核专业英语词汇

核电厂专业英语词汇

人工的artificial化学键chemical bond化合物compound上标superscript下标subscript放射性的radioactive加权平均weighted mean质量mass单位，机组unit质量亏损mass defect结合能binding energy动能kinetic energy

势能potential, potential energy排斥repulsion吸引attraction轰击bombardment发射（出）emission (n.), emit (v.)能级energy level裂变fission 聚变fusion衰变decay核反应nuclear reaction链式反应chain reaction

辐射，射线radiation可裂变的fissionable易裂变的fissile碎片fragment激发excite静电的electrostatic

（二）放射性

相互作用interaction摄入ingest吸入inhale动能kinetic energy势能potential (energy)量子quantum屏蔽shielding正电子positron加速器accelerator放射性radioactivity湮灭annihilation光电效应photoelectric effect

（三）核反应

衰减attenuation放大amplification弹性的elastic非弹性的inelastic

宏观截面macroscopic cross section微观截面microscopic cross section

转变，转化transmutation扩散diffusion

热核反应堆thermonuclear reactor

（四）核材料

燃料fuel燃料芯块fuel pellet慢化剂moderator冷却剂coolant包壳cladding 控制棒control rod

密度density热导率，传热系数thermal conductivity比热specific heat粘性viscosity饱和saturation热力性质，热物性thermodynamic property

反应性reactivity升华sublime

金属间化合物inter-metallic compound裂变产物fission product

裂变碎片fission fragment腐蚀产物corrosion product冷轧cold pressing烧结sintering开裂crack蠕变creep

高温气冷堆High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR)

（中子）通量展平flux-shaping

（五）核反应堆理论

自持的链式反应self-sustaining chain reaction燃料循环fuel cycle临界(a) critical次临界(a) subcritical超临界(a) supercritical

临界(n) criticality临界尺寸critical size共振resonance

弹性散射碰撞elastic scattering collision热中子利用系数thermal utilization factor慢化slow down

换料(v) refuel快中子增殖反应堆，快堆Fast Breeding Reactor (FBR)

堆芯，活性区core再生区blanket

半透膜semi-permeable membrane旋转spin (过去分词：spun)

热中子反应堆，热堆thermal reactor

快堆fast reactor

（十）压水反应堆

压水反应堆，压水堆Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)蒸汽发生器steam generator一次侧primary side二次侧secondary side

发电机electrical generator, generator燃料芯块fuel pellet包壳cladding

堆芯core给水泵feed(water) pump

反应堆（压力）容器reactor vessel, pressure vessel硼酸boric acid化学补偿控制chemical shim control堆坑reactor pit气密的airtight再生区blanket

用户，业主，业界utility卖主，供应商vendor, supplier制造商manufacturer 多重屏障multiple barriers纵深防御defense in depth冗余性redundancy多样性diversity独立性independence包容contain

安全级safety class失效failure

安全功能safety function反应堆冷却剂系统Reactor Coolant System (RCS)

在役检查inservice inspection汽水分离器moisture separator

干燥器steam dryer堆内构件reactor internals反应堆冷却剂泵，主泵reactor coolant pump (RCP), main pump稳压器pressurizer

波动管surge line剖视图sectional view一次冷却剂primary coolant主蒸汽main steam反应性引入reactivity insertion浓度concentration信号调理signal conditioning反应堆紧急停堆reactor trip汽机脱扣turbine trip可靠性reliability 规范，法规code燃耗burnup

（十一）反应堆容器与堆内构件

监视surveillance样品，试样specimen安装mount临界值，限值threshold （机）接合，啮合，对位engage凸缘，凸起部，轮毂boss

逐渐变细的tapered圆顶dome围板shroud

（十二）反应堆堆芯与燃料

可燃吸收棒burnable absorber rod固有安全性inherent safety非能动安全passive safety能动安全active safety

套管，套筒sleeve定位格架spacer grid

星形架，蜘蛛spider

（十三）压水堆冷却剂系统主要设备

U形管蒸汽发生器U-tube steam generator

核供汽系统Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS)一次系统primary system 二次系统secondary system主蒸汽main steam汽轮机，透平机械turbine

给水与凝汽系统feed and condensate system热管段，热腿hot leg冷管段，冷腿cold leg堵管裕量tube plugging margin

在¼¼情况下in the event of换热器heat exchanger (HX)

节热器，省煤器economiz给水feedwater

一次进口水室inlet plenum一次进口接管primary inlet nozzle