非谓语动词作状语的易错点

非谓语动词作状语的易错点
动词是英语学习的中济砥柱.非谓语励词更是热黒考点，非谓语励词作状语则是被运用得最多的。

非谓语动词作状语的正确运用体现了英语水平的扎实。

在鞍学中，如果把几个易错点让学生墓握好，让学生用正确方法思考，不仅避免非谓语动词作状语时张冠李戴，还可以使学生领悟非谓语动词作状语与作其他成分的区别.达到有的放矢的应用解题。

1、位置问题。

（1）非谓语动词作状语放在句首，一般会有逗号与主句隔开。

T o complete the project in time, the staff were work ing at weeke nds. （2009 天津，4）
En couraged by the adva nces in the tech no logy, many farmers have set up wide farms on their land. （2009 天津，4）
Tired but excited, tourists rushed to the adventurous activities.
Tired but excited tourists rushed to the adventurous activities.（定语）
（2）非谓语动词作状语放在句末，有无标点，含义常不同。

They worked hard in school to en ter a key college. （表目的）
They worked hard in school, en teri ng a key college. （表结果）
They worked hard in schoo l, just / only to find it in vain. （表意想不至U的结果）
He was busy writing a story, only stopping once in a while to smoke a cigarette. （表伴随）
Lucy ' s new job paid twice as much as she had made working in the estaurant.（表时间）
2、逻辑主语应准确。

非谓语动词作状语，非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，非谓语动词的动作与主句的主
语应有正确的逻辑关系：主谓或动宾关系，否则表达出来的句子就是错句。

（误）Reading the letter, tears came to her eyes.
（正）Reading the letter, she started to cry.
（误）To find the in formati on, the en tire book was read.
（正）To find the in formati on, I had to read the en tire book.
（误）Once lost, one can not get such a good chanee.
（正）Once lost, such a cha nee will n ever come back.
3、非谓语动词形式的混淆。

（1）doing 禾口having done
a. in the fields on a March after noon, he could feel the warmth of spri ng. （2008 安徽，30）
A. To walk
B. Walki ng
C. Walked
D. Havi ng walked
析：选B。

非谓语动词作时间状语，逻辑主语是he,与walk为主谓关系；且walk的动作与
谓语could feel是同时或几乎同时发生，故用Walking。

b. in the queue for half an hour, the old man sudde nly realized he had left the cheque in the car. （2008 福建，22）
A. Waiti ng
B. To wait
C. Havi ng waited
D. To have waited
析：选C。

非谓语动词作时间状语，逻辑主语是the old man,与wait为主谓关系；且wait
的动作明显比谓语realized先发生，故用Having waited。

（2） doing 和done
their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.（2008 天津，4)
A. To throw
B. Throw n
C. Throw ing
D. Bei ng throw n
析：选C。

非谓语动词作伴随状语，逻辑主语是the fa ns of the winning team，与throw为主
谓关系；而 B. Thrown 表示与逻辑主语the fans of the winning team 是动宾关系。

(3) done, having do ne 禾口having been done
a. twice, the postma n refused to deliver our letters uni ess we cha ined our dog.( 2009 北京，34)
A. Bei ng bitte n
B. Bitte n
C. Havi ng bitte n
D. To be bitte n
析：选B。

A. Being bitten 正在被咬”，极少作状语；B. Bitten 被咬了”，表示被动或完成
的动作在此作原因状语； C. Having bitten 已经咬了 "表示已经完成的动作； D. To be bitten 为了被咬”表示目的。

b. many times, he still did n tartcunders
A. Told
B. Telli ng
C. Havi ng told
D. Havi ng bee n told
析：选D。

非谓语动词作让步状语，逻辑主语是he,与tell为动宾关系；且tell的动作明显
比谓语understand先发生，故用Having been told ;而A. Told 侧重表示动宾关系； B. Telling 表示主谓关系；C. Having told 虽表示告诉”比理解”先发生，但与逻辑主语之间为主谓关系。

(4) to do作状语放在句首，只表示目的。

The project as planned, we ' ll have to work two more hours a da湖I 南00830) A. Completi ng B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
析：选D。

句意：为了按计划完成项目，我们每天得多工作两小时。

因此，在教与学过程中，只有弄懂非谓语动词作状语的位置特点，把握逻辑关系，明晰非谓语动词各种形式的表达意义，才能遇题迎难而上，真正学好非谓语动词这一重要语法。