人教版英语八下的辨析

合集下载

英语人教版新目标八年级下册知识整理Unit4

【英语】八年级||下册教材全梳理(Unit4 He said I was hard -working )知识·巧学生词巧解【词析】音析:元音字母a读［］.形析:形近词sad(忧愁的;悲哀的)义析:angry and crazy【典句】He was mad with joy.他欣喜假设狂.【拓展】固定搭配：be mad at/with =be angry with/at 生……的气【词析】音析:元音字母a发［ｅ］,ore在词尾读作［］.形析:any(任何) +more(更多)义析:any longer,from now on【典句】He doesn ,t come here anymore.他再也不到这儿来了.【拓展】可构成not...anymore词组,也可写成no more .表达"不再〞的词组还有not...any longer/no longer,no more 和no longer用于句末.【辨析】not...anymore/no more与not...any longer/no longernot...anymore/no more指做某事次数不再增加,多与瞬间动词连用;not...any longer/no longer指时间上不再延续,多与持续性动词连用.first of all 首||先【词析】形析:first(第|一) +of +all(所有)义析:at first,the beginning【典句】First of all,you should think,and then speak.你应该先考虑,后开口.【拓展】first of all的同义词为at first,反义词为at last,in the end,finally等.【词析】音析:元音字母e发［e］,a发［I］.形析:mess(混乱) +age(年龄)义析:information,news sent to sb.in writing or speech【典句】Will you take this message to your brother?把这个便条捎给你哥哥好吗?【拓展】与message有关的词组有:give sb. a message 给……传个口信take a message for sb. 为……捎个口信leave a message 留言pass on 传递【词析】义析:take sth.to different places【典句】Let us now pass on to the next subject.现在让我们看看下一个题目.【拓展】后接宾语时可以构成pass on sth. to sb./pass on sb. sth.,当宾语为代词时只能用前一种.【词析】音析:重读开音节词,u读作［］,元音字母o发本音［］.形析:sup(超) +pose(姿态)义析:think about sth.that is not real now【典句】Let ,s suppose (that) the news is true.让我们假定这消息是真的 .【拓展】固定搭配:be supposed to被期望或被要求do well in 在……方面做得好【典句】I do well in drawing.我擅长画画.【拓展】be good at 相当于do well in,意思为"擅长……〞.be good at 的比较级||为be better at,do well in 的比较级||为do better in .be in good health 身体健康【词析】形析:be +in(在……状态下) +good(好的) +health(健康)义析:keep healthy,keep fit【典句】I hope you are in good health.我希望你身体健康.【拓展】表示身体健康的其他短语有:be healthy 健康的stay/keep healthy 保持健康【词析】形析:er读作[],ou读作［］.形析:nerv(e)(神经的) + -ous(形容词后缀)义析:not relaxed,not comfortable【典句】I felt very nervous when I went into his office.当我走进他的办公室时,我感到很紧张.【拓展】固定搭配：be nervous about对……感到紧张【词析】音析:重读闭音节词,字母u读作[],i和y读作［I］.形析:lucky(幸运的)变y为i + -ly(副词后缀)义析:fortunately【典句】Luckily,the police came right away.很幸运,警察马上就来了.【拓展】1)同根词：luck n.运气;lucky adj.幸运的2)反义词：unluckily【词析】音析:元音字母u读作［］,词尾的e不发音.形析:形近词blue(蓝色)义析:right,not against【典句】Is it true that you are rich?你很富有是真的吗?【拓展】同根词：truth n.真理；truly adv.真实地【词析】音析:ow读作［］.形析:形近词town(城镇)义析:belong to oneself【典句】She makes her own clothes.她自己做衣服.【拓展】own作为形容词意为"自己的〞,常用在表示所有格的词后起强调作用.作为动词意为"拥有〞,名词为owner(主人) .轻轻告诉你Every heart has its own sorrow.各人有各人的苦恼.get over 克服;恢复;原谅【词析】形析:get(得到) +over(在上面)义析:recover,forgive sb.【典句】Can we get over this difficulty?我们能克服这个困难吗?【拓展】与get有关的词组有:get to 到达get on 上车get off 下车get ready for 为……作准备get up 起床【词析】音析:第|一个a读作［］,第二个a读作[I] .义析:person who finish the study in a college【典句】Two thirds of the graduates find jobs.三分之二的毕业生找到了工作.【拓展】作为动词意为"毕业〞可构成graduate from "毕业于……〞.【词析】音析:闭音节词,字母i读作\I\] .形析:形近词than(比)义析:not dense or concentrated【典句】The air there is very thin.那里的空气很稀薄.【拓展】作"稀薄的〞讲时反义词为thick,作"瘦的〞讲时反义词为fat .【词析】音析:字母e和i均读作［I］,sion读作［］.形析:deci(de)(决定) +sion(名词后缀)义析:something you must make a choice at one time【典句】She could not make a decision about the dresses.她对(买不买)这衣服下不了决心.【拓展】make a decision to do sth. =decide to do sth.(决定做某事)【词析】音析:ar读作［］.形析:star(星星) +t义析:begin【典句】If you are ready,you may start your work.如果你准备好了,你可以开始工作了.【拓展】start作为动词"开始〞时与begin同义,其后可接动名词或动词不定式.【辨析】begin与start一般情况下,这两个词都可接动名词或动词不定式,二者用法相同.以下两种情况下只能用start,而不用begin .1)当机器"开动、发动〞时.2)作为"旅途〞开始时.care for 照顾,照料【词析】形析:care(关心) +for(为了……)义析:take care of,look after【典句】The boy is too young to care for himself.这个男孩太小,不能照顾自己.【词析】音析:元音字母a发本音［eI］,字母组合er发［］.形析:d +anger (愤怒)义析:risk;a source or an instance of risk or peril【典句】In war,life is full of danger for everyone.在战争中,每个人的生活都充满了危险.【拓展】1)与danger有关的词组有:in danger 在危险中out of danger 出险;脱险2)danger的形容词形式：dangerous例句精讲Section ALana thinks she ,s coming to my house to study.拉娜以为她要到我家来学习.【巧解句构】这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句,主句为一般现在时态,从句是用趋向性动词come的现在分词表将来.【拓展延伸】宾语从句的时态必须与主句照应:当主句中谓语是现在或将来时态,从句谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响,可以按需要使用任何时态,例如:She says that she has never been to Mount Tai.1)当主句谓语为过去时态,从句中的时态一般为过去的某种时态.例如:He said he had finished his homework.2)当从句表达的是某一客观真理(事实)时,主句无论是何种时态,从句那么用一般现在时.例如:He said that light travels much faster than sound.误区警示假设宾语从句跟在动词think,believe,suppose,expect等表示"要,认为〞等的动词后时,句子的否认表达在主句上,这就是"否认转移〞现象.例如:I don ,t think you are right.我认为你不正确.I don ,t believe he has finished his work.我相信他还没有完成他的工作.Section B 3a1.I was sorry to hear that he had a cold last week.我听说他上周感冒了觉得很难过.【巧解句构】这是一句包含宾语从句的主从复合句.主句是过去时态,从句也用过去时态.本句中that变为了宾语从句he had a cold last week的引导词.【要点剖析】I was sorry to hear that...是表示遗憾的常用语,意为"我听到……很遗憾〞.have a cold意为"患感冒〞还可以写成catch a cold .类似的词组还有:have a cough 咳嗽have a fever 发烧have a headache 头疼2.I had a really hard time with science this semester,and I wasn ,t surprised to find that my worst report was from my science(科学)teacher.这学期我的科学课学得确实很吃力,所以当我看到最||糟糕的评价来自于科学课老师时,我毫不吃惊.【巧解句构】这是一句由and连接的并列句.前一个分句是简单句,后一个分句是包含宾语从句的主从复合句,主句I wasn ,t surprised to find "我毫不吃惊地发现……〞,不定式的动词find后面带一个由that引导的宾语从句.【要点剖析】词组have a hard time with sth.意为"应付某事很费力〞;be surprised to意为"对……感到吃惊〞,不定式后接动词的原形.surprised为形容词,surprise为名词构成to one ,s surprise(使……惊奇的是)词组.【辨析比较】surprised 和surprising1)当人作主语或修饰与人有关的词时用以ed结尾的形容词.2)当物作主语或修饰与物有关的词时用以ing结尾的形容词.例如:We are surprised to hear the surprising news.我们听到那条令人惊讶的新闻感到非常吃惊.3.The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard -working.好消息是数学老师说我很用功 .【巧解句构】这是一句包含表语从句的主从复合句 .主句the good news is使用的是一般现在时,表示目前的情况.由that引导的从句my math teacher said I was hard working在句中充当表语,使用的是一般过去时,陈述过去.其中又包含一个从句I was hard working,作said的宾语.【拓展延伸】表语从句于主句中的系动词之后,主要有四类:1)由连词who,what,which 等引导的表语从句.这些词不但可以起连接作用,还可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语.例如:China is not what she was yesterday.中|国已不再是以前的那个中|国了.2)由不充当任何句子成分的连词that,whether引起的表语从句.例如:What I mean is that we should help each other.我的意思是我们应该互相帮助.The problem is whether we can finish the work on time.问题是我们能不能按时完成工作.3)由连接副词when,where,why,how 引导的表语从句 .例如:This is when I really get to know Americans.我这时才开始认识美|国人.4)由连词as,because,as if,as though 引导的表语从句.例如:It looks as if it is going to rain tonight.看起来好似今晚要下雨.Self Check 2Last week in school we had a big fight,and she didn ,t talk to me.上周在学校我们大吵了一架,她不和我说话了 .【巧解句构】这是一个and连接的前后均是一般过去时态的并列句.【要点剖析】1)短语have a fight意为"吵架〞,后面接宾语时要加上介词with,即have a fight with等同于fight with sb.(此时的fight为动词) .2)短语talk to sb.意为"与……谈话/交谈〞,to也可以被with替换 .如果talk后面接的是"某事〞那么介词用about即talk about sth. .She said helping others changed her life.1.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you.在甘肃省一个贫困山村教中学生,在你听来也许并不有趣 .【巧解句构】该句是个简单句.这句话的主语很长,一个动名词短语(teaching high school students "教中学生〞)加上两个地点状语(in a poor mountain village "贫困山村〞和in Gansu Province "甘肃省〞)构成了本句的主语.谓语局部那么使用了sound like短语,表示"听来并不有趣〞.【要点剖析】短语sound like 意为"听起来像……〞,sound是一个系动词,类似的词还有:feel,smell,taste,look,get,turn等.2.She said that both she and her husband thought this was a good idea.她和她丈夫都认为这是一件很好的事.【巧解句构】该句是个复合句,said后面的that引导的是宾语从句,是said的内容;句中的thought后面也是一个宾语从句,但省略了引导词that .通常宾语从句由that引导时,常可省去that,但said后的that常保存.【要点剖析】词组both...and...意为"(两者)都〞是并列连词可以连接两个人或物一起作主语.反义词为neither...nor...,它们的用法不同:neither...nor...引导的词作主语时谓语动词与nor 后的词保持一致即就近原那么;both...and...无此用法 .3.There is no difference between you and them.你和他们之间没有不同.【巧解句构】该句是一个there be句型,名词difference作句子的真正主语,no相当于not any .There is no difference between...and...意为"在……和……之间没有区别〞 .如果表示"有区别〞,那么使用There is a difference between...and...或者There are differencesbetween...and... .【要点剖析】词组between...and...表示"在……之间〞,between只用于二者之间.【拓展延伸】there be句型的一些用法:1)主谓一致谓语动词要采取就近一致原那么,和靠近be的主语一致.例如:There is a pen,two rulers in the box.盒子里有一只钢笔,两把尺子.There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate.门口有两个男孩,一个老师.2)主语后的动词形式在there be 句型中,主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词;是被动关系时用过去分词.例如: There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一个钱包.There are five minutes left now.现在还有5分钟.3)反意疑问句反意疑问句应与there be对应,而不是依据主语.例如:There is a radio on the table,isn ,t there?桌子上有一台收音机,是吧?There are more than fifty classes in your school,aren ,t there?你们学校有50个班,是吧?4)there be 与have的替换there be表示所属时可与have替换.There is nothing but a book in my bag. =I have nothing but a book in my bag.在我包里只有一本书.记忆要诀there be 句型的谓语歌诀there be句型可译"有〞,be 动词跟着名词走.名词单数不可数,当用is记清楚.如果名词是复数,用are一定要记住.出现并列主语特殊记, "就近原那么〞用仔细.4.I can open up my students , eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.我能为我的学生翻开眼界看外面的世|界,并且给他们的生活一个好的开始 .【巧解句构】该句是一个含有情态动词的一般现在时态的简单句,and连接前后两个并列谓语.【要点剖析】1)短语open up one ,s eyes 意为"使……开眼界〞.2)动词give有两种用法:give sb. sth.和give sth. to sb. .5.When her year was over,she said that she would return to the area after finishing her studies.一年期满时她说:毕业后她会回到这个地方.【巧解句构】该句是个包含时间状语从句和宾语从句的主从复合句.时间状语从句when her year was over意为"当她的一年(支教)期结束时……〞.主句是一个间接引语,that...studies作said的宾语从句,时态为过去将来时,说明是在"当时〞要离开的时候,杨蕾承诺"将来〞要回到这个地方;在这个宾语从句中after finishing her studies作为一个时间状语,点明了她将要回来的时间为"完成学业后〞.【要点剖析】1)短语be over意为"结束〞.2)return to...意为"返回……〞.语法解读直接引语和间接引语引述或转述别人的话称为"引语〞.直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号"〞标出,叫做直接引语;用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号,叫做间接引语,实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句,其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外,其转换后是不定式.那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句,转换为间接引语时,句子的结构,人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化,如何变化呢?一、人称的转变下面有一句顺口溜"一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新〞可以帮助我们记忆."一随主〞是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第|一人称或被第|一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化.例如:He said, "I am very happy.〞He said that he was very happy."二随宾〞是指直接引语变间接引语时,假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰,从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致.如果引号外的主句没有宾语,也可以用第|一人称,例如:She said to her son, "I ,ll check your homework tonight.〞She said to her son that she would check his homework that night."You should be more careful next time,〞my grandfather said.My grandfather said that I should be more careful the next time."第三人称不更新〞是指直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰,从句中的人称一般不需要变化.例如:Mr.Smith said, "Jack is a good student.〞→ Mr.Smith said Jack was a good student.总之,人称的转换不是固定的,具体情况、具体对待,要符合逻辑.二、时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时,主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时,从句(即间接引语局部)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化,变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要求),变化如下:一般现在时→一般过去时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时一般过去时→过去完成时过去完成时→不变过去进行时→不变例如:1. "I am very glad to visit the Great Wall ,〞she said.→She said she was very glad to visit the Great Wall.2.Jim said, "We are listening to the music.〞→Jim said that they were listening to the music.3.Mother asked, "Have you finished your homework before nine o ,clock?〞→Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before nine o ,clock.4.He asked the policeman, "Where shall I find the nearest bookshop?〞→He asked the policeman where he would find the nearest bookshop.5. "Why did she go there?〞the teacher asked.→The teacher asked why she had gone there.6.Mother asked me, "Had you finished your homework before supper?〞→Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before supper.7.Tom said, "We were having a football match this time yesterday.〞→Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.三、结构的转换1.陈述句.用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略.主句的谓语动词可用直接引语中的said,也可用told来代替,注意,可以说said that,said to sb. that,told sb. that,不可直接说told that .例如:He said, "I have been to the West Lake.〞He said to us that he had been to the West Lake.He said, "I ,ll give you an exam next week.〞He told us that he would give us an exam the next week.(不可说told that)此外主句中的谓语还常用repeat,answer,reply,explain,think等.例如:He said, "I ,m late because of the heavy snow.〞He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy snow.2.直接引语为一般疑问句,也称是否疑问句,间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序,这一点非常重要.例如：He said, "Do you have any difficulty with this work?〞He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with this work.3.直接引语为特殊疑问句,改成间接引语时,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序.例如:He asked me, "How many classrooms have been built in your school?〞He asked me how many classrooms had been built in our school.4.直接引语为祈使句时,改为间接引语,用带to的不定式表达,谓语动词常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等.如ask sb.to do,(由肯定祈使句变成)ask sb.not to do(由否认祈使句转变),并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化.例如:He said, "Be quiet,please.〞He asked us to be quiet."Don ,t touch anything in the lab,〞the teacher said.The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab.四、时间状语和地点状语的转换在直接引语中在间接引语中指示代词this thatthose表示时间的词now thenthat daythat week(month,etc.)the day beforethe week(month,etc.)beforethree days (a year ,etc.)beforethe next (following) daythe next (following)week (month,etc.)表地点的词动词there take go但要注意在以下几种情况,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化:1.直接引语是客观真理."The earth moves around the sun ,〞the teacher told me.→The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun.2.直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作.例如:He said, "I get up at seven every morning.〞→He said he gets up at seven every morning.3.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例如:had better,used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例如:could,should,would,might)不再变.例如:Peter said, "You had better come have today.〞→Peter said I had better go there that day.听说速递1.表达观点I think you are...我想你是……I think you are right.Thank you.I think you are good at English.I think you are lazy.I think you are hard working.2.表达问候How ,s it going?一切都顺利吗?Does everything go well?Is everything going well?How are you?Fine,thanks.Best wishes to you.3.表达遗憾I ,m sorry to hear that...我听到……很遗憾.What a pity!I ,m sorry.It ,s unfair for you.4.表达希望I hope that...我希望……I hope that you are better now.I hope you are happy.Have a good time!Have a good trip.读写指导如何写好限制性作文【点石成金】1.仔细审题,明确要求.对题目所提供的信息要认真分析,明确要求,做到心中有数.要对所提供的信息加以分析、整理,使之更加具体化、条理化,为开始动笔作好前期准备工作.还要搞清这那么题目的要求是写短文、日记、信件还是便条等,以便根据不同的题材、体裁,写出不同格式、风格各异的文章.此外,也应注意所要求的人称、时间、地点、人物等信息,防止用错.2.抓住重点,寻求思路.根据题目所提供的信息,草拟一个提纲,寻求逻辑次序,确定从何下手,再围绕这一次序,周密选词、选句,以便更加贴近主题;否那么,语无伦次的文章将不会被人接受.3.用词恰当,表达流畅.在写作过程中,万一哪个词想不起来了,千万不能空着或不写,最||好找一个同义词或用其同义句、同义词组(短语)代替.表达中不写没有把握的句子,尽可能用自己熟悉的词和句子来表达意思.表达中,尽可能采用一些简单句,并使前后句、上下文过渡自然.正确使用and,or,but,because,so等词以便使行文自然流畅,使人读后不至||于有"死水一潭〞之感觉.还应注意各种时态、语态和各种句式的交替使用,使文章显得得体、大方、错落有致.4.成文之后全面检查全文.着重看是否存在以下问题:格式、拼写、标点、扣题、不标准英文、时态、语态、主谓一致、冠词、介词、单复数、比较级||别、顺序、大小写、代词等用法错误或使用不当.【常用词汇】ever,mad,anymore,pass on,suppose,do well in,in good health,nervous,worst,lucky,hers,own,get over,meter,ate,decision,open up,start,care for,danger 【常用句型】1)What did...say?……说什么了?2)He said I could...他说我能……3)He told me he would...他告诉我他将……4)Mary said she would...玛丽说她将……5)I think you are... 我想你是……6)How ,s it going?一切都顺利吗?7)I ,m sorry to hear that... 我听到……很遗憾.8)I hope that... 我希望……9)Really?You ,re lucky.真的?你真幸运 .典题·热题例1 (2021福建福州模拟) -Do you know _________?-She came by bus.A.when she got to schoolB.why she was late for classC.how she came to school this morningD.how many times she was late for class思路解析:此题考查宾语从句的用法.主句为一般现在时态,从句可以根据表达的需要选择任何时态.根据答语可知,从句应用一般过去时态.由"by bus〞可知,对于交通工具提问只能用"how〞.答案:C误区警示此题有两处误区：一是时态,主句为一般现在时态,从句往往会误用一般现在时态；二是语序,忽略宾语从句需用陈述句语序.例2 (2021浙江杭州模拟) -Why didn ,t Alice come to the party last night?-I don ,t know _________.A.why didn ,t sheB.why she didn ,tC.why did sheD.why she did思路解析:宾语从句应用陈述句语序,故A、C项错,由题意可知,是"我不知道她为什么不来〞应用否认句,故D项错.答案:B例3 (2021湖北黄冈模拟) -Can you see ___________?-No,let ,s go and have a look.Maybe we can help them.A.what was happening thereB.what are they doing thereC.what are they talking aboutD.what is happening there思路解析:此题考查的是宾语从句的用法.当问及"你能看见……〞时,可知事情正在进行,因此应该用现在进行时态,故A不对.宾语从句应按陈述句语序排列,故B、C两项不对.D项中的what作主语,故D项是正确的.答案:D例4 (2021南通模拟) When you are sleeping,you had better _______ all your windows closed.,t keep B.not keepC.not to keepD.not keeping思路解析:此题考查had better的用法 .had better无论是用在肯定句还是在否认句中,后面都只能接动词原形.因此,C、D项均错.而had better的否认形式为had better not,故A错.答案:B误区警示better为形容词good和副词well的比较级||,这使人常常会想起"be +adj. +to do〞这种结构,会误以为had better to do sth.是正确搭配,从而错选C项 .深化升华记牢"had better(not) +动词原形〞这种结构.例5 (2021南京模拟)Susan is always the best in different exams in our class because she is a ___________ girl.-working思路解析:此题考查词的用法.此句意为"苏珊在我们班的不同的考试中总是最||好的〞,而helpful意为"有帮助的〞,polite意为"有礼貌的〞proud意为"自豪的〞,hard -working意为"努力的〞,只有hard -working与题意相符.答案:D误区警示多数形容词都可作定语修饰名词,如果不能理解词义,很容易出现误选.深化升华多动口,多动手,勤读读,多练练,掌握词的音、形、义就一路畅通了.例6 完形填空(2021河北模拟)Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.Maybe your schoolbags is too 1 to carry,and it troubles you a lot 2 you want to find a book out to read.Now an e -textbook will 3 you.It is said that e -textbooks are going to be 4in Chinese middle schools.An e -textbook,in fact,is a small 5 for students.It is much 6 than a usual schoolbag and easy to carry.Though it is as small as a book,it can 7all the materials(材料) for study.The students can read the text page by page on the 8,take notes with the pointer(屏写笔),or even "9〞their homework to their teachers by sending e mails.All they have to do is to press a button.Some people say e -textbooks are good,but some say they may be 10for thestudents , eyes.What do you think of it?D.understandD.practice9.A.find out B.hand inC.get backD.give back思路分析:此题为完形填空题,是模拟必考题之一也是一道综合题.应从四方面入手:1.认真阅读短文,从句意词义入手,选择适当的词填空.2.从词的用法入手,看考查的是哪个词,它有什么用法.3.从固定搭配入手,包括介词的用法.4.从时态入手,根据时态的不同选用不同的动词形式 .在正确理解句意的前提下,抓住关键句,找到突破口.运用学过的词,词组或语法对空下"药〞.希望能在不断的练习中提高自己的综合语言运用能力,提高自身的素质.答案:1~5 BDCAD6~10 BACBD深化升华1.由"Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.〞可以判断出.2.由句意可知此句为"当你想找出一本书来读时,他会麻烦很多〞因此只能由when来引导时间状语从句.3.由句意可知"现在一本e -textbook将帮助你〞.4.比照各选项的词义可判断出,这里指"被使用〞.5.通读全文我们可以知道既可以用屏写笔在上写也可以读,可以判断出只能是台电脑.6.因为本文是对学生们的书包越来越重深表担忧,因此e textbook肯定更轻,因此lighter 符合题意.意为"保持,保存〞,build意为"建筑,建造〞,discover意为"发现〞,practice意为"练习,实践〞.根据词义只有hold符合题意.8.这是一种电子书因此只能有screen(荧屏) .9.根据选项的词义以及句意只有hand in(上交)与作业有关.表转折,因此前面说好(good)后面一定与此相反(bad) .例7任务型阅读(2021福建福州模拟)。

正确辨析borrow,lend,keep的区别初中八年级下册英语教案教学设计课后反思

A.borrow；lentB.borrow；borrowedC.lend；borrowed D.lend；lent
正确答案：1.C
2.A
小结
借入：borrow sth.from sb.
借出：lend sth.to sb.=lend sb.sth.
保存：keep sth.for+一段时间
1.我向玛丽借了一本杂志。
I borrowed a magazine from Mary.
2.他把他的钢笔借给了我。
He lent his pen to me.=He lent me his pen.
3.这本书我可以借多长时间？
—How long can I keep this book?
两周。
—For two weeks./Two weeks.
从学生角度分析为什么难
学生不能正确区分三个单词的用法，容易混淆
难点教学方法
1.通过表格辨析三个词的含义、用法区别
2.通过例句、练习题巩固提升。
教学环节
教学过程
导入
教材考点导入：(人教版八下教材Unit 3 P20）
Could Iborrowthat book?我可以借那本书吗？
Could youlendme some money?你可以借我一些钱吗？
教师姓名
张秀娟
单位名称
湖南省益阳市
赫山区海棠学校
填写时间ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
2020年6月
学科
英语
年级/册
八年级下册
教材版本
人教版
课题名称
unit 3 could you please clean your room?
难点名称
正确辨析borrow, lend, keep的区别

人教版八年级下册英语复习 Unit 4 重要短语、句型、重点讲解及作文范文

人教版八年级下册英语 Unit 4重要短语、句型、重点讲解及作文范文Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?一、重点短语1. have free time有空闲时间2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛4. after-school classes课外活动课5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架6. until midnight直到半夜7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈8. too many太多9. study too much学得过多10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠11. write sb. a letter给某人写信12. call sb. up打电话给某人13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶14. look through翻看15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气16. a big deal重要的事17. work out成功地发展;解决18. get on with不11睦相处；关系良:19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架20. hang over笼罩21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事23. so that以便24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事25. all the time一直26. in future今后27. make sb. angry使某人生气28. worry about sth. 担心某事29. copy one’s homework抄袭某人的作业30. be oneself做自己31. family members32. spend time alone独自消磨时光33. give sb. pressure给某人施压34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争36. free time activities业余活动37. get better grades取得更好的成绩38. give one’s opinion提出某人的观点39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧40. practice sports体育训练41. cause stress造成压力42. cut out删除第1页共12页二、重点句型1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。

初中英语人教版八年级下册 Unit 6知识点精析

八年级英语下册Unit6知识点精析Section A【重点单词】shoot射击；发射stone石头weak虚弱的；无力的god神；上帝bit一点；小块remind提醒；使想起silly愚蠢的；不明事理的object物体；物品hide 隐藏；隐蔽tail尾巴stick 棍；条magic有魔力的；有神奇力量的excite使激动；使兴奋Western西方国家的；(尤指）欧美的；西方的fit适合；合身couple(尤指）夫妻；两人；两件事情smile笑；微笑marry结婚【重点短语】a little bit有点儿；稍微初中英语人教版instead of代替；反而turn...into变成once upon a time从前fall in love爱上；喜欢上get married 结婚【重点句型】1.Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.最后，天帝被愚公感动了，他派了两位神仙移走大山。

2.This story reminds us that you can never know what's possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们你永远不知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。

3.The new couple were so happy that they couldn't stop smiling when they got married.这对新婚夫妇如此幸福，以至于当他们结婚的时候，他们总是不停地笑。

【知识点精析】1.How Yi Shoots the Suns《后昇射日》【要点精析】shoot 此处为及物动词，意为“射击；发射”，其过去式和过去分词皆为shot,现在分词为shooting。

人教版英语八年级下册Unit2 (易混辨析)：alone与lonely的区别

【易混辨析】：alone与lonely的区别一、alone既可用作形容词，又可用作副词，意为“独自的（地）、单独的（地）”，侧重于说明独自一人，没有同伴或助手，指的是客观情况。

1. alone用作形容词时，一般与be动词连用，在句中作表语。

例如：She is alone at home. （她独自一人在家。

）He is not alone in this idea.（有这种想法的不只是他一个人。

）2. alone用作副词修饰动词时，应该放在动词后面作状语。

例如：I like to work alone. （我喜欢独自一人工作。

）Han Mei was reading alone when the teacher came into the classroom.（老师走进教室时，韩梅正独自一人在看书。

）3. alone用作副词时，也可作定语，意为“只有，仅仅”，但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。

例如：He alone was in the secret. （只有他一人知道内情。

）This year alone, we’ve already planted ten thousand trees. （仅是今年，我们已经栽了一万棵树。

）4. alone在句中的位置不同，句子的意思也不同。

例如：She alone went to college last year.（去年只有她一人考上大学了。

）（别人没有考上大学）She went to college alone last year.（去年她独自一人上大学去了。

）（没有别人送她去，她自己一个人去的）二、lonely只用作形容词，它在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的，寂寞的”意思。

该词带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有“渴望得到同伴”的含义，其比较级形式为lonelier。

1. lonely用作定语时，意为“孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的”等。

人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 3 borrow,lend,keep的辨析

注意: borrow 和 lend为瞬间动词, 不能与表示“一段时间”的时间状语连用。
课堂练习
（难点巩固）
例题：
1. ----- Excuse me, may Iyour bike?
----- Sorry, Iit to Tom yesterday.
A. lend; borrowed B. borrow; lend
知识讲解
（难点突破）
1.borrow“ 借过来”
常用搭配: borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那借来……
如：
① Can I borrow your tail？我可以借你的尾巴吗？
② I want to borrow a book from you. 我想从你那借一本书。
2.lend “ 借出去”
borrow表示“借进”，常用于borrow sth. from sb. or somewhere结构中，lend表示“借出”，常用于 lend sth. to sb. 或lend sb. sth. 结构中，keep本意为“保存、保留”，可以和表示时间段的时间状语及how long等连用。学生对三个借：borrow,lend,keep的含义易混淆，句型记不住。
C. borrow; lent D. borrow; lend
解析：lend sb. sth. 借某物给某人
3.How long can Iyour Chinese-English dictionary?
A.borrow B. lend C. using D.keep
解析：keep表示借了某物多长时间，可以和时间段以及how long搭配。
A.lend；borrow B.borrow；borrow
C.lend；keep D.borrow；keep

Unit8辨析thenumberof与anumberof的用法现在完成时的定义、标志词人教版八年级下

large / great
small
population
单数课堂练习I. 源自项选择1. The number of people in the city ______
about seven million now.
A. are
B. has
C. is
2. A number of visitors ______ visiting the West Lake and the number of the visitors ______ increasing. A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are
人教版新目标英语八年级下册Unit8
The number of women in my office is 20. the number of 表示特指问“...的数量”
A number of letters are from single parents. (许多信来自单身父母。)
a number of = a lot of
经典例题 1.Lily is my classmate. We each other since she
came to our school.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know 解题思路题目中标志词为___s_i_n_c_e，考查 ( 现__在___完__成___时_ /一般过去时) , 故选___C____.
现在完成时的定义、标志词
一、定义
现在完成时
①持续性表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 I have been a teacher for two years. I have lived in China since I was born.

人教版丨八年级英语下册unit 04 单词短语辨析

人教版丨八年级英语下册unit 04 单词短语辨析Ⅰ. allow用法allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事【拓展】allow v 允许allow doing sth 允许做某事They don’t allow smoking.allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事【典型例题】1.His mother ____ him ____ the games.A is allowed, to playB. doesn’t allow , to playC doesn’tallow playD. is allowed play【答案】B【解析】考点：考查语态及非谓语动词Ⅱ. until, so that ,although的用法：Until：在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句从句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到…时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。

如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到…才…”, “在…以前不…”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。

例如：The young man read till the light went out.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until Bob comeDon’t get off until the busstops.so that：引导目的状语从句so that（为了，以便）例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the futureAlthough：although的用法意思相当于though （尽管，虽然），用来引导让步状语从句。

人教版八年级英语下册unit6单词解析

Unit6 A 部分单词解析1. shoot --shot--shooting射击；发射Eg. He shot the bird with his gun. 他开枪射中了鸟。

【区别】①shoot“射中”，强调结果。

及物动词，后接名词，代词作宾语。

②shoot at“向...开火；朝...射击”，强调动作Eg. He shot at a bird in the tree, but did not shoot it. 他朝树上的鸟射击，但没有射中。

③You Yi Shoots the Suns后羿射日2. weak 形容词，虚弱的，无力的①feel/be weak 感到虚弱的Eg I still feel a little weak after my illness. 病后我仍然觉得有点虚弱。

②be weak in...在...方面弱；不擅长；不善于--反义词：be strong in在...方面突出；擅长于To tell the truth , I think Jack is weak in English. 说实话，我觉得杰克在英语方面弱。

③the+形容词，表一类人弱者the weak --the weak people富人the rich 穷人the poor老人the old 年轻人the young女神；女神仙--goddess3. remind (v) 提醒；使想起(1)remind sb (not) to do sth. 提醒某人（不要）做某事Eg. My parents often remind me to study hard.(2)remind sb of sb./sth 使某人想起；提醒某人某事Eg . The old pictures remind me of my school days. (3)remind sb that从句“提醒某人...；使某人想起...”Eg. I remind her that she must go home before dark. 我提醒她必须在黄昏前回家。

[精]人教版八年级英语下册Unit 2知识梳理+词汇讲解+句型解析

人教版丨八年级英语下册Unit 2知识梳理+词汇讲解+句型解析知识梳理【重点单词】cheer [tʃiə] v. 欢呼volunteer [ˌvɔlənˈtiə] n. & v. 志愿者；义务做put off 推迟sign [saɪn] n. 标记，符号，标牌notice [ˈnəʊtɪs] n. & v. 通知，公告；注意到lonely ['ləʊnlɪ] adj. 孤独的，寂寞的several [ˈsevrəl] prep. 几个，数个，一些strong [strɒŋ] adj. 强壮的，强烈的feeling [ˈfi:lɪŋ] n. 感觉，感触satisfaction [ˌsætɪs\'fækʃn] n. 满足，满意joy [dʒɔɪ] n. 高兴，愉快owner [ˈəʊnə(r)] n. 所有者，物主journey ['dʒɜ:nɪ] n. （尤指长途）旅行，行程raise [reɪz] v. 抬起，举起，筹集，征集alone [əˈləun] adv. 独自地，孤独地repair [riˈpɛə] v. 修理，修补fix [fiks] v. 修理，安装fix up 修理，修补give away 赠送，捐赠take after （外貌或行为）像broken ['brəʊkən] adj. 破损的，残缺的wheel [wi:l] n. & v. 轮子，车轮；旋转letter [ˈletə] n. 信件，字母Miss [mɪs] n. 小姐disabled [disˈeibəld] adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的blind [blaɪnd] adj. 盲的，盲目的，失明的deaf [def] adj. 聋的imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] v. 想象，设想difficulty ['dɪfɪkəltɪ] n. 困难open [ˈəʊpən] v. 打开door [dɔ:] n. 门carry ['kærɪ] v. 携带，搬运train [treɪn] v. 训练，培养training [ˈtreɪnɪŋ] n. 训练，培训excited [ɪkˈsaɪtɪd] adj. 激动的，兴奋的kindness [ˈkaɪndnəs] n. 仁慈，善良，亲切，善意clever [ˈklevə] adj. 聪明的，机灵的understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd] v. 懂，理解change [tʃeɪndʒ] n. & v. 改变interest ['ɪntrəst] n. & v. 感兴趣；兴趣sir [sɜ:(r)] n. 先生madam ['mædəm] n. 夫人，女士【重点短语】1.Clean-Up Day 清洁日2. an old people’s home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难4. used to 过去常常......5. care for 关心;照顾6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在......岁时8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋10. give out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与......相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与……相似26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. be able to 能够30. after-school reading program 课外阅读项目【重点句型】1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

辨析hope与wish-学易试题君之每日一题君2018学年下学期八年级英语人教版(课堂同步系列一)

1 中考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆
I hope everyone _________ the English test tomorrow.
A. pass
B. to pass
C. passes
D. will pass
【答案】
D 【归纳拓展】辨析hope 与wish
hope 意为＂希望；期望＂；后常接动词不定式；构成短语＂hope to do sth ＂意为＂希望做某事＂。

I hope to see my pen pal, Lucy. 我希望见到我的笔友露西。

学*科网
【易混辨析】hope 与wish ＂希望＂不同
hope
hope to do sth ＂希望做某事＂
hope + (that)从句＂希望……＂，常表示可以实现的愿望
wish wish sb sth ＂希望某人……＂，表示祝愿
wish to do sth ＂希望做某事＂
wish sb to do sth ＂希望某人做某事＂
wish +（that ）从句＂希望……＂，常表示不可能实现或实现的可能性较
小的愿望
hope 和wish 都可作名词，但hope 意为＂希望＂；wish 意为＂愿望；心愿；祝愿＂。

【误区警示】
hope 后可接不定式作宾语，但不能接复合宾语。

即我们可以表达为：hope to do sth ，但不可以表。

Units5-6单元高频考点总结2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

八下5-6单元高频考点1. I called at seven and you didn 't pick up.我七点给你打电话但是你没接。

知识点：pick up 接电话1)pick up 意为“接电话”，相当于pick up the phone.2)pick up还有“捡起；（用车）接人”之意，属“动词＋副词”型短语，名词作宾语，既可置于中间，也可置于up之后；但代词作宾语必须置于中间。

2.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the window.当雨开始猛烈地击打窗户的时候，本正帮着母亲做晚餐。

知识点：against的用法：against prep.倚；碰；撞1)against 意为“倚；碰；撞”，常与行为动词连用。

2)against意为“反对”，其反义词为for,意为“赞成”。

常用结构：be against（doing)sth.反对（做）某事。

例句：The rain was beating against the window.雨点敲打着窗户。

Are most people against the suggestion?大多数人反对这条建议吗？3.He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.msleep①动词，“睡觉”②名词，“睡觉；睡眠”，不可数sleepy形容词，“想睡觉的；困倦的”asleep形容词，“睡着的”，只作表语sleeping形容词或现在分词，意为“正在睡觉的”，常置于名词前作定语或用于进行时态4. This story reminds us that you can never know what 's possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们：你永远不会知道什么是可能的，除非你努力使它发生。

人教版英语八年级下unit1讲解与练习

Unit1 What’s the matter1.What’t the matter 怎么了matter此处为可数名词，意为“毛病；麻烦”，通常用于句型What’s the matter with sb. 中。

该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦。

—What’s the matter with him 他怎么了—He has a headache . 他头痛。

拓展：○1matter还可作为不及物动词，意为“要紧，有关系”，主要用于否定句，疑问句或者条件句中。

It doesn’t matter . 没有关系。

Does it matter if I’m a bit late 我晚一会到有关系吗○2）.no matter 与who , what , where 等连用，相当于whoever , whatever ,wherever 等，可引导让步状语从句。

Don’t open the door , no matter who co mes . 不管谁来都别开口。

2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛。

Stomachache为可数名词，意为“胃痛；腹痛”Eg: Mary didn’t come to school yesterday because she had a stomachache.拓展：在英语中，一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache（疼痛）后，可以构成合成名词。

如headache头痛，toothache牙痛，stomachache胃痛，backache背痛，earache耳朵痛。

3.She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water . 她昨天说话太多，并且没有喝足够的水。

（1）此处too much 相当于一个副词，修饰动词talked ,放在后面作状语，意为“太多”。

Eg: She worried too much .Eating too much is bad for your health.（2）此处enough为形容词，意为“足够的”。

人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结.

八年级英语第一单元知识点归纳 (2014 年 7月1. be scared of sb./sth. 恐惧某人 /某物2. go up 上升 , 与 rise 同义,与 go down 或 set 相反3. make a noise 发出声响,吵闹4. arrive in 到达,表示到达某一城市、国家等大地方时,用介词 in; 表示到达某一村庄、车站等小地方时,用介词 at ;到达的地方用副词表示时,可不用介词。

5. not… until …直到……才……6. see… doing …停止做某事7. go cycling 相当于 go to ride a bike ,意思是去骑车。

8. nit sb. on the head 表示“打某人的头” ,表示的“打某人的脸”要用hit sb. in the face 。

9. turn around 转身 10. fall off 摔下来11. give sb. a push 推某人一下12. help sb. do sth. = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事13. get off 从……下来,通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等。

14. think about 思考、想起、想到(某人或某事 15. all day 一整天16. one by one 一个接一个地,类似有 year by year 一年又一年; day by day 一天又一天。

17. hold on 有两个意思,一个是“ (电话不挂断” ;一个是“抓紧” 。

18. come down 下来八年级英语第二单元知识点归纳1. grow into 长成……2. pass sb. sh. = pass sth. to sb. 递给某人某物3. billions of 数十亿的, hundred, thousand, million , billion等词前面有具体数字时,其本身用单数形式,直接修饰名词;表示一个笼统的概念时,这些词用复数形式,而且常与介词 of 连用修饰名词。

人教版英语八年级下册Unit1知识点知识讲解

Unit 1A1.advice n. 建议，忠告，劝告(1)advice 是不可数名词，表示“一条建议” “两条建议”“一些建议”可用：a piece of advice；two piece of advice；some advice(2)advice 作名词时的常用搭配：①ask sb. for advice征询某人的建议②give sb. SOme advice= give SOme advice to S给某人提出一些建议③give advice OnSth在某方面给出建议④take (follow) On e'advice接受某人的建议e.g. He Often gives us sOme advice.=He Often gives sOme advice tO us. 他经常给我们一些建议。

★例题：Your _____ is very helpful. I guess I'll take it.A. secretB. adviceC. promiseD. purpose答案：B 秘密；建议；承诺；目标。

由下句“我想我会采纳。

”可知“你的建议很有用”。

2.What S the matter?怎么了？(1)该句用来询问对方所遇到的麻烦，或医生及护士询问病人身体情况，常与with 连用，后跟sb./sth.，意为“某人或某物怎么了？”e.g. - What' S the matter (With you)?你)怎么了？——I lost my pen./I have a cold. 我把我的钢笔弄丢了。

/我感冒了。

(2)“(你)怎么了?”各种常见表达：What'Sthe matter (with you)?=What'Sthe trouble (with you)?=What'Sthe problem(with you)?=What'Swrong (with you)?=What'S up?=What happened?★例题：——Nick iS not at School. _ ?——He haS a cold.A. Who'S thatB. What'S the matterC. How old iS heD. How much iS it 答案：B 句意：——Nick 没来上学。

人教版八年级英语中的名词辨析句型

人教版八年级英语中的名词辨析句型一、选择题1．The man next door is a ________ to Bruce. He doesn’t even know the neighbor’s name. A．stranger B．volunteer C．trainer D．teacher 2．—Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes，Tony？—Sure，Mom will be mad if she sees this _________，I think．A．matter B．messC．trouble D．difficulty3．Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants. He has a real ________ of animals, birds and flowers.A．courage B．energy C．knowledge D．experience 4．— How do you like Jianye Library?— Wond erful! I’m especially satisfied with the high ________ of its service.A．cost B．value C．standard D．price 5．—What’s on the table?—Can’t you see? There are some ________ of milk.A．packets B．glasses C．bottles D．cartons 6．Because plenty of _______ were found, Sanxingdui Ruins was named the Scientific Education Base for China’s Youth (中国青少年科教基地) in March this year.A．standards B．projects C．treasures D．instructions 7．—Do you feel like moving to Mars?—Sure. I’m in no ________ that life on Mars would be interest ing.A．doubt B．hurry C．way D．agreement 8．Look! The children are having so much ________ playing hide and seek in the flower sea. A．joke B．fun C．knowledge D．skill9．—Do you know the four new great ________of China?—Yes. They are Alipay, high-speed trains, shared bikes and online shopping.A．inventions B．introductions C．attractions D．traditions 10．Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in the real ________ will improve your English skills greatly.A．condition B．situation C．event D．position 11．—Do you know why David went to London last month?—He went there with the ________ of finding a better job as an engineer.A．experience B．condition C．knowledge D．purpose12．As a student, getting up early and being afraid of missing the first school bell may be common ________ for you. But thanks to new rules, you can stay in bed longer than before. A．signs B．symbols C．experiences D．expressions 13．When autumn comes, the ________ will turn yellow, and fall from the tree.A．mountains B．leaves C．birds D．plants14．If you are interested in something, it's easier for you to pay ________ to it for a long time.A．attention B．interest C．progress D．information 15．—The sweater is not the right ________ for me.—Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one?A．price B．color C．size D．material(材料) 16．Yancheng Nature Reserve covers an ______ of over 45,000 square kilometers. It is one of the world’s most important wetlands.A．area B．object C．space D．population 17．—Mr. Green, I can't remember some of the words. What should I do?—Don't worry! Why not try to make ___________ with them?A．decisions B．sentences C．suggestions D．choices18．—I didn’t have the to go out alone at night when I was a little child.—So did I. But now I’m brave enough.A．courage B．power C．ability D．chance19．The ____of antibiotics(抗生素) in the 20th century has made a great difference to us. A．invention B．instruction C．method D．discovery 20．—Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying?—It is to the ________.The fight to Shanghai is checking tickets now.A．customers B．passengers C．members D．tourists21．My computer caught a ________ the other day and all the information went missing. A．virus B．disease C．problem D．trouble 22．Cindy is always full of __________ because she takes a lot of exercise everyday. A．courage B．knowledge C．energy D．experience 23．Kids under the age of ten can’t make good_______. They are not sure which is better for them.A．choices B．progress C．efforts D．mistakes24．A factory will be built for the __________ of this type of new energy car.A．position B．population C．production D．pronunciation 25．—I really admire these scientists in different fields in our country.—I agree. They have made a great ________ to our country, even to the world.A．celebration B．conversation C．contribution D．introduction 26．Because of the outbreak of Corona virus, people all over the world are keeping a close eye on medical ________ of Chinese medicine, like Lianhuaqingwen Capsule (胶囊).A．value B．price C．cost D．wealth27．— Could you tell me more about Chinese ________, Mr. Li?— Sure. For example, we usually eat rice dumplings on the Dragon Boat Festival.A．customs B．services C．symbols D．holidays 28．—Can you describe what Mr. Green’s daughter is like?—Oh, she has the very ______ of Mr. Green. I’m sure you can know her at the first sight. A．photo B．voice C．look D．taste29．—Finding information is not a big deal today.—Yes. The ________ is how to tell whether the information is true or not.A．advantage B．message C．challenge D．knowledge30．I think some famous stars should pay more attention to their behavior because what they do can have a great ________ on teenagers.A．change B．impression C．progress D．influence 31．—Why are you so crazy about travelling, Wu Dong?—Travelling can offer us real________of languages, customs and cultures.A．attraction B．background C．difference D．experience 32．We should follow our teachers’________ about how to achieve a balance between our study and hobbies.A．decision B．attention C．suggestion D．introduction 33．— Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes, Tony?— Sure! Mom will be angry if she sees this ________, I think.A．matter B．mess C．trouble D．difficulty34．The police give us a lot of ________ on how to protect personal information.A．trust B．advice C．stress D．difficulty35．The number of the people using Huawei _______is getting larger and largerA．cultures B．customers C．histories D．products36．The shopkeeper gave some ________ to use my new iPhone 12 for the first time. A．directions B．attractions C．instructions D．conditions 37．The new high-speed railway connecting Zhenjiang to Lianyungang is now in ________ and it saves a lot of time.A．surprise B．spirit C．silence D．service 38．—Wow, you play the violin so well!—Thank you, but that’s the only musical ________ I can play.A．instruction B．instrument C．introduction D．invention39．So let me say here that in front of the Chinese side, the United States does not have the qualification (资格) to say that it wants to speak to China from a ________ of strength. A．situation B．position C．condition D．location40．—Do you know a Chinese called ChenGao?—Exactly, his ________ makes the whole world shocked and he becomes the youngest PHD supervisor（博导）in Math area.A．advantage B．progress C．achievement D．attention【参考答案】一、选择题1．A解析：A【详解】句意：隔壁的那个人对布鲁斯来说是陌生人。