美国文化考试试题
美国文化1
Now fill in the blanks with some of the words above to complete the paragraph. (See Exercise Part 1-3)
KEY WORDS TODAY
Tiger Woods effect(Cablisnasian)
Q1. What are the two important factors that affect life in the United States?
Q2. What is cultural pluralism?
Understand Details
Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false according to the information in the chapter. (See Exercise Part 1-1)
There may be a synonym used in the same sentence.
※Native Americans belong to separate and distinct Indian nations, each with its own language, culture, and even government.
The sentence may give an example that helps you figure out the meaning.
※Tocqueville, however, was a neutural observer and saw both the good and bad sides of these qualities.
美国文化期末考试整理
BUILDING BLOCK 4 ——Control 1.What is destiny? Destiny is what you make of your life.2.3.What is destiny?InternaControlDestiny is what decides your life. What is destiny?Internal ExternalDefinition: Control is inside the individual. There are very few certainties in life, few circumstances which cannot be changed. There are no limits on what you can do or become, so long as you believe it and try hard. Your success is your own achievement. You are responsible for what happens to you. Life is about what you do.Definition: Control is outside the individual. Some things in life are predetermined, built into the nature of things. There are limits beyond which one cannot go and certain givens that cannot be changed and must be accepted. Your success is a combination of your effort and your good fortune (good luck). Life is about what happens to you.ExternalControlAmerican Proverbs of the Day:“Fortune favors the bold.”“Only in America”:Easter April 20, 2014first Sunday afterthe first full moon of springSecular:something that has nothing to do with religion.Sacred:Something that has to do with religion.Jesus:Lived from 3-36 AD- Religious teacher- His teachings were new and popular- Claimed to be equal with God- The government was afraid of his popularity and was worried he might cause a revolution- They ordered that he be killed by crucifixionChristians believe- Three days after his death, he came alive again on a Sunday- He taught for forty more days, then went up into heavenEaster Traditions = Secular1.Going to church2.Easter Eggs3.Easter Bunny :As the Chief Easter Bunny,it was his job to hide all the eggs for all the Easter egg hunts around the world.复活节兔子4.Easter Egg Hunt5.Easter MealExamples of American Internal ControlLarry Swilling（为妻子寻找合适的肾）1.) What is wrong with Larry’s wife? Why is this difficult for them?2.) What does he choose to do to help his wife? Why did he do this?3.) What happened? Was he successful?4.) How is this an example of Internal Control?Jim Valvano（篮球教练）1.) What three things does he say you should do every day?2.) How does he say you can be successful?3.) What did Jim Valvano decide to do with the remaining time in his life?4.) How is this an example of Internal Control?Janne Kouri（冲浪撞到沙堤，下半身瘫痪，靠恢复训练）Internal Control in American Movies橄榄球教练1.) The coach keeps talking about “inches.”What does he mean?2.) What does he believe his team needs to do to be successful?3.) How is this an example of Internal Control?1.) How does Rocky’s son feel about him fighting again?2.) How does Rocky describe life?3.) What is his advice for his son?4.) How is this an example of Internal Control?American Proverb of the Day:“If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.”Point: Never give up. It’s okay if you feel discouraged because you fail the first few times you try to achieve something. The key is to keep trying again and again until you are successful.Extra Proverb: “Winners never quit, and quitters never win.”BUILDING BLOCK 5————Communication1Opinions 绕弯还是直接2.conflict 3、American Proverb of the Day:“Don’t beat around the bush.”Poin t: Don’t talk around and around what you’re really wanting to say. Speak plainly and clearly. Being indirect takes too much time, effort, and potential for misunderstanding, and therefore is not efficient.Counterpoint: “Read between the lines.”To truly understand something, you have to get information where it is not obvious.“Only in America”：PoliticsPolitical StructureThree Powers:1.) Executive Branch--President, Vice President2.) Legislative Branch--Congress (Senate, House of Representatives) 3.) Judicial Branch--Supreme Court, lower Federal Courts Political PartiesExamples of American Direct CommunicationOverstatements：Americans tend to rely on hyperbole, extreme statements expressing something as very good or very bad, in much of their communication. T his is especially true among teenagers.When speaking with Americans, it is wise to remember this reality and adjust your expectations.Conflict Resolution：American tend to believe that if a conflict exists between two people, the best way to solve it is to get both people together and speak openly and directly about why they are upset.Various books give strategies on the best way to handle this, but the general idea is to confront the problem before it gets worse.Signs：In America, signs are everywhere. Most of these signs are concerning rules and regulations for traffic, but the idea is that people should be informed about what is and is not allowed in a given situation.Unfortunately, in some situations these signs can conflict and becomes confusing. DTR：When men and women begin dating in America, at some point in the process they must have the DTR, which means “define the relationship.”This is when they will speak openly and directly about how they feel about one another and if they want to begin dating “officially,”which means they are boyfriend and girlfriend and cannot date anyone else.Student-Teacher Interaction：In American education, it is expected that students will actively participate in lectures. This means they will regularly raise their hands to ask questions, clarify ideas, make statements, and challenge the teacher.If students don’t speak during a teacher’s lecture, it means they do not care about the material or do not respect the teacher.Information OverloadBecause Americans are so obsessed with information, they sometimes suffer from “information overload.”This means that they have received so much information about atopic, which is often contradictory, that they don’t know what to think or believe.A small example is shopping for a product online. Some of the reviews may state it as both a wonderful and terrible product. Who can you believe?Making ExcusesWhen refusing an invitation, it is expected that you will give clear and direct information to explain why you cannot do what the person has asked.This often creates a uncomfortable situation where a person must create or lie about an excuse because, in truth, they really just don’t like the person or the situation and don’t want to go. But saying “I don’t want to go”is considered too direct and rude. Taboo TopicsEven though Americans are much more direct than Chinese, they are still indirect about some topics. When speaking with Americans, you should be careful to avoid subjects that are taboo in American culture. Americans may feel it is embarrassing or rude to talk about these things openly and directly.Some of these topics include: money, appearance, race, sexual preference, and stereotypes.Monochronic Values in American MoviesAmerican Proverb of the Day:“Give it to me straight.”Point:This phrasing comes from cooking, which means to serve a dish with no extra spices, flavors, or sauces. It means I want to eat it plain. As a proverb, it means to speak directly, with no qualifications or unclear distractions.Counterpoint:“If you can’t say anything nice, don’t say anything it all.”This proverb is usually taught to children, teaching them that they shouldn’t criticize others and should focus on people’s positive qualities.BUILDING BLOCK 6 ————Authority1.GreetingsHigh power distance cultures often greet with a type of bow. There are rules about what type of bow is required of each person based on their status and importance. In many occasions both parties will bow to show respect.Low power distance cultures rely more on the handshake. This gesture comes from an ancient tradition to show that you have no weapons on you and come in peace. Still, some people can squeeze the hand harder than others to show power and authority.n Japan, for example, how far you bow is an indication of your status with the person you are bowing toward.cationHigh Power DistanceEmphasis on wisdom which is transferred in relationship to a teacher (guru)The role of a teacher earns automatic respect of his/her studentsTeacher-centered education (high value on order)Students expect teacher to initiate communicationStudents expect teacher to outline paths to followStudents speak up in class only when invited by the teacherTeacher is never contradicted nor publicly criticizedEffectiveness of learning related to excellence of teacherRespect for teachers is also shown outside classIn teacher/student conflict, parents are expected to side with the teacherOlder teachers are more respected than younger teachersLow Power DistanceEmphasis on truth that can be learned from principles and ideasA teacher should respect the independence of his/her studentsStudent-centered education (premium on initiative)Teacher expects students to initiate communicationTeacher expects students to find their own pathsStudents may speak up spontaneously in classStudents allowed to contradict or criticize teacherLearning related to amount of two-way communication in classOutside class, teachers are treated as equalsIn teacher/student conflicts, parents are expected to side with the studentYounger teachers are more liked than older teachers3.PoliticsIn high power distance cultures, political leaders are expected to instil confidence in their people by showing strong authority and strict rule. This is believed to create stability and peace in the country.In low power distance cultures, political leaders are expected to instil confidence in their people by showing themselves to be humble and equal to others. This is believed to produce creativity and initiative in the country.4.ParentingParents in low power distance cultures are generally less strict with their children. They believe that through giving children space to become their own person, they will have the freedom to grow, mature, and succeed as an independent adult.Parents from high power distance cultures tend to rely on very strict parenting styles, using physical force or heavy punishments to produce a child who is the kind of person that they believe will be successful.5.ReligionReligions in high power distance culture believe that only certain people can have contact with God, leaving most people to require intermediaries or a chain of leaders who can come between the person and the divine. Religion is more impersonal and requires leadership.Religions from low power distance cultures believe that every person can contact God directly, and thus religious leaders have less authority and need. Religion is more personal and requires less leadership.6.BusinessWork environments in low power distance cultures expect that workers will be able to complete projects and finish tasks on their own with little supervision. A boss is seen as a guide who may provide some guidance, but expects that people will work independently.Workers in high power distance cultures tend to be “micro-managed”more, where a boss or manager will supervise both the big and small aspects of their work, providing a lot of direction and criticism as the work is being done.Power Distance in the MoviesAmerican Proverbs of the Day:“The squeaky wheel gets the grease.”Point: If you have a problem, you should say something about it. Just like the wheel on your bicycle that is squeaking will get your attention, so will the person that complains about their situation get the attention to fix it.Bonus Proverb: “If you want something done right, you have to do it yourself.”You should take initiative to fix your problems. You can’t expect others to do things as you want them, so be independent and get it done.“Only in America”:educationSchool Options1.) Public School2.) Private School3.) Homeschool1.) Public School--Free--Provided by local district--Close to home--Quality can be good orbad depending on district--No uniforms-- Larger classrooms(20-30 students)2.) Private School-- Tuition, often expensive-- Provided by private group,often religious (Catholic mostcommon)-- May be close or far away-- Quality generally good-- Must wear uniform-- Smaller classrooms(15-20 students)3.) Homeschool-- Pay for books andcurriculum-- Taught by parents,local cooperations, orlocal colleges-- Convenient location-- Quality varies, butstudents must takestandard exams-- No uniform-- Smallest classroom (1 student)Differences between China & USA1.) No entrance exams2.) Boarding schools (students live at school)are not common3.) All general education (no science vs. art)4.) Elective classes in USA5.) Downtown vs. Suburbs6.) Time spent in school and studyingTypical American StudentDaily Schedule6:30AM –wake up 7:15 –leave for school 7:30 –class #1 (elective) 8:30 –class #2 (English) 9:30 –class #3 (Math)10:30 –class #4 (History) 11:30 –lunch 12:15 –class #5 (elective)1:15 –class #6 (Science) 2:15 –school over 3:00 –sports practice5:30 –come home 6:30 –homework 7:30 –talk with friends9:00 –watch TV 10:00 –go to bedFINAL EXAMFour Sections:1.) Multiple Choice2.) True-False3.) Short Answer4.) Essay5 short essay: 3-5 sentences 2 long essay: 8-10 sentencesWednesday, June 188:00-10:00AMRoom 1102Examples of American Low Power DistanceWhen choosing whom to vote for, Americans often favor the person who is most “normal”or most resembles themselves.This requires that when politicians campaign for office, they must meet with groups of people regularly and in every day settings to show their humility.“First Name Basis”Bosses and powerful people will often try to create a low power distance environment byrequiring that all people call each other by their first name, or “given name.”This enforces equality by eliminating titles and degrees that would make some appear to have power over others.Power ParanoiaAmericans are generally distrusting of power, and therefore do not like systems, businesses, or people who become too successful and hold too much power.This creates a strange contradiction in American culture where people are encouraged and driven to succeed (individualism, internal control) yet disliked once they become successful.ApproachabilityThe value of low power distance means that people should treat one another as equals in all situations, therefore creating an environment that values approachability.Approachability means that a person is friendly, outgoing, and easy to talk to. Many foreigners in America are surprised when people both above them (boss, teacher) and below them (shop worker, waitress) make small talk and ask them personal questions.Casual FridayA common feature in the American workplace is “Casual Friday.”This means that workers who would normally wear formal clothes to work are allowed to wear casual clothing on Fridays.This reinforces the friendly atmosphere of the workplace where people are treated as equals.WARNINGIt is important to know that while LPD is a strong American value, it is not valued by every American person. If you go to America, you may encounter people that do not have this value and will be offended if you treat them as an equal.So be careful when interacting with a boss, teacher, or someone who is very wealthy. Allow them to dictate the relationship and follow their lead. Be especially careful with someone who may be a first generation American.American Proverb of the Day:“Don’t get a big head.”Point: In America, a person with a “big head”is someone who is too proud, arrogant, and thinks they are better than others. This is a warning to people to remember that even though they are successful, they should be humble and to treat others well.BONUS PROVERB: “What goes up must come down.”While this is literally referring to the law of gravity, it proverbially refers to the reality that no one is successful forever. So you should remember to treat others well because you may need them later.电影与对应文化1.幸福来敲门及西部电影、橄榄球（American football）2.拯救地球（Universalism & Particularism）黑客帝国（particularism），两个黑人聊橄榄球（Universalism）例子：幸福来敲门、黑客帝国（Monochronic）橄榄球教练internal contral史泰龙，黑客帝国2电影：中美文化冲突电影：动画片传记。
美国文化试卷
Part I. True or False (20’)1.The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme law of the UnitedStates.2.The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, commonly referred to as theArticles of Confederation, was the first constitution of the thirteen United States of America.3.The United States Capitol is a building that serves as the seat of government for theUnited States Congress, the legislative branch of the U.S federal government. It is located in Washington, D. C. on top of Capitol Hill at the eastern end of the National Mall.4.Elections for President and Vice President of the United States are indirect electionsin which voters cast ballots for a slate of electors of the U.S. Electoral College, who in turn directly elect the President and Vice President.5.The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the United States. It is theoldest political party in the United States and among the oldest in the world.6.Over 60% of Americans are said to be Protestant believers.7.Mark Twain—Father of American Literature8.The most popular team sports in the U.S.A. — baseball, football, and basketball — areboth spectator sports and participatory sports.9.In the aftermath of World War I, many novelists produced a literature ofdisillusionment(幻灭). Some lived abroad. They were known as the “Lost Generation”.The two most representative writers of the “Lost Generation”were Hemingway and Fitzgerald.10.Rocky mountains are the largest mountains in U.S.Part II. Filling Blanks (2’*10=20’)1. 6.2. 7.3. 8.4. 9.5. 10.Part III. Mapping (1’*10=10’)2 3 456 789101Part IV. Vocabulary and Phrase Translation (1’*10=10’)1.Stars and Stripes2.core American values3.Manifest4.Gilded Age5.The Great Depression6.Cold War7.the Republican and the Democratic8.immigration9.Protestant and Catholic10.soap operaPart V. Answering Questions (2’*20=40’)1. Being a nation of immigrants, the United States has been compared to, metaphorically, a “melting pot,”a “salad bowl,”or even a “mosaic.”Which one do you think could be theAmerican label?2. What were the contradictions between the Federalists and the Republicans?答案Part I. True or False (20’)1-10 TTTTT TTTTTPart II. Filling Blanks (2’*10=20’)Part III. Mapping (1’*10=10’)Part IV. Vocabulary and Phrase Translation (1’*10=10’)11.Stars and Stripes 星条旗12.core American values 核心美国价值观13.Manifest 表明，显示14.Gilded Age 镀金时代15.The Great Depression 大萧条16.Cold War 冷战17.the Republican and the Democratic 共和党与民主党18.immigration 移民19.Protestant and Catholic 清教与天主教20.soap opera 肥皂剧，电视剧Part V. Answering Questions (2’*20=40’)Yes, they do.The population of the United States includes a large variety of ethnic groups coming from many races, nationalities, and religions. The process by which these many groups have been made a part of a common cultural life with commonly shared values is calledassimilation. Scholars disagree as to the extent to which assimilation has occurred in theUnited States.Some have described the United States as a "melting pot" where various racial and ethnic groups have been combined into one culture. Others are inclined to see the United States as a "salad bowl" where the various groups have remained somewhat distinct and different from one another, creating a richly diverse country.Perhaps the United States will be described not as a "melting pot" or a "salad bowl" but as a "mosaic"—a picture made up of many tiny pieces of different colors. If one looks closely at the nation, the individuals of different colors and ethnic groups are still distinct and recognizable, but together they create a picture that is uniquely American. As a nation which is composed of many, the motto of the United States is "Out of many, one."2. The Federalists were a powerful and wealthy party, made up mostly of northeastern merchants and entrepreneurs from the upper class. While the Republicans, known as the "party of the common man," were made up of southern planters.The Federalists were influential in New England and the northern part of the United States where big business thrived. In terms of political thought, the Federalists believed in strong government leadership and a loose constructionist interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that key philosophies were implied by or simply understood by the wording of the Constitution, and thus could be adapted to the day-to-day running of the government. They also supported improved relations with England over France.In contrast, the Republicans, known as the "party of the common man," were made up of farmers, small businessmen, and laborers, and influenced the southern and western parts of the United States, where agriculture was strong. The Republicans adopted a strict constructionist interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that if an issue wasn't written or referred to directly in the Constitution then the federal government had no authority to regulate or manage those affairs.。
美国文化考试试题
American Culture Which above concept describes these scenarios the best? 1.A policeman has just pulled over a older man for driving too fast. Police "Do you know why I pulled you over?" Older man "No. What's did I do wrong?" Police "You were driving 65 in a 45 zone. That's a 200 dollar fine." Older Man "Well that is a problem. I am a good friend to the police chief and I guess I will need to mention this to him. What did you say your name was?" Police "Actually, I have decided not to give you a speeding ticket this time. Just a warning. Well, have a nice day." Answer __________ 2.A Wal-mart employee observes one of their close friends who is also an employee steal an item from the store. He goes to his superior to report the incident. Employee "I saw John steal a bag of chips today." Superior "Thank you, I will deal with him." Answer__________ 3.Mac "John, I have fallen in love with Mary from class one. But there is a problem." John "What problem? Mac "My parents don't want us to get to date. They tell me that I need to focus on my school work." John "So what are you going to do?" Mac "There is nothing I can do except to listen to them." Answer__________ 4.Peggy "I have a dream to be a airplane pilot." Andrea "Awesome! Perhaps you should dream even bigger! Why not become an space pilot?" Peggy "I like the sound of that." Answer__________ 5.Nora "I won a footrace today." Lori "Nice! Did you win?" Nora "I tried my very best and won by a mile. Everyone else was way behind me." Lori "Did you feel bad by making the others look bad? Nora "Of course not, I just did my personal best." Answer__________ 6.Tom "Hey, Steven do you want to come over to my house?" Steven "I feel like I would be bothering you." Tom "No, you wouldn't. I am planning a big meal." Steven "No I couldn't. I would feel too embarrassed." Tom "I really want you to come." Steven "Alright, I guess I can come." Answer__________ 7.Billy "Hey Steven do you want to come over to my house?" Steven "Sure! I'll come over." Answer__________ 8.The student was walking to the library. He was getting ready to study for a very difficult exam. His exam was the next morning. Suddenly, the phone rang. Student "Hello?" Teacher "Hello, this is your professor." Student "Oh, hi professor!" Teacher "Are you available to help me with a project tonight? We are having guests come to our university. If you can help, all the guests, professors, and students will be grateful!" Student "Of course! I will help!" Answer__________ Multiple Choice: Please choose the best answer.1. What is the date of Valentine's day? a. January 21st b. February 14th c. September 25th d. Changes year to year 2. A place where you learn a trade/ occupation is a. Community College b. Mechanical school c. Technical school (Choose__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ C. Explain what the stereotypes of nerds, geeks, cheerleaders, and punks are. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D. Write 3 positives and 3 negatives about sending your child to a private school. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ E. What does it mean to go "Trick or Treating?" Make sure you include the holiday name and date. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ F. Describe the many the activities that are available to the American College student. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Essay Questions (Choose 2 of 4 (A, B, or C)). Should be between 200-300 words in length. Please write in complete sentences: A. After you graduate high school you have many options on what to do with your life. Explain each of these options are and why might a person choose to do this. Shoot for the Moon so you B. Choose to explain one of the two songs that we listened to in class ( can land on the Stars by Jin or Love Story by Taylor Swift.) What does it say about American culture? C. Write an essay on the American Holiday of Easter. Please include the history behind the holiday, and tell how it is celebrated in America in both the popular culture way and the traditional Christian way. D. Compare and Contrast Chinese and American cultural outlooks on life. Please include Achieved vs. Ascribed Status and a discussion on the different Locus of controls. 。
高中英语美国文化复习 题集附答案
高中英语美国文化复习题集附答案高中英语美国文化复习题集附答案1. Multiple Choice Questions1. In which year did the American Civil War end?a) 1865b) 1776c) 1945d) 1918Answer: a) 18652. Who is considered the founding father of the United States?a) George Washingtonb) Abraham Lincolnc) Thomas Jeffersond) Benjamin FranklinAnswer: a) George Washington3. Which of the following is a famous American landmark?a) Big Benb) Eiffel Towerc) Statue of Libertyd) Sydney Opera HouseAnswer: c) Statue of Liberty4. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?a) Thomas Jeffersonb) John F. Kennedyc) Franklin D. Rooseveltd) Abraham LincolnAnswer: a) Thomas Jefferson5. Which sport is considered America's favorite pastime?a) Soccerb) Baseballc) Basketballd) FootballAnswer: b) Baseball2. True or False Questions1. The United States has 50 states.Answer: True2. Thanksgiving is a holiday celebrated in the United States. Answer: True3. The American flag has 50 stars, each representing a state.Answer: True4. The Great Wall of China is located in the United States.Answer: False5. The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States.Answer: True3. Short Answer Questions1. Who was the first African American President of the United States?Answer: Barack Obama2. What is the capital of the United States?Answer: Washington, D.C.3. Who is the current President of the United States?Answer: Joe Biden4. Name one famous American inventor.Answer: Thomas Edison5. What is the national motto of the United States?Answer: "In God We Trust"4. Essay QuestionDescribe the significance of the Civil Rights Movement in American history. Provide examples of key events and individuals who played a role in the movement.Answer: The Civil Rights Movement was a pivotal moment in American history that aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. It spanned from the 1950s to the 1960s and was characterized by nonviolent protests, demonstrations, and legal battles.One key event of the Civil Rights Movement was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955. It was sparked by Rosa Parks, an African American woman who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. This act of resistance led to a mass boycott of the city's buses by African Americans, demanding an end to segregated seating. The boycott lasted for over a year and ultimately resulted in a Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation on public buses unconstitutional.Another significant event was the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963. It was organized by civil rights activists, including Martin Luther King Jr., and drew approximately 250,000 participants. During this march, King delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, calling for racial equality and an end to discrimination. The march increased public awareness of the civil rights movement and put pressure on the government to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964.Key individuals who played a role in the Civil Rights Movement include Martin Luther King Jr., who became the face of the movement due to his charismatic leadership and nonviolent philosophy. His efforts and speeches inspired millions of people to join the fight for equality. Other notablefigures include Rosa Parks, who sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and Malcolm X, a prominent civil rights activist who advocated for black empowerment through self-defense.The Civil Rights Movement resulted in significant achievements, such as the desegregation of schools, the end of Jim Crow laws, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which aimed to protect African Americans' right to vote. It laid the foundation for future social justice movements and transformed the landscape of American society.In conclusion, the Civil Rights Movement marked a turning point in American history. It was a struggle for equality and justice, led by courageous individuals who fought against racial discrimination. Through their efforts, they brought about lasting change and paved the way for a more inclusive and equal society.。
美国文化练习题
1-1______1. One factor affecting lifestyles in the United States is the different climates.______2. American Indians all speak the same language.______3. The dominant American culture was established by immigrants who came from southern Europe._______4. Throughout the history of the United States, more immigrants have come from English-speaking countries than any other countries.______5. Zangwill believed that immigrants would lose their native cultures and become something different when they came to the United States.______6.All immigrants want to assimilate to the U.S. culture completely; they have no desire to maintain their own culture.______7. U.S. immigration policy has stayed the same for the last 100 years.______8. The English Language has no adjective for United States and therefore uses the term American to refer to its people.______9. It is not possible to make generalizations about what Americans believe because they are so different.______10. Many of the characteristics of Americans which Alexis de Tocqueville observed in the 1830s are still true today.1-21. In what year did Alexis de Tocqueville come to visit the United States?2. In what year did Israel Zangwill write a play in which he used the term melting pot?3. What does Cablinasian mean, and who made up this word?1-3What qualities give people a national ___1___? Do they have to have characteristics that are ___2___ from those of other countries? The people who are part of a ___3___ group may feel they have a set of characteristics that differ from those of the majority in their country.2-11. Why would the __constitution________ of a country forbid titles of nobility? (titles such as "princess" or "sir")2. If there are no titles of nobility, how does a society recognize people with high social _status_________?3. Which do you think is more important to Americans, the well-being of the group or the _____individual_____?4. What do immigrants have to do to _____achieve_____ success in their new country?5. What are some of the natural _____resources_____ found on the North American continent?6. What ____benefit______ does a person get from being self-_reliant_________?7. When would it not be ____ethical______ to compete with someone?8. What country provided the language and the _________ for the political and economic systems of the United States?9. What problems might cause a person to need _____welfare_____________?2-21. Early settlers came to the North American continent and established colonies mainly because they wanted to be free from _______a______.a. the power of kings, priests, and noblemen.b. the influence of their families.c. the problems of poverty and hunger.2. There are no titles of nobility in the United States today because __c________________.a. no one likes aristocrats.b. the church does not allow it.c. they are forbidden by the Constitution.3. The price that Americans pay for their individual freedom is ______a____________.a. self-reliance.b. competition.c. hard work.4. The American belief in self-reliance means that _________________.a. receiving money from charity, family, or the government is never allowed.b. if a person is very dependent on others, he or she will be respected by others.c. people must take care of themselves and be independent, or risk losing their personal freedom.5. The American belief in equality of opportunity means that _________________.a. all Americans are rich.b. Americans believe that everyone should be equal.c. everyone should have an equal chance to succeed.6. In the United States, learning to compete successfully is ______________.a. part of growing up.b. not seen as healthy by most people.c. not necessary, because Americans believe in equality.7. Traditionally, immigrants have been able to raise their standard of living by coming to the United States because _____________________.a. Americans value money more than anything else.b. there were such abundant natural resources.c. the rich have shared their wealth with the poor.8. Americans see their material possessions as _____________________.a. having nothing to do with social status.b. the natural reward of their hard work.c. showing no evidence of a person's abilities.9. A belief in the value of hard work ______________.a. developed because it was necessary to work hard to convert natural resources into material goods.b. developed because the immigrants who came here had a natural love of hard work.c. has never been a part of the American value system because people have so much.10. In reality, such American ideals as equality of opportunity and self-reliance _______________a. do not exist because there is no equality in the United States.b. are always put into practice in the United States and truly describe American life.c. are only partly carried out in real life, but are still important because people believe in them.2-31. John Zogby is an American pollster who __________________________.2. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the right to ___________________________________.3. Millions came to the United States to ________________________________.4. The working poor have low-paying jobs that do not ___________________________.5. Of course, new immigrants continue to ____________________________.3-11. Although the overwhelming majority of Americans are Christians, all religions make important contributions to the American culture.a. things you give or do in order to help make something successful.b. official statements made by religious leaders to inspire people.2. In contrast to Catholic traditions, Protestant leaders had a different attitude toward work. They believed that the workof all people was holy.a. the opinions, feelings, or beliefs about somethingb. particular practice or customary behavior.3. The idea of mixing materialism (love of things) and religion may seem contradictory. Religion is considered to be concerned with spiritual matters, not material possessions.a. differentb. similar or almost the same4. Many businesses encourage their employees to do volunteer work, such as helping clean up parks or doing other community projects in their spare time.a. without being paidb. necessary or required5. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the idea of self-improvement is the experience of being "born again."a. uncertain or undecidedb. exciting and impressive6.America's religious heritage seems to have encouraged certain basic values that members of many diverse faiths find easy to accept. This has helped to unite many different religious groups in the United States without requiring any to abandon their faiths.a. to leave behind a particular idea or principleb. to try to convince others to join your religious faith3-2_____1.Although there is cultural pluralism in the United States, there is no religious pluralism._____2.The Protestant denominations (such as Methodist, Baptist, and Presbyterian) are all part of the Roman Catholic church._____3.No single church has become the center of religious life in the United States because the emphasis is on the individual, not a particular church._____4.Most of the settlers who came to colonial America to escape religious persecution in Europe were Catholics._____5. The Constitution of the United States separates church and state and forbids the government from ever establishing a national church._____6. Protestantism encourages a strong desire for self-improvement._____7. Some American Protestant leaders have said that people who are rich have been blessed by God._____8. The Protestant work ethnic is the belief that people should share their time and their wealth to help others._____9. A majority of Americans now consider themselves part of the religious, politically conservative movement._____10. The national religion of the United States is a mixture of religion and patriotism.3-31.In Protestantism, every individual is __________ responsible for his or her own soul.2. There was freedom of religion in the new nation. ___________, there were many Protestants who came seeking religious freedom.3. _________, some wealthy Americans, such as Andrew Carnegie in the 1900s, have made generous contributions to help others.4. Crowds _________ sang “God Bless America” in the weeks after 9/11.5. The Native American religions are studied today, ________ for their teachings about living in harmony with nature.6. __________ after 9/11, there was an outpouring of love, charity, and patriotism around country.7. Protestantism has __________ encouraged a strong and restless desire for self-improvement.4-11. The frontier experience began in about 1890 and is still continuing in the American West today.2. One reason why many Americans are still fascinated by the frontier period is that it represents a time when the traditional basic American values were expressed in their purest form.3. The settling of the frontier did little to affect the lives of the American Indians.4. Daniel Boone is an example of the earliest type of rugged individualist hero, a man who fights against the wilderness.5. The primary qualities of the American macho hero are intelligence, sensitivity, and caring for others.6. It is difficult for the average American to buy a gun, so very few people own them.7. Members of the NRA (and many gun owners) believe the right to own a gun is guaranteed in the United States.8. The can-do spirit came from the willingness of the pioneers to work together on a cooperative project for the good of all.9. On the frontier, family name and ancestry were more important than what a person could do.10. On the frontier, the rich and the poor rarely mixed, and social class was more important than in the more settled regions.4-21. In many action movies, the heroes are expected to be able to fight with their ____________.2. Some people prefer to _________ life on the frontier; they do not want to look at its negative aspects.3. If you are reading a book that is so interesting that you can’t put it down, you are _______ by the book.4. Frontier people were good examples of the American national values; these people _______ these values.5. In order to succeed, people living on the frontier had to overcome many difficulties and _________, such as clearing the land for farming.6. Americans like to remember the days on the frontier; they feel ____________ about the Old West.7.Some Americans worry that their children are becoming _________ to the violence and killing on television. It doesn't’t seem to bother them.5-11. In the aristocratic European nations the settlers left behind, the material wealth and comforts of the ruling classes were guaranteed by their birth.a. certain to happenb. unlikely to happen2. Unlike many countries where the love of material things was seen as a vice, a mark of weak moral character, in the United States it was seen as a virtue, a positive incentive to work hard, and a reward for successful efforts.a. encouragementb. discouragement3. Mass advertising crosses media; there are ads for movies on TV, and ads for TV shows in the movie theaters and at the beginning of movie videos.a. TV, radio, and newspapersb. interests and viewpoints4. Because Americans place such a high value on individual freedom, particularly freedom of speech, they have traditionally been very hesitant to censor, or even restrict, the flow of information by any means of communication.a. allowb. limit5. Americans viewed the material wealth and abundance of the United States as an ever-expanding pie that would continue to grow so that all people could get a bigger piece of a bigger pie.a. becoming largerb. becoming smaller6. The cost of maintaining a high standard of living has been rising, while the number of high-paying factory jobs has been declining.a. going upb. going down7. Many full-time minimum-wage-earners cannot afford to rent an apartment that is not subsidized by government funds.a. partly paidb. guaranteed to be safe8. Because of the profound effect abundance has had on the American belief system, a widespread perception of its decline could have important consequences.a. happening in many situationsb. happening in only a few situations5-21.Which of the following statements is not true?a. The European settlers found a North American continent that was rich in undeveloped resources.b. The values of the American people inspired them to develop a wilderness continent into a wealthy nation.c. The American government discouraged them from developing the natural resources.2. Tocqueville believed that in a nation such as the United States, where wealth and social position are not determined by birth, _____________________________a. the rich are not worried about keeping their wealth.b. everyone is worried about either acquiring wealth or holding on to it if they have it.c. people worry about money so much because they are basically very greedy.3. Americans probably think of themselves more as consumers than producers because _______________.a. few people are still farmers.b. they are influenced by mass advertising.c. they are concerned about competing on the international market.4. The spread of cable and satellite TV means that ____________________.a. there are no longer any public television shows available to watch.b. Americans now have to pay for every individual program they choose to watch.c. more people are now watching cable programs than network shows on NBC, ABC, CBS, or Fox.5. Americans believe that censorship of material on television _______________.a. should be extremely strict because children must be protected.b. is a difficult issue because they believe in the right of free speech.c. is the responsibility of the government, not the people who create the programs.6. The spread of cable and satellite TV has meant that _______________.a. more Americans watch the networks ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox than other channels.b. there is a virtually unlimited variety of television programs available.c. the number of people watching one program at the same time has increased dramatically.7. The “digital divide” means that ___________________________a. people who cannot afford a computer are at a disadvantage.b. people are divided between those who have digital television and those who do not.c.opinion is divided about the quality of digital cameras and television sets.8. Based on information in the What American Consumers Like section, which one of the these statements is true?a. Americans like new products and want to improve old ones.b. When buying a chair, most Americans would be more concerned about its beauty than its comfort.c. Most Americans don’t wear deodorants because they like the natural odors of the body.9. Which of these is implied, but not stated directly, in the What American Consumers Like section of the chapter?a. Fast food is as healthy as home-cooked food.b. Most of the cooking is done by women.c. Men use credit cards more often than women.10.The view that a country’s economy is an ever-expanding pie ________________.a. is held by most nations in the world today.b. is a belief held by Americans and reinforced by their experiences.c. is a belief that a country’s food supply will continually expand.5-31. Unlike many countries where the love of material things was seen as a _________, a mark of weak moral character, in the United States it was seen as a _________, a _________ incentive to work hard, and a reward for successful efforts.2. Tocqueville thought that Americans might be insecure if their material wealth could change so rapidly either _________ or __________ during a lifetime.3. Mass advertising reinforces the American’s self-image as a _________________.4. The goods that a country sends out of the country are called ______________.5. ______________ television has no commercials, and programs are paid for by donations and government grants.6. In order to maintain a good standard of living, some couples believe that they need two ______________.7. During times of economic __________, Americans become _________ about their future lives.6-11.______________, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to a competing business which treats its customers more fairly.2. Gaining success and status through competition is often seen as the American ___________ to systems where social rank is based on family background.3. Entrepreneurs often began as common people themselves; without the _______________of inherited social title or inherited money, they became "self-made" millionaires.4. A final characteristic of entrepreneurs which appeals to most Americans is their strong dislike of __________ to higher authority.5. Small businesses are also an important source of creativity and ___________ in the American marketplace, particularly in the field of technology.6. Arianna Huffington details how CEOs took huge sums of money from the ___________ they were managing and spent it on themselves.7. Americans' respect for their business institutions rises and falls in _______________, going back to the Industrial Revolution of the 1800s.8. Traditionally, Republicans have been in favor of a laissez-faire, or hands-off ___________ , and Democrats have favored more regulations and safeguards.9. Today, women hold about one-half of the professional specialty, executive, __________, and managerial occupations in the United States.10. Some businesses provide _________ working hours and day care centers in the building, but most do not.6-21. Most American businesses are directly or indirectly owned by the government.2. Most Americans believe that business supports ideals and values which are important to the country.3. Americans believe that competition among businesses is good for the economy but it does little to protect the freedom of the individual.4. To succeed in American business, Americans believe that family background and social position are more important than anything, including hard work.5. Most Americans believe t:hat success in business offers the best chance to fulfill the dream of being wealthy.6. The entrepreneur may be admired since he or she started a successful business from practically nothing.7. Women now make up about half of the workforce and are CEOs of about half of the large corporations in the United States.8. In the global economy, American businesses have become more competitive by hiring many new workers andenlarging their companies.9. CEOs have been criticized for spending large amounts of company money on themselves.10. Men and women who put their families first may have difficulty getting top managerial jobs in the United States.6-31. A government-run system of production and distribution of goods is seen as inferior.a. sharingb. givingc. supplyingd. collecting2. The people who, more than 100 years ago, built up the nation’s great industries, such as steel, railroads, and oil refining, were usually entrepreneurs.a. purifyingb. sellingc. cleaningd. improving3. The strong influence of the success stories of the early entrepreneurs can be found in the great popularity of the novels of Horatio Alger, which were published in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century America.a. producedb. printedc. hiddend. created4. There have also been instances of business leaders saving important corporations.a. strategiesb. examplesc. occasionsd. occurrences5. The World Bank estimates that exports make up about one-quarter of the global economic output.a.productionb.yieldc.goodsd.imports6. New small businesses provide temporary workers to companies that are outsourcing, and individuals find new ways to do business over the Internet.a. permanentb. passingc. limitedd. short-term7.Today, women make up about one-half of high-paying executive, administrative, and managerial occupations.a. employersb. jobsc. professionsd. employment8. A number of women are choosing to drop out of the workforce and stay home with their children or to find work they can do at home-working on a computer linked to their office, for example.a. connectedb. tiedc. separatedd. coupled9. One of the worst problems facing American women is that overall they earn about seventy-eight cents for every dollar earned by American men.a. on averageb. considering everythingc. generallyd. individually10. Many believe that this multicultural workforce will ultimately help the United States compete in the global marketplace.a.finallyb.firstlystlyd.eventually7-11. The way in which the national government is organized in the U.S. Constitution provides an excellent illustration of the American suspicion of governmental power.a. example that shows the truth very clearlyb. argument against an idea2. The judicial branch both interprets the law and determines whether the law is constitutional-that is, whether the law is permitted under the U.S. Constitution.a. explainsb. rejects3. The Senate has certain powers over foreign treaties and military actions.a. relating to legislative mattersb. relating to war4. This requires the president to have "the advice and consent of the Senate" before taking certain action on the international front.a. permission to do somethingb. a careful plan for action5. The Bill of Rights guarantees the right of a fair criminal procedure for those accused of breaking laws.a. punishmentb. method6. The recount found an even smaller margin, fewer than l,000 votes separating the two candidates.a.difference (in the number of votes)b.problem with the voting process7. After a series of legal challenges, the U.S. Supreme Court decided about a month after the election that the Florida state legislature had a right to stop recounting the ballots and certify the electoral votes.a. events that are related and have a particular resultb. events that break the law and have consequences8. The Great Depression of the 1930s greatly weakened the businessperson's position as the American ideal of the free individual, and big business lost respect.a. a time when there was not much business activity and many people had no jobsb. a time when there was much corruption and greed among business leaders9. The widespread unemployment and other economic hardships of the Depression gave rise to the assumption that individuals could not be expected to rely solely on themselves in providing for their economic security.a. promise that something will happen in the futureb. belief (that you think is true although you have no proof)10. Still, it is individuals, their rights, their interests, and their ambitions, not those of the nation as a whole, that are the focus of attention.a. emphasisb. difficulty7-21. Americans do not want to have a strong national government because ___________________.a. they are afraid of their political leaders.b. they are afraid it will put limits on their individual freedom.c. they are much more concerned with national glory2. The Constitution of the United States ___________________.a. gives by far the most power to Congress.b. gives by far the most power to the president.c. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others.3. The president of the United States ________________.a. has the power to make official treaties with foreign governments without the approval of Congress.b. can veto a law that has been passed by Congressc. is elected if his political party wins most of the seats in Congress4. The Bill of Rights ___________________.a. explains the rights of Congress and the rights of the president.b. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedoms.c. is part of the Declaration of Independence.5. The American ideal of the free individual ____________________.a. was exemplified by the farmers and the frontier settlers in the late 1700s and early 1800s.b. was exemplified by the businessman before the Civil War of the 1860s.c. caused the national government to grow in size and strength during the late 1800s.6. The number of electoral votes a candidate receives _______________.a. is determined by who wins the total popular vote nationwide.b. is determined by the states the candidate wins.c. is equal to the number of seats each state has in the House of Representatives.7. Which of these statements is true?a. George W. Bush became president in 2000 because he won a plurality of votes nationwide.b.The Supreme Court played a major role in the 2000 election.c. Most Americans dislike Social Security because they see it as a form of welfare.8. Stronger gun-control laws are favored by ______________.a. the National Rifle Association.b. most of the American people.c. very few Americans9. Which statement about lobby groups is NOT true?a. They have become less powerful in recent years.b. They try to influence the government and public opinion.c. They have caused the government to get larger.10. Which statement about the traditional stances of the political parties is FALSE?a. The Democrats believe that government should play a major role in solving society’s problems.b. The Republicans believe that business and the free market can solve society’s problems.c. The Republicans and the Democrats basically agree about the role of government and they have the same political beliefs.7-31.The Supreme Court both interprets a _____________ and determines whether it is constitutional.2. The president may veto a ____________ he doesn’t like and send it back to Congress.3. The Senate has to ratify a _________ that the president has signed.4. If an election is very close, a candidate may request that the officials recount the ____________.5. The president serves a ____________ of four years.6. The judicial branch settles _________ about the exact meaning of the law through court cases.7. The Democratic and Republican parties each nominate a ___________ for president.8-11. Scholars who see the United States as a "salad bowl" emphasize ___________________.a.the great extent of racial and ethnic assimilation in the United States.b. the many differences between different racial and ethnic groups in the United States.c. the rapid growth of the population of the United States.2. In American society, there are some members of ethnic groups (such as some Jews and Hispanics) that are bicultural; they feel that __________________.a. they are fully assimilated into American societyb. they do not belong at all to American society.c. they belong to American society, but at the same time they also have another separate identity.3. Which of the following was not a characteristic of the dominant American culture during the early decades of the nation's history?a. Catholicb. western Europeanc. middle-class4. Which of the following was true about the political bosses in northeastern cities during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?a. They were more afraid of new immigrants than were other Americans.b. They were more cruel to new immigrants than were other Americans.c. They were more helpful to new immigrants than were other Americans.5. Today ethnic groups in the United States ___________________.。
美国文化概况练习题及答案。
美国⽂化概况练习题及答案。
I. Choose the answer that best suits the question.1. In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A. FrenchB. SpanishC. ItalianD. English2. In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the ____.A. First Continental CongressB. Second Continental CongressC. Constitutional ConventionD. Independent Convention3. In American history，the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to Plymouth on board of ____.A. a French shipB. a British shipC. MayflowerD. an Italian ship4. ____ was not the main Reformation leaders.A.Martin LutherB. Martin Luther KingC. John CalvinD. The English King Henry VIII5. ____ was among the Founding Fathers of the American Republic.A. Abraham LincolnB. Franklin RooseveltC. Theodore RooseveltD. John Adams6. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____A. challenging the authority of the Pope.B. salvation through faith.C. salvation through the church.D. establishing a direct contact with God.7. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ________.A. the Appalachian MountainsB. the Rocky MountainsC. the Green MountainsD. the Blue Ridge Mountains8. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A. The American had the mixed blood of European or their descendants.B. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C. The American has the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D. The American had the blood of the English and their descendants.9. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. separation of state and church.B. respect of education.C. intolerant moralismD. a sense of mission.10. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.11. One of the oldest towns (landed in 1513) in the US is ___________.A. New YorkB. BostonC. PhiladelphiaD. St. Augustine12. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution13. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___A. George Washington.B. Thomas Jefferson.C. John Adams.D. John Locke.14. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?A. Catholics.B. Puritans.C. Quakers.D. Church of England.15. The birthplace of the country is in ____.A. New York CityB. PhiladelphiaC. WashingtonD. C. D. Lexington16. The clash at Concord and Lexington marked ____.A. the beginning of the War of IndependenceB. the beginning of the second Continental CongressC. a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significanceD. none of the aboveII. Fill in the blanks.1.The Declaration of Independence states that every man is equal and that theyare endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are ______, ______ and the pursuit of happiness.2.The first English permanent settlement in North America was called ______in ______(bigger place).3.American National Day is set on ______ so as to mark the adoption ofDeclaration of Independence.4.____________discovered the New World in 1492.5.In 1620, the first group of Puritans sailed to the New World by the ship_________ and named the new place where they settled down _________, the name of their starting place in England.6.__________ is the main author of Declaration of Independence?7.There were _____ states when the United States of America was founded.II.Explain the following termsBenjamin FranklinPuritanismIII.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What were some of the causes of the American War of Independence?2.What are the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?。
美国文化概况练习题及答案。（小编整理）
美国文化概况练习题及答案。
（小编整理）第一篇：美国文化概况练习题及答案。
I.Choose the answer that best suits the question.1.In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A.FrenchB.SpanishC.ItalianD.English2.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate.The meeting came to be called the ____.A.First Continental CongressB.Second Continental CongressC.Constitutional ConventionD.Independent Convention3.In American history，the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to Plymouth on board of ____.A.a French shipB.a British shipC.MayflowerD.an Italian ship4.____ was not the main Reformation leaders.A.Martin LutherB.Martin Luther KingC.John CalvinD.The English King Henry VIII5.____ was among the Founding Fathers of the American Republic.A.Abraham LincolnB.Franklin RooseveltC.Theodore RooseveltD.John Adams6.The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____A.challenging the authority of the Pope.B.salvation through faith.C.salvation through the church.D.establishing a direct contact with God.7.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ________.A.the Appalachian MountainsB.the Rocky MountainsC.the Green MountainsD.the Blue Ridge Mountains8.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A.The American had the mixed blood of European or their descendants.B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C.The American has the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D.The American had the blood of the English and their descendants.9.Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A.separation of state and church.B.respect of education.C.intolerant moralismD.a sense of mission.10.Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________A.there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B.the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C.there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D.the English king did not like the plan.11.One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513)in the US is ___________.A.New YorkB.BostonC.PhiladelphiaD.St.Augustine12.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution13.The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___A.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.John Adams.D.John Locke.14.Which of the following was NOT adenomination of Protestantism?A.Catholics.B.Puritans.C.Quakers.D.Church of England.15.The birthplace of the country is in ____.A.New York City B.PhiladelphiaC.WashingtonD.C.D.Lexington16.The clash at Concord and Lexington marked ____.A.the beginning of the War of IndependenceB.the beginning of the second Continental CongressC.a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significanceD.none of the aboveII.Fill in the blanks.1.The Declaration of Independence states that every man is equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are ______, ______ and the pursuit of happiness.2.The first English permanent settlement in North America was called ______ in ______(bigger place).3.American National Day is set on ______ so as to mark the adoption of Declaration of Independence.4.____________discovered the New World in 1492.5.In 1620, the first group of Puritans sailed to the New World by the ship _________ and named the new place where they settled down _________, the name of their starting place in England.6.__________ is the main author of Declaration of Independence?7.There were _____ states when the United States of America was founded.II.Explain the following termsBenjamin FranklinPuritanismIII.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What were some of the causes of the American War of Independence?2.What are the major ideas in the Declaration ofIndependence?第二篇：概况模拟题(八)美国文化英语考研英美概况模拟题（八）美国文化部分CultureI.Multiple Choice1.In America the academic year lasts nine months, from September to _____, with winter and spring vocations.A.JulyB.JuneC.August2.In elementary schools, courses for children include the following except _____.A.reading, writing B.social coursesC.foreign languagesD.sciences, art and musicE.cooking or other manual skills3.The American teachers’ pay and prestige are _____ in comparison with the general standard of living.A.highB.lowC.almost the same4.There are over _____ universities, colleges and other institutions in the United States.A.2,000B.2,500C.3,0005.Today more than _____ of all the private colleges have some kind of church connection.A.1/3B.1/2C.1/56.The library in _____ was the first private library in the US.A.Harvard College B.Yale CollegeC.College of New Jersey7.The first public library was founded in 1731 in _____.A.BostonB.PhiladelphiaC.Chicago8.At present America has more than _____ free public libraries.A.6,000B.5,000C.7,0009.VOA Radio Station was established in _____.A.1924B.1934C.189410.All the newspapers and magazines in America are _____ owned.A.publiclyB.privatelyC.locally11._____ is the winter sport in American schools and colleges.A.FootballB.BasketballC.Baseball12.It was the _____ immigrants in the mid-19th century who introduced skiing into the United States.A.ScandinavianB.DutchC.French13.101 American people won the Nobel Prize after _____.A.WWIB.Civil WarC.WWII14.At the end of WWII the art centre of the world moved from _____ to the new world.A.ParisB.LondonC.Berlin15.The famous story _____ helps Washington Irving earn great fame in the literary world.A.“Rip Van Winkle”B.“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”C.“The Adventures of a German Student”16._____ is regarded as the father of detective stories.A.Mark TwainB.Edgar Allan Poe C.Herman Melville17._____ is the first writer in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature.A.Sinclair LewisB.Saul BellowC.Ernest Hemingway18.Yale University was founded in _____.A.1701B.1746C.174919.The greatest American playwright is _____.A.Arthur MillerB.Eugene O’Neil C.Robert Frost20._____ belonged to the Lost Generation.A.Ernest Hemingway B.Wilt WhitmanC.Tennessee Williams21.The most popular sport in America is _____.A.baseballB.basketballC.football22.After his death a bust of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was placed in the poet’s corn er of _____.A.Westminster AbbeyB.camp of Cambridge UniversityC.Oxford University23.For his work, _____ was honoured “The Harlem Laureate”.A.Robert ngston Hughs C.Walt Whitman24.Arthur Miller’s Masterpiece is _____.A.Death of a SalesmanB.The CrucibeC.The Price25._____ is the earliest university in America.A.HarvardB.YaleC.Rhode Island26._____ serves as a bridge which connects secondary schools and universities.A.Four-year college B.Two-year college C.College of arts and science27.Junior college in America is _____.A.two yearsB.three yearsC.four yearsD.five years28._____ is closely associated with the Rockefeller Interest Group.A.New York Times B.Washington Post C.Los Angeles Times29.The tuition in a private college is _____.A.highB.rather highC.quite lowD.tolerable30.In America about _____ of the universities and colleges are private.A.1/2B.1/3C.1/4D.1/531.Hawthorne is a famous American writer in _____ fiction.A.romanticB.realisticC.JewishD.southern32.The most influential newspapers are the following except _____.A.New York TimesB.Washington PostC.Los Angeles TimesD.Wall Street Journal33.Readers’ Digest is a _____ magazine which is published in 15 languages and 39 editions.A.weeklyB.monthlyC.biweeklyD.triweekly34.The major wire services in America are the following except _____.A.the Associated PressB.the United Press InternationalC.the Columbia Broadcasting System35.From 1901 to 1978, 117 Americans won the Nobel Prize, holding _____ of the world Nobel Prize winners.A.halfB.one-thirdC.one-fourth36.Blues is a music of strong rhythm, which was originally sung by _____.A.NegroesB.IndiansC.Europeans37.The Father of American literature was _____.A.Mark TwainB.Washington Irving C.Walt Whitman D.Jack London II.Fill in the Blanks1.American children usually begin their school at the age of _____.2.An elementary school teacher must have a _____ degree of arts with a major in education.3._____, one of the most famous universities in the world, was founded in 1686.4.About _____ percent of the high school graduates can be admitted by universities or colleges.5.There are four grades in universities.They are freshmen, _____, junior and senior.6.About _____ of all the colleges and universities are private.7.A department consists of faculty members raging from full professors to _____.8.The tuition in a _____ college is very high.9.The Library of _____ is the largest public library in the U.S.10.The Franklin D.Roosevelt Library is in _____ Park, New York.11.The academic degrees in America are the Bach elor’s, the _____ and the Doctor’s degrees.12.VOA Radio Station is in the city of _____.13.In 1965 the U.S.A launched the first communication space satellite “_____ _____”.14.The major wire services in America are the _____ Press and the United Press International.15.The popular magazine _____ _____ has the largest circulation in the world.16.VOA now sends news to the whole world in _____ languages day and night.17._____ is the most popular game in autumn.18.Wrestling, boxing, horseracing are called _____ sports.19.The Dutch introduced _____ into the New York areas in the 17th century.20.In the year _____ the first satellite was launched in America.21.From 1901 to 1978 there are 117people in America won the _____ Prize for the research of natural science.22.The Metropolitan Museum and other two museums located in the city of _____ _____.23.Gilbert Stuart is considered America’s first great _____.24._____ is the earliest and the best film studio in America.25.Gone with the Wind was the best known of all _____ films.26.In 1915 the first major feature film Birth of a _____ was made.27.Before the 1960’s many _____ had not been given the right to receive education.28.The American children usually graduate from high school at the age of _____.29.A high school teacher usually has majored in the field of his special interest and in addition, he must have a _____ arts degree in education.30.The University of _____ has more than 128,000 students.31.The students who are working for a bachelor degree are called _____.32.Today about 5 million men and more than 3 million women attend colleges and universities, of which about _____ percent are coeducational.33.Two-year college were originally called “_____ colleges”, but now they are called “_____ colleges”.34.A four-year col lege is often called a “_____ _____ college” or a “college of _____ and _____”.35.One of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit or “credit hours”, or “_____”.36.VOA has _____ broadcasting stations, sending news to the whole world in _____ languagesday and night.37.The first music in the American colonies was _____ music.38.Jazz music developed out of the music of the early American _____.39._____ _____ was considered the father of American literature.40.Hawthorne’s best novel is The _____ _____.41._____ _____ is the pen name of Samuel L.Clements.42.Whitman is remembered for his poems The _____ of _____.43.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is considered_____ _____’s masterpiece.44.Ernest Hemingway belonged to the _____ generation.45.The best novel written by Theodore Dreiser is “_____ _____ _____”.46.The novel Martin Eden was written by _____ _____.47._____ _____ became pessimistic and committed suicide at the age of 40.48.The two main successful novels written by Sinclair Lewi s are “_____ _____” and “_____”.49.“_____ _____ _____ _____ _____” earned Ernest Hemingway a Nobel Prize in literature.III.Define the Following Terms1.credit2.The Library of Congress3.spectator sports4.Jazz music5.VOAIV.Answer the Following Questions1.What do American schools lay emphasis on?2.What are the characteristics of American literature during the 17th and 18th centuries?英语考研英美概况模拟题（八）美国文化部分答案：Part IIII.BCBABABBCBAABAABAABAAABAABAABCADCCBABII.1.6bachelorHarvard60sophomore1/4instructorsprivateCon gressHyde Master’sWashingtonEarly BirdAssociatedReaders’ Digest41Footballspectator bowling1958NobelNew YorkartistHollywoodromanticNationNegroes18masterCalifornia undergraduate85Junior, Communityliberal arts, arts, sciencepoints16churchNegroesWashington IrvingScarlet LetterMark Twain Leaves, GrassMark TwainlostThe American TragedyJack LondonJack LondonMain Street, BabbitThe Old Man and the Sea第三篇：英美概况美国历史练习题英美概况美国历史练习题I.Multiple Choices1.The history of the U.S.is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A.1620 B.1607 C.17762.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A.Maryland B.South Carolina C.Delaware D.Colorado3._____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A.John CabotB.MagellanC.BalboaD.Cartier4.The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A.simpleB.easyC.roughD.hard5.The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A.1765, 1766 B.1764, 1765 C.1763, 17646.The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A.Philadelphia B.Boston C.New York7.The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A.1776, 1784 B.1775, 1783 C.1706, 17148.Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A.Gettysburg B.Pittsburgh C.Trenton9.The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A.New York B.Saratoga C.Bunker Hill10.On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A.Yorktown B.BostonC.Charleston11.The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to_____.A.The Articles of the Confederation B.Bill of RightsC.Civil Rights12.The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A.the Bill of Rights B.the Articles C.Civil Rights13.After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A.WashingtonB.New YorkC.Philadelphia14.The“Common Sense” was written by _____.A.Thomas Edison B.Thomas Paine C.Thomas Jefferson15.The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handedwhich was called _____.A.the “Intolerable Acts” B.Un-American ActivitiesC.the Sedition Act 16.The greatestmade by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A.abolishing the Sedition Act B.reducing taxesC.purchasing Louisiana from France17.The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____.The U.S.won the war.A.1812, 1814 B.1813, 1815 C.1814, 181618.As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A.1/4 B.1/2 C.1/319.In 1844 the U.S.forced the Chinese Government to sign the firsttreaty of _____.A.WangxiaB.Nanjing C.Tianjin20.The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A.50, 1781 B.13, 1781 C.13, 178721._____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington's administration.A.New York B.Chicago C.Boston22.It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A.Alexander Hamilton B.Thomas JeffersonC.George Washington23._____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A.John Adams B.Thomas Jefferson C.James Madison24.The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A.James MadisonB.James MonroeC.John Adams25.The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance's program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A.Monroe Doctrine B.Sedition Act C.Holy Alliance26._____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A.John AdamsB.Andrew JacksonC.Andrew Johnson27._____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A.Douglas Bill B.Monroe DoctrineC.Sedition Act28.During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared theof slavery.A.Homestead Bill B.Emancipation ProclamationC.Both A and B29.The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A.Bull Run B.Gettysburg C.Richmond30.The first imperialist war took place between the U.S.and _____ in 1898.A.Britain B.France C.Spain31.The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A.Abraham Lincoln B.Andrew JohnsonC.Thomas JeffersonD.George Washington32.In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A.Woodrow Wilson B.William H.TaftC.Theodore RooseveltD.Warren G.Harding33.Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A.New York B.Chicago C.Washington34.In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A.first B.second C.third35.McCarthy wasfor his harsh _____of thepeople.A.religiousB.spiritualC.political36.The Ku Klux Klan was the mostterrorist society which persecuted the _____.A.blacks B.Indians C.people37.On August 14, 1914, the U.S.and Britain issued a joint communiqué called _____.A.the Teher an Declaration B.the Atlantic CharterC.the Washington Proclamation38.In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the“_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A.Open Door Policy B.Big Stick C.Douglas Bill39.The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____,for about four years.A.1913, 1917 B.1914, 1918 C.1915, 191940.The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A.Axis, Allies B.Holy Alliance, AxisC.Central Powers, Allies41.Theof a(n)_____ prince, Arch Duke Ferdinand, served as the direct fuse for theof WWI.A.Australia B.Belgium C.Austria42.Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A.33 B.38 C.3943.The frequent emergence of the economicin the U.S.A.led to the followingeffects except _____.A.inflation B.the rise of pricesC.the decrease of populationD.the decrease of the purchasing capacity44.In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.New York C.Philadelphia45._____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A.48 B.47 C.4546.At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union,the U.S.and Britain discussed the problem of opening the secondin Europe.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Casablanca47.In July 1945, Britain, the U.S.and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam toan occupationand set up a program for the future of Germany.The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A.CairoB.TeheranC.PotsdamD.Quebec48.The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A.the Allies and the Axis(powers)B.the Axis and Holy AllianceC.the Central Powers and the Allies49.The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A.Paris Treaty B.Versailles Treaty C.Teheran Treaty50.The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945.At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N.etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Potsdam51.The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A.1920 B.1918 C.191952.The munist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A.Levestone B.William Foster C.Earl Browder53.The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A.1929, 1933 B.1933, 1937 C.1924, 192954.The programmer of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished toin was called _____.A.Eisenhower Doctrine B.Marshall Plan C.Truman Doctrine55.The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A.Vietnam War B.Cold War C.Korean War56.In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO tothe military actions of member nations against the _____.A.GermanyB.JapanC.Soviet Union57.The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A.1939, 1945 B.1937, 1943 C.1938, 194558.After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A.the Allies, the Axis Powers B.the USSR, the USAC.the old capitalist countries, the new ones59.There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970's.A.six B.five C.seven60.The President Franklin D.Roosevelt proposed acalled _____ to save the economic situation.A.Good Neighbor B.the Open Door PolicyC.the New Deal61.The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A.Midway Island B.BritainC.Normandy62.In Feb._____ came President Nixon'svisit to China.A.1979B.1972C.197363.In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A.the Korean War B.the Vietnam War C.the US-Spanish War64.On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbor, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A.Spanish B.French C.Japanese65.The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A.13 B.50 C.4866.The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A.the eastern B.the western C.the northern67._____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A.TheEnglish King B.the local governmentC.the local people68.The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.both A and B69._____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A.King George I B.King George IIIC.King George II70.In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.Chicago C.New York71.President Nixon visited China in _____.A.1973 B.1974C.197272._____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A.Theodore RooseveltB.George WashingtonC.FranklinD.RooseveltD.Thomas Jefferson73.The city's name “Philadelphia” means _____.A.love B.pitC.philosophy答案： 1-5 BDBBA 6-10ABCBA 11-15AABBC 16-20CABAB 21-25AABAA 26-30BABBC 30-35AABAC 36-40ABABC 41-45CBCAA 46-50BCABA 51-55CBABC 56-60CABAC 61-65 ABACA 66-70AABBA 71-73CCA第四篇：美国政治制度概况美国政治制度概况Political institution（政治制度）1．The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.It was draw up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于1787年，生效于1789年。
America Culture test 美国文化考试题目
.
29) ______ How were farmers affected by The Great Depression?
a)They lost their farms and homes.
b)They made greater profits.
b)False
.
7) ______ Most of the Spanish Armada sank in a sudden storm off the coast of
England.
a)True
b)False
.
8) ______ Elizabeth dressed in a suit of armor and declared she had the stomach of a
a)True
b)False
.
19) ______ Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote a novel about the Puritains called "The Scarlet
Letter"
a)True
b)False
.
20) ______ Mary Tudor was known as "Bloody Mary."
Catholicism from England helped create the United States of America. Do this in
your own words individually. Your essay answer is worth 25 points. You will be
美国历史文化复习题
美国历史文化复习题一、填空题：1、1776年7月4日，大陆会议通过了杰弗逊执笔的《独立宣言》。
2、1862年5月，林肯政府颁布了《宅地法》。
3、1941年3月，国会通过《租借法》。
4、1865年3月，美国国会通过法令，建立美国第一个联邦福利机构--自由民局。
5、1896年，联邦最高法院在“普莱塞诉佛格森案”的判决书中认为这符合“隔离但平等”的原则。
6、1966年，佛里丹创建了全国妇女组织（NOW），标志着女权运动的复兴。
7、美国东部夏令时间22时56分，指令长阿姆斯特朗成为人类历史上第一个登上月球的人。
8、1973年5月14日，美国成功了第一个实际投入长期使用的空间站--“天空实验室”空间站。
9、1891年，美国国会通过了《森林保留法》。
10、1962年，海洋生物学家蕾切尔.卡逊出版了《寂寞的春天》。
11、1997年12月在日本京都签署了《京都议定书》。
12、威廉.福克纳与厄内斯特.海明威一起被称为20世纪美国两位“天才小说家”，是“迷惘的一代”的代表。
二、选择题：1、马丁.路德.金为了通过斗争改善黑人的命运，提倡非暴力不合作。
2、布克.华盛顿发起“塔斯克基运动”，是一场温和的黑人自救运动。
3、杜波依斯于1895年获哈佛大学博士学位，是该校的第一位黑人博士，出版了《黑人的灵魂》。
4、20世纪上半叶，有两位美国总统（富兰克林.罗斯福、杜鲁门）在黑人问题上做了不少工作。
5、美国妇女追求男女平等为核心目标的思想体系--选举权。
6、现实主义文学的代表人物是德莱赛，其代表作：《嘉莉妹妹》、《珍妮姑娘》、《欲望三部曲》，为左翼文学开辟了道路。
7、威廉.福克纳的代表作--《喧哗与骚动》8、厄内斯特.海明威的代表作--《老人与海》、《太阳照样升起》。
9、喜剧演员查理.卓别林的作品--《城市之光》、《摩登时代》、《大独裁者》。
10、美国传统（主流）的价值观：民主政体、自由原则、个人主义。
11、文化创新者：指的是那些追求一种“跨现代”的价值观的人，他们对环保、新女权主义、民权、全球问题等。
美国文化考试题库
1.What is the name of American national flag? What does it consist of? And what does eachpart represent?The national flag of the United States of America, often simply referred to as the American flag, or nicknamed as "Stars and Stripes", "The Star-Spangled Banner", consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain and became the first states in the Union.2.Being a nation of immigrants, the United States has been compared to, metaphorically, a“melting pot,” a “salad bowl,” or even a “mosaic.” Do these metaphors help us understand the complex nature of the United States? And how?Yes, they do.The population of the United States includes a large variety of ethnic groups coming from many races, nationalities, and religions. The process by which these many groups have been made a part of a common cultural life with commonly shared values is called assimilation. Scholars disagree as to the extent to which assimilation has occurred in the United States.Some have described the United States as a "melting pot" where various racial and ethnic groups have been combined into one culture. Others are inclined to see the United States as a "salad bowl" where the various groups have remained somewhat distinct and different from one another, creating a richly diverse country.Perhaps the United States will be described not as a "melting pot" or a "salad bowl" but as a "mosaic"—a picture made up of many tiny pieces of different colors. If one looks closely at the nation, the individuals of different colors and ethnic groups are still distinct and recognizable, but together they create a picture that is uniquely American. As a nation which is composed of many, the motto of the United States is "Out of many, one."3.Three primary characteristics of the American landscape are its insulation from Europe andAsia (by the Atlantic and Pacific oceans), its expanse and variety of resources, and its natural network of waterways. Until the 20th century, these factors eliminated the need for large standing armies, offered economic self-sufficiency, and provided internal mobility.To what extent have these and other physical features encouraged national integration of the U. S.?American’s insulation from Europe and Asia made the country far away from the WWI and WW2 and protected it from the danger of the wars, which gave it the world supremacy while all of the European countries declined after the wars. On the other hand, its expanse and variety of resources andits natural network of waterwaysoffer economic self-sufficiency, and provide internal mobility. All of the characteristics of the American landscape have guaranteedthe safety of the country and the economic and the technological growth.4.The regional culture of the United States is varied and distinctive. Describe, briefly, thethree or four regions in the U. S., giving particular attention to their importance, respectively, to American culture.The United States can be traditionally divided into seven geographical regions. They are New England, the Middle Atlantic States, the Midwest, the South, the Great Plains, Rockies and Intermountain region or the American West, the Pacific Coast, and the New States.The northeast(the New England) is associated with core American values. Most of the prominent symbols of American nationalism are concentrated here. It’s the financial center of American. There’re many banking houses here, such as J. P. Morgan, Chase Manhattan. The New York Stock Exchange is also in this region. In general, the New Englanders are famous for their serious & self-reliantcharacter.Today, New England is the least religious part of the U.S.While the south, is famous for its past image, which is called slow talking and slow thinking. In most people’s mind, the people in south live a life based on legacies of slavery and racism. It is the so-called “The most religious, least educated, and lowest paid area in the country”. But the southerners are well known for their hospitality.The people in Midwest are known for their honesty and down-to-earth directness. It is interesting that the region produces far more big-time basketball players per capita than the national average. It isthe agricultural breadbasket, meatpacking, and dairyland of the nation. It is also a region of great industrial and manufacturing cities, including Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Milwaukee.Midwesterners are more conservative than Californians and less sophisticated than New Yorkers.West has the big states and small population. There are the great plains and the great American desert in the region. It is a region of scenic beauty on a grand scale, such as the Grand Canyon, Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings, Hoover Dam, etc.Californian cities are known for their tolerance. As a rule interpersonal relations are marked by a live-and-let-live attitude. So Californians are eager to try new fads.5.What are the general characters of the Rocky Mountains?The Rockies are the backbone of the continent. Compared to the other mountains in American, they are very young. They are more than twice as high as the Appalachians and high enough to receive more precipitation than the surrounding plains and plateaus. Consequently, they are mostly forested. The striking and varied scenery of the Rockies has given rise to the establishment of many national parks here. The mountains are so high, rough and irregular that make the scenery impressive. The most famous one is the Yellowstone National Park which covers an area of about 9,000 square kilometers. It is in the northwest corner of Wyoming, but also takes up part of Montana and Idaho. Yellowstone has about 3,000 geysers and hot springs. It also has mud volcanoes, fossil forests, and volcanic glass.6.What were some of the causes of the American Revolution?书上答案：In 1763, the British government began to tax its American colonies more heavily and also tried to increase its control over the colonies. England wanted to sell the colonies all the manufactured goods the colonists’trade with other countries. England also prohibited westward expansion into American territories reserved for the Indians. But the increased taxation caused the most trouble. Eventually, the colonists refused to pay the new taxes on stamps, tea, and other imports. As a result, relations between the mother country and its colonies went from bad to worse.其实下面这个答案也蛮不错~(1) Potential source of conflict: Increasing differencesBy the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America had developed a similarAmerican pattern in politics, economy and cultural life and enjoyed the same frontier environment. Because the English people and Europeans had become Americans and they had formed a new identity. So they were ready to separate themselves from the old world.Political: “no taxation wit hout representation.”Economic: British mercantilist policies vs. the growth of American economy. They feared that new taxes would make trading difficult, and the British troops stationed in the colonies might be used to crush the civil liberties which they had enjoyed.(2) Direct conflictAfter the French and Indian war, the British government began to charge new taxes on sugar, coffee, textiles and other imported good. The American thought that “Taxation without representation is tyranny." The colonists refused to obey the British law, so British soldiers were sent to Boston.(3) Fuse: In 1773, a group of patriots responded to the tea tax by staging the Boston Tea Party, which directly led to the revolution.7.What were the contradictions between the Federalists and the Republicans?（没时间的话只抄横线部分）The Federalists were a powerful and wealthy party, made up mostly of northeastern merchants and entrepreneurs from the upper calss. While the Republicans, known as the "party of the common man,"were made up of southern planters.The Federalists were influential in New England and the northern part of the United States where big business thrived. In terms of political thought, the Federalists believed in strong government leadership and a loose constructionist interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that key philosophies were implied by or simply understood by the wording of the Constitution, and thus could be adapted to the day-to-day running of the government. They also supported improved relations with England over France.In contrast, the Republicans, known as the "party of the common man," were made up of farmers, small businessmen, and laborers, and influenced the southern and western parts of the United States, where agriculture was strong. The Republicans adopted a strict constructionist interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that if an issue wasn't written or referred to directly in the Constitution then the federal government had no authority to regulate or manage those affairs.8.What are the results of the Louisiana Purchase?The Louisiana Purchase (French: Vente de la Louisiane "Sale of Louisiana") was the acquisition by the United States of America of 828,800 square miles (2,147,000 km2) of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana in 1803.The U.S. paid 60 million francs ($11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000), for a total cost of 15 million dollars for the Louisiana territory ($217 million in today's currency).[1][2][3]The Louisiana Purchase encompassed all or part of 14 current U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. The land purchased contained all of present-day Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, parts of Minnesota that were west of the Mississippi River, most of North Dakota, nearly all of South Dakota, northeastern New Mexico, the portions of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide, and Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, including thecity of New Orleans. (The Oklahoma Panhandle, and southwestern portions of Kansas and Louisiana were still claimed by Spain at the time of the Purchase.) In addition, the Purchase contained small portions of land that would eventually become part of the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. The purchase, which doubled the size of the United States, comprises around 23% of current U.S. territory.[2] The population of European immigrants was estimated to be 76,556 as of the 1810 census.[4]The purchase was a vital moment in the presidency of Thomas Jefferson. At the time, it faced domestic opposition as being possibly unconstitutional. Although he felt that the U.S. Constitution did not contain any provisions for acquiring territory, Jefferson decided to purchase Louisiana because he felt uneasy about France and Spain having the power to block American trade access to the port of New Orleans.9. Do you know the phrase “Manifest Destiny?”Manifest Destiny was the 19th century American belief that the United States was destined to expand across the continent. Many Americans at that time believed that the United States was clearly meantto overspread and possess the whole continent. They believed they could take it if the owner could not keep them out.• A blessing for the less progressive people•Settlement—exploration and discoveryAdvocates of Manifest Destiny believed that expansion was not only wise but that it was readily apparent (manifest) and inexorable (destiny).Manifest Destiny was always a general notion rather than a specific policy. The term combined a belief in expansionism with other popular ideas of the era, including American exceptionalism and Romantic nationalism. While many writers focus primarily upon American expansionism when discussing Manifest Destiny, others see in the term a broader expression of a belief in America's "mission" in the world, which has meant different things to different people over the years.10.What are the major causes for the American Civil War?美国内战书上答案：The issues were slavery and secession. In the agricultural southern states , blacks forcibly brought from Africa were used as slaves to work on tobacco and cotton farms and do housework. In the industrial North, slavery was illegal. In the northern states, where there were only small farms, the economy had little use for large numbers of agricultural workers. Moreover, northerners opposed slavery as inhumane. In order to protect their right to keep slaves, the southern leaders decided that the southern states should separate from the Union and form a new nation----The Confederate States of America.11. When was the period referred to as the Gilded Age? What were the features of the 1920s? What were the important events and movements in post-World War I America?In United States history, Gilded Age refers to the period following the Civil War and Reconstruction, running from the late 1860s to 1896.The Gilded Age was a period of widespread economic growth as the United States jumped to the lead in industrialization ahead of Britain. It was a decade of prosperity when many electrical appliances were invented, such as refrigerators, ranges, washing machines, and vacuum cleaners to fans, razors, and mixers. Movies became popular at that time. It was an age of creativity.The 1920s was the third decade of the 20th century. It is sometimes referred to as the Roaring Twenties or the Jazz Age. It was a time of rebellious youth cultureand was full of fresh viewpoints and new ways of behaving.. It also was an era of standardization and mechanization.During the time of post-World War I, women suffragists in American demonstrated for the right to vote. Almost at the same time, Prohibition began on January 16, 1920 when the Eighteenth Amendment went into effect. From the year of 1919 to 1933, the sale and manufacturing of alcoholic drinks were made illegal by the Eighteenth Amendment.12.What effect did the ideals of the free individual have on the development of the government before the Great Depression of the 1930s? Why?（我查了《美国背景》的答案）From the end of the Civil War until the Great Depression of the 1930s, the successful business person replaced the farmer and the frontier settler as the ideal expression of the free individual. The prevailing view of Americans during this time was that government should not interfere in the activities of business. If it were to do so, it would threaten the development of free individuals whose competitive spirit, self-reliance, and hard work were developing the United States into a land of greater and greater material prosperity. Government, therefore, remained small and inactive in relation to the great size of the nation and the amount of power of business corporations. There were some government regulations over business during this period, but these had only a small impact on business practices.（p131）13 What major effect did the Great Depression have on the government?(我参考美国背景上的答案)The Great Depression of the 1930s greatly weakened the businessperson’s position as the American ideal of the free individual, and also created the need for emergency government action to help the needy on a scale never before seen in peacetime. As a result,the idea that government should be small and inactive was largely abandoned.The widespread unemployment and other economic hardships of the Depression gave rise to the new assumption that individuals could not be expected to rely solely on themselves in providing for their economic security. This new assumption, in turn, led to a large and active role for the national government in helping individuals meet their daily needs.(美国背景p131) In one word, the Great Depression turned the government into the “big government”.14. What were the basic ideas of the New Deal? Please comment on it.书上答案：Roosevelt’s New Deal grew into what became a permanent “welfare state”that provide payments for retired persons, government checks for the unemployed, support for families with dependent children and no father to provide income, health care for the poor and the elderly, and other benefits for needy persons.The New Deal was a series of economic programs implemented in the United States between 1933 and 1936. The programs were a liberal response to the Great Depression, and focused on what historians call the "3 Rs": Relief, Recovery, and Reform. That is, Relief for the unemployed and poor; Recovery of the economy to normal levels; and Reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.Many historians distinguish a "First New Deal" (1933–34) and a "Second New Deal" (1935–38), with the second one more liberal and more controversial. The second New Deal turned leftward.Economic, the New Deal was a mixed success.It did show, however that some economic security would not destroy fundamental political freedoms. The New Deal greatly increased the size and the responsibility of government. It also vastly increased the power of the government.The New Deal represented a significant shift in political policy in the U.S., with its more lasting changesbeing increased government control over the economy and money supply, intervention to control prices and agricultural production, the beginning of the federal welfare state, and the promotion of trade union organizations.15. What do you know about the Cold War?By one reckoning, the ColdWar began in the 1945-1948 timeframe, and ended in 1989, having been a dispute over the division of Europe. By another account, the ColdWar began in 1917 with the Bolshevik Revolution, and ended in 1991 with the collapse of the Soviet Union, having been a conflict between Bolshevism and Democracy.The ColdWar was the most important political and diplomatic issue of the later half of the 20th Century. The main ColdWar enemies were the United States and the Soviet Union. The Coldwar got its name because both sides were afraid of fighting each other directly. In such a "hot war," nuclear weapons might destroy everything. So, instead, they fought each other indirectly. They played havoc with conflicts in different parts of the world. They also used words as weapons. They threatened and denounced each other. Or they tried to make each other look foolish.The term "ColdWar" was first used in 1947 by Bernard Baruch, senior advisor to Harry Truman, the 33rd president of the United States, in reference to the frequently occurring and exacerbating crises between the United States and the former Soviet Union, despite having fought side-by-side against Nazi Germany in the Second World War.16. How did America become the super power with world hegemony after WWII?Of all the combatants in World War II, the U.S. suffered little or no war damage (apart from a Japanese balloon attack in the Pacific Northwest which did little damage). World War II marked the United States as the world's superpower on economy, politics, science, military, and even culture. Through the United Nations, the United States successfully led the post-war world political order; Through the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, it remarkably led Western military; and through the Breton Woods system, it brilliantly gained the control of global finance. And then, after the Soviet Union collapsed, it made the world enter into the era of the United States.17. The U.S, Constitution is the “supreme law of the land.” What do you know about the U. S. Constitution? What kind of government does it outline?美国背景P320It is the basic law from which the US government gets all its power. It is the law that protects those who live in the USA from unreasonable actions by the national government or or any state government. It keeps the balance of power of the country.The Constitution was adopted on September 17, 1787, by the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and ratified by conventions in eleven states. It went into effect on March 4, 1789[1]. The first ten amendments are known as the Bill of Rights. The Constitution has been amended seventeen times (for a total of 27 amendments) and its principles are applied in courts of law by judicial review.The Constitution guides American society in law and political culture. It is the oldest charter of supreme law in continuous use, and it influenced later international figures establishing national constitutions. Recent impulses for reform center on concerns for extending democracy and balancing the Federal budget.The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America. The first three Articles of the Constitution establish the rules and separate powers of the three branches of the federal government: a legislature, the bicameralCongress; an executive branch led by the President; and a federal judiciary headed by the Supreme Court. The last four Articles frame the principle of federalism. The Tenth Amendment confirms its federal characteristics.18. What are the major contents of Federalism embodies in the U. S. Constitution? Can you name two powers reserved to the states and illustrate them?CZY修改：(1)The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America. The first three Articles of the Constitution establish the rules and separate powers of the three branches of the federal government: a legislature, the bicameralCongress; an executive branch led by the President; and a federal judiciary headed by the Supreme Court. The last four Articles frame the principle of federalism. The Tenth Amendment confirms its federal characteristics.The power to govern is divided between the national government, located in Washington, D.C., and the state governments. Laws passed by Congress must be authorized by the the U.S. Constitution. That is what meant by the statement that the United States government gets all its powers from the Constitution.(2)All matters over which the federal government does not have power can be regulated only by the individual states. For example, State governments have the power of conducting election. They can also fund the local government. The ownership of property, divorce, and education are some of their jurisdictions.The individual states are given the power to pass any law that is not prohibited by the Constitution.19. Can you give examples to illustrate how the powers of the Federal Government are separated among three branches of the government? What was the underlying idea as the founder saw it?The legislative branch is called Congress. The job is to pass laws. Before a law is passed, it is called a bill. In order to become a law, a bill must be approved by a majority f each house of Congress and the president. If the president vetoes a bill, it can still become law if at least two-thirds of the members of each house of Congress override the veto by voting for it when it is voted on again.The president is the nation’s chief executive. As such, he must see that all national laws are carried out. The president also spends much of his time making decisions aboutforeign policy. A very large staff of advisers and other employees assist the president. The vice president is the only other elected person in the executive branch. His only function is to be become president upon the death, resignation, or disability of the president.The judicial branch consists of the federal courts, including the highest court of the U.S., the Supreme Court. One of the unusual features of the American judicial system is the power of the courts to declare legislation unconstitutional and the, therefore, void. The power of the federal government is limited by the Constitution. Federal laws cannot violate the terms of the Constitution.Federal laws are in some way controlled or affected by all three branched of government-Congress makes them; the president approves and enforces them; and the courts determine what they mean and whether they are constitutional. This is one example of the government’s system of checks and balances, by which each branch of government prevents improper actions by the other branches; if any one of the three branches starts to abuse its power, the other two may join together to stop it.The scope of the Constitution is twofold. Firs t, “to form a more perfect Union” than had previously existed in the “perpetual Union” of the Articles of Confederation. Second, to “secure the blessings of liberty”, which were to be enjoyed by not only the first generation, but for all who came after, “our posterity”.20.In the United States, who has more power, the president or Congress? Why do you think so?（第3题）这题的答案可以参考上题，重复一下三权分立，然后说各自有各自的权力吧。
美国文化试题(基础题)
Culture Knowledge Contest（American Culture）August 31, 2014Part I Single-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.1. The strong American belief in individualism can be divided into idealism and ____________.[A ] realism [B] protestantism[C] materialism [D] volunteerism3. “Priesthood of all believers” means ____________.[A] every priest must be a devoted believer[B] every believer should confess to God through the priest[C] every believer is his or her own priest[D] every priest should be responsible for the believers4. Which of the following statements about American education is TRUE?[A] The majority of the private schools are associated with particular churches.[B] Religious schools that serve middle-class students receive money from the national government.[C] After twelve years of school, American students receive a bachelor’s degree diploma at graduation.[D] American schools attach the greatest importance to developing students’ academic skills.5. Which of the following statements about American Frontier is TRUE?[A] The frontier experience began in about 1890 and is still continuing in the American West today.[B] There are two types of heroic rugged individualists: man against wilderness and man against man.[C] The settling of the frontier did little to affect the lives of the American Indians.[D] The can-do spirit came from the willingness of the pioneers to work together on a cooperative project for the good of all.6. Most American people strongly believe in individual freedom, and therefore they do NOT like ____________.[A] being self-reliant [B] making a lot of money[C] a big government[D] religious freedom7. The American saying “Say what you mean and mean what you say” reflects that American people value ____________.[A] competition [B] optimism[C] performances [D] assertiveness8. American culture is also a culture of its own and above everything else ____________ is most important.[A] diversity [B] individuality[C] nationality [D] unity9. One of the most important values associated with American Protestantism is the value of ____________.[A] self-improvement [B] equality of opportunity[C] optimism [D] rugged individualism11. The strong American belief in individualism has strengthened American’s ____________ and hard work.[A] inventiveness [B] promptness[C] frankness [D] assertiveness12. In the U.S., the president can ____________ a bill from Congress, but the bill can still become law if at least ____________ of the members in each house vote for it when it is voted on again.[A] void, 1/3 [B] void, 2/3 [C] veto, 1/3 [D] veto, 2/313. Scholars who see the United States as a “salad bowl” emphasize____________.[A] the great extent of racial and ethnic assimilation[B] the distinct differences between racial and ethnic groups[C] the rapid growth of population[D] the great diversity in religious beliefs14. In American society, the “boomerang kids” refers to ____________.[A] the children living with the single parent[B] the children born in 1950s[C] the children returning home after graduation from college[D] the children living separately from their parents16. The presidential election in the United States is held every ____________ years.[A] 2 [B] 4[C] 6 [D] 817. ____________ was American’s first president.[A] George Washington[B] Thomas Jefferson[C] James Madison [D] Andrew Jackson18. The Cold War was the continuing state of conflict, tension and competition that existed after World War II. On the one side were the ____________ and its satellites, and on the other were the powers of the Western world under the leadership of the United States.[A] Germany [B] Cuba[C] the Soviet Union [D] Britain19. Child education in the United States is compulsory. The ages for compulsory education vary by state beginning at ages ____________ and ending at the ages of fourteen to eighteen.[A] four to five [B] five to six[C] six to eight [D] five to eight20. According to the US Constitution, Congress’s essential function is to ____________.[A] declare laws [B] pass laws[C] make laws[D] execute laws21. The Senate is the upper chamber of Congress. It consists of 100 members, with ____________ senators elected from each state, regardless of the size of the state’s population..[A] one [B] two[C] three [D] four22. The history of the English language is divided into three periods. The period from 1150 to 1500 is known as the ____________.[A] Old English period [B] Anglo-Saxon period[C] Middle English period[D] Modern English period23. The first permanent English settlement in North America was ____________.[A] Philadelphia [B] Plymouth[C] Jamestown [D] Boston24. ____________ is the symbol of the American Democratic Party.[A] The donkey [B] The bull[C] The bald eagle [D] The elephant25. Who is the only American president to have served more than two terms?[A] Bill Clinton [B] George Washington[C] Franklin D. Roosevelt[D] Abraham Lincoln27. ____________ are the two major political parties in the United States.[A] The Labor Party and the Independence Party[B] The Independence Party and the Republican Party[C] The Republican Party and the Labor Party[D] The Democratic Party and the Republican Party28. The upper chamber of the American Congress is called ____________.[A] the House of Commons [B] the Parliament[C] the House of Representatives [D] the Senate31. ____________ a popular tourist destination in Hollywood. It comprises more than 2,500 five-pointed stars which bear the names of a mix of actors, musicians, directors, producers, musical and theatrical groups, fictional characters, and others.[A] Hollywood Walk of Fame [B] Hollywood Boulevard[C] Universal Studios [D] Disneyland32. “A man is not made for defeat … A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” From which novel is this passage taken?[A] In Our Time [B] A Farewell to Arms[C] The Old Man and the Sea [D] For Whom the Bell Tolls33. The national anthem of the United States is ____________.[A] The Battle Hymn of the Republic[B] God Save the Queen[C]The Star-Spangled Banner[D] American Soldier34. ____________ was a singer, songwriter, actor, dancer, businessman, and philanthropist. He was called the King of Pop. He popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk.[A] Michael Joseph Jackson[B] Bob Dylan[C] Beetles [D] Elvis Presley35. ____________ is a street in Manhattan, New York. There are a lot of theatres at both sides of the street and it has become a synonym of musicals.[A] the 5th Avenue [B] Avenue de New-York[C] Park Avenue. [D] Broadway36. ____________ is often regarded as the greatest American woman poet and she wrote over 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.[A] Anne Bradstreet [B] Robert Frost[C] Emily Bronte [D] Emily Dickinson40. ____________ is an American syndicated talk show that aired nationally for 25 seasons from 1986 to 2011 and remains the highest-rated talk show in American television history.[A] Daily Show [B] Oprah Winfrey Show [C] Talent Show [D] Ellen Show41. In America, ____________ are given to recognize outstanding work in the television industry.[A] Grammy Awards [B] Tony Awards[C] Academy Awards [D] Emmy Awards42. ____________, located in New York City, is the largest art museum in the United States and one of the ten largest in the world.[A] The Metropolitan Museum of Art[B] National Museum of American Art[C] Hirshhorn Museum[D] National Museum of Air and Space45. ____________ is a film about a German businessman who saved the lives of more than a thousand mostly Polish-Jewish refugees during the Holocaust by employing them in his factories.[A] The Pianist [B] Schindler's List[C] Sophie’s Choice[D] Pearl Harbor46. When is Halloween celebrated every year?[A] On October 31 [B] On February 14[C] On May 30 [D] On November 1147. American Independence Day falls on ____________.[A] May 30 [B] October 31[C] March 20 [D] July 448. Thanksgiving Day is originated in ____________.[A] England [B] America [C] Scotland [D] Canada49. April Fool's Day began in ____________.[A] America [B] Germany [C] France [D] Italy50. When first introduced to someone, one should address and be addressed as Miss, Ms., Mrs. or Mr. followed by the ____________. [A] first name [B] surname[C] nick name [D] middle name51. Among the five Great Lakes, only ____________ is wholly within the United States.[A] Erie [B] Superior [C] Michigan [D] Huron52. If you are invited to a business lunch, ask ____________ what he or she recommends before placing your order, so that you will have an idea as to an appropriate price range for your meal.[A] the restaurant owner [B] the waiter[C] the chef [D] the host53. How many dimes is a US dollar?[A] 10 [B] 5 [C] 25 [D] 454. How many cents is a US quarter?[A] 10 [B] 5 [C] 25 [D] 455. Marriage in America is considered ____________.[A] more important to the parents [B] a pure religious affair [C] rather burdensome [D] a pure individual matter56. When was Coca-Cola first created?[A] In 1765 [B] In 1885 [C] In 1925 [D] In 199557. The KFC (chain restaurants from the United States) is the abbreviation of which of the following?[A] Kentucky Fried Cake[B] Kentucky Fried Chicken[C] Kentucky Frying Cake[D] Kentucky Frying Chicken58. Which number is unlucky in Western culture?[A] 7 [B] 8 [C] 13 [D] 1460. Handshaking is a popular tradition among professionals in America. Handshaking should be ____________ and last between 3-5 seconds. [A] extended [B] interrupted[C] light [D] firm61. There are ____________ states in the United States of America.[A] 46 [B] 48 [C] 50[D] 5262.____________ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.[A] Florida [B] Louisiana [C] Alaska[D] California63. ____________ is known as the nation's "breadbasket" because of its abundant production of oats, wheat, and corn.[A] The North [B] The South[C] The Midwest [D] The Mideast64. ____________ is the coldest and deepest of the five Great Lakes.[A] Superior[B] Huron[C] Michigan [D] Ontario65. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the ____________ river.[A] Delaware [B] St. Laurence[C] Hudson [D] Potomac66. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount ____________.[A] Appalachian [B] Mekinley[C] Rocky [D] Great Smoky67. The 1970s and early 1980s saw the onset of stagflation. After his election in 1980, President ____________ responded to economic stagnation with free-market oriented reforms.[A] Jimmy Carter [B] R onald Reagan[C] George Bush [D] Bill Clinton68. Seattle, a household name in many movies such as Sleepless in Seattle or Finding Mr. Right (北京遇上西雅图), is a coastal seaport city in the state of ____________.[A] California [B] Massachusetts[C] Washington [D] New York70. ____________ has developed a big steel-making industry and is the largest producer of iron and steel in the United States.[A] Chicago [B] Detroit[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans71. ____________, bordering on Lake Erie, is a famous automobile town. It is the home of American gods: Ford, General Motors and Chrysler. [A] Chicago [B] Detroit[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans72. ____________ was the first company to introduce assembly lines for mass production of cars.[A] General Motors [B] American Motors Corporation[C] Chrysler [D] Ford74. "Steve" Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) is the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc., an American multinational corporation headquartered in the world-famous Silicon Valley in ____________. [A] California[B] Texas[C] Arizona [D] Florida75. Bill Gates, who formally dropped out of Harvard in his junior year, is the former chief executive and chairman of Microsoft Corporation, an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, ____________.[A] Colorado [B] Ohio[C] Washington[D] Virginia78. The Grand Canyon, a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of ____________, is known for itsvisually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape. [A] New Mexico [B] Wisconsin[C] Louisiana [D] Arizona79. As a prominent American landmark, the Golden Gate Bridge has been one of the most internationally recognized symbols of ____________. It has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers.[A] Los Angeles [B] San Francisco[C] Washington D.C. [D] New York80. Already a huge tourist attraction and favorite spot for honeymooners, ____________ is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario and the state of New York.[A] Iguasu Falls [B] Victoria Falls[C] Angel Falls [D] Niagara Falls81. ____________, widely held to be the first national park in the world, is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful Geyser, one of the most popular features in the park.[A] Yellowstone [B] Great Smoky Mountains[C] Grand Canyon [D] Yosemite82. In late ____________, the NBA Playoffs (季后赛) begin..[A] May [B] April[C] March [D] June83. Broadcast on live TV to a world-wide audience, Armstrong stepped out of ____________ 11onto the lunar surface and described the event as "one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."[A] Challenger [B] Columbia [C] Apollo[D] Discovery84. ____________ is the United States government agency that is responsible for the civilian space program as well as for aeronautics and aerospace research.[A] CIA [B] NACA [C] NASA[D] NSA85. All of the following festivals are of some religious nature except ____________.[A] Easter [B] Thanksgiving[C] Halloween [D] Memorial Day87. ____________ is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time. He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years.[A] "Tiger" Woods[B] Venus Williams[C] Michael Phelps [D] Jeremy Lin88. The US Open is a hardcourt ____________ tournament which is held annually in late August and early September over a two-week period. [A] golf [B] ice hockey[C] tennis [D] cricket90. The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in ____________.[A] San Francisco [B] Washington D.C.[C] Los Angels [D] New York CityPart II Multiple-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the ones that you think best complete the statement or answer the question.1. The U.S. President can decide ____________.[A] what foreign policies to make[B] who become the judges of the federal courts[C] whether the law is unconstitutional[D] who should be included in the cabinet2. The John Harvard statue i s actually nicknamed the “st atue of three lies” because of all the inaccuracies inscribed on it. They are____________.[A] That isn’t John Harvard.[B] John Harvard wasn’t the founder of Harvard University.[C] Harvard wasn’t founded in 1638.[D] Harvard was originally called the New College. And its mission was to train clergy.3. Which of the following presidents had been impeached when they were in office?[A] Richard Nixon [B] Bill Clinton[C] Andrew Johnson. [D] Jimmy Carter4. Which two universities worked together to create a new non-profit venture---EDX?[A] Yale University [B] Stanford University[C] Massachusetts Institute of Technology[D] Harvard University6. English as a language borrowed a lot of words from the following languages: ____________.[A] Latin [B] Greek [C] French [D] German7. Which of the following English words came from Chinese?[A] zebra [B] Tai Chi [C] ketchup [D] mahjong8. Which of the following are the descriptions of Uncle Sam?[A] He has long white hair and a beard.[B] He wears a waistcoat and striped trousers.[C] He wears tall hat with a star.[D] He used to be an inspector of army supplies.10. We have different ways of saying “cheap”. Which of the following phrases are right?[A] On sale [B] A good deal [C] A bargain [D] A steal12. The United States has one of the largest diplomatic presences of any nation. Only a few countries don’t have formal diplomatic relations with the United States. They include ____________.[A] Laos [B] Vietnam [C] North Korea[D] Cuba13. In most public schools and private schools in the United States, education is divided into three levels: ____________.[A] elementary school, [B] middle school[C] higher school [D] high school15. The possible reasons why many American parents would choose to homeschool their children are ____________.[A] they wish to add religious instruction[B] they feel they can more effectively tailor a curriculum to suit an individual student’s academic strengths and weaknesses[C] they can’t afford a school[D] they feel that the negative social pressures of schools are harmful to a child’s proper development16. Which of the following higher institutions are members of the Ivy League?[A] Yale University.[B] Columbia University[C] Harvard University[D] Princeton University17. Of the following words, which ones belong to British English?[A] lift[B] truck[C] elevator [D] lorry18. British English and American English are two major geographical varieties of English spoken respectively in Great Britain and the United States. Their distinctions can be seen in the following aspects ____________.[A] pronunicaiton [B] spelling[C] grammar [D] vocabulary19. Suspicious of any power concentration, the framers of the American Constitution distributed power among the three branches of the federal government. The three branches are ____________.[A] Congress[B] the executive branch[C] the judicial branch[D] the supreme court20. The major powers of the American Congress include ____________.[A] levying federal taxes[B] regulating commerce with foreign states and among states[C] declaring wars[D] deciding what government programs will receive funds21. Which of the following movies have won the Oscars?[A]Million Dollar Baby[B] Avatar[C] Schindler's List[D]Titanic22. The Sound of Music is a 1965 American musical film and it contains several popular songs including ____________.[A] "Edelweiss" [B] "My Favorite Things"[C] "Do-Re-Mi" [D] "The Sound of Music"23. Which of the following works are written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century?[A] The Sun Also Rises [B] The Old Man and the Sea[C] A Farewell to Arms[D] The Sound and The Fury24. Presley(猫王) is one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century. He left us many melodious songs such as ____________.[A] Love Me Tender[B] Always on My Mind[C] Only You[D] Heartbreak Hotel25. American actor and comedian Robin Williams died of an apparent suicide by hanging at his home in 2014. He starred in a number of fine films including ____________.[A] Dead Poets Society[B] Chicago[C] The Terminal[D]Good Will Hunting (心灵捕手)26. Faulkner is one of the most important writers in American literature generally and Southern literature specifically. His works are ____________.[A] Light in August[B] Absalom, Absalom[C] The Great Gatsby[D] The Sound and the Fury28. There are many museums in Washington D.C., such as ____________.[A] National Air and Space Museum[B] National Gallery of Art[C]National Museum of Natural History[D] Metropolitan Museum of Art30. ____________ are Hollywood animation films.[A] Frozen[B] Dances with Wolves[C]Finding Nemo[D] The Terminal31. The most traditional food of Thanksgiving Day dinner is ____________.[A] roast turkey [B] short cake[C] pumpkin pie [D] fried chicken33. Which of the following are rules of dinning etiquette?[A] turning off cell phones [B] sitting up straight[C] putting elbows on the table [D] taking small bites34. To rent a car in the United States, you need to ____________.[A] be over 25 [B] have a driver’s license [C] provide a credit card [D] book online36. Which of the following items are not permitted in carry-on and checked luggage when you travel by air in the United States?[A] Torch lighters [B] Sporting equipment[C] Laptops [D] Spray paint37. The dress code for professionals in the United States is a suit and tie for men and a suit and dress for women. Traditional colors are preferred, such as ____________.[A] pink [B] navy [C] gray [D] black38. Two rules for personal topics when meeting with American professionals are ____________. This avoids any uncomfortable situations during a discussion.[A] no sports [B] no politics[C] no religion [D] no weather39. Many American professionals schedule meetings around a meal. ____________ are the most popular meal times during a meeting.[A] Breakfast[B] Brunch [C] Lunch [D] Dinner40. In America, there are certain ways to practice proper etiquette duringa conversation that will help ensure that you enjoy it just as much as the person that you're conversing with. These include ____________.[A] avoiding interrupting the person that you're conversing with[B] turning your phone off before engaging in a conversation with someone[C] looking the person whom you are talking to in the eye[D] speaking low enough so that you won’t be overheard by people around you41. Situated in the central part of the North America Continent, the continental United States borders Canada on the north and reaches south to ____________.[A] Mexico[B] Cuba [C] Brazil [D] the Gulf of Mexico43. The enormous growth of American economy has been attributed to many factors. Among them are ____________.[A] the size of America[B] its abundant resources[C] religious pluralism[D] American capitalism44. ____________ used to be the mainstays of America’s economy.[A] Chemistry [B] Automobile [C] Construction[D] Steel45. The four fundamental freedoms, which people “everywhere in the world”ought to enjoy, were goals articulated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on January 6, 1941. They include ____________.[A] freedom of speech[B] freedom of worship[C] freedom from want [D] freedom from war46. ____________ are regarded as the greatest players in National Basketball Association (NBA) history.[A] Shaquille O'Neal[B] Scottie Pippen[C] Wilt Chamberlain [D] Kobe Bryant47. The Mississippi River is the largest river system in ____________, about 2,320 miles (3,730 km).[A] the United States[B] Americas[C] the world [D] North America48. The two largest Chinatowns in U.S. are located in ____________.[A] New York [B] Chicago[C] Miami [D] San Francisco50. America, walled by ____________, has been said to be a nation with an abundance of geography but a shortage of history.[A] the Atlantic Ocean[B] the Indian Ocean[C] the Pacific Ocean [D] the Arctic OceanPart III True or FalseDirections: Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).( ) 1.The Statue of Liberty was presented by the people of France to the people of the United States when the new country was founded. ( ) 2.Harward University was founded in 1638.( ) 3.Ronald Reagan was the only actor to become president of the United States.( ) 6. In 1961, the American Congress adopted Uncle Sam as the national symbol.( ) 7. “I come, I see, I conquer” was said by Julius Caesar.( ) 8. We say American politics is based on a two-party system because there are only two parties in the United States.( ) 9. The members of the National Security Council include the President, the Vice President, and the Secretaries of State and Defense. ( ) 10. American public schools are locally controlled, free from religious influence and publicly supported by taxes.( ) 11. In the United States, the public schools are supported by taxes paid by the adults who have children attending schools.( ) 12. The Congress represents the nation as the head of state, symbolizing national unity and speaking on behalf of the American people to the world.( ) 14. Although Columbus was not the first to discover the New World, his landing in the New World in 1492 is important: it ushered in an era of unprecedented European exploration and settlement of the Americas. ( ) 15. The US education system uses the common numerical grading system as is used in many other countries.( ) 18. Country music is a genre of American popular music that originated in Northern United States in the 1920s.( ) 19. Meryl Streep is widely regarded as one of the greatest film actresses of all time. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her roles in Roman Holiday in 2011.( ) 20. Whitney Houston acted in the movie The Bodyguard, and the song in the movie My Heart will Go On was known by the world.( ) 21. “Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get.” is from the movie Forrest Gump.( ) 22. Washington Irving is the father of American Literature.( )23. The Washington Monument is located in Philadelphia to commemorate George Washington, the first American President.( ) 24.Tony Awards are given to recognize the excellent work in theatre and are considered the highest U.S. theatre honor.( ) 26. The Great Gatsby is written by Jack London.( ) 27. Sleeping Beauty is the first full-length cel (帧，动画用语) animated feature film and the earliest in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series.( ) 28.The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated in 1620.( ) 29. It is appropriate to groom yourself at the table when you are having a business dinner.( ) 30. Easter Day occurs on the first Sunday after the full moon following the spring equinox. It is originally the day to commemorate the Resurrection of Jesus Christ.( ) 31. Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials, MJ, played 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards.( ) 33. The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the highest level of professional football in the United States, culminating a season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year.( ) 34. The total area of America is some 9.62 million square kilometers, which makes it the second largest country in the world. ( ) 35. America has a population of about 318 million, the majority of which are descendents of the European immigrants.( ) 36. The robin is both the national bird and national animal of the United States, and is an enduring symbol of the country itself.( ) 38. On the one hand, the United States is the world's largest producer of natural gas and crude oil; on the other hand, it is also the world's largest consumer of petroleum.( ) 39. Soccer is as popular in the United States as in many other nations.( ) 40. Christianity is by far the most common religion practiced in the United States.( ) 41. New York is the most populous city in the United States and the home of the United Nations Headquarters.( ) 43. Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is located in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. West Coast.( ) 44. The national flower of the United States is rose.。
美国文化试题
1. Between 1607 and 1733, the British established b coloniesalong the east coast of North America.A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 152. The U.S. is called a “melting pot” because d .A. its steel industry is highly developedB. it has great influence on the worldC. it is an important economic center of the worldD. people from different races live there together3. Which cannot explain the low voter turnout in America? DA. Complicated voter registrationB. No penalty for not votingC. Americans think that politics is irrelevant to their life.D. Traffic jams4. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first a amendments to theConstitution.A. tenB. elevenC. twelveD. thirteen5. Which of the following statements about American education is wrong?DA. Elementary and secondary education in America is free andcompulsory.B. Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligiousprivate organizations or individuals.C. Public schools are supported by American taxpayers.D. There are only two categories of American higher educationinstitutions: the university, and the college.6. Which of the following is not the feature of American education? BA. UniversalityB. FederalismC. ComprehensivenessD. Professionalism7. The American minimum wage is $ c per hour.A. 4.75B. 5C. 5.25D. 5.58. The Judicial Branch is headed by __a___.A. the Supreme Cour tB. CongressC. the House of SenateD.President9. Which is not one of the three major TV networks of America? aA. Fox Broadcasting SystemB. American Broadcasting CompanyC. Columbia Broadcasting SystemD. National Broadcasting Company10. During the Westward Movement the United States witnessedb .A.a rapid growth of its industry in the westB.great expansion of its territory to the westC.tremendous changes in the living conditions in CaliforniaD.an increase in the prices of milk and eggs11. The American Civil War was caused by the struggle overb .A. territoryB. black slaveryC. human rightsD. independence12．Which of the following was NOT a reason for the War of 1812? D a. The U.S. population was expanding and the government wanted to gain land in North America that was controlled by the British government.b. The British navy was boarding American ships to find deserters but was also capturing American sailors and forcing them to work on British Navy ships.c. American merchants suffered from the war between France and England because the powerful British navy hindered trade with French-controlled Europe.d. The British attacked Washington, D.C., and burned the White House and Capitol buildings.13. Among the five Great Lakes, only __c___ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. MichiganD. Ontario14. Alaska is bought from ___c__ and became a state in 1959.A. CanadaB. SpainC. RussiaD. France15. Texas, a territory of ___c __, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.A. FranceB. RussiaC. MexicoD. Spain16.. Which of the following statements is TRUE? DA. The Louisiana was taken from Britain as a result of the War of 1812B. The Louisiana Territory was ceded to the United States by FranceC. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from SpainD. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from France17. President Lincoln’s__b___ was to free black slaves in the south.A. Emancipation ProclamationB. free speechC. liberation speechD. inaugural speech18. The national government of the United States is called the c government.A. stateB. UnionC. FederalD. United19. In America Hispanics refer to immigrants and their children fromc .A. SpainB. CubaC. Latin AmericaD. Europe20. US foreign treaties must first be approved by the d before they are signed by the US president.A. CongressB. government Supreme Court D. Senate21. The Rockies are in the c part of the United States.A. easternB. northernC. westernD. southern22. The power to interpret the US constitution belongs to thed .A. PresidentB. CongressC. SenateD. Supreme Court23. New York City is mainly situated on an island known asd .A. HudsonB. ManhattanC. Broad WayD. the Statue of Liberty25.The largest state of the United States is ___b___.A. TexasB. AlaskaC. CaliforniaD. Hawaii26.The declaration of Independence was drafted by __a____.A. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Adams27. The financial, manufacturing and transportation center of the United States is __ _.A. New YorkB. Washington D.C. C. PhiladelphiaD. Chicago28. The United States grows nearly _____ of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one thirdB. one fourthC. one sixthD. one seventh29. Richard Nixon resigned in 1974 because of .A. the Great DepressionB. the Black Power MovementC. the Watergate ScandalD. his Isolationist Policy30. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .A. cultural revivalB. loss of purposeC. development in science and technologyD. material success and spiritual frustration1.Why is the united states negarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad”The United States was described as a “melting pot” where variou s racial and ethnic groups were combined into one culture. Recently, they have been called a “salad” in that people of different races and ethnic groups mix harmoniously but at the same time keep their distinct culture and custom.2.How is the life of the native americans today?•The natives•About one third of the all Native Americans now live on reservations and the others live in cities. Poverty and unemployment are the major problems for them, especially on reservations.Native Americans today have a unique relationship with the United States of America because they can be found as members of nations, tribes, or bands of Native Americans who have sovereignty or independence from the government of the United States.今天的土著美国人有一个独特的关系，与美国美国因为他们可以找到作为成员国，部落，或带土著美国人谁拥有主权或独立于美国政府。
美国常见考试题目及答案
美国常见考试题目及答案
1. 美国独立战争的主要原因是什么？
答案：美国独立战争的主要原因是英国对殖民地的重税政策和对殖民地人民的压迫，导致殖民地人民的不满和反抗。
2. 美国宪法中规定的三权分立包括哪些？
答案：美国宪法中规定的三权分立包括立法权、行政权和司法权。
3. 谁是美国历史上第一位黑人总统？
答案：美国历史上第一位黑人总统是巴拉克·奥巴马。
4. 美国的官方语言是什么？
答案：美国的官方语言是英语。
5. 美国的国旗被称为什么？
答案：美国的国旗被称为星条旗。
6. 美国的首都是哪个城市？
答案：美国的首都是华盛顿特区。
7. 美国的国歌是什么？
答案：美国的国歌是《星条旗永不落》。
8. 美国最大的州是哪一个？
答案：美国最大的州是阿拉斯加州。
9. 美国的独立日是哪一天？
答案：美国的独立日是7月4日。
10. 美国的货币单位是什么？答案：美国的货币单位是美元。
美国社会与文化期末考试及答案
Name: Student No.: Class:I.Brief-answer questions （本题满分35分）Passage OneEvery year, one American family in five moves to a new home. Most of these new homes are in the Sunbelt States, a nickname for the warm, sunny states of the South and Southwest. The Sun Belt has seen substantial population growth in recent decades, partly fueled by a surge in retiring baby boomers who migrate domestically, as well as the influx of immigrants, both legal and illegal. People are also moving because jobs and industries have shifted from Frostbelt to the Sunbelt. Known for its cold, frost-producing winters and heavy snowfall, the Frost Belt is generally considered to include the Northeastern United States, the Great Lakes Region and much of the Upper Midwest. For many years, the Frost Belt was the center of American economic activity, and the most populous part of the United States. However, in the past several decades, the Frost Belt had already been experiencing a stagnating population. For instance, the following states experienced the least population growth during the 1990s: District of Columbia (-5.7%), North Dakota (0.5%), West Virginia (0.8%), Pennsylvania (3.4%) and Connecticut (3.6%).This Frostbelt-Sunbelt Shift is also a shift from the previously economically and politically important Northeast to the South and West. Warmer climate, and a boom in the agriculture industry allowed for the southern third of the U.S.A. to grow by leaps and bounds economically. The climate stimulates not only agricultural growth but was also a haven for many retirees who set up retirement communities in places such as Florida and Arizona. Industries such as aerospace, defense and oil boomed in the Sun Belt. The oil industry helped propel many southern states such as T exas and Louisiana forward and tourism exploded in Florida and southern California.The economic emergence of the Sun Belt also had political ramifications. Since 1970, the Sun Belt has gained 25 electoral votes, which were shifted mainly from Northern and Midwestern states. In the next two decades, it is predicted some states will record stunning gains: Florida (+9 House seats), Texas (+8), and Arizona (+5), and the big losers are New York (-6), Ohio (-4), Pennsylvania (-4), and Illinois (-3). So the House and Electoral Vote gains and losses from region to region over the next few decades will be eye-catching, even spectacular and these figures will have enormous consequences for the economies of the various regions.1、According to the above passage, please draw rough borderlines on the U.S. map belowmarking the regions covered by Frostbelt and Sunbelt respectively. (本小题4分)2、Please categorize the following cities into Frostbelt cities (FC) and Sunbelt cities (SC).(本小题6分)Milwaukee __FC____ Austin ___SC____ Las Vegas ___SC_____Chicago ___FC____ Phoenix ___SC____ Buffalo ___FC______Houston ___SC____ Dallas __SC______ Cincinnati ___FC______ Kansas City __FC______ San Diego _____SC______ San Jose ___SC______3、Please list major factors which contribute to the rapid development of Sunbelt regions according to the above passage. (本小题4分)答：Warmer climate, and a boom in the agriculture industry allowed for the southern third of the U.S.A. to grow by leaps and bounds economically. The climate stimulates not only agricultural growth but was also a haven for many retirees who set up retirement communities in places such as Florida and Arizona. Industries such as aerospace, defense and oil boomed in the Sun Belt. The oil industry helped propel many southern states such as Texas and Louisiana forward and tourism exploded in Florida and southern California.4、How do you understand the bolded phrase “House seats”? Which House does the “House” in this passage specifically refer to? And why does the population growth or decline have an impact on the number of Seats? (本小题6分)答：Refers to the seats in the house of Representatives。
美国文化测试试卷答案
American culture testDirection: Answer the following questions.1. In the United States, immigrants fall into several categories, each with its own label such as “ the early immigrants,”“ the old immigrants,”“ the new immigrants,” and “the most recent immigrants.”Describe these immigrants in the historical context and point out their distinctive features in national origins and religious beliefs.(1)The early immigrants (the colonial period) The English 1607 Virginia, New England settlers: Pilgrim and Puritans, Protestant faith. Gentry class, religious tolerance, political egalitarianism. The Germans. The Scotch-Irish. Other Ethnic Groups: diversity.(2)The old immigrants (the mid-nineteenth century)The mid-nineteenth century saw mainly an influx from northern Europe.The Industrial Revolution .Overpopulation in Europe. Religious persecution combined with transportation revolution. Poverty. American fever. Immigration wave.(3)The new immigrants (the early twentieth-century) The early twentieth-century immigrants are mainly from Southern and Eastern Europe. Between 1880 and 1920,southern and eastern Europeans, total of 27 million immigrants.1920-1930 : immigration restriction laws and a major depression put barriers in their way.(4)The most recent immigrants (post-1965)Post-1965 immigrants are mostly from Latin America and Asia. Immigration Act of 1924 virtually closed the door. Quota system. Refugees: Hungarians, Cubans, Vietnamese and Cambodians. The new immigration law of 1965, family reunification, occupation and refugees.1999 Census, 7million immigration most Latinos and Asians. From 1991 to 2000: 10-11 million new immigrants.population from 249 million to 281.The most Recent Immigrants:Latino,Chinese,The Filipinos,The Vietnamese,The Koreans.2. Being a nation of immigrants, the United States has been compared to a “ melting pot,” a “ salad bowl,” or even a “pizza.”How do you understand the complex nature of the ethnic groups in the United States?The United States is compared to a big pot of soup that has bits of flavor from eachdifferent culture.But it still has the mainstream culture and the non-mainstream culture. The early immigrants from Europe are mostly the white,and they easily assimilate into the culture.Now, immigrants are from different culture and race,so it is difficult for them to assimilate into the mainstream culture.It resulted that different ethnical immigrants still owned their traditional habits and characteristics of the original.The racial integration is a complicated, painful process along with the progress of the times.During the period,the racial discrimination gradually faded,and various people integrated into the sciety in different ways.They changed things in American.Each race are also influenced by the American culture.Today,America has the absorption characteristics of all kinds of family. USA has become the super country by making good use of these characteristics. Ethnic diversity makes American prosperity. The immigrants not only brought a variety of culture and lots of work for USA, but also embody the openness and freedom of the American.3. Examine the experience of Chinese immigrants in the United States, noting, in particular, the maltreatment, indeed discrimination, Chinese immigrants encountered there. Additionally, explain how recent Chinese immigrants differ from old Chinese immigrants.Contract laborers: work cheaply and lived frugally. Gold rush 1849 west coast. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.Non-white, non-Christian, incapable of being assimilated into the mainstream culture.They were feared as competitors.Their hard work and long hours for low pay were said to drive down the standard of living of American labor. The early immigrants people had the purpose of making a living across the ocean.They cannot well integrate into the local community.While the new immigrants received higher education at home, and they want to accept more education in USA.Old settlers think that Chinese culture cannot be lost, especially the traditional culture.Howeever,the new immigrants integrate into Western society, accept the mainstream culture,absorb in western culture.4. Read the “Bill of Rights” and comment on it.“Bill of Rights"is of great influence on the American history. Especially,the first rule in the bill of rights has the profound and lasting influence for the development of America. It becomes personal freedom’s unshakable talisman. A major flaw--"bill of rights" didn’t amend the constitution, namely to confirm the slavery. The bill of rights is to protect citizens against the federal government’s involvement. The first amendment for the most famous goal is to protect the freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion and other rights. The bill of rights is the most imposing restrictions on government, and it provided the things that the federal government cannot do so as to protect the individual freedom from government persecution.The fundamental purpose is to ensure that the state power is from the national people.It advised to establish the government by people,and eliminate the government’s restrictions on personal freedom.The country is based on personal rights,in order to prevent the generation of authoritarian regime. The bill of rights reflects the people’s requirements in the nation,and provides the basic rights of citizens, embodies the thought of people's sovereignty and the declaration of independence of spirit.5. Read the “Declaration of Independence” and comment on it.“The Declaration of Independence ”mainly absorbed the thinker John Locke’s thinking—natural rights.The declaration uses the simple words,but has the significant meanings.It is the incomparable documents in the history of America. The Declaration of Independence includes three parts: the first part expounds the nation, political philosophy, that is the democracy and freedom of philosophy; the second part lists the king on the colony's brutal rule, states the practical reason for the colonies from England; the third part solemnly declared independence. The Declaration of Independence not only declared the birth of a new nation,but also expressed political demands of the bourgeoisie for the first time.The form of political program played a powerful role in the west bourgeois revolution. The declaration analyses of the human rights--the theory of rights in the people,and reflects the period of bourgeois revolution spirit. The declaration is the first the Universal Declaration of human rights in human history.Itencouraged the North American people's struggle for independence and liberation of the Chinese nation spirit.We can call it as a programmatic document of the war of independence and the banner of revolution. The declaration of independence had a major impact on the American future’s development,and it also promoted the development of world history. Freedom equal rights in the declaration can only be bourgeois power, and it reflects the essence of the bourgeois class.So it is served for capitalist system.。
美国文化试题(基础题)
Culture Knowledge Contest（American Culture）August 31, 2014Part I Single-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.1. The strong American belief in individualism can be divided into idealism and ____________.[A ] realism [B] protestantism[C] materialism [D] volunteerism3. “Priesthood of all believers” means ____________.[A] every priest must be a devoted believer[B] every believer should confess to God through the priest[C] every believer is his or her own priest[D] every priest should be responsible for the believers4. Which of the following statements about American education is TRUE?[A] The majority of the private schools are associated with particular churches.[B] Religious schools that serve middle-class students receive money from the national government.[C] After twelve years of school, American students receive a bachelor’s degree diploma at graduation.[D] American schools attach the greatest importance to developing students’ academic skills.5. Which of the following statements about American Frontier is TRUE?[A] The frontier experience began in about 1890 and is still continuing in the American West today.[B] There are two types of heroic rugged individualists: man against wilderness and man against man.[C] The settling of the frontier did little to affect the lives of the American Indians.[D] The can-do spirit came from the willingness of the pioneers to work together on a cooperative project for the good of all.6. Most American people strongly believe in individual freedom, and therefore they do NOT like ____________.[A] being self-reliant [B] making a lot of money[C] a big government[D] religious freedom7. The American saying “Say what you mean and mean what you say” reflects that American people value ____________.[A] competition [B] optimism[C] performances [D] assertiveness8. American culture is also a culture of its own and above everything else ____________ is most important.[A] diversity [B] individuality[C] nationality [D] unity9. One of the most important values associated with American Protestantism is the value of ____________.[A] self-improvement [B] equality of opportunity[C] optimism [D] rugged individualism11. The strong American belief in individualism has strengthened American’s ____________ and hard work.[A] inventiveness [B] promptness[C] frankness [D] assertiveness12. In the U.S., the president can ____________ a bill from Congress, but the bill can still become law if at least ____________ of the members in each house vote for it when it is voted on again.[A] void, 1/3 [B] void, 2/3 [C] veto, 1/3 [D] veto, 2/313. Scholars who see the United States as a “salad bowl” emphasize____________.[A] the great extent of racial and ethnic assimilation[B] the distinct differences between racial and ethnic groups[C] the rapid growth of population[D] the great diversity in religious beliefs14. In American society, the “boomerang kids” refers to ____________.[A] the children living with the single parent[B] the children born in 1950s[C] the children returning home after graduation from college[D] the children living separately from their parents16. The presidential election in the United States is held every ____________ years.[A] 2 [B] 4[C] 6 [D] 817. ____________ was American’s first president.[A] George Washington[B] Thomas Jefferson[C] James Madison [D] Andrew Jackson18. The Cold War was the continuing state of conflict, tension and competition that existed after World War II. On the one side were the ____________ and its satellites, and on the other were the powers of the Western world under the leadership of the United States.[A] Germany [B] Cuba[C] the Soviet Union [D] Britain19. Child education in the United States is compulsory. The ages for compulsory education vary by state beginning at ages ____________ and ending at the ages of fourteen to eighteen.[A] four to five [B] five to six[C] six to eight [D] five to eight20. According to the US Constitution, Congress’s essential function is to ____________.[A] declare laws [B] pass laws[C] make laws[D] execute laws21. The Senate is the upper chamber of Congress. It consists of 100 members, with ____________ senators elected from each state, regardless of the size of the state’s population..[A] one [B] two[C] three [D] four22. The history of the English language is divided into three periods. The period from 1150 to 1500 is known as the ____________.[A] Old English period [B] Anglo-Saxon period[C] Middle English period[D] Modern English period23. The first permanent English settlement in North America was ____________.[A] Philadelphia [B] Plymouth[C] Jamestown [D] Boston24. ____________ is the symbol of the American Democratic Party.[A] The donkey [B] The bull[C] The bald eagle [D] The elephant25. Who is the only American president to have served more than two terms?[A] Bill Clinton [B] George Washington[C] Franklin D. Roosevelt[D] Abraham Lincoln27. ____________ are the two major political parties in the United States.[A] The Labor Party and the Independence Party[B] The Independence Party and the Republican Party[C] The Republican Party and the Labor Party[D] The Democratic Party and the Republican Party28. The upper chamber of the American Congress is called ____________.[A] the House of Commons [B] the Parliament[C] the House of Representatives [D] the Senate31. ____________ a popular tourist destination in Hollywood. It comprises more than 2,500 five-pointed stars which bear the names of a mix of actors, musicians, directors, producers, musical and theatrical groups, fictional characters, and others.[A] Hollywood Walk of Fame [B] Hollywood Boulevard[C] Universal Studios [D] Disneyland32. “A man is not made for defeat … A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” From which novel is this passage taken?[A] In Our Time [B] A Farewell to Arms[C] The Old Man and the Sea [D] For Whom the Bell Tolls33. The national anthem of the United States is ____________.[A] The Battle Hymn of the Republic[B] God Save the Queen[C]The Star-Spangled Banner[D] American Soldier34. ____________ was a singer, songwriter, actor, dancer, businessman, and philanthropist. He was called the King of Pop. He popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk.[A] Michael Joseph Jackson[B] Bob Dylan[C] Beetles [D] Elvis Presley35. ____________ is a street in Manhattan, New York. There are a lot of theatres at both sides of the street and it has become a synonym of musicals.[A] the 5th Avenue [B] Avenue de New-York[C] Park Avenue. [D] Broadway36. ____________ is often regarded as the greatest American woman poet and she wrote over 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.[A] Anne Bradstreet [B] Robert Frost[C] Emily Bronte [D] Emily Dickinson40. ____________ is an American syndicated talk show that aired nationally for 25 seasons from 1986 to 2011 and remains the highest-rated talk show in American television history.[A] Daily Show [B] Oprah Winfrey Show [C] Talent Show [D] Ellen Show41. In America, ____________ are given to recognize outstanding work in the television industry.[A] Grammy Awards [B] Tony Awards[C] Academy Awards [D] Emmy Awards42. ____________, located in New York City, is the largest art museum in the United States and one of the ten largest in the world.[A] The Metropolitan Museum of Art[B] National Museum of American Art[C] Hirshhorn Museum[D] National Museum of Air and Space45. ____________ is a film about a German businessman who saved the lives of more than a thousand mostly Polish-Jewish refugees during the Holocaust by employing them in his factories.[A] The Pianist [B] Schindler's List[C] Sophie’s Choice[D] Pearl Harbor46. When is Halloween celebrated every year?[A] On October 31 [B] On February 14[C] On May 30 [D] On November 1147. American Independence Day falls on ____________.[A] May 30 [B] October 31[C] March 20 [D] July 448. Thanksgiving Day is originated in ____________.[A] England [B] America [C] Scotland [D] Canada49. April Fool's Day began in ____________.[A] America [B] Germany [C] France [D] Italy50. When first introduced to someone, one should address and be addressed as Miss, Ms., Mrs. or Mr. followed by the ____________. [A] first name [B] surname[C] nick name [D] middle name51. Among the five Great Lakes, only ____________ is wholly within the United States.[A] Erie [B] Superior [C] Michigan [D] Huron52. If you are invited to a business lunch, ask ____________ what he or she recommends before placing your order, so that you will have an idea as to an appropriate price range for your meal.[A] the restaurant owner [B] the waiter[C] the chef [D] the host53. How many dimes is a US dollar?[A] 10 [B] 5 [C] 25 [D] 454. How many cents is a US quarter?[A] 10 [B] 5 [C] 25 [D] 455. Marriage in America is considered ____________.[A] more important to the parents [B] a pure religious affair [C] rather burdensome [D] a pure individual matter56. When was Coca-Cola first created?[A] In 1765 [B] In 1885 [C] In 1925 [D] In 199557. The KFC (chain restaurants from the United States) is the abbreviation of which of the following?[A] Kentucky Fried Cake[B] Kentucky Fried Chicken[C] Kentucky Frying Cake[D] Kentucky Frying Chicken58. Which number is unlucky in Western culture?[A] 7 [B] 8 [C] 13 [D] 1460. Handshaking is a popular tradition among professionals in America. Handshaking should be ____________ and last between 3-5 seconds. [A] extended [B] interrupted[C] light [D] firm61. There are ____________ states in the United States of America.[A] 46 [B] 48 [C] 50[D] 5262.____________ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.[A] Florida [B] Louisiana [C] Alaska[D] California63. ____________ is known as the nation's "breadbasket" because of its abundant production of oats, wheat, and corn.[A] The North [B] The South[C] The Midwest [D] The Mideast64. ____________ is the coldest and deepest of the five Great Lakes.[A] Superior[B] Huron[C] Michigan [D] Ontario65. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the ____________ river.[A] Delaware [B] St. Laurence[C] Hudson [D] Potomac66. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount ____________.[A] Appalachian [B] Mekinley[C] Rocky [D] Great Smoky67. The 1970s and early 1980s saw the onset of stagflation. After his election in 1980, President ____________ responded to economic stagnation with free-market oriented reforms.[A] Jimmy Carter [B] R onald Reagan[C] George Bush [D] Bill Clinton68. Seattle, a household name in many movies such as Sleepless in Seattle or Finding Mr. Right (北京遇上西雅图), is a coastal seaport city in the state of ____________.[A] California [B] Massachusetts[C] Washington [D] New York70. ____________ has developed a big steel-making industry and is the largest producer of iron and steel in the United States.[A] Chicago [B] Detroit[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans71. ____________, bordering on Lake Erie, is a famous automobile town. It is the home of American gods: Ford, General Motors and Chrysler. [A] Chicago [B] Detroit[C] Pittsburgh [D] New Orleans72. ____________ was the first company to introduce assembly lines for mass production of cars.[A] General Motors [B] American Motors Corporation[C] Chrysler [D] Ford74. "Steve" Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) is the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc., an American multinational corporation headquartered in the world-famous Silicon Valley in ____________. [A] California[B] Texas[C] Arizona [D] Florida75. Bill Gates, who formally dropped out of Harvard in his junior year, is the former chief executive and chairman of Microsoft Corporation, an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, ____________.[A] Colorado [B] Ohio[C] Washington[D] Virginia78. The Grand Canyon, a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of ____________, is known for itsvisually overwhelming size and its intricate and colorful landscape. [A] New Mexico [B] Wisconsin[C] Louisiana [D] Arizona79. As a prominent American landmark, the Golden Gate Bridge has been one of the most internationally recognized symbols of ____________. It has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers.[A] Los Angeles [B] San Francisco[C] Washington D.C. [D] New York80. Already a huge tourist attraction and favorite spot for honeymooners, ____________ is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario and the state of New York.[A] Iguasu Falls [B] Victoria Falls[C] Angel Falls [D] Niagara Falls81. ____________, widely held to be the first national park in the world, is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful Geyser, one of the most popular features in the park.[A] Yellowstone [B] Great Smoky Mountains[C] Grand Canyon [D] Yosemite82. In late ____________, the NBA Playoffs (季后赛) begin..[A] May [B] April[C] March [D] June83. Broadcast on live TV to a world-wide audience, Armstrong stepped out of ____________ 11onto the lunar surface and described the event as "one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."[A] Challenger [B] Columbia [C] Apollo[D] Discovery84. ____________ is the United States government agency that is responsible for the civilian space program as well as for aeronautics and aerospace research.[A] CIA [B] NACA [C] NASA[D] NSA85. All of the following festivals are of some religious nature except ____________.[A] Easter [B] Thanksgiving[C] Halloween [D] Memorial Day87. ____________ is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time. He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years.[A] "Tiger" Woods[B] Venus Williams[C] Michael Phelps [D] Jeremy Lin88. The US Open is a hardcourt ____________ tournament which is held annually in late August and early September over a two-week period. [A] golf [B] ice hockey[C] tennis [D] cricket90. The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in ____________.[A] San Francisco [B] Washington D.C.[C] Los Angels [D] New York CityPart II Multiple-Choice QuestionsDirections: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] are given. Choose the ones that you think best complete the statement or answer the question.1. The U.S. President can decide ____________.[A] what foreign policies to make[B] who become the judges of the federal courts[C] whether the law is unconstitutional[D] who should be included in the cabinet2. The John Harvard statue i s actually nicknamed the “st atue of three lies” because of all the inaccuracies inscribed on it. They are____________.[A] That isn’t John Harvard.[B] John Harvard wasn’t the founder of Harvard University.[C] Harvard wasn’t founded in 1638.[D] Harvard was originally called the New College. And its mission was to train clergy.3. Which of the following presidents had been impeached when they were in office?[A] Richard Nixon [B] Bill Clinton[C] Andrew Johnson. [D] Jimmy Carter4. Which two universities worked together to create a new non-profit venture---EDX?[A] Yale University [B] Stanford University[C] Massachusetts Institute of Technology[D] Harvard University6. English as a language borrowed a lot of words from the following languages: ____________.[A] Latin [B] Greek [C] French [D] German7. Which of the following English words came from Chinese?[A] zebra [B] Tai Chi [C] ketchup [D] mahjong8. Which of the following are the descriptions of Uncle Sam?[A] He has long white hair and a beard.[B] He wears a waistcoat and striped trousers.[C] He wears tall hat with a star.[D] He used to be an inspector of army supplies.10. We have different ways of saying “cheap”. Which of the following phrases are right?[A] On sale [B] A good deal [C] A bargain [D] A steal12. The United States has one of the largest diplomatic presences of any nation. Only a few countries don’t have formal diplomatic relations with the United States. They include ____________.[A] Laos [B] Vietnam [C] North Korea[D] Cuba13. In most public schools and private schools in the United States, education is divided into three levels: ____________.[A] elementary school, [B] middle school[C] higher school [D] high school15. The possible reasons why many American parents would choose to homeschool their children are ____________.[A] they wish to add religious instruction[B] they feel they can more effectively tailor a curriculum to suit an individual student’s academic strengths and weaknesses[C] they can’t afford a school[D] they feel that the negative social pressures of schools are harmful to a child’s proper development16. Which of the following higher institutions are members of the Ivy League?[A] Yale University.[B] Columbia University[C] Harvard University[D] Princeton University17. Of the following words, which ones belong to British English?[A] lift[B] truck[C] elevator [D] lorry18. British English and American English are two major geographical varieties of English spoken respectively in Great Britain and the United States. Their distinctions can be seen in the following aspects ____________.[A] pronunicaiton [B] spelling[C] grammar [D] vocabulary19. Suspicious of any power concentration, the framers of the American Constitution distributed power among the three branches of the federal government. The three branches are ____________.[A] Congress[B] the executive branch[C] the judicial branch[D] the supreme court20. The major powers of the American Congress include ____________.[A] levying federal taxes[B] regulating commerce with foreign states and among states[C] declaring wars[D] deciding what government programs will receive funds21. Which of the following movies have won the Oscars?[A]Million Dollar Baby[B] Avatar[C] Schindler's List[D]Titanic22. The Sound of Music is a 1965 American musical film and it contains several popular songs including ____________.[A] "Edelweiss" [B] "My Favorite Things"[C] "Do-Re-Mi" [D] "The Sound of Music"23. Which of the following works are written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century?[A] The Sun Also Rises [B] The Old Man and the Sea[C] A Farewell to Arms[D] The Sound and The Fury24. Presley(猫王) is one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century. He left us many melodious songs such as ____________.[A] Love Me Tender[B] Always on My Mind[C] Only You[D] Heartbreak Hotel25. American actor and comedian Robin Williams died of an apparent suicide by hanging at his home in 2014. He starred in a number of fine films including ____________.[A] Dead Poets Society[B] Chicago[C] The Terminal[D]Good Will Hunting (心灵捕手)26. Faulkner is one of the most important writers in American literature generally and Southern literature specifically. His works are ____________.[A] Light in August[B] Absalom, Absalom[C] The Great Gatsby[D] The Sound and the Fury28. There are many museums in Washington D.C., such as ____________.[A] National Air and Space Museum[B] National Gallery of Art[C]National Museum of Natural History[D] Metropolitan Museum of Art30. ____________ are Hollywood animation films.[A] Frozen[B] Dances with Wolves[C]Finding Nemo[D] The Terminal31. The most traditional food of Thanksgiving Day dinner is ____________.[A] roast turkey [B] short cake[C] pumpkin pie [D] fried chicken33. Which of the following are rules of dinning etiquette?[A] turning off cell phones [B] sitting up straight[C] putting elbows on the table [D] taking small bites34. To rent a car in the United States, you need to ____________.[A] be over 25 [B] have a driver’s license [C] provide a credit card [D] book online36. Which of the following items are not permitted in carry-on and checked luggage when you travel by air in the United States?[A] Torch lighters [B] Sporting equipment[C] Laptops [D] Spray paint37. The dress code for professionals in the United States is a suit and tie for men and a suit and dress for women. Traditional colors are preferred, such as ____________.[A] pink [B] navy [C] gray [D] black38. Two rules for personal topics when meeting with American professionals are ____________. This avoids any uncomfortable situations during a discussion.[A] no sports [B] no politics[C] no religion [D] no weather39. Many American professionals schedule meetings around a meal. ____________ are the most popular meal times during a meeting.[A] Breakfast[B] Brunch [C] Lunch [D] Dinner40. In America, there are certain ways to practice proper etiquette duringa conversation that will help ensure that you enjoy it just as much as the person that you're conversing with. These include ____________.[A] avoiding interrupting the person that you're conversing with[B] turning your phone off before engaging in a conversation with someone[C] looking the person whom you are talking to in the eye[D] speaking low enough so that you won’t be overheard by people around you41. Situated in the central part of the North America Continent, the continental United States borders Canada on the north and reaches south to ____________.[A] Mexico[B] Cuba [C] Brazil [D] the Gulf of Mexico43. The enormous growth of American economy has been attributed to many factors. Among them are ____________.[A] the size of America[B] its abundant resources[C] religious pluralism[D] American capitalism44. ____________ used to be the mainstays of America’s economy.[A] Chemistry [B] Automobile [C] Construction[D] Steel45. The four fundamental freedoms, which people “everywhere in the world”ought to enjoy, were goals articulated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on January 6, 1941. They include ____________.[A] freedom of speech[B] freedom of worship[C] freedom from want [D] freedom from war46. ____________ are regarded as the greatest players in National Basketball Association (NBA) history.[A] Shaquille O'Neal[B] Scottie Pippen[C] Wilt Chamberlain [D] Kobe Bryant47. The Mississippi River is the largest river system in ____________, about 2,320 miles (3,730 km).[A] the United States[B] Americas[C] the world [D] North America48. The two largest Chinatowns in U.S. are located in ____________.[A] New York [B] Chicago[C] Miami [D] San Francisco50. America, walled by ____________, has been said to be a nation with an abundance of geography but a shortage of history.[A] the Atlantic Ocean[B] the Indian Ocean[C] the Pacific Ocean [D] the Arctic OceanPart III True or FalseDirections: Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).( ) 1.The Statue of Liberty was presented by the people of France to the people of the United States when the new country was founded. ( ) 2.Harward University was founded in 1638.( ) 3.Ronald Reagan was the only actor to become president of the United States.( ) 6. In 1961, the American Congress adopted Uncle Sam as the national symbol.( ) 7. “I come, I see, I conquer” was said by Julius Caesar.( ) 8. We say American politics is based on a two-party system because there are only two parties in the United States.( ) 9. The members of the National Security Council include the President, the Vice President, and the Secretaries of State and Defense. ( ) 10. American public schools are locally controlled, free from religious influence and publicly supported by taxes.( ) 11. In the United States, the public schools are supported by taxes paid by the adults who have children attending schools.( ) 12. The Congress represents the nation as the head of state, symbolizing national unity and speaking on behalf of the American people to the world.( ) 14. Although Columbus was not the first to discover the New World, his landing in the New World in 1492 is important: it ushered in an era of unprecedented European exploration and settlement of the Americas. ( ) 15. The US education system uses the common numerical grading system as is used in many other countries.( ) 18. Country music is a genre of American popular music that originated in Northern United States in the 1920s.( ) 19. Meryl Streep is widely regarded as one of the greatest film actresses of all time. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her roles in Roman Holiday in 2011.( ) 20. Whitney Houston acted in the movie The Bodyguard, and the song in the movie My Heart will Go On was known by the world.( ) 21. “Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get.” is from the movie Forrest Gump.( ) 22. Washington Irving is the father of American Literature.( )23. The Washington Monument is located in Philadelphia to commemorate George Washington, the first American President.( ) 24.Tony Awards are given to recognize the excellent work in theatre and are considered the highest U.S. theatre honor.( ) 26. The Great Gatsby is written by Jack London.( ) 27. Sleeping Beauty is the first full-length cel (帧，动画用语) animated feature film and the earliest in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series.( ) 28.The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated in 1620.( ) 29. It is appropriate to groom yourself at the table when you are having a business dinner.( ) 30. Easter Day occurs on the first Sunday after the full moon following the spring equinox. It is originally the day to commemorate the Resurrection of Jesus Christ.( ) 31. Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials, MJ, played 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards.( ) 33. The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the highest level of professional football in the United States, culminating a season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year.( ) 34. The total area of America is some 9.62 million square kilometers, which makes it the second largest country in the world. ( ) 35. America has a population of about 318 million, the majority of which are descendents of the European immigrants.( ) 36. The robin is both the national bird and national animal of the United States, and is an enduring symbol of the country itself.( ) 38. On the one hand, the United States is the world's largest producer of natural gas and crude oil; on the other hand, it is also the world's largest consumer of petroleum.( ) 39. Soccer is as popular in the United States as in many other nations.( ) 40. Christianity is by far the most common religion practiced in the United States.( ) 41. New York is the most populous city in the United States and the home of the United Nations Headquarters.( ) 43. Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, is located in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. West Coast.( ) 44. The national flower of the United States is rose.。
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American CultureWhich above concept describes these scenarios the best?1. A policeman has just pulled over a older man for driving too fast.Police "Do you know why I pulled you over?"Older man "No. What's did I do wrong?"Police "You were driving 65 in a 45 zone. That's a 200 dollar fine."Older Man "Well that is a problem. I am a good friend to the police chief and I guessI will need to mention this to him. What did you say your name was?"Police "Actually, I have decided not to give you a speeding ticket this time. Justa warning. Well, have a nice day."Answer __________2. A Wal-mart employee observes one of their close friends who is also an employee stealan item from the store. He goes to his superior to report the incident.Employee "I saw John steal a bag of chips today."Superior "Thank you, I will deal with him."Answer__________3.Mac "John, I have fallen in love with Mary from class one. But there is aproblem."John "What problem?Mac "My parents don't want us to get to date. They tell me that I need tofocus on my school work."John "So what are you going to do?"Mac "There is nothing I can do except to listen to them."Answer__________4.Peggy "I have a dream to be a airplane pilot."Andrea "Awesome! Perhaps you should dream even bigger! Why not becomean space pilot?"Peggy "I like the sound of that."Answer__________5.Nora "I won a footrace today."Lori "Nice! Did you win?"Nora "I tried my very best and won by a mile. Everyone else was way behind me."Lori "Did you feel bad by making the others look bad?Nora "Of course not, I just did my personal best."Answer__________6.Tom "Hey, Steven do you want to come over to my house?"Steven "I feel like I would be bothering you."Tom "No, you wouldn't. I am planning a big meal."Steven "No I couldn't. I would feel too embarrassed."Tom "I really want you to come."Steven "Alright, I guess I can come."Answer__________7.Billy "Hey Steven do you want to come over to my house?"Steven "Sure! I'll come over."Answer__________8.The student was walking to the library. He was getting ready to study for a verydifficult exam. His exam was the next morning. Suddenly, the phone rang.Student "Hello?"Teacher "Hello, this is your professor."Student "Oh, hi professor!"Teacher "Are you available to help me with a project tonight? We are havingguests come to our university. If you can help, all the guests, professors,and students will be grateful!"Student "Of course! I will help!"Answer__________Multiple Choice: Please choose the best answer.1. What is the date of Valentine's day?a. January 21stb. February 14thc. September 25thd. Changes year to year2. A place where you learn a trade/ occupation isa. Community Collegeb. Mechanical schoolc. Technical schoold. West Point3. What time do many American University students need to be in their dorms?a. 11pmb. 12am (midnight)c. 2amd. no curfew4. Going through an intermediary represents which concept?a. Indirect communicationb. Direct communicationc. Collectivismd. Egalitarianism5. "Shoot it straight with me." Describes which concept?a. Universalismb. Individualismc. Direct communicationd. ParticularismShort Answer (Choose 4 of 6) Between 50-100 words. Please write in complete sentences. A. Explain the difference between the popular culture way of celebrating Christmas and the traditional Christian way of celebrating Christmas.______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ B. Explain the concept of Particularism and how it differs from the American way of thinking.______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________C. Explain what the stereotypes of nerds, geeks, cheerleaders, and punks are.______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ D. Write 3 positives and 3 negatives about sending your child to a private school.______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ E. What does it mean to go "Trick or Treating?" Make sure you include the holiday name and date.______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ F. Describe the many the activities that are available to the American College student.______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________Essay Questions (Choose 2 of 4 (A, B, or C)). Should be between 200-300 words in length. Please write in complete sentences:A. After you graduate high school you have many options on what to do with your life. Explain each of these options are and why might a person choose to do this.B. Choose to explain one of the two songs that we listened to in class (Shoot for the Moon so you can land on the Stars by Jin or Love Story by Taylor Swift.) What does it say about American culture?C. Write an essay on the American Holiday of Easter. Please include the history behind theholiday, and tell how it is celebrated in America in both the popular culture way and thetraditional Christian way.D. Compare and Contrast Chinese and American cultural outlooks on life. Please includeAchieved vs. Ascribed Status and a discussion on the different Locus of controls.。