work. That is why many Chinese managers and employees have to work hard and strive to keep their positions in the company.4.翻译题我为什么写作？我为了我们的国家、社会、生活更加美好而写作。

2007年南京师范大学博士招生入学考试英语试卷

2007年南京师范大学博士招生入学考试英语试卷英语试题库2007年南京师范大学博士招生入学考试试卷Part I Reading ComprehensionSection A (50%)Directions: There are five passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked a),b),c) and d).You should decide on the best choice and circle the letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.growing industries over 31. Money-laundering (洗钱) has been one of the world’s fa stest-decade despite increasing efforts by the world’s financial authorities to stamp it out.Following is a simple guide to the world of money-laundering.Money-laundering is the process by which money obtained by illegal means is given the appearance of legitimate income and returned into circulation. The word and practice are widely believed to have been invented by the US Mafia (黑手党). As a means of mixing the dirty cash obtained from prostitution, gambling, gun-running, blackmail and its other wicked activities, so that it came out more or less clean, the Mafia bought up and operated large numbers ofLaundromats (自助洗衣点). As good cash businesses they were a good means ofproviding the appearance of honest cash flow.Various techniques can be employed and the means of money-laundering, but they essentially boil down to three stages. Step one: moving the money from the scene of the crime A to a remote location B, ideally in another country, preferably a bank account, if possible one that is anonymous. Step two: disguising the trail leading from A to B. Step three: making the cash available to the criminals, along with aplausible explanation of how ti came legally into their possession.Apart from harming the economies that it feeds off, the money-laundering industry is essential to organized crime. As the head of the UN’s crime-fighting wing Pino Arlacchiremarked, organized crime “brutalizes society and diminishesrespect for the value like honesty and cooperation upon which successful societies are based”. Or as a senior USofficial said in 1999, “money-laundering may look like a politeform of white-collar crime, but it is the companion of brutality, deceit and corruption.”The liberalization of markets around the world and deregulation(解除管制) of exchangecontrols are regarded ad the chief causes of the rapid expansion of money-laundering over the past decade. Together they have opened up many more channels for laundering dirty money and provided more opportunitiesto hide its origins. UN officials believe the most important single measure in eliminating money-laundering is the ending of bank secrecy. 1. We know from the passage that money-laundering .a) has almost been stamped out by the world’s financial authorities.b) has greatly promoted the development of the world’s industries.c) only has a ten-year history but has grown rapidly.d) has expanded rapidly over the past decade.2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase“stamp it out” (para.1) in thefirst paragraph?a) To put an end to it completely.b) To mark a sign by pressing on it.c) To announce it illegal.1英语试题库d) To do harm to is.3. The reason why the Mafia bought up and ran substantial Laundromats is that .a) the Mafia can carry out large numbers of illegal transactions in them.b) the Mafia has many wicked activities like prostitution and gambling in them.c) the Laundromats can give the dirty cash the appearance oflegitimate income.d) the Laundromats is such a profit-making industry that it has attracted the Mafia. 4. In money-laundering, money would be moved fromthe scene of the crime to .a) the financial authoritiesb) the circulation fields.c) Laundromats operated by the Mafia.d) anonymous bank account in another country.5. With the worldwide liberalization of markets, money-launderinghas expanded rapidly by .a) deregulating the exchange controls.b) buying and operating more Laundromats.c) having more channels to launder dirty money.d) tightening the bank secrecy rules.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.The media can impact current events. As a graduate student atBerkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events related to the People’s Park that wore occurring on campus.Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided mewith some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities.Electronic media are having a greater impact on the people’s lives every day. Peoplegather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications are linking people to global village, or what one writer calls the electroniccity. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. For example, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action” such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave theviewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities.In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from helicopters. This events was triggered by the verdict (裁定) in the Rodney King beating. 32. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most peoples, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury was able to acquit (宣布无罪) the policemen involved . Media coverage of events as they occur also providespowerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as is seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, “Can we all get along?” By Saturday, tel evision seemed to provide2英语试题库positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rallyfor peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw unfolding on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process.6. Where is the passage most likely to be from?a) Textbook of Media.b) Thesis.c) Newspaper or Magazine.d) Speech.7. The 1989 San Francisco earthquake was mentioned to show .a) how damaging the earthquake was.b) how people carried out rescue workc) the electronic media extend your consciousness and your contact.d) the viewers’ i mpression of total disaster.8. The term “ electronic city”( para.2) refers to .a) Los Angelesb) San Franciscoc) Berkeleyd) Earth9. The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out because .a) the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney King.b) people can make their own judgments.c) video coverage from helicopters had made people angry.d) video coverage had provided powerful feedback.10. It can be inferred from the passage that .a) media coverage of events as they occur can have either good of bad results.b) most people who had seen the video of the Rodney King beating agree with theverdict of jury.c) the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole week.d) Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on Friday. Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions(离子) in the air can have anill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particle, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbedand a large proportion of positive ions are found. This happensnaturally before thunderstorms, earthquakes of when winds such as the mistral(寒冷的西北风) are blowing in certaincountries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of staticelectricity(静电) indoors from carpets orclothing made of man-made fibers, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea(恶心) or even mental disturbance. Animals are also found to be affected, particularly before earthquakes. Snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US3英语试题库Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these are near the sea, close to waterfalls of fountains ,or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accountsfor the beneficial effort of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.33. To increase the supply of negative irons indoors, somescientists recommend the use of ionizers: small portable machines which generate negative ions. They claim that ionizersnot only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all, it is debatable whether depending on seismic(地震的) readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.11. What effect does excessive positive ionization have on some people?a) They think they are insane.b) They feel rather bad-tempered.c) They become violently sick.d) They are too tired to do anything.12. According to the passage, static electricity can be caused by .a) using home-made electrical goods.b) wearing clothes made of natural materials.c) waling on artificial floor coverings.d) copying TV programs on a computer.13. A high negative ion count is likely to be found .a) near a pond with a water pump.b) close to slow flowing riverc) in some barren mountains.d) by a rotating water sprinkler.14. What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?a) Ionizers.b) Air-conditioners.c) Exhaust-fansd) Vacuum-pump15. Some scientists believe that .a) watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effectiveb) the unusual behaviors of animals can not be trustedc ) neither watching nor using seismograph is reliabled) earthquakes cannot affect any animalsPassage FourQuestions 16to 20 are based on the following passage.Joseph Weizenbaum, professor of computer science at MIT, thinks that the sense of power over the machine ultimately corrupts the computer hacker and makes him into a not very desirable sort of programmer.34.The hackers are so involved with designing their4英语试题库program, making it more and more complex and bending it to their will, that they don’t bothertrying to make it understandable to other users. They rarely keep records of their programs forthe benefit of others, and they rarely take time to understand why a problem occurred.Computer science teachers say they can usually pick out the prospective hackers in their courses because these students make their homework assignments more complex than they need to be. Rather than using the simplest and most direct method, they take joy in adding extra steps just to prove their ingenuity.But perhaps those hackers know something that we don’t know about the shape ofthings to come. “That hacker who had to be literally dragged offhis cha ir at MIT is now a multimillionaire of the computer industry,” says MIT professor Michael Dertouzos. “And twoformer hackers became the founders of the highly successful Apple home computer company.”When seen in this light, the hacker phenomenon may not be so strange after all. If, as many psychiatrists say, play is really the basis for all human activity, then the hacker games are really the preparation for future developments. Sherry Turkle, a professor of sociology at MIT, has for years been studying the way computers fit into people’s lives. She points out thatthe computer, because it seems to us to be so “intelligent”, so “capable”, so “human”, affectsthe way we think about ourselves and our ideas about what we are. She says that computers and computer toys already play an important role in children’s efforts to develop an identityby allowing them to test ideas about what is alive and what is not.“The youngsters can form as many subtle nuances(细微差距) and texturedrelationships with the compute rs as they can with people.” Turkle points out.16. The passage tells about .a) the strange behavior of the computer hackersb) the ultimate importance of bringing up computer hackersc) different opinions concerning the hacker phenomenond) the emergence of computer hackers17. According to Prof.Weizenbaum, what led to the hackers’ strange behavior isa) their strong desire to control the computerb) their ignorance of the responsibility of a programmerc) their incompetence in making new computer programsd) their deliberate attempts to make their programs complex and impracticable 18. In Prof. Dertouzos’ opinion, we know that .a) computer industry will certainly make multimillionaires of the hackersb) the hackers are likely to be very successful businessmenc) the hackers probably have better insight into the future than other peopled) only a few hackers will be successful in their later life19. The phrase “to develop an identity”(Para.4) means .a) to become distinguishedb) to seek an answerc) to build up a creative abilityd) to form a habit20. The passage tries to convey to its readers the idea that .a) perhaps the hacker phenomenon is not bad at allb) though the hackers are in fact playing with the computer, there may be some benefitsc) the computer hackers are the hope of the computer industry of tomorrow5英语试题库d) the computer hackers could be useful if under proper guidancePassage FiveQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The value of a business increasingly lies not in physical and financial assets that are on the balance sheet, but in intangibles: brands, patents, franchises, software, research programs, ideas and expertise. Few firms try to measure returns on these assets, let alonepublish information on them. Yet they are often what underlies a firm’s success. “Our primaryassets, which are our software and our software-development skills,do not show up on the balance sheet at all,” says Microsoft’s boss,Bill Gates. “This is probably not veryenlightening from a purely accounting point of view.”A sign that companies do not measure their assets properly may bethe growing gap between their stock-market value and the book value of their assets. Between 1973 and 1993, the median ratio of market valuesto book values of American public companies doubles; the difference has grown with a boom in high-tech shares. The gap is biggest for companies that have most rapidly boosted spending on research and development(R&D). Even within industries, the divergence(分歧) between stock-marketreturns and reported earnings hasincreased.You might think this would present a problem for investors, who no linger have a good way of telling whether the market value of a company is soundly based. Yet investors seem to know instinctively that knowledge is valuable. 35. A study has found that the share price of American multinationals that spend heavily on R&D rises when they buy foreign subsidiaries, but it falls when a multinational with low R&D spending buys abroad. Presumably investorsunderstand that companies in knowledge-based businesses can exploit the magic of rising returns to scale. Once a pill or a software programis developed, each extra sale brings in more money at little extra cost: the bigger the market, the greater the profits.In fact, the absence of good measures may bother those who run firms more than those who invest in them. For managers, the big problem is how to judge rates of return. With building a factory, there are time-honored methods for calculating the payback. But what if you are investing in R&D or software, or deciding whether to buy better people or to train more? There aren’t tools for making such decisions.21. The intangibles of a company are reflected in .a) physical and financial assetsb) stock-market valuec) the balance sheetd) the difference between the stock-market value and the book value22. What can we infer about Microsoft?a) It has no book-value assets.b) Its stock-market value equals its book value.c) There’s a great gap between its stock-market value and book value.d) Its stock-market value does not reflect the company’s real value23. Why does the share price of American multinationals rise?a) Because they buy foreign subsidiariesb) Because they invest much in intangible assets.c) Because they have low R&D spendingd) Because the investors know the methods for calculating the payback of6英语试题库knowledge-based businesses24. An investor who buys stocks of a company in knowledge-based businesses bases hisdecision on .a) pure speculation(投机)b) the company’s book valuec) whether the company buys foreign subsidiariesd) the prospect that its research will translate into low cost products 25. The phrase “such decisions”(Para.4) refe rs to .a) running firms in knowledge-based businessesb) investing in firms in knowledge-based businessesc) judging rates of return on firms in knowledge-based businessesd) calculating returns on a newly-built factorySection BDirections: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 26~30, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10%)Life is full of dangers and surprise. Your house may burn down. You may fall out of the window and break your neck. Mice and beetles ay eat your floor so that you drop in to the flat below for an uninvited cup of tea.26. .You cannot always prevent disasters, but you can insure against them. Most forms of insurance are voluntary-it is up to you whether you take out a policy or not. But some forms are compulsory. 27. .The “parties” to an agreement, or contract, are theindividuals or groups concerned. With third-party motor insurance,the three parties are (i) you yourself, (ii) your insurance company, and (iii) anybody else---for example, the man whose Jaguar has just smashed up your Mini. Third –party insurance does not cover fire, theft or anything else. It is intended only to protect road users fromeach other. 28. .Another form of compulsory insurance is National Insurance.Everybody over 16 earning money on a regular basis must pay a sum each week to the state. These weekly contributions cover part of the cost of the National Health Service and the other social service benefits, e.g. unemployment benefits, sickness benefits, old-age pensions, industrial injury benefits and so on. You must be able to prove you have paid your contributions, so you must have a card(kept by your employer unless you are self-employed) onto which stamps are stuck every week. Of course,you can take out private health insurance as well if you wish, but you must still pay your state contributions.There are, of course, many insurance companies in Britain, bothlarge and small. But there is also a rather special organization called Lloyd’s, which started as a coffee-house inth late 17century. Lloyd’s is a society of around six thousand members-all of themunderwriters-and is administered by a committee controlled by Act of Parliament.29. .You have to go to an insurance broker who will then contact a member of Lloyd’s for you. If you want to insure something expensive---like a fleet of Jumbo jets, for example-your broker will probably have to contact a syndicate of underwriters because the risks would be too high for one man to cover.Lloyd’s will probably insure you against any risk at all---provided you are prepared7英语试题库to pay the premiums.30. .Maybe clowns insure their noses. You never know-anything may happen.A. Professional pianists sometimes insure their hands.B. Insurance on the other hand eliminates risks already in existence and , by combining them,substitutes a small known loss(premium) contributed by each person insured. C. If you drive a car, for example, you must take out a third-party insurance policy. D. So it is not an insurance company in the normal sense, but an insurance market and youcannot do business with it directly.E. If you want to insure against all the other terrible things that might happen to you or yourcar, you can take out a comprehensive policy.F. This spreading of risk protects the individual against lossesthat may be disastrous if hehas to bear them alone.G. Anything may happen, you never know.Part II TranslationSection ADirections: Translate the following five sentences(all of which are underlined sentences in the five reading passages in Section A, Part I.) into Chinese. Remember to write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.31. Money-laundering (洗钱) has been one of the world’s fastest-growing industries overdecade despite increasing efforts by the world’s financial authorities to stamp it out.32. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most peoples, who had seen the video of this beating, could notunderstand how the jury was able to acquit (宣布无罪) the policemen involved .33. To increase the supply of negative irons indoors, somescientists recommend the use of ionizers: small portable machines which generate negative ions.34.The hackers are so involved with designing their program, making it more and more complex and bending it to their will, that they don’t bother trying to make it understandable toother users.35. A study has found that the share price of Americanmultinationals that spend heavily on R&D rises when they buy foreign subsidiaries, bu it falls when a multinational with low R&D spending buys abroad.Section BDirections: Translate the following passage into Chinese Remember to write your translation clear on the Answer SHEET.(10%).The media help democracy when they provide more choices to more people, but they do no favors to democracy when they turn themselves from beacons(信号站) of light intoheat-seeking missiles. For example, the president’s 1995 State of the Union address took morethan an hour, which apparently was about a half hour more than the patience of most network commentators(commentator: person who comments) could tolerate. In their instant analysis after the speech, they all criticized its length and “ lack of focus”. Yet judging by polls andtalk shows the next day, most Americans appeared to appreciate the content of the presi dent’sspeech. Today the media investigate less and preach more.......8英语试题库Part III WritingSection ADirections: For this section, you are asked to read the following short passage first and then to write a composition entitled “Which one Do You Think Is More Important, PleasureOr Longevity?”. You should not copy any of the sentences in the following passage. You should write no less than 150 words. Remember to write clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15%)(Just for your reference)) about having fun, increasingly viewing themselves as People are almost phobic(恐惧症fragile, vulnerable, ready to develop cancer or heart disease at the slightest provocation(刺激).In the name of health, people give up many of their life enjoyments. We have no quarrel with the evidence that some pleasures, like cigarette smoking, high alcohol consumption, addictive drugs, driving much too fast, are unhealthy and should be knocked off. But worrying too much about anything including calories, salt, cancer, and cholesterol(胆固醇)---can robyour life of vitality. Living optimistically, with pleasure, zest, and commitment enriches if not lengthens life.Do you agree to the above point of view? Which one do you think is more important, pleasure or longevity(长寿)Give your own comments and write them down on the ANSWER SHEET.Section BDirections: Answer the following question with no less than 50 words. Remember to write your answer clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(5%) Who is Confucius(孔子),(over)9。