人教版高中英语必修二第4讲:Unit2 The Olympic Games-语法篇(教师版)
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Unit2 The Olympic Games-语法篇
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通过本节课的学习掌握一般将来时的被动语态的用法。
一般将来时的被动语态
一.常见结构
1.will/shall +be+done
Will those old buidings be pulled down next week?
2.be going to + be+done
This letter is going to be typed and sent off immediately.
3.be to + be+done
The question is to be discussed at the next meeting.
4.will/shall+get+done
The workers will get paid before the end of December.
二.基本用法
一般将来时的被动语态表示“……将要被……”,其意义有:
1.表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作;
The work will be finished in two days.
2.表示有固定条件就会规律性结果。
Heated to 100℃,water will be turned into steam.
3.在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。
If I am given enough time, I will go to Hawaii for my holiday.
如果我有足够的时间,我将会去夏威夷度假。
注意:
(1)短语动词变被动时不能漏掉介词或副词。
(2)含有情态动词的被动结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
(3)含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时,应根据需要将其中的一个宾语变成被动句的主语,另一个宾语保持不变,需在间接宾语前加介词to或for.
He will tell me a funny story.
I will be told a funny story.
A funny story will be told to me.
(4)主动句谓语动词带有复合宾语时,应将宾语变成被动句的主语,而将宾语补足语保持不变(这时的宾语补足语成为主语补足语)。
(5)使用一般将来时的被动语态时,应注意以下两点:
在时间、条件状语从句中,应使用现在时表示将来时。同样,应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。例如:
He says he will leave the pany if he is punished for this.
When the dam is pleted,the Changjiang River will be controlled.
三.不能变为被动语态的情况。
1.连系动词、不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。
The story happened last year.
2.有些及物动词也没有被动语态。如:have(有),equal(等于),fit(适合),hold(容纳),join(参加),mean(意味着),last(持续),cost(花费),look like(看起来),belong to(属于)等。
The book costs him 20 dollars.
3.动词look, smell ,sound, feel, taste用作连系动词时,不用于被动语态,但有被动含义。
Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很柔软。
4.一些动词,像write, sell, wash, open, wear, lock等,如表示主语的性能时,不用被动语态。
The pen writes well. 这支笔书写流利。
例1.(2014甘肃天水期末) –Has the problem been solved?
-Not yet. It _________at tomorrow’s meeting.
A. is discussed
B. has discussed
C. will be discussed
D. had discussed
解析:由句意可知“这个问题还没有解决,这个问题需在明天的会议上讨论。”这里的“it”指代的为“the problem”它和动词discuss之间为动宾关系,且时间是tomorrow所以要用一般将来时的被动。答案:C
例2. (2014安徽阜阳期中) I have been told that the medical team, ______five doctors and ten nurses, _____sent to the flood –stricken area.
A. consisted of; are to be
B. is consisted of; will be
C. consisting of; is to be
D. consisting of; had been
解析:考查现在分词做定语和时态:句意:我被告知由5个医生10个护士组成的医疗小组将要被送往洪灾地区。consist of= be made up of用的时候是主动的,非谓语结构式consisting of,第一空排除AB,主句是I’ve been told从句中不可能是过去完成时,用be to do表示将来时。
答案:C
例3. (2014吉林长春期中) Only when your identity has been checked_________.
A. you are allowed to
B. you will be allowed in
C. will you allow in
D. will you be allowed in
解析:考查倒装句和语态。Only放在句首,且强调状语的时候,使用部分倒装的形式,本题only放在句首,强调的是时间状语从句when your identity has been checked故使用部分倒装的形式.根据句意说明使用被动的形式.句意:只有当你的身份被检查以后,你才被允许进入。综合可知本题答案。
答案:D
例4. (2015四川高考More expressways _________ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
A. are being built
B. will be built
C. have been built
D. had been built
解析:考查时态。本句为时态题,根据时间状语soon可知,考查了将来时,且主语expressways和谓语动词built之间为动宾关系,所以要有被动语坊。句意为:四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。
答案:B
例5.( 2015安徽高考) It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to e.
A. will be building
B. will be built
C. has been building
D. has been built “解析:句意:据报道,人们在接下来的几年里将在月球上建一个空间站。根据“in years to e”可知用将来时,space station和build是动宾关系,应该使用被动语态,
答案:B
基础演练
一.单项选择。从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( )1. We are told that a new car factory _____ here next year.
A. will set up
B. will be set up
C. would set up
D. would be set up ( )2. The 2008 Olympic Games _____ in Beijing; several big changes _____ in the capital city.
A. is held; will make
B. will be held; will make
C. will be held; will be made
D. is held; make ( )3. You _____ to take so much luggage with you on the plane.
A. will be allowed
B. will allow
C. won’t be allowed
D. won’t allow ( )4. You _____ around our school this afternoon. Now, please have a good rest.
A. are shown
B. were shown
C. are going to be shown
D. will show ( )5. Can you tell me by whom the talk _____ tomorrow?
A. will give
B. will be given
C. give
D. be given
Keys:
1.B
2.C
3.C
4.C
5.B