2011-2013郑大MTI英语翻译基础真题
2013年郑州大学英语翻译硕士考研真题及其答案解析
财教创办北大、人大、中、北外授 训营对视频集、一一保分、、小班
2013年郑州大学
英语翻译硕士
考研真题及答案解析
育明教育梁老师提醒广大考生:
历年考研真题资料是十分珍贵的,研究真题有利于咱们从中分析出题人的思路和心态,因为每年专业课考试不管在题型还是在内容上都有很高的相似度，考研学子们一定要重视.
有什么疑问可以随时联系育明教育梁老师,我会为根据各位考生的具体情况提供更加有针对性的指导。
英语翻译基础
一、
EI NINO 二、
Emerging industries 三、
WMO 四、
OECD 五、
World intellectual property organization 六、
Pierre de coubertin 七、
Suez canal 八、
THINK TACT 九、
fortune 十、 United nation environment programs
十一、 义务教育
十二、 法人代表
十三、 珍贵濒危野生动物
十四、 外向型经济
十五、 知识型经济
十六、 高素质人才库。
2011年郑州大学翻译硕士真题 448汉语写作与百科知识
2011年郑州大学翻译硕士真题(448 汉语写作与百科知识)一.阅读下面的每一段话,注意其中带下划线的词的意思,然后回答后面的四个选项中哪一个与其最符合.(50分,每小题2分)1.疾病的表现尽管极其复杂,但基本都可以归纳于八纲之中.疾病总的类别,有阴证、阳证两大类.病位的深浅,可分在表在里.阴阳的偏颇,阳盛或阴虚则为热证,阳虚或阴盛则为寒证.邪正的盛衰,邪气盛的叫实证,正气衰的叫虚证.A.疾病的八类证候B.疾病所有证候的统称C.人体的八种器官D.八种致病因素2.超度已故亲人是个大家都关心的问题。
如果有条件，可以在寺院里给父母立个牌位，这样每天大殿里念佛经咒时，已故亲人都会受益。
同时很多寺院都有大型的超拔法会，专门超度已故亲人和法界其他众生的。
A.送走B.救度亡灵超脱苦难C.超越D.忘却3.一名督邮到彭泽县督察，差县吏去叫县令陶渊明来见他。
陶渊明平时蔑视功名富贵，但也不得不去见上一见，于是他马上动身。
不料县吏拦住陶渊明说：“大人，参见督邮要穿官服，并且束上大带，不然有失体统，督邮要乘机大做文章，会对大人不利的！”这一下，陶渊明再也忍受不下去了。
他长叹一声，道：“我不能为五斗米向乡里小人折腰！”A.口粮B.俸禄C.道教D.权贵4.一水曾为楚汉垠，风云变化利刘军。
若非就势过沟去，会见中华久两分。
A.水沟B.大河C.天堑D.鸿沟5.杨老汉家里虽然穷，但还是咬了咬牙，从柜子里拿出几个子儿来，让儿子上街买了一幅中堂。
A.字画B.装裱纸C.幕布D.床单6.张家庄青年李小晚和张艾艾相恋，互赠罗汉钱和小方戒为爱情表记。
他们的自由恋爱遭到有封建思想的村长的反对。
艾艾的母亲小飞娥发现女儿藏有罗汉钱，回忆其自己20年前与保安相爱，被父母强迫嫁给张木匠的辛酸往事。
A.罗汉像B.首饰C.铜钱D.纸币7.北京故宫的太和殿俗称“金銮殿”，位于北京紫禁城南北主轴线的显要位置，明永乐十八年建成，称奉天殿。
明嘉靖四十一年改称皇极殿。
2013年郑州大学357英语翻译基础考研试题(回忆版)
）2013年郑州大学357英语翻译基础考研试题回忆版）英语翻译基础考研试题（（回忆版名词翻译1 EI Nino2 emerging industries3 suspended particles 4export license5 integrated circuit6 Fortune7 think tank 8 extensive development9 Pierre de Coubertin 10 Davos Economic Forum11 World Intellectual Property Organization 12 Suez Canal13 United Nations Environment Programs 14 WMO 15 OECD1禽流感 2清洁能源3载人飞船 4义务教育5法定代表 6智能手机7知识型经济 8外向型经济9温室气体排放 10高素质人才库 11珍稀濒危野生动物 12唐宁街13《水浒传》 14教育部15五角大楼英译汉Chinesemultinational companies (MNCs) still lack numerous resources, which mayseverely hinder their foreign expansion efforts. They need to developstrategies to compensate for their relative lack of resources and theirreputation of inferior quality. The larger Chinese firms now have the abilityto provide high quality products at a lower cost than their WesternCounterparts. Competing abroad requires larger R&D investments, strongermarketing programs, more extensive sales organizations and sophisticated supplychain systems, as well as careful public relations. The biggest difficulty forChinese firms investing abroad is to determine who is going to own thecommercial networks, how to develop efficient distribution schemes andsuccessful brands, and how to master human resources policies in countries unfamiliarto them. To sustain their internationalization efforts, Chinese MNCs may try tobuild the necessary skills demanded by foreign markets through organic growthin a step-by-step approach, through alliance, or through the acquisition ofselected foreign companies. Companies such as Haier and Huawei decided to buildtheir own brands, which shows that, however difficult it may be, organic growthis not totally out of reach for Chinese MNCs. “Link-type” alliance are oftenseen as a more efficient way to get rapid access toforeign markets, whereasacquisitions to strengthen presence in foreign markets should consideralliances or joint-ventures because of their relative lack of knowledge of themarkets they aim at.R&D:research and development 研发汉译英腐败问题困扰ZF和私营机构，阻碍经济和社会进步——自古以来即如此。
2017年郑州大学翻译硕士真题 357英语翻译基础
2017年郑州大学翻译硕士真题（357英语翻译基础）1. Sentence translation (50 points)Translate the following sentences into Chinese (25 points)1. Up to the present time, throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this new tendency placed the home in the immediate suburbs, but concentrated manufacturing activity, business relations, government, and pleasure in the centers of the cities.2. This method of using "controls" can be applied to a variety of situations, and can be used to find the answer to questions as widely different as "Must moisture be present if iron is to rust?" and "Which variety of beans gives the greatest yield in one season?"3. The 20th century will not be remembered as the era when space was conquered, or the power of the atom, harnessed, but that in which were made the first machines having intelligence.4. Shortly before the uninhabited space station reached orbit in May 1973, aerodynamic pressure ripped off a meteoroid and heat shield.5.They are the possessions of the autonomous（self-governing）man of traditional theory，and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.Translate the following sentences into English（25 points）1.基于原子水平上略微不同的性质，已知的水分子可以以两种不同的“异构体”类型存在。
13年郑州大学翻译硕士初试真题
13年郑州大学翻译硕士初试真题基础英语一、单选，非常简单，一眼就能看出答案的二、改错是篇章里面划线句子那种，不难，但是都做对也不容易三、阅读3篇选择，不太好做，还是有难度1篇问答，注意总结精炼四、作文题目是Honesty andSuccess 400字翻译基础一、短语翻译英译汉、汉译英各十五个，每个一分英译汉有integrated circuit ,think tank, Fortune, WMO, World IntellectualProperty Rights Protection Organization ,United Nations Environmental Programs,extensive development, Pierre de Coubertin(这个没写出来),OECD,汉译英有禽流感，载人飞船，《水浒传》，五角大楼，清洁能源，教育部，智能手机，濒危野生动物，温室气体排放，外向型经济，知识型经济，高素质人才库，唐宁街二、篇章翻译英译汉是有关中国公司进军海外市场的，汉译英是有关反腐的，都不难，大概和人事部笔译三级难度差不多，文章也不长，时间绝对充足汉语百科与写作一、百科选择，25*2=501、“二三其德”是什么意思？2、“堪舆”是什么意思？3、“平湖秋月”在哪？4、下列哪一项属于中国四大名绣？A 汴绣B 湘绣C 云绣D 闽绣5、“天下第一佛”在哪？6、欧洲乐器簧风琴与中国哪个乐器最为接近？7、“胡笳十八拍”中的“胡笳”由什么制成的？8、戏曲中的四大基本功指什么？9、戏曲中的“祖师爷”是谁？A 丘处机B 太上老君C 李白D 唐明皇10、中国古代诗人中现存诗歌最多的是谁？A 陆游B苏轼C 李白D 白居易11、梵蒂冈西斯廷大教堂天花板上的画是谁画的？12、托利党是在哪一年转为保守党的？13、英国温布尔顿以哪项运动而闻名？14、澳大利亚在沦为殖民地以前是什么人居住在那里？15、信息技术是以什么技术为中心？16、感恩节最早在哪里庆祝？A 普利茅斯B 詹姆斯城C 罗德岛D 华盛顿17、最早到达新西兰的欧洲人是哪国人？A 荷兰B英国C 法国D 瑞典18、特洛伊一什么而闻名？A 宗教与文学B 历史与科学C 文学与建筑D 工业与贸易20、《广陵散》是由谁创作的？21、“在地愿为连理枝”的“枝”指的是什么？。
2011-2013郑大MTI英语翻译基础真题
2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题学科、专业：英语笔译考试科目名称：英语翻译基础考试科目代码：357答案一律写在考点统一发的答题纸上，否则无效1.Lexical Translation(30 points)1.Translate the following lexical items into Chinese(15points)1)global warming2)free-trade zone3)subhealth state4)green house effect5)low-carbon economy6)foreign currency reserve7)intellectual property8)genetically modified food9)the Six Party Talks10)Secretary of Treasury11)Washington Post12)General Motors13)CBS14)GATT15)UNESCO2.Translate the following lexical items into English(15points)1)房地产2)经济危机3)空气污染4)绿色食品5)社区服务6)失业保险7)信息产业8)电子图书馆9)可持续发展10)计算机辅助翻译11)安理会12)外交部13)新华社14)英国广播公司15)香港特别行政区2.text translation(120points)1.Translate the following text into Chinese(60 points)What is the essence of Disney World? Much of it revolves around Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors that they have entered a perfect world,which more closely conforms to their desires.It creates this “perfect world”in various ways.For example,it encourages visitors to see the park through the eyes of a child and definesitself as a place t hat “brings dreams of life.”But most essentially it creates a fictionalized version of a perfect world by inviting visitors to run away from reality so that they are no longer limited by time,distance,size and physical laws.In various attractions,visitors seem to float through the human body and through DNA;they travel to the past and future,and leave the earth.On the thrill rides（惊险娱乐项目）,they resist gravity,moving at speeds and in ways that seem to violate what common sense tells them should be possible.Disney World also invites visitors to escape the fallen state of society and the self.It draws visitors into a world of endless celebration,full of parades and fireworks,with costumed performers and endless invitations to fun.The effect is not unlike participating in a 365-day-a-year holiday,in which negative emotions are discarded from life.When you pull all this together,it becomes obvious that Disney World offers visitors the fictionalized realization of humanity’s deepest dream:transcendence(超越).In Disney World,we transcend the mundane(世俗).In place of the world we normally find ourselves in,in which most opportunities are closed to us and most human motives are concealed,we go on a journey through symbolic worlds that are objective and material,but seemingly as weightless,carefree and fantastic as the imagination.2.Translate the following text into English.(60 points)中国2010年上海世界博览会于5月1日至10月31日举行，吸引了200多个国家和国际组织参展，参观者累计7000多万人次。
2011年河南郑州大学英语翻译考研真题
2011年河南郑州大学英语翻译考研真题1.Vocabulary and Grammar (30%)Below each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes each sentence.1.Physics is the present-day equivalent of ______ used to be called natural philosophy, from ____most of present-day science developed.A. which, whatB. which, whichC. what, whichD. what, that2.The reason why he was accused and put into prison, as it ______, was that he was involved in a lot of illegal activities during the war.A. was turned outB. being turned outC. was being turned outD. turned out3.______, it is generally accepted as a favorite color for the wedding gown.A.Unpopular has as white beenB.White has been an unpopular colorC.Unpopular has been as whiteD.Unpopular as white has been4.Despite the threat of war, most people ______ their work and life as usual.A.go forB.go afterC.go aboutD.go at5.The jewelry shop was reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight last night.A.to have been robbedB.having robbedC.having been robbedD.to be robbed6.She has to find a new apartment to live in, for she cannot ______ the loud music coming from the room upstairs every night.e up withB.catch up withC.put up withD.keep up with7.You cannot eat those apples ______ they are not ripe yet.A.provided thatB.lestC.as long asD.only if8.Being in no great hurry, ______.A.did we take the long but scenic route.B.we took the long but scenic route.C.the long bur scenic route was our preference.D.our preference was taking the long but scenic route.9.The speaker was clever enough to wander from his topic to ______ on a point that had obviously caught his audience’s attention.A.emphasizeB.interruptC.elaborateD.introduce10.When you take the medicine, be careful not to ______ the recommended highest amount printed on the bottle.A.excelB.exceedC.surpassD.overtake11.Shortly after the earthquake, the local government began to ______ food, clothing, and other daily necessities among those people who had lost their homes.A.distributeB.contributeC.attributeD.tribute12.Fresh out of college, the young man is ready to take ______ heavy responsibilities to improve himself in the shortest time possible.A.outB.onC.inD.after13.We advise you to take a larger size for this cotton T-shirt as it is likely to ______ when it is washed.A.shrinkB.decreaseC.declineD.withdraw14.The seating ______ for the new auditorium is 5000.A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.quantity15.Danny left this ______ message on my answering machine：“I must see you. Meet me at seven o’clock.”Did he mean early in the morning or in the evening ? I am puzzled.A.contradictoryB.ambiguousC.explicitD.considerate16.The singers in this band are planning to go on a national tour to ______ their new album.A.proposeB.enhanceC.promoteD.expand17.Ever since the death of his wife, the lonely old man considered the loyal dog his closest______.panionB.accompanypanyD.peer18.Human behaviors are a product of learning, ______ the behavior of animals depend mainly on this instinct.A.otherwiseB.neverthelessC.whereasD.unless19.In China it is quite common for the hostess to ______ her way to entertain the visiting relatives and guests.A.go out ofB.go in forC.go withD.go back on20.The annual fee for this medical club is ______, covering all the medical examinations, consultation and other services.A.IndicativeB.indefiniteC.intensiveD.inclusive21.It is no good ______ about the current situation. Why not try to work out a solution to these problems?A.to complainplainplainingplained22.What ______ the rising housing price and increasingly fierce competition in such cities as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, many college graduates decided to go back to their hometowns to settle down.A.withB.forC.ofD.if23.I was greatly surprised to know that these tow lovers had already ______ with each other and lived separately.A.broken outB.broken downC.broken offD.broken up24.The interviewer managed to speak friendly in order that interviewees can feel ______.A.at largeB.B.at lengthC.at bestD.at ease25.He is learned and ______ professor and earns all the students’admiration and love.A.respectfulB.respectableC.respectiveD.respecting26.______ come you can be so careless? Next time, do be careful with your work.A.WhyB.WhatC.IfD.How27.If you really want to lose some weight, it is advisable for you ______ the intake of meat and sweets.A.cut inB.cut down onC.cut forD.cut up28.As the plane will not take off until one hour later, we ______ grab some food to eat in the snack bar at the airport.A.as wellB.must as wellC.might as wellD.should as well29.Tom’s ______ to his twin brother always made his friends mistook them for one another.A.resemblanceB.reluctanceC.resistanceD.reassurance30.Many sports fans stayed up late to watch the ______ broadcast of the World Cup.A.aliveB.liveC.livingD.livelyII. Reading Comprehension (40%)Section A: Multiple Choices (30%)There are three passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete sentences. Choose the ONE answer that best answers the question or complete sentences.Passage 1When we analyze the salt salinity of ocean waters, we find that it varies only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are of great importance. There are three basic processes that give rise to a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation---conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salt stays behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white salt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained.The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higherthan it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctic, the densest water in the ocean is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portion of the oceans of the world.1.What does the passage mainly discuss?A. the analysis of the salinity of ocean watersB. the importance of the changes in oceanic salinityC. the causes of the variation in oceanic salinityD. the different forms of salts in ocean waters。
郑州大学357英语翻译基础_2012(带答案)
2012年郑州大学357英语翻译基础考研题一、Translation questions（Sub-topics 1-30 are translation questions, Translate the following text into English or TransIate the following text into Chinese. (30 points)）1.e-commerce【答案】电子商务【解析】EC（英语： E-Commerce）是指在互联网(Internet)和增值网（Value Added Network)上以电子交易方式进行交易活动和相关服务活动，是传统商业活动各环节的电子化、网络化。
【难度系数】1【分值】12.bioengineering【答案】生物工程【解析】bio-是一个前缀，指“生物的，生物学的”；engineer工程，因此结合起来，就是“生物工程”。
【难度系数】2【分值】13.the Supreme Court【答案】最高法院【解析】supreme最高的；court法院；因此结合起来，就是“最高法院”。
【难度系数】1【分值】14.trade deficit【答案】贸易赤字或外贸逆差【解析】trade贸易；deficit赤字，亏损；因此结合起来，就是“贸易赤字”。
【难度系数】2【分值】15.summit meeting【答案】峰会【解析】summit顶点，最高点；meeting会议；因此结合起来，就是“高峰会议”，即“峰会”。
【难度系数】2【分值】16.air quality monitoring【答案】空气质量监测【解析】air空气；quality质量；monitoring监控，监测；因此，结合起来，就是“空气质量监测”。
【难度系数】1【分值】17.economic community【答案】经济共同体【解析】economic经济的；community社区，团体；因此结合起来，就是“经济共同体”。
2016年郑州大学翻译硕士真题357英语翻译基础
2016年郑州大学翻译硕士真题357英语翻译基础2016年郑州大学翻译硕士真题（357英语翻译基础）1. Sentence translation (50 points)1. Translate the following text into Chinese(25points)1. It is not known how rare this resemblance is, or whether it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnet, whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond; but when present, the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly co genetic.2.A long-held view of the history of English colonies that became the United States has been that England's policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy, dominated by expansionist militarist objectives, generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution.3. This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related to glacial and interglacial periods, rather than on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains found in interglacial beds themselves interstratified within glacial deposits.4. It is possible to make specific complementary DNA's (CDNA's) that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNA's (MRNA's) of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones, the cells will contain these MRNA's. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them, then the CDNA's should still bind to these MRNA's, but should not bind as tightly as they would to MRNA's for the true hormones.5.Some geologists, however, on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths, argue that the mantle is not layered, but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in “incompatible elements”（elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state）percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly, according to the vagaries of the fluids' pathways.Translate the following text into English. (25points)1.除非他们能取得成功，不然的话，绿色革命的产量收益将在很大程度上损失殆尽，即使豆科植物中使这些植物有条件进入到与固氮细菌共生关系的基因可被辨识出来和分离开来的话，且即使这些基因综合体，一旦被发现之后，其移植得以成为可能的话。
2011-2013郑大MTI百科真题
郑州大学2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题（A卷）学科、专业: 英语笔译研究方向: 英语笔译硕士考试科目名称: 汉语写作与百科知识考试科目代码: 448答案一律写在考点统一发的答题纸上,否则无效.一.阅读下面的每一段话,注意其中带下划线的词的意思,然后回答后面的四个选项中哪一个与其最符合.(50分,每小题2分)1.疾病的表现尽管极其复杂,但基本都可以归纳于八纲之中.疾病总的类别,有阴证、阳证两大类.病位的深浅,可分在表在里.阴阳的偏颇,阳盛或阴虚则为热证,阳虚或阴盛则为寒证.邪正的盛衰,邪气盛的叫实证,正气衰的叫虚证.A.疾病的八类证候B.疾病所有证候的统称C.人体的八种器官D.八种致病因素2.超度已故亲人是个大家都关心的问题。
如果有条件，可以在寺院里给父母立个牌位，这样每天大殿里念佛经咒时，已故亲人都会受益。
同时很多寺院都有大型的超拔法会，专门超度已故亲人和法界其他众生的。
A.送走B.救度亡灵超脱苦难C.超越D.忘却3.一名督邮到彭泽县督察，差县吏去叫县令陶渊明来见他。
陶渊明平时蔑视功名富贵，但也不得不去见上一见，于是他马上动身。
不料县吏拦住陶渊明说：“大人，参见督邮要穿官服，并且束上大带，不然有失体统，督邮要乘机大做文章，会对大人不利的！”这一下，陶渊明再也忍受不下去了。
他长叹一声，道：“我不能为五斗米向乡里小人折腰！”A.口粮B.俸禄C.道教D.权贵4.一水曾为楚汉垠，风云变化利刘军。
若非就势过沟去，会见中华久两分。
A.水沟B.大河C.天堑D.鸿沟5.杨老汉家里虽然穷，但还是咬了咬牙，从柜子里拿出几个子儿来，让儿子上街买了一幅中堂。
A.字画B.装裱纸C.幕布D.床单6.张家庄青年李小晚和张艾艾相恋，互赠罗汉钱和小方戒为爱情表记。
他们的自由恋爱遭到有封建思想的村长的反对。
艾艾的母亲小飞娥发现女儿藏有罗汉钱，回忆其自己20年前与保安相爱，被父母强迫嫁给张木匠的辛酸往事。
A.罗汉像B.首饰C.铜钱D.纸币7.北京故宫的太和殿俗称“金銮殿”，位于北京紫禁城南北主轴线的显要位置，明永乐十八年建成，称奉天殿。
2011考研英语一和二翻译真题和答案
2011考研英语一和二翻译真题和答案说明：原文选自一本非常著名的书Fifty Self-help Classics（见图），主要选自这本书的第11页和12页，经过命题专家改写，有些变了模样。
该书是一本励志类的读物，是一部书评，所以翻译起来并不轻松，甚至还有一些哲理性的语言，颇费思量。
以下为考试原文和译文，仅供参考；时间仓促，不对之处，敬请指出并谅解。
祝福各位考研的朋友。
北京新东方学校国内部唐静With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing。
(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share--that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature.我们每个人都认为：自己不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思想；爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质。
Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”我们或许只通过意识就能维持这种控制的幻觉，但事实上，我们却总是面临一个问题：我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情，实现那个目标呢？Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are。
2013年郑州大学翻译硕士真题 211翻译硕士英语
2013年郑州大学翻译硕士真题（211翻译硕士英语）1．Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points)Part A: Multiple Choice (20 points,1 point each)Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write the correct answer on your Answer Sheet.1.An ideal is a standard _____ people judge real phenomena.A.WhatB.WhichC.by whichD.by what2.A lawyer by training ____ he was, he proved himself to be a greater novelist.A.IfB.AsC.WhileD.since3.The girl was lying on the lawn, her hands ____ under her head.A.were crossingB.were crossedC.crossingD.crossed4.There is _____denying that Moyan, winning the Nobel Prize for Literature, is an influential Chinese writer.A.NoB.NotC.NothingD.none5.The tension between the two countries is _____that any provocative action on either side might lead to a full-scale war.A.AsB.LikeC.SuchD.so6.We will keep close contact with you and _____you of any change in the plan.A.ReportB.AnnouncermD.propose7.The trade agreement between the two companies will _____ next month.B.DescendC.ExpireD.exploit8.She is determined to carry on with her plan ____of any objection.A.RegardingB.RegardlessC.DisregardingD.with regard9.Your wish to go out for a walk does not ____your leaving the baby alone in the house.A.JustifyB.TerrifyC.DignityD.exemplify10.China has a large rural population, and thus our government has _____great importance to protecting farmers’ interests.A.abstainedB.accessedC.avengedD.attached11.We had known each other for over twenty years and considered each other as a ______friend.A.ChestB.BreastC.bosomD.body12.He fainted while climbing the mountain alone. When he_____ consciousness, it was already in the middle of the night.A.RevisedB.regainedC.resolvedD.revolved13.Talking and _______are not the same, for to talk and to talk well are two different things.A.eloquenceB.endowmentC.elopementD.engagement14.To get a higher profit, the magazine is trying to get more readers to ______to.A.ascribeB.subscribeC.describeD.prescribe15.Now that all the eye witnesses are dead, it is really difficult to _____ whether his alibi is true or not.A.imprintC.overlookD.reinforce16.Energetic and ______, college students are in the best period of their life.A.imaginaryB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imagied17.As an environmental activist, she gave numerous public speeches to ____a lower-carbon life to protect the environment.A.championmandC.conceiveD.convert18.The three western countries have 0.3,0.4 and 0.6 hectares of cropland per person____.A.respectfullyB.relativelyC.respectivelyD.respectably19.Hot metal ____ as it cools down gradually.A.reducesB.condensespressesD.contracts20.Radio reception isn’t very good because of a disturbance in the atmosphere, and the announcer’s voice sounded very_______.A.disputedB.distortedC.discardedD.dismissedPart B: Proofreading and Error Correction (10 points,1 point each)Identity one error in each numbered sentence, write out the error and give the correct word(s)on the Answer Sheet.Usually merchants sell objects that people need, that make their lives better. (1) However, the salespeople promote cigarette smoking among young people may be making American a “merchant of death” More and more American cigarette companies make their advertisement not in the U.S., but overseas. Outside the U.S., advertising shows is presented as part of the American lifestyle. (2) In these ads, cigarettes stand up for American, and smokers are shown as rich, attractive, and romantic. These ads are meant to appeal to young people, (3) and as a result these romantic pictures, children around the world are being lured into cigarette smoking at a very young age. (4) Once they begin to smoke, they are likely to stop; cigarette smoking becomes a habit. This nicotine addiction is very hard to break. (5) If children give in to this advertising and begin to smoke before they are 18 years old, he may become smokers for life.Tobacco companies deny that they create new smokers; instead, they say that they only appeal to those who already smoke. (6) However, experts say that it is clear how advertising encourages children to smoke.(7) The health effects on nations can be devastated: every year, millions of people die from the effects of smoking, and nations spend millions of dollars on related health costs.The problem for U.S. cigarette companies is that smoking in the United States is decreasing. Stockholders want to see the companies they own make profit. Because their sales in the U.S. have decreased, they are expanding their markets abroad. (8) If more smokers create internationally, particularly young smokers, the stockholders will get rich.(9)Many nations realize the benefit of smoking and have tried to ban ads completely so that children never see them, or at least shorten smoking advertisements so that they are not widespread.(10) But these controls are futile; by and by, they have not curbed cigarette advertising.II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Part A:Read the following three passages, and choose the correct answer from the four choices given and then write it on the Answer Sheet. (30 points,2 points each)(1)When the wind blows, many things go. History is filled with stories of people who used wind and air for fun and travel. One story that goes back about 3,000 years into history tells of two Greek men who escaped from prison by using wings made of feathers and wax. The story says the wax wings melted when one man flew too near the sun. His feathers fell off and he crashed into the sea. If those Greeks had used hang glide or self-soaring wings for their prison escape, there wouldn't have been any wax for the sun to melt. Of course, no one believes they got near the sun, anyway.For self-soaring or hang gliding there should be wind, plenty of it. A wind of 20 miles per hour or more is good for flying. Before flying, a rider sets up his kite at the top of a hill. The kite must be unfolded and set up facing into the wind. If the front isn’t facing the wind, the kite may go flying without the rider.Hang-glide kites are made of tightly woven cloth, lightweight metal rods, and strong wires. The cloth is so tightly woven that it's almost airtight. The rods and wires should be made of very strong material.People have always wanted to fly, and people have always wanted to add beauty to their lives. Self-roaring people add beauty to their kites with colors and decorations. Quite often a person may have a kite custom-made by a professional kite builder. The kite builder can let the buyer pick the cloth for colors and decoration. But when it comes to the shape, the kite has to be built to fly. That is why the shape is important.After being strapped in, a hang-glide kite flier is ready to go. The flight starts with a downhill run into the wind. The wind catches the kite and gives the rider the lift needed to fly. For the first part of the ride, the rider tries for speed and altitude. Without these, a flight may be over before it even starts. As soon as the kite gains speed and altitude, a flier can start to control the direction of flight. For a right turn, the rider leans to the right and moves the steering bar to the left. This tips the kite to the right and it makes a turn. For a left turn, the rider leans left.1. Which of the following is true about the two Greeks in the story?A. One escaped and the other was capturedB. One was killed and the other was capturedC. One escaped and the other was killedD. Both of them escaped2. What is the hang glide made of?A. Cloth, metal rods and wiresB. Wax and feathers.C. Cloth of different shapes and colors.D. A steering bar and a flier.3. How does one begin the flight of a hang-glide kite?A. By moving the steering bar.B. By running downhill into the wind.C. By letting the kite go with the wind.D. By giving it a hard pull.4. What is the most important for a successful flight if a glide kite?A. AltitudeB. DirectionC. SpeedD. Wind5. The best title for this passage may be_____.A. Flying a kiteB. The importance of hang-glidingC. Flight if hang-glide kitesD. Flying kites: add beauty to our lives(2)One of the earliest forms of money, borrowed from the Indians, was wampum, black and white polished beads made from clam shells. Wampum circulated as legal tender for private debts in Massachusetts until 1661 and was used as money in New York as late as 1701. In Maryland and Virginia, tobacco was initially the principal medium of exchange, while other colonies designated as "country pay" (acceptable for taxes) such items as hides, furs, tallow, cows, corn, wheat, beans, pork, fish, brandy, whisky, and musket balls.Hurried public officials were often swindled into receiving a poor quality of “country pay” Clearly, one of the major problems in using commodity money, besides inconvenience, spoilage, and storage difficulties, was quality control because it was in an individual's self-interest to make payments whenever possible with low-quality goods. One of the earliest domestically initiated regulations, the Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act of 1747, addressed this issue. This move toward ultimately set firm standards of quality control for tobacco money and raised the value of Maryland's tobacco exports.Despite the problems, commodity money was extensively used in the colonies in the seventeenth century. By the early eighteenth century, however, both specie (gold or silver) and paper currency were common in the major seaboard cities, and by the end of the colonial period, commodities —particularly furs —were accepted only in communities along the westernBecause of the sizable colonial trades with many overseas areas, the gold and silver coins of all the important commercial countries of Europe and their dependencies in the Western Hemisphere were freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboard. More important than English coins, which could not be legally exported from Britain to the colonies, were the sliver coins of the Spanish mint. These were struck in Mexico City and Lima and introduced into the colonial economy via vigorous trading with the Spanish colonies. Spanish dollars were so common in the colonies that the coin was eventually adopted as the monetary unit of the United States.Although Massachusetts first attempted to mint coins of low bullion content as early as 1652, the colonies eventually turned to paper to increase their meager and undependable money supply. The promissory notes of well-known individuals and bills of exchange drawn on English merchants readily exchanged hands for several months. In addition, treasures of the various colonies began to issue promissory notes in advance of tax collection and issue written orders to town officers requiring the payments of obligations from local stores; like other negotiable instruments, these pieces of paper were exchanged as money.6.According to this passage, which disadvantage of the commodity money troubled the public official and led to the birth of Maryland Tobacco Inspection Act?A. The commodity money was borrowed which was of low quality.B. Many people paid with the commodity money which was of low quality.C. People would easily damage and spoil the commodity money.D. It was inconvenient to carry and store the commodity money.7.The specie and the paper money didn’t become widely used until ____as mentioned in the passage.A. the eighteenth centuryB. the seventeenth centuryC. around 1701D. around 16528.The silver coins of the Spanish mint had a greater importance than the English coins because____.A. this kind of coins had been widely used in the colonies at that timeB. this kind of coins could be freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboard.C. this kind of coins could be exported legally but the English coins could notD. this kind of coins was eventually adopted as the monetary unit of the United States9.In the last paragraph, the underlined parts “undependable money supply” refers to________.A. bills of exchangeB. the commodity moneyC. promissory notesD. the gold and silver coins10.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The earliest form of money in the world was a kind of wampum borrowed from the Indians.B. Tobacco had acted as the principal medium of exchange in Virginia and MarylandC. The coins of all the important commercial countries of Europe could be freely exchanged throughout the eastern seaboardD. Sometimes certain kind of promissory notes and bills of exchange could be exchanged as the(3)In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much has been accomplished for the modern period, pre-modern cultures have proved more difficult., sources are restricted in number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures has so far gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bachofen's 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient Greece.Starting from the premise that mythology and legend preserve at least a nucleus of historical fact, Bachofen argued that women were dominant in many ancient societies. His work was based on a comprehensive survey of references in the ancient sources to Amazonian and other societies with matrilineal customs--societies in which descent and property rights are traced through the female line. Some support for his theory can be found in evidence such as that drawn from Herodotus, the Greek "historian" of the fifth century B.C., who speaks of an Amazonian society, the Sauromatae, where the women hunted and fought in wars. A woman in this society was not allowed to marry until she had killed a person in battle.Nonetheless, this assumption that the first recorders of ancient myths have preserved facts is problematic. If one begins by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek descriptions of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact--real Amazonian societies--but rather to offer "moral lessons" on the supposed outcome of women's rule in their own society. The Amazons were often characterized, for example, as the equivalents of giants and centaurs, enemies to be slain by Greek heroes. Their customs were presented not as those of a respectable society, but as the very antitheses of ordinary Greek practices.Thus, I would argue, the purpose of accounts of the Amazons for their make Greek recorders was didactic, to teach both male and female Greeks that all-female groups, formed by withdrawal from traditional society, are destructive and dangerous. Myths about the Amazons were used as arguments for the male-dominated status quo, in which groups composed exclusively of either sex were not permitted to segregate themselves permanently from society. Bachofen was thus misled in his reliance on myths for information about the status of women. The sources that will probably tell contemporary historians most about women in the ancient world are such social documents as gravestone, wills, and marriage contracts. Studies of such documents have already begun to show how mistaken we are when we try to derive our picture of the ancient world exclusively from literary sources, especially myths.11.All of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with the sources for knowledge of premodern cultures EXCEPT_____.A. partial completenessB. restricted accessibilityC. difficulty of interpretationD. limited quantity12.It can be inferred from the passage that the probable reactions of many males in ancient Greece to the idea of the Amazons could best be described as________.A. wary and unfriendlyB. confused and dismayedC. curious but fearfulD. respectful and approving13.The primary purpose of the passage is to______.A. introduce a new approach to understanding the role of women in ancient societiesB. analyze the nature of Amazonian society and compare it with the Greek worldC. criticize the value of ancient myths in determining the status of women in ancient societiesD. provide some information on ancient mythology and legend14.The main reason for the long-lasting influence of Bachofen’s work is that_____.A. feminists have shown little interests in ancient societiesB. Bachofen’s knowledge of Amazonnian culture is true and reliableC. reliable information about the ancient world is difficult to acquireD. ancient societies show the best evidence of women in positions of power15.The author’s attitude toward Bachofen’s treatise is best described as______.A. approvingB. contradictoryC. neutralD. disagreeingPart B: Short-Answer Questions (10 points,2 points each)Read the following passage, and then answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain.The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than their parents did and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man's role is regarded as less important and that has happened in some cases -- we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”-- but we don't want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credits -- nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own way for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent not only to a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy family.(Please answer the following questions with your own words. Your answer should be brief and relevant)1.How can the equality between the male and female be achieved in a family?2. If the man’s role is undervalued, what will the result be?3.What do“Momismand” “neo-Popism” mean respectively?4.What does the underlined sentence at the end of the third paragraph suggest?5.What is the main idea of the passage?III. Writing (30 points)Write an essay of about 400 words based on the following topic on the Answer Sheet.Honesty and Success。
2012年郑州大学翻译硕士真题 357英语翻译基础
2012年郑州大学翻译硕士真题（357英语翻译基础）1.Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terms into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test,15 in English and 15 in Chinese. (1 point for each,30 points)1.e-commerce2.bioengineering3.the Supreme Court4.trade deficit5.summit meeting6.air quality monitoring7.economic community8.third-party payment9.unconventional weapons10. The Caribbean11. Paralympic Games12. The wall Street Journal13. International Atomic nergy Agency14. MIT15. IMF16. 医保卡17. 法人代表18. 第三产业19. 市场调查20. 生态平衡21. 免税商品22. 可再生能源23. 社区卫生服务中心24. 国务卿25. 《新闻周刊》26. 世界银行27. 欧洲联盟28. 国际足联29. 世界卫生组织30. 全球定位系统II. Direction: Translate the following two source text into their target language respectively. (60 points for each.120 points)Source Text 1:Any science may be likened to a river, says a Johns Hopkins biologist, Professor Carl Swanson.”It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning; its quiet stretches as well as its rapids;its periods of drought as well as of fullness. It gathers momentum with the work of many investigators as it is fed by other streams of thought; it is deepened and broadened by the concepts and generalizations that are gradually evolved.”So it is with the science of biological control in its modern sense. In America it has its obscure beginnings a century ago with the first attempts to introduce natural enemies of insects that were proving troublesome to farmers, an effort that sometimes moved slowly or not at all, but now and again gathered speed and momentum under the impetus of an outstanding success. It has its period of drought when workers in applied entomology dazzled by the spectacular new insecticides of the 1940s turned their backs on all biological methods and set foot on” the treadmill of chemical control”. But the goal of an insect-free world continued to recede. Now at last, as it has become apparent that the heedless and unrestrained use of chemicals is a greater menace to ourselves than to the heedless and unrestrained use of chemicals is a greater menace to ourselves than to the targets, the river which is the science of biotic control flows again, fed by new streams of thought.【Key words】Johns Hopkins 霍普金斯Carl Swanson 卡尔.斯旺森momentum 动力；势头impetus 推动力；促进entomology 昆虫学treadmill 枯燥无味的工作biotic 生物的Source Text 2:由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识，就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识，世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。
2011年郑州大学翻译硕士真题 357英语翻译基础
2011年郑州大学翻译硕士真题（357英语翻译基础）1.Lexical Translation (30 points)1.Translate the following lexical items into Chinese(15points)1)global warming2)free-trade zone3)subhealth state4)green house effect5)low-carbon economy6)foreign currency reserve7)intellectual property8)genetically modified food9)the Six Party Talks10)Secretary of Treasury11)Washington Post12)General Motors13)CBS14)GATT15)UNESCO2.Translate the following lexical items into English(15points)1)房地产2)经济危机3)空气污染4)绿色食品5)社区服务6)失业保险7)信息产业8)电子图书馆9)可持续发展10)计算机辅助翻译11)安理会12)外交部13)新华社14)英国广播公司15)香港特别行政区2.text translation(120points)1.Translate the following text into Chinese (60 points)What is the essence of Disney World? Much of it revolves around Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors that they have entered a perfect world, which more closely conforms to their desires. It creates this “perfect world” in various ways. For example, it encourages visitors to see the park through the eyes of a child and defines itself as a place that “brings dreams of life”. But most essentially it creates a fictionalized version of a perfect world by inviting visitors to run away from reality so that they are no longer limited by time, distance, size and physical laws. In various attractions, visitors seem to float through the human body and through DNA, they travel to the past and future, and leave the earth. On the thrill rides（惊险娱乐项目）, they resist gravity, moving at speeds and in ways that seem to violate what common sense tells them should be possible.Disney World also invites visitors to escape the fallen state of society and the self. It draws visitors into a world of endless celebration, full of parades and fireworks, with costumed performers and endless invitations to fun. The effect is not unlike participating in a 365-day-a-year holiday, in which negative emotions are discarded from life.When you pull all this together, it becomes obvious that Disney World offers visitors the fictionalized realization of humanity’s deepest dream: transcendence(超越). In Disney World, we transcend the mundane(世俗).In place of the world we normally find ourselves in, in which most opportunities are closed to us and most human motives are concealed, we go on a journey through symbolic worlds that are objective and material, but seemingly as weightless, carefree and fantastic as the imagination.2.Translate the following text into English. (60 points)中国2010年上海世界博览会于5月1日至10月31日举行，吸引了200多个国家和国际组织参展，参观者累计7000多万人次。
2011年英语一真题翻译
2011年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题文章翻译Section I Use of English古希腊哲学家亚里士多德把笑看作是“有益于身体健康的宝贵锻炼”。
尽管有些相反的意见，但笑可能对身体健康影响极小。
笑确实能对心脏和血管产生短期的改变，笑能够促进心律呼吸速率。
但是因为大笑很难持续，一次狂笑不可能像比如走路或者慢跑那样对心血管功能产生很大的益处。
实际上，其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉，很显然笑确是起到了相反的作用，二十世纪三十年代的一项研究表明笑可以放松肌肉，在狂笑平息之后45分钟内会降低肌肉张力。
这样的身体放松可能会帮助减轻心理紧张状态的影响。
笑的行为毕竟可能会产生其他形式的身体上的反馈来提高个体的情绪状态。
根据一个经典的情绪理论，我们的感觉部分根源于身体上的反映。
十九世纪末人们便争论这一说法：人们不会因为他们伤心而哭，但当开始尽管悲伤能产生眼泪，证据显示情绪是肌肉反应的结果。
1988年德国乌子堡大学的社会心理学家做了一个实验，他让志愿者用牙咬住一支笔做出假笑，或者用嘴含住一支笔，这个动作会让人产生一种失望的表情。
那些被强制锻炼笑肌的人比那些嘴唇皱着表情失望的人在观看有趣的动画片时反应更加丰富，这暗示了表情可能会影响情绪，而不只是反过来情绪会影响表情。
同样，笑这一生理行为可以改善心Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请Alan Gilbert作为下一任的音乐总监，这从2009年任命被宣布之日起就在古典音乐界引起了热议。
别的不说，大部分人的反应是积极的。
“好啊，终于好了！” AnthonyTommasini写道，他可是一个以严肃著称的古典音乐评论家。
但是，这个任命之所以引起人们惊讶的原因却是Gilbert相对而言并不是很有名。
甚至在时代杂志上发文支持Gilbert任命的Tommasini都称其为“低调的音乐家，在他身上找不到那种飞扬跋扈的指挥家的气质。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题学科、专业：英语笔译考试科目名称：英语翻译基础考试科目代码：357答案一律写在考点统一发的答题纸上，否则无效1.Lexical Translation(30 points)1.Translate the following lexical items into Chinese(15points)1)global warming2)free-trade zone3)subhealth state4)green house effect5)low-carbon economy6)foreign currency reserve7)intellectual property8)genetically modified food9)the Six Party Talks10)Secretary of Treasury11)Washington Post12)General Motors13)CBS14)GATT15)UNESCO2.Translate the following lexical items into English(15points)1)房地产2)经济危机3)空气污染4)绿色食品5)社区服务6)失业保险7)信息产业8)电子图书馆9)可持续发展10)计算机辅助翻译11)安理会12)外交部13)新华社14)英国广播公司15)香港特别行政区2.text translation(120points)1.Translate the following text into Chinese(60 points)What is the essence of Disney World? Much of it revolves around Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors that they have entered a perfect world,which more closely conforms to their desires.It creates this “perfect world”in various ways.For example,it encourages visitors to see the park through the eyes of a child and definesitself as a place t hat “brings dreams of life.”But most essentially it creates a fictionalized version of a perfect world by inviting visitors to run away from reality so that they are no longer limited by time,distance,size and physical laws.In various attractions,visitors seem to float through the human body and through DNA;they travel to the past and future,and leave the earth.On the thrill rides（惊险娱乐项目）,they resist gravity,moving at speeds and in ways that seem to violate what common sense tells them should be possible.Disney World also invites visitors to escape the fallen state of society and the self.It draws visitors into a world of endless celebration,full of parades and fireworks,with costumed performers and endless invitations to fun.The effect is not unlike participating in a 365-day-a-year holiday,in which negative emotions are discarded from life.When you pull all this together,it becomes obvious that Disney World offers visitors the fictionalized realization of humanity’s deepest dream:transcendence(超越).In Disney World,we transcend the mundane(世俗).In place of the world we normally find ourselves in,in which most opportunities are closed to us and most human motives are concealed,we go on a journey through symbolic worlds that are objective and material,but seemingly as weightless,carefree and fantastic as the imagination.2.Translate the following text into English.(60 points)中国2010年上海世界博览会于5月1日至10月31日举行，吸引了200多个国家和国际组织参展，参观者累计7000多万人次。
本届世博会以“城市，让生活更美好”为主题；吉祥物（mascot）命名为“海宝”，意即“四海之宝”，以“人”为核心创意，契合上海世博会主题；会徽（emblem）图案形似汉字“世”，并与数字“2010”巧妙组合，犹如一个三口之家相拥而乐，表达了世博会“理解、沟通、欢聚、合作”的理念；其主要场地可以概括为“一轴（axis）四馆”，包括世博轴、中国国家馆等。
上海世博会是探讨人类城市生活的盛会；是一曲以创新和合作为主旋律的交响乐；将成为人类文明的一次精彩对话。
2012年1.e-commerce2.bioengineering3.the Supreme Court4.trade deficit5.summit meeting6.air quality monitoring7.economic community8.third-party payment9.unconventional weapons10. The Caribbean11. Paralympic Games12. The wall Street Journal13. International Atomic nergy Agency14. MIT15. IMF16. 医保卡17. 法人代表18. 第三产业19. 市场调查20. 生态平衡21. 免税商品22. 可再生能源23. 社区卫生服务中心24. 国务卿25. 《新闻周刊》26. 世界银行27. 欧洲联盟28. 国际足联29. 世界卫生组织30. 全球定位系统II.Direction: Translate the following two source text into their target language respectively.(60 points for each.120 points)Source Text 1:Any science may be likened to a river,says a Johns Hopkins biologist,Professor Carl Swanson.”It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning;its quiet stretches as well as its rapids;its periods of drought as well as of fullness.It gathers momentum with the work of many investigators as it is fed by other streams of thought;it is deepened and broadened by the concepts and generalizations that are gradually evolved. ”So it is with the science of biological control in its modern sense.In America it has its obscure beginnings a century ago with the first attempts to introduce natural enemies of insects that were proving troublesome to farmers,an effort that sometimesmoved slowly or not at all,but now and again gathered speed and momentum under the impetus of an outstanding success.It has its period of drought when workers in applied entomology dazzled by the spectacular new insecticides of the 1940s turned their backs on all biological me thods and set foot on”the treadmill of chemical control”.But the goal of an insect-free world continued to recede.Now at last,as it has become apparent that the heedless and unrestrained use of chemicals is a greater menace to ourselves than to the heedless and unrestrained use of chemicals is a greater menace to ourselves than to the targets,the river which is the science of biotic control flows again,fed by new streams of thought.【Key words】Johns Hopkins 霍普金斯Carl Swanson 卡尔.斯旺森momentum 动力；势头impetus 推动力；促进entomology 昆虫学treadmill 枯燥无味的工作biotic 生物的Source Text 2:由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识，就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识，世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。