小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘的发病特点及护理体会 李庆芳

小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘的发病特点及护理体会李庆芳

摘要] 目的：探讨分析小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘的发病特点及护理要点。方法：选取2017年2月--2018年12月来我院就诊的小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿48例，观察变异性哮喘的发病特点，并随机分为观察组和对照组，采取相同的治疗方式为患儿

进行治疗。对照组24例采用常规护理措施，观察组24例在常规护理的基础上结

合针对性的干预护理。比较两组患儿治疗效果以及复发率。结果：经本组观察研

究小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘的四季发生率春季最高。观察组患儿的治疗总有效率明显

高于对照组，复发率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘的治疗过程是比较长期、持续的，在这个过程中了解该病症的发病

特点，进行具有针对性的治疗护理措施，对提升患儿康复具有重要意义。

[关键词] 小儿咳嗽；变异性哮喘；发病特点；体会

The characteristics and nursing experience of cough variant asthma in children

Li Qing Fang

(huangpi district, wuhan city, hubei province, wuhan 430300)

[abstract] objective: to explore and analyze the characteristics and nursing points of cough variant asthma in children. Methods: a total of 48 pediatric patients with cough variant asthma who visited our hospital from February 2017 to December 2018 were selected to observe the characteristics of the onset of variant asthma and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. The children were treated with the same treatment method. The control group of 24 cases with conventional nursing measures, observation group of 24 cases on the basis of conventional nursing combined with targeted intervention nursing. The therapeutic effect and recurrence rate of the two groups were compared. Results: the incidence of cough variant asthma in children was highest in spring. The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the recurrence rate was significantly lower than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: the treatment process of cough variant asthma in children is relatively long-term and continuous. In this process, understanding the characteristics of the disease and carrying out targeted treatment and nursing measures are of great significance for improving the rehabilitation of children.

[key words] pediatric cough; Variant asthma; Pathogenic characteristics; experience 咳嗽变异性哮喘是一种潜在的支气管哮喘疾病，持续高气道反应或气道炎症是引发小儿

慢性咳嗽的主要原因。反复发作的顽固性咳嗽是小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘的唯一临床症状，再无

典型哮喘症状以及特征，易发生误诊和延误最佳治疗时机，对患儿身心健康以及生活质量造

成较大影响。研究显示，依据咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿的发病特点实施对症全面护理干预，能够

有效改善患儿哮喘症状与舒适度，保证治疗顺利进行，护理效果显著。本次研究为探讨小儿

咳嗽变异性哮喘的发病特点和护理措施，特选择我院48例咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿的临床资料

进行分析，详细报告如下。

1 临床资料

1.1 一般资料选取2017年2月--2018年12月来我院就诊的小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿48例，

男28例，女20例，年龄11个月--13岁，平均年龄(7.8±2.6)岁，病程3个月--2年，全部患儿符合中国哮喘协会制定的《儿童哮喘诊断标准》，患儿均有顽固性咳嗽、胸片与血象检测正常、胸部听诊无明显啰音。患儿家属同意并签订知情同意书，及本院伦理委员会签订同意书。随机将患儿分为观察组24例和对照组24例。两组患儿年龄、性别、病程等一般资料比较差

异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 对照组采用常规护理措施，进行病房卫生、观察检查、基础护理以及用药指导等方面的

护理服务。

1.2.2 观察组采取常规护理的基础上结合针对性的干预护理具体包括：①对严重咳嗽患儿采

用半卧位，进行观察记录患儿呼吸、脉搏、面部特征等，及时对患儿进行药物治疗控制。②