第17讲 .名词性从句

1 什么是名词性从句？
4. The news that workers will be better paid next year has spread across the country.
工人明年加薪的消息已传遍这个国家。 that workers will be better paid next year为 The news 的同位语。
It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.
其它常见句型：
• It is well known that... 众所周知... • It happens/happened that...碰巧... • It turns/turned out that...结果... • It occurred to me that...我突然想到... • It has been found/proved that...已经
1 什么是名词性从句？
2. I was told that hot food was well received here. 我听说辣的食物在这里很受欢迎。 that hot food was well received here在句中作宾语。
3. The problem is that all of us lack experience. 问题是我们都缺乏经验。 that all of us lack experience在句中作表语。
2.It+be+名词词组 （a pity,no wonder,no surprise,anhonour,etc.）
It is a pity that we can't go. It is no surprise that our team has won the game.
3.It+be+过去分词 （said,reported,thought,expected,decided,etc.）
3
当主句为一般现在时，从句可以灵活使用各 种时态，此时主从句时态重在逻辑上的一致性。 当主句为一般过去时，从句只能使用过去的某种 时态，此时主从句时态重在形式上的一致性，但 如果从句表达客观真理时，从句时态仍然用一般 现在时。
4 名词性从句的语序有何特点？
翻译下列句子，注意每组句子的语序特点 1. (1)体检前我们可以喝水吗？
3 名词性从句与主句的时态有何联系？
用所给动词的适当形式完成句子
1. I believe nobody___________(live) here.
2. Mother said that honest _______(be) the best policy.
3. Mother told me that the key ______(lie) in the
everyone in his office.
同位语从句
5.He will talk to us about what he sawible that I go and attend the meeting.
主语从句
What I want to do is taking a bath. (主从)
发现/证明... • It must be pointed out that...必须指
出...
• 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相 信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词 要用 虚拟语气 “(should) +do”，常用的 句型有：
• It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
The news that they won the game spread the
whole school. (同位语从句) I don’t think he is an honest boy.
(宾从)
The fact is that he stole the car. (表从) Do you know the fact that he stole the car?
5. I quite agree with what you said at the meeting. 我非常同意你在会上说的话。 what you said at the meeting作(agree)with的宾语。
1.How the book will sell depends on its author.
• 1.It+be+形容词 (certain,obvious,true,necessary,important,fun ny,probable,etc.)
It is certain that she will do well in the exam. It is probable that he told her everything.
Can we drink water before the medical examination? 一般疑问句语序。
(2)我不知道体检前我们是否可以喝水。 I don't know if /whether we can drink water before the medical examination. 引导词后为陈述语序。
2 名词性从句的引导词有哪些？
翻译下列句子，并指出名词性从句引导词的含 义及在从句中充当的成分
1. The trouble that he has lost her address troubles him a lot.
他弄丢了她的地址这件麻烦事使他觉得很为难。 同位语从句引导词that在从句中无含义，也不充当 任何成分。
• 引导名词性从句的连接词： • that（无意义，不可省，不充当任何
成分）
• whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从 句内容的不确定性）
• as if ,as though（均表示“好像”， “似乎”）
• 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
• 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever
smallest drawer.
答案
1. lives/lived/ has lived/ is living
2. is
3. lay
3 名词性从句与主句的时态有何联系？
4. The police found the safe________(unlock) by the thief. 答案 had been unlocked (如填unlocked则理解为宾补)
7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the
meeting.
8) When they’ll start the project has not been decided
yet.
• 一.以that引导的主语从句
• that是纯连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，不翻译，置于 句首不能省略；这类从句大多情况要置于句子后面，而用it 作形式主语。常见句型有:
2 名词性从句的引导词有哪些？
2. Whether the meeting will be put off remains unknown to us.
会议是否推迟我们还不知道。主语从句引 导词whether在从句中有含义，意为“是否”， 但不充当任何成分。
3. It is because too much rain has fallen this season. 这是因为这个季节雨水太多。 表语从句引
• 连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问 含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的 成分
1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分， 本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略
2。不充当介宾 3。 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。
主语从句
2.John said that he was leaving for London on
Wednesday. 宾语从句
3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
表语从句
4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs
(同位语从句)
Do you know the man who is standing over
there?
(定从)
It is said that they won the game. (主从)
1
在复合句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、 介词宾语的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功 能相当于名词，根据它在句中不同的语法功能， 可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语 从句。
why在从句中有含义，意为“为什么”或“…… 的原因”，也充当成分，在从句中作原因状语。
2 名词性从句的引导词有哪些？
6. This is where the Red Army lived.
这是红军住过的地方。表语从句引导词 where在从句中有含义，意为“在……地方”或 “……的地方”， 也充当成分，在从句中作地点 状语。
4 名词性从句的语序有何特点？
3. (1)我们为什么应该学好英语？ Why should we learn English well? 特殊疑问句语
序。(2)我们为什么应该学好英语不需要进一步解释。
Why we should learn English well doesn't need any further explanation.引导词后为陈述语序。