火攻矫正工艺-中英文

火工矫正程序

Procedure for Distortion Correction by Flame

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公司订单Order No. 通用火工矫正程序General Procedure for Distortion

Correction by Flame

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No. S02 THM 2012 001 A0

版本Version A0

页码Pages 1/25 2012-11-27 / /

使用部门Department 生产部办公室/加工科/组立一科/组立二科/组立三科/品质保证部

Fabrication Office/Processing Section/1st Assembly Section/2nd Assembly Section/3rd Assembly Section/QA Dept

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1 火工矫正的目的Purposes

火工校正主要是用来消除钢板扎制、热切割、焊接产生的残余应力和变形。在焊接钢结构制造中最主要是用来对焊接变形的校正。

Distortion correction by flame is mainly used for eliminating the resident strength and distortion from plates rolling, heat cutting and welding. In welding steel structures this process mainly applies for the correction of welding distortion.

2 火工校正的原理Principle

火焰矫正是利用金属热胀冷缩的物理特性，采用火焰局部加热金属，热膨胀部分受周围冷金属的制约，不能自由变形，而产生压塑性变形，冷却后压塑性变形残留下来，引起局部收缩，即在被加热处产生积聚力，使金属构件变形获得矫正。

Flame correction is based on the characteristic of steel expanding with heat and contracting with cold. After partial heating of the steel, the pressing distortion coming from pressure of heated parts will contract when cooling down, creating strength in pre-heated place, so as to correct the distorted metals.

3 焊接变形的种类Distortion Groups

3.1 纵向收缩变形Longitudinal Contract Distortion

构件焊后在焊缝方向产生收缩。焊接结构焊后出现的收缩变形是难以修复的，必须在构件下料时加放余量。The metal contracts in the direction of welding seam and this contracting distortion is hard to correct. During material preparation, this must be seriously considered and leave enough allowance.

3.2 横向收缩变形Horizontal Contract Distortion

构件焊后在焊缝横向产生收缩。焊接结构焊后出现的收缩变形是难以修复的，必须在构件下料时加放余量。The metal contracts in the direction of horizontal welding seam and this contracting distortion is hard to correct. During material preparation, this must be seriously considered and leave enough allowance.

3.3 角变形Angle Distortion

构件焊后，构件的平面围绕焊缝发生的角位移。主要是由于焊缝截面形状不对称，或施焊层次不合理致使焊缝在厚度方向上横向收缩量不一致引起的。The angle move around the weld seam after welding and this mainly occurs because of asymmetric of welding sections or inappropriate welding layers, which lead to the different contracting in the direction of weld thickness.

3.4 波浪变形Wave Distortion

薄板焊后易产生这种失稳变形，形状呈波浪状。产生原因是由于焊缝的纵向和横向收缩在拘束度较小结构部位造成较大的压应力而引起的变形，或由几个互相平行的角焊缝横向收缩产生的角变形而引起的组合变形，或由上述两种原因共同作用而产生的变形。Thin plates will occur wave distortion after welding because of the strength from contracts in the longitudinal and horizontal direction of welding seam, or from the combined angle distortion caused by the horizontal contracts of several paralleled fillet welds, or both above.

3.5 弯曲变形Bending Distortion

构件焊后发生弯曲。弯曲变形是由纵向收缩引起和或横向收缩引起。Bending distortion happens after welding because of longitudinal and horizontal contracts.

3.6 扭曲变形Warping Distortion