专八翻译英译汉讲解(全解析)
专业英语八级考试翻译真题及参考答案
专业英语八级考试翻译真题及参考答案I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May;that it was Easter Sunday，and as yet very early in the morning.! was standing, as it seemed to me, at the door of my own cottage.Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usuaL and solemnized by the power of dreams. There were the same mountains, and the same lovely valley at their feet; but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height, and there was interspaced far larger between them of savannahs and forest lawns;the hedges were rich with white roses;and no living creature was to be seen, excepting that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the verdant graves, and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had once tenderly loved , just as I had really seen them , a little before sunrise, in the same summer when that child died.我想那是五月的一个周日的早晨;那天是复活节，一个大清早上。
专八真题翻译练习及讲解
九年级科学月考试卷73考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：100分钟；命题人：李子的小哥56学校：______ 姓名：______ 班级：______ 考号：______总分栏题号一二三四五总分得分评卷人得分一、单选题(共7题，共14分)1、下列各组变化中，每个转化在一定条件下均能一步实现的是（）A. ①②B. ①③C. ②③D. ①②③2、单位质量的下列反应中，释放能量最大的是( )A. 裂变B. 聚变C. 液氢燃烧D. 差不多3、下列说法正确的是（）A.向酸性土壤里撒熟石灰，可调节土壤的pHB.推广加碘盐是为了预防胃酸过多C.钢铁在干燥的环境中比在潮湿的环境中更容易被腐蚀D.玻璃钢、光导纤维和合成纤维都是有机合成材料4、同学们做完实验后的玻璃试管中常附着难清洗的物质，下列清洗方法错误的是（）A.内壁有碘的试管用酒精清洗B.内壁有铜粉的试管用稀硫酸清洗C.内壁有CaCO3的试管用稀盐酸清洗D.内壁有植物油的试管用洗洁精清洗）物质①②③④氧气409830102二氧化碳46425040A. ①代表肺静脉内血液B. ②表示肺泡处C. ③代表组织细胞D. ④表示流经大脑的血液6、2015年2月17日，《大河报》报道了发红的甘蔗中含有剧毒物质的事实。
报道中指出，因为发霉而变红的甘蔗中会产生一种名叫3－硝基丙酸(化学式为C3H5NO4)的剧毒物质，误食后会出现呕吐、抽搐等症状。
下列有关3－硝基丙酸的描述正确的是( )A. 3－硝基丙酸是一种氧化物B. 3－硝基丙酸的相对分子质量为119C. 3－硝基丙酸由3个C原子、5个H 原子、1个N原子和4个O原子构成D. 3－硝基丙酸中，碳元素与氧元素的质量比为3∶47、小亮是一个爱动脑、爱观察的中学生，最近，爸爸买了一辆新自行车，他仔细观察，认真研究自行车的结构后，有了许多新发现，下列说法中错误的是（）A. 手把连接前轮的转向机制是轮轴的运用B. 剎车把手是一个省力杠杆C. 自行车最好不要单独剎前轮，这样由于惯性，车子可能向前翻倒D. 前剎片是利用摩擦力使车轮减速的，同时在与地面的接触点产生向前的摩擦力来使车体减速评卷人得分二、填空题(共6题，共12分)8、•和。
专八历年英译汉真题讲解
2009-01-06 | 专业八级历年英译汉真题解析（1996-2000）1996年专八英译汉试题原文Four months before Election Day 1, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters 2 and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o'clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted 3. Even so, the men kept the door slut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting 4. Their aim was to devise a strategy 5 that would guarantee Ronald Reagan's resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans 6 with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican Party, men who understood presidential politics 7 as well as any in the country. The backdrop 8 of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation's economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed 9 , with plenty of money for a top-flight staff 10 , travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills 11. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America — a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government 12.【概述】本文是一篇典型的关于美国政治的时事杂文，用词色彩强烈，修饰语具有极端性和渲染性的特点。
专八历年翻译真题详解
【2001年8级测试英译汉】Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels1. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high2. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.Effort is the gist of it3. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties4. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains”5. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless6.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard of the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty7. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.【概述】这是一篇说理性的议论文，文章评论美国19世纪哲学家、思想家、作家亨利·大卫·梭罗对人生幸福的看法。
专八真题翻译答卷分析解析
4. “朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密”是个让步状语 从句，要体现出来。
5. “随便过头、不恭不敬”比较难译，可以考 虑转换视角成“朋友在一起的时候也应有礼貌、 互相尊重”。
每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间 过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲 突，造成隔阂。
学生版本一：Everyone hopes to own his own private room. When it is too causal for friend, they are easy to invade this forbidden area so thas are made.
2. 朋友之间和“合”与“交”其实是说关系融 洽，所以用become intimate或get along well
3. “绝”即断绝，意为“中止友谊”，可以考 虑用end，sever或break off，并与friendship 搭配。或者转换视角，翻译成“不再成为朋 友”。
朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密, 也不能随便过头、不恭不 敬。不然默契和平衡将被打破, 友好关系将不复存在。
学生版本一：No matter how familiar or how close between the friends are, we can’t be too causal, namely, we shouldn’t disrespect with each other. Otherwise the balance between friends will be broken and the good friendship will go forever.
待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下 了破坏性的种子。
学生版本一：Maybe it’s just a small matter to disrespect a friend, but by doing so you have sowed the destructive consequence.
专八英译汉
3．先死后活——表达原文的正确方法
中英思维方式有同有异，语言表述亦然。 我们在将英文翻译到中文时，就应该遵循 这样的思路，即当两者思维方式和表达习 惯相同或接近时，可以照原文直译，否则， 就要意译（活译）
When the automobile burst upon the dusty highways about the turn of the century, most Americans saw it as a horseless carriage, not as a prime mover of a new way of life. 本世纪初当汽车骤然出现在尘土飞扬的公 路上时，大多数美国人把它看成是不用马 的马车，而不是一种新的生活方式的原动 力。
When it comes to reading, they are as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可就是睁眼瞎。
At the beginning of term Ballmer memorized the names of all his classmates from the college register. He ran a student literary paper, managed a football team and even graduated.
Ballmer has said he is going to try to be less of a loudmouth or as he put it a ―bullheaded leader of people‖. But it is in part his aggression that got him where he is today.
Unlike Gates, who still looks like a pasty programming geek in his Armani suits, Ballmer looks like a man of 42 should: bald, virile and happy in his skin. He is seen as a cheer leader to Gates' introvert but the two have developed similar mannerism in the years they have worked together.
英语专八翻译篇（一）汉译英
专八辅导之翻译篇（一）汉译英一十大常用英汉与汉英翻译技巧二汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解(见书)1．词的翻译词义选择词类转换词的增补和减省词的替代2. 句的翻译确立主干（主语和谓语）语序调整正反转换语态对译长句翻译3. 段落翻译段落的衔接段落的连贯段落的文体三考生常见问题分析1. 词义虚假对等2. 词类混用3.冠词滥用4.数的概念混乱5.用词冗余6.句子结构机械对应7. 主次信息不分8. 语篇衔接不当四英语专业八级汉译英练习及参考译文一常用英汉与汉英翻译技巧英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。
常用的翻译技巧有重译法、增译法、省译法、词类转移法、语序调整法、分译法、正译法、反译法、语态变换法。
1.重译法（repetition）---在翻译中为了忠实于原文不得不重复某些词语。
其总用有三：为了明确、强调和生动。
通常在某些正式的应用文体中重复使用名次，其他时候往往重复宾语等。
例: We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们要分析问题，解决问题。
Aristocratic and democratic tendencies in a nation often show themselves in its speech. 民族中的贵族倾向和民主倾向常在其言语中表现出来。
Note: 在汉译英时，往往有两种情况：一是汉语重复，英译时也重复；二是按照两种语言各自的习惯以不同的表达方式重复。
英译汉时也同理。
例：这种人闹什么东西呢？闹名誉，闹地位，闹出风头。
译文：What are they after? They are after name, after position, and want to cut smart figures.大家庭有大家庭的难处。
A large family has its difficulties.If you didn’t succeed at first, try, try, try again.起初不成功，可以一试再试。
英语专业八级测试汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解.
(2意思表达需要
例1:
原文:世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。(2000真题
译文:The third-generation museums in the world are run on entirely new concepts.
will have to meet the new century with so much hope.
分析:―姿态‖在这里是抽象含义,即―态度‖,因此应译为attitude,而不是gesture或pose等表示具体动作的词。
例4:
原文:美国内部对中国政策究竟怎么样,我们还要观察。
译文:We still have to wait and see what China policy will be pursued by the American authorities. (the American government
(2表意模糊的词
有些汉语词语比较笼统,表意模糊,译成英语时应突破汉语重直觉、重表象的思维模式,寻求词语的确切含义。
例1:
原文:昨天看电影我没有买到好票。
译文:I did not buy a good seat for yesterday’s film.
分析:―好票‖比较笼统,实际上是指―好座位‖。
例2:
例4:
原文:农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多,因此欲望也小得多。(2006真题
译文:People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their desires are far less either.
专八翻译讲解
重在表达
English-Chinese Translation
9-10 Excellent translation The translation faithfully reflects all the original passage with only 1 or 2 minor lexical errors. It adequately reflects the style and tone of the original passage. The translation is elegant (appropriate choice of words, a variety in sentence patterns). 8-7 Good translation with few inaccuracies The translation reflects almost all the original passage with relatively few significant errors in comprehending individual words, phrases, sentences or ideas. The translation is readable (generally clear, smooth and cohesive).
词汇问题
形近词误译
novel: 经典/古典/阶级小说 bewildered/wild:困惑的/疯狂的 trait/strait/traitor: 特征/海峡/叛徒 多义词误译 cousin: 堂表兄妹（表妹） hero: 英雄（男主人公） beauty: 美女（美好的事物）
TEM8: Translation1 2) Common Problems Identified in the Examinees’ Work
1995-英语专八汉译英及参考答案
CHINESE TO ENGLISH乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。
但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。
晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。
我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。
”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。
乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。
”ENGLISH TO CHINESEEffort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life- engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleas u re of taking pains”. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary roles, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。
专八翻译英译汉讲解(全解析)
现在，天天都在隐瞒真相，愚弄公众，
这种做法是新闻界的耻辱。
No. 6
I walked to the ticket counter. When the ticketseller saw me, her otherwise attractive face turned sour, violently so.
于特征或形式
英国预计到了将会发生冲突，于是对
这一时期的边境政策作了调整。
No. 5
Every
day now, the suppression of truth and the organizing of public ignorance shame journalism.
– the suppression of truth隐瞒真相 – the organizing of public ignorance愚弄公众
– miscarriage: 流产；失误 – 注意accident，a decisive blunderer，attend 的理
解
出错者若处事果断，仍可意外取得成功； 才干出众者若优柔寡断，必然屡屡失误。
No. 8
In their rush, these companies have neglected the hardest part of doing business in China: the people part. The result is that many have jeopardized their performance in the long run.
No. 3
He
had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.
专八英译汉翻译
专八翻译 - 英译汉 英语专业八级考试（TEM-8）解析TEM-8 专业八级考试构成•听力部分（20%）：含10%迷你演讲+5%对话+5%新闻 •阅读部分（20%）：四篇精读 •人文知识部分（10%）：含10道选择题 •改错部分（10%）：含10道改错题•翻译部分（20%）：含10%中译英+10%英译中 •写作部分（20%）：一篇文章考试流程•8:15进考场，发草稿纸，试卷，答题卡。
•先做听力(25分钟)第一部分 MINI-LECTURE，放录音，学生先在草稿纸上做笔记，等放音完毕，发答题纸(ANSWER SHEET ONE)答题。
•10分钟后收听力试卷；•听力第二部分INTERVIEW和NEWS BROADCAST，以及阅读、人文知识。
•65分钟后第二次收卷(收答题卡)，发改错试卷；•15分钟后第三次收卷(收改错试卷)。
•然后发翻译答题纸，做翻译；•60分钟后收翻译卷发作文答题纸，开始写作。
•45分钟后收作文答题纸，草稿纸，试卷，考试完毕。
●一个真实案例：啥是真正的“翻译”?●有图没有真相：啥是错误的“伪翻译”?例子1：啥是真正的“翻译”–A: Will you attend the meeting this afternoon?–B: Will a duck swim?结论1：翻译就是要根据上下文推理出其真实的意思，才能使翻译更忠实作者的表达意图。
→ “信”•练习：①If you ever think he is lazy, think again. A:如果你认为他懒的话，再想一想吧 B:如果你认为他懒的话，那你就错了。
②When I say Chinese food, I mean Chinese food. A. 当我说中国菜时，我是指中国菜。
B. 当我说中国菜时，我说的是正宗的中国菜。
①昨天看电影没买到好票。
A. I didn ’t buy a good ticket for yesterday’s film. B. I didn ’t buy a good seat for yesterday ’s film.②他听完，心里一跳，脸色变了。
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No. 3
He
had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.
– disconcert: to upset the self-possession of;
ruffle 使…仓皇失措，使窘迫
于特征或形式
英国预计到了将会发生冲突，于是对
这一时期的边境政策作了调整。
No. 5
Every
day now, the suppression of truth and the organizing of public ignorance shame journalism.
– the suppression of truth隐瞒真相 – the organizing of public ignorance愚弄公众
– miscarriage: 流产；失误 – 注意accident，a decisive blunderer，attend 的理
解
出错者若处事果断，仍可意外取得成功； 才干出众者若优柔寡断，必然屡屡失误。
No. 8
In their rush, these companies have neglected the hardest part of doing business in China: the people part. The result is that many have jeopardized their performance in the long run.
现在，天天都在隐瞒真相，愚弄公众，
这种做法是新闻界的耻辱。
No. 6
I walked to the ticket counter. When the ticketseller saw me, her otherwise attractive face turned sour, violently so.
No. 1
He
who idles away the time is nothing but a living death.
– be nothing but: be only
虚度年华者，虽生犹死。（虚度年华者如 同行尸走肉。）
No. 2
No
greater misfortune befalls a country than to be governed by a tyrant. befall：happen to 国之大难莫过于暴君当道。
– jeopardize: endanger 危害，损害 – performance: something performed; an
accomplishment 业绩
这些公司在一拥而入之中忽略了在中国经 营最艰巨的问题，即人的问题，结果许多 公司严重损害了他们的远期经营业绩。
– her otherwise attractive face 她那原本颇为动人
的脸
我走到售票台。女售票员一看见我，她那 原本颇为动人的脸may put a decisive blunderer in the right, but eternal defeat and miscarriage must attend the man of the best parts, if cursed with indecision.
他有一种习惯让人受不了，意见反复
不定，一会儿一个变化。
No. 4
The
expectation of collision informed British frontier policy in this period.
– inform v. to give form or character to ：给