自考英语本科毕业综合试题

I. Vocabulary (Choose one alternative that can best complete the blank): 20%1. _____ from the hill, the park is beautiful.A. SeeingB. Be seenC. SeesD. Seen2. Without your help, I ______ my final exam.A. failedB. have failedC. would have failedD. would fail3. Some praised her, _______ others condemned her.A. otherwiseB. whereasC. sinceD. for4. His phone ______ for nearly two minutes, I wonder why he doesn’t answer it.A. rangB. has rungC. has been ringingD. is ringing5. _____ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A. AsB. WhatC. ThatD. Now that6. Mother made a promise ______ I passed the examination she would buy me a laptop.A. thatB. ifC. whetherD. that if7. I got the gift from my best friend. I regarded it as ______ other gifts.A. superior thanB. more superior thanC. more superior toD. superior to8. You ______ park your car here.A. are not toB. won’tC. don’tD. are not going to9. ______ the first to use nuclear weapons.A. At no time China will beB. At no time will China beC. Never China will beD. Will China never be10. Five years in a strange land ______ a long time.A. look likeB. sound likeC. seems likeD. feels like11. Today’s ______ is a major cause of environmental degradation.A. consumptionB. cemeteryC. cathedralD. centimeter12. They ______ the right to negotiate a contract.A. desertB. deserveC. despiseD. destine13. Drug induced _______ of great bodily harm.A. inflationB. inflictionC. indigestionD. influence14. Too many lives and homes are lost each year, due to not taking this _______A. presenceB. premierC. precautionD. preference15. _______! The chill is coming.A. Bundle outB. Bundle offC. Bundle inD. Bundle up16. If you are likely to do something, you are _______ to do it.A. lawfulB. legalC. liableD. lame17. But no, we lived on, poorly but stable, to _______ another long week.A. worry throughB. worry aboutC. worry atD. worry out18. I have heard about Mr. Smith whom I am not acquainted ______.A. byB. ofC. overD. with19. He achieved what he set out to do, but _______ his life.A. at the cost ofB. By way ofC. in consequence ofD. in the face of20. ______ being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.A. As forB. Apart fromC. Because ofD. In accordance withII. Cloze Test (Fill in each blank with ONE word only): 10%Minimalism is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need. Minimalist living, in simplest terms, is to live ____1____ as less as possible, mentally and ____2____ until you achieve peace of mind. Results that ensue ____3____ less stress, more time, and increased happiness. Minimalists like to say that they’re living ____4____ meaningfully, more deliberately, and that the minimalist lifestyle allows them to focus ____5____ what’s more important in life: friends, hobbies, travel, and experiences. Of course, minimalism ____6____ mean there’s anything inherently wrong with owning material possessions. Today’s problem seems to ____7____ that we tend to give too much meaning ____8____ our things, often forsaking our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves. In addition to its ____9____ in people’s daily life, minimalism also finds application in many ____10____ disciplines, including art, architecture, design, dance, film making, theater, music, fashion, photography and literature.III. Reading comprehension (20%)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers on your Answer Sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Passage OneClimate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits within which organisms can survive, Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur. In the harsh conditions of the tundra, for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.Animals, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have an extremely limited distribution. Others, such as bears, are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climate. Ocean-dwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes —in this case temperature and salinity — as land animals. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of “miniature climate” that can be taken with them everywhere.1. The underlined word “endure” in paragraph one means _____.A. keep silentB. surrenderC. sufferD. to be defeated2. According to the passage, plants in the tundra grow in the ground _____.A. to avoid being eaten by artic animalsB. to minimize exposure to the coldC. because fertilizer is not readily availableD. because unfrozen water supplies are very scarce3. The passage is mainly about _______.A. the distribution of plantsB. the changes of climateC. the differences between animals and plantsD. the influence of climate on the distribution of life on Earth4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Animals are less influenced by climate than plants.B. Bears are inflexible to adapt to a broad range of climate.C. Some corals live only in the clear and warm part of the sea.D. Sensitive foraminifers are used to measure the cleanness of seawater.5. According to the passage, human beings can survive almost everywhere on earth because _____.A. They have developed advanced forms of transportation.B. They have learned how to process seawater for drinkingC. Their body temperature can vary considerablyD. Their shelters and clothes help them to adapt themselves to the environmentQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Passage TwoAmerica is a country of immigrants. Nearly the entire population can trace its origins to some place outside of the U.S. People with the longest period of residence in North America are American Indians. It is believed that they migrated from Asia several thousand years ago. Many of these colonists came from England and settled along the Atlantic coast. Other colonists came from Spain and settled in Florida and in the southwestern part of the country. When the colonists had established themselves, large numbers of Americans were forced to come to North America as slaves.These people have come to the U.S. for many reasons. Some came in order to make better lives for themselves in a new country. Others came so that they could worship their religions more freely. Many immigrants left their homelands because of war, political unrest or bad economic and living conditions.Although most immigrants chose to come to the U.S. themselves, they often suffered hardships getting to the country. The conditions in which many people lived when they first arrived were very difficult. However, most immigrants managed to establish themselves and have good lives in the U.S. The U.S. today is called the “melting pot”, since people who came from different countries have all become Americans.6. According to the passage, the oldest American residents were _____.A. American Indians who came from AsiaB. Colonists who came from EnglandC. Immigrants who came from SpainD. Workers who came from Africa.7. Many Americans, who were driven to North America, acted as _____ originally.A. workersB. businessmenC. slavesD. residents8. One of the reasons why many Europeans came to America was that _____.A. they hoped to become owners of factories or farmsB. they wanted to keep their religious beliefsC. they overheard that America was a land of adventureD. they had heard a lot about its richness at home9. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. When immigrants first came to America, most of them were disappointed.B. Asians were not welcomed in America a couple of centuries ago.C. American black people are much richer than their ancestors.D. Most European immigrants had high hopes for their move to America.10. The phrase “melting pot” in the last paragraph indicates that _____.A. People who first came to America suffered hardshipsB. immigrants from different countries mix well with each other.C. American people like to move from one place to anotherD. People in America govern the country by themselves.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Passage ThreeAdvertising is essential to the kind of society in which people in the United Kingdom, and a very considerable proportion of the world at large, live. Advertising is necessary as a means of telling them about the goods and services that are offered. Advertising helps a great deal to promote a rising standard of living.In talking about advertising, one should not think only in terms of a commercial on television, or an advertisement in the newspapers or periodicals. In its wildest sense, advertising includes a host of other activities such as packaging, shop displays and ——in the sense of communication ——even the spoken word of the salesman. After all, the roots of advertising are to be found in the market place.For many years it was thought that it was enough to produce goods and supply services. It is only more recently that it has become increasingly understood that the production of goods is a waste of resources unless those goods can be sold at a fair price within a reasonable time span.Of course, advertising does try to attract the interest of the potential consumer, but if the article when purchased does not match up to the standards that the advertising suggests that it will, it is obviously exceedingly unlikely that the article will sell well.11. According to the passage, advertising is important to ______.A. every potential consumer in the worldB. large countries on the worldC. people with a high standard of livingD. a large number of people in the world12. Advertising has its origins in ______.A. shop window displays and the wrapping of goodsB. articles in newspapers and magazinesC. the communicative abilities of a trained sales personD. face to face contact between sellers and buyers13. People have realised that resources are wasted if goods ______.A. are not of lasting valueB. are not sold at a high priceC. remain unsold for a long timeD. remain unsold in export markets14. The passage makes a point that goods will sell well if _______.A. advertisements are well designedB. advertisements reflect the true value of themC. enough money is spent on advertisingD. they are of high quality15. The best title of this passage would be _______.A. Benefits of AdvertisingB. A Brief History of Advertising in the UKC. Limitations of AdvertisingD. Production and AdvertisingQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Passage FourGreenspace facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately, it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance greenspaces in the urban environment is a first step on the right way; this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. This passage will only focus on the recreational function of greenspace facilities.The separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has resulted in improper attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreation possibilities in the directneighborhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time, which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more must-be-done activities can also have a recreation aspect. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, or if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great.16. According to the author, the importance of greenspaces in the urban environment _______.A. is still unknownB. is being closely studiedC. is usually neglectedD. has been fully recognized17. The separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to ______.A. the bad proportion of recreation facilities in the neighborhoodB. the location of recreation facilities far from homeC. relatively little attention for recreation possibilitiesD. the improvement of recreation possibilities in the neighborhood18. The author suggests that the recreation possibilities of greenspace should be provided _______ .A. in special areasB.in the suburbsC. in the neighborhood of the houseD. in gardens and parks19. According to the author, greenspace facilities should be designed in such a way that _______.A. more must-be-done activities might take on a recreation aspectB. more and more people might have access to themC. an increasing member of recreation activities might be developedD. recreation activities might be brought into our homes20. The main idea of this passage is that _______.A. better use of greenspace facilities should be made so at as to improve the quality of our lifeB. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreation possibilitiesC. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years agoD. priority must be given to the development of must-be-done activitiesIV. Translation from English to Chinese: 15%In summary, the humanities help to create well-rounded human beings with insight and understanding of the passions, hopes and dreams common to all humanity. The humanities, the ancient timeless reservoir of knowledge, teach us to see things differently and broaden our horizons. They are as useful and relevant in our modern age as they have always been. Doesn’t it make sense to spend some time in the company of the humanities, our outstanding and remarkable treasure of knowledge? Who knows how famous YOU might become!V. Translation from Chinese to English: 15%网上购物相对于亲自去商店购物有很多好处。