西方文化导论
西方文化导论
Western Culture: An Introduction（西方文化导论）Chapter 1 Culture in Ancient Greece （古希腊文化）1.Cradle of western civilization （西方文明的摇篮）---Ancient Greek“We are all Greeks.”------Percy Bysshe Shelley (珀西·比希·雪莱)When Shelley said “We are all Greeks”, he is expressing his buy-in（认同）to the then current belief that European culture could trace its roots back （追根溯源于）to the Greek ideals and customs. This would include everything: architecture, education, medicine, our basic myths and memes, government, etc.2.Phases of development )（发展阶段）Delphi 特尔斐(希腊古都)Three Ages:ca.3000-1200 BC, the Heroic Age（英雄时代）(ca. 1200-750 BC), the Greek City-State （希腊城邦）and the Persian Wars（波斯战争）(ca. 750-480 BC), the Golden Age （黄金时代）(Ca. 480-430 BC).Bronze Age Civilizations of the Aegean (ca. 3000-1200 BC):1.1Minoan[miˈnəuən] civilization 克里特文明flourished between 2000-1400 BC, when itseems to be absorbed or destroyed by the Mycenaeans.The most famous of the leg ends of Minoan culture is Minotaur [ˈmaɪnətɔ:(r)] 人身牛头怪/弥诺陶洛斯, a being “part man and part bull”.Where did the Renaissance start with the flowering of paintings, sculpture and architecture?In Florence 佛罗伦萨（意大利都市名）and Venice()意大利港市.1.2Mycenae[maiˈsi:ni:]迈锡尼/Mycenaean [maisiˈni:ən] culture (ca. 1600-1200).By 1600 BC, the Mycenaeans had established themselves in the Aegean（爱琴海）.Around 1200 BC, the Mycenaeans attacked Troy, a commercial stronghold on the northwest coast of Asia Minor小亚细亚半岛. The ten-year-long war between Mycenae and Troy would provide the historical context for the Iliad [ˈɪliəd] （伊利亚特）and the Odyssey [ˈɒdəsi]（奥赛德）. ------ Homer（荷马）, the blind Greek poetTrojan war (特洛伊战争)------ Penelope’s web 珀涅罗珀的织物；故意拖延的策略；永远做不完的工作1.2.1The Heroic Age (ca. 1200-750 BC): after 1200 BC, more powerful, iron-bearing tribes of Dorians (多利亚人约于前1200-1000年间从巴尔干半岛北部迁入希腊，后来建立了斯巴达（Sparta）、科林斯（Corinth）、阿尔戈斯（Argos）等城邦，更多时候是作为入侵者和征服者被看待，荷马认为其野蛮黑暗), a Greek-speaking people from the north, destroyed Mycenaean civilization.Peloponnesian Wars 伯罗奔尼撒战争(431-404 BC)between Athens(雅典) and Sparta(斯巴达)；Years of internal wars weakened the once powerful Greek city-states of Sparta, Athens, Thebes（底比斯）, and Corinth（科林斯）. Philip II of Macedonia （马其顿）(northern Greece) rose to power and, in 338 BC, he rode south and conquered the cities of Thebes and Athens, uniting most of Greece under his rule. Upon Philip II ‘s death, his son, Alexander the Great（亚历山大大帝）, took control and proceeded to conquer all of the lands between Greece and India including Egypt.After the death of Alexander in 323 BC, Macedonia was defeated by Roma（罗马）at the Battleof Cynoscephalae（基诺斯山战役）in 197 BC and then again at the Battle of Pydna（皮德纳战役）in 168 BC. The Greeks were finally defeated at the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC. Rome completely destroyed and plundered（掠夺）the city of Corinth as an example to other Greek cities.1.2.2The Greek City-State and the Persian Wars (ca. 750-480 BC)In 490 BC, Battle of Marathon 马拉松战役In 480 BC, Battle of the Hot Gates and Battle of Salamis 萨拉米斯海战Persian Wars(希波战争): Herodotus 希罗多德(ca. 485-425 BC), the father of history 历史之父。
西方文化导论Unit.pptx
_F_ Press de France Nouvelle.
5. Jazz was initially influenced by two kinds of Negro music: ragtime and blues.
_T_
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Text Study _4_3333 Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
(1) Impressionism got its name from ________famous painting Impression: Sunrise.
A. Pissarro’s B. Monet’s C. van Gogh’s D. Paul Gauguin’s
Hofmann, who benefited from the movements like cubism,
_fa_u_v_i_s_m_ and expressionism.
3. Action painting is a branch of a_b_s_t_ra_c_t_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_io_n_is_m__ .
Comprehension Exercises
Fill in the blanks.
1. _N_e_w__Y_o_rk__ became a new centre of world art during and after
the WWII, taking over from Paris.
2. One of the representative of abstract expressionism is Hans
Unit10西方文化导论课件
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In a way the change of the cultural and intellectual climate in this period had something to do with romanticism and cultural trend of the time. More radical modes of creation appeared, first in poetry and then spread to other forms of writing and art. They were more rebellious, more radical, more opposed to tradition and social reality and more concerned with their own forms of subjective representation. Such a changed approach moved eventually into modernism.
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Modernism was born at the turn of the 20th century and swept many countries. Many social and psychological problems found expression in cultural and literary form, thus representing the real mood and emotion of the ordinary people in the West who were torn by countless troubles arising out of the social, political and cultural contradictions and clashes.
西方文化导论课程设计 (2)
西方文化导论课程设计一、课程简介本课程旨在让学生对西方文化有一个全面、深入的了解，了解西方文化的发展历程、主要特征、哲学思想、艺术及音乐等方面的内容。
通过学习本课程，学生能够更好地理解西方文化的内在逻辑和精神内涵，并在此基础上进行跨文化的交流和沟通。
二、课程目标1.掌握西方文化的基本发展历程和主要特征；2.理解西方哲学思想的基本概念和核心内容；3.熟悉西方文艺（尤其是绘画和音乐）的主要流派和代表作品；4.能够运用所学知识分析和解读西方文化中的现象和事件；5.增强对跨文化交流的认识和能力。
三、课程大纲第一章西方文化的发展历程1.西方文化的来源和演变2.古典文化和中世纪文化3.文艺复兴和宗教改革4.现代时代和当代文化第二章西方哲学思想1.古希腊哲学思想2.基督教哲学思想3.文艺复兴以后的哲学思想4.当代哲学思想第三章西方文艺1.绘画艺术–文艺复兴时期的艺术–印象派和后印象派画家–现代派和当代艺术家2.音乐艺术–古典音乐的发展–流行音乐和摇滚乐–当代音乐和音乐创作四、教学方法本课程采用多种教学方法，包括但不限于：1.讲授2.群体讨论3.个案分析4.视频观看5.案例分析五、教学评估本课程考核包括平时成绩和期末考试两个部分，具体如下：1.平时成绩（50%）–课堂表现（20%）–课程作业（20%）–小组讨论和辩论（10%）2.期末考试（50%）–笔试（40%）–口试（10%）六、参考资料1.《西方文化：历史与文化》（郭晓勇）2.《西方哲学史》（戴季陶）3.《西方音乐史》（约瑟夫·科辛斯基）七、结语本课程为一门全面、系统地介绍西方文化的课程，旨在激发学生的跨文化兴趣和能力。
应用多种教学手段，培养学生的独立思考和创造能力，使其在未来的学习和工作中更具有竞争力。
西方文化导论
西方文化导论一、概述西方文化是指欧洲及其后裔国家的文化，是世界上最为重要和广泛影响的文化之一。
本文将介绍西方文化的起源、特点、发展以及对全球文化的影响。
二、起源与发展1. 古希腊文化的影响古希腊文化是西方文化的重要起源之一。
古希腊在哲学、政治、艺术、体育等方面取得了重大成就，对后世产生了深远影响。
2. 罗马帝国的传承罗马帝国继承并发展了古希腊文化，形成了独特的罗马文化。
罗马法律、建筑、工程、道德观念等对西方文化产生了重要影响。
3. 基督教的兴起基督教的兴起标志着西方文化的新阶段。
基督教的价值观念、道德准则对西方社会产生了深远影响，并成为西方文化的重要组成部分。
4. 文艺复兴与启蒙运动文艺复兴和启蒙运动是西方文化发展的重要阶段。
文艺复兴时期，人们对古希腊和罗马文化进行了重新学习和研究，推动了艺术、文学、科学等领域的进步。
启蒙运动则强调理性、自由和人权，对政治和社会产生了重要影响。
三、西方文化的特点1. 个人主义西方文化强调个体的独立性和自由意志，鼓励个人追求幸福和成功。
2. 科学与技术的重视西方文化崇尚科学与技术的发展，注重实证主义和理性思维，推动了现代科学的进步。
3. 民主与法治西方文化倡导民主政治和法治社会，注重个人权利和平等，推动了现代民主制度的发展。
4. 艺术与文学的创新西方文化在艺术与文学领域具有创新精神，不断探索新的表达形式和艺术风格。
四、西方文化对全球的影响1. 语言和文学英语作为西方文化的代表语言，成为国际交流和商务的重要工具。
西方文学作品如莎士比亚的戏剧、浪漫主义文学等对全球文学产生了深远影响。
2. 科学与技术西方文化的科学与技术成果对全球产生了广泛影响，如工业革命、电子技术、计算机科学等。
3. 政治与法律西方文化的民主制度和法治观念对全球政治和法律体系的发展产生了重要影响。
4. 艺术与娱乐西方音乐、电影、时尚等艺术与娱乐形式在全球范围内受到广泛欢迎，成为全球流行文化的一部分。
五、结论西方文化作为世界上最重要和广泛影响的文化之一，其起源、发展、特点以及对全球的影响都具有重要意义。
Unit5西方文化导论
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
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Interpretation of Cultural Terms
Interpretation of Cultural Terms
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serfdom 奴隶制: a social system of production in which labourers are bound to work for an estate, rather than being owned by the lord of that estate and could choose to work elsewhere though few would do so in reality
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However, the intellectual decline and retarded social development of the Middle Ages also brought forward some notable personal ties, events and achievements in cultural and social affairs. They made up for a long and tortuous interval before the dawn of the modern age, which was marked by the arrival of the Renaissance in the 14th -15th centuries.
Culture and Politics
Main Ideas
Main Ideas
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Unit7西方文化导论
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The foremost figures in the Enlightenment were a group of French thinkers known as philosophers. The preeminent member of this group was the writer, historian, and poet Voltaire. He emerged as the Enlightenment’s chief critic of contemporary culture and religion. Another important member of this group was Jean Jacques Rousseau, whose writings greatly influenced the political thinking of the time. Also influential were the writings of Charles, Baron de Montesquieu, who challenged the idea of rule by a monarch and championed individual freedom. The philosopher Denis Diderot, in collaboration with Jean D’Alembert, planned and edited a multivolume encyclopedia designed to include all realms of knowledge. Many of the entries were written by other philosophies.
西方文化导论
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59BC—AD17 He was Octavian's contemporary. History of Rome: he began it between 2725BC and published it in instalments which at once brought him fame. The book consisted of 142 volumes.
His books:
The book of Satires The Odes Epistles
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Publius Ovidius Naso (43BC—AD17) He was born in a valley of the Apennines, eats of Rome, and was educated to Rome where he studied both rthetoric and law.
》 It includes battles against the Belgic tribes (combined with Gaul), and his crossing the sea and sailing up the Thames to invade Britain.
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Roman playwright (254—184BC) He was born in humble circumstances at Sarsina, Umbria, and once worked as a stagecarpenter.
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(3) ____was the first emperor in Roman Empire from 27 BC to 14 AD.
A. Caesar
B. Octavian
C. Remus
D. Pompey
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice. (4) The First Triumvirate consisted of ____.
A. Roman Republic
B. Byzantium
C. Pax Romana
D. Seven Hill Ally
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
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Comprehension Exercises
(2) ____ were the twins, the founders of Rome in the history.
_F_ (2) All free-born citizens could get married in Roman society. _F_ (3) All Romans got their daily needs from war ravages and
looting in other defeated countries or areas. _T_ (4) In Roman society, women had more chances to do some
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
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Comprehension Exercises
(5) Punic wars are a series of wars between Rome and ____.
A. Greek B. Sicily C. Spain D. Carthage
A. Octavian and Caesar B. Caesar and Remus C. Romulus and Remus D. Romulus and Octavian
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
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Comprehension Exercises
Please match the following artists with their great works.
(1) Livy (2) Terence (3) Virgil (4) Gaius Julius
Caesar (5) Ovid
a. The Mother-in-Law b. History of Rome c. Appollo and Daphne d. The Civil War e. The Aeneid
A. Julius Caesar, Mark Antony, Sulla B. Pompey, Crassus, Cleopatra C. Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar D. Octavian, Brutus, Mariusn Exercises
social activities than those in the East. _T_ (5) The Romans usually entertained at the risk of slaves’ lives.
Comprehension Exercises
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Comprehension Exercises
Comprehension Exercises
True of false question.
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Comprehension Exercises
_F_ (1) In ancient Rome, freed slaves could become Roman citizen without any restrictions on their legal rights.
Comprehension Exercises
Multiple choice.
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Comprehension Exercises
(1) Ancient Roman culture is the culture from the formation of ____ to the end of the Roman Empire, which had lasted about 1200 years throughout.