英语四级翻译

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3)最后,结合待翻译的文字在句子中所处的 位置与功能,根据句法结构理顺语言。
翻译基本考点
①语法结构 Grammar Structure
②重点单词 Key Words 固定搭配 Set Phrases
第一部分:语法结构
考察的语法点: Ⅰ. 动名词 Ⅱ. 虚拟语气 Ⅲ. 倒装 Ⅳ. 状语从句(最常考) Ⅴ. 定语从句
▪ nothing is more interesting than reading.
▪ 引导比较状语从句的从属连词有
▪ as...as(和……一样),not as/so...as (和……不一样),than(比),the more...the more(越……越)
定语从句
▪ 在复合句里充当定语的从句,它通常紧靠 在所修饰的名词或代词后面。
_____//_T_o_e_n_s_u_re_t_h_a_t _he__w_il_l _at_te_n_d_t_h_e_m_e_e_t_in_g_________
(为了确保他参加会议), I called him up in advance. 88. The magnificent museum ___i_s_s_a_id_t_o_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n_b_u_il_t ___________________
动名词
动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以 作主语、表语、定语等。
主语
▪ 等他是没有用的 ▪ It is no use waiting for him . ▪ 阅读是一门艺术 Reading is an art.
定语
▪ Swimming pool / walking stick
表语
▪ 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品 ▪ His part-time job is _p_ro_m__o_ti_n_g_n_e_w__p_ro_d_u_c_ts_.
比较状语 (结构)
▪ 比较状语从句通常由as或than引起。这类 从句不修饰动词,而是修饰as,so,less, more等副词,或其他比较级的词
▪ Since my childhood I have found that to me,_____________________(没有什么比 读书对我更有吸引力) (2006. 12)
▪ 表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引 导
▪ 目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。
▪ E.g. Say it louder so that everyone can hear you.
时间状语
▪ Some psychologists claim that people_______ 出门在外时可能会感到孤 独 (2006. 12 )
▪ may feel lonely when they’re away from home.
条件状语
▪ 由连接词if引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从 句。(注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合 句中,如果主句是一般将来时态,从句要 用一般现在时)
environment.
倒装(Inversion)
▪ 完全倒装:完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主 语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)
▪ 部分倒装: 即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、 情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强 调成分提前。
考点:Not only 引起的部分倒装 (助动词提前)
要点提示 ① not only… but also 如连接两个成分时,不用倒装;连接句 子时, 前面的句子要用倒装。
现在:过去时(were/did) 过去:过去完成时(had done) 未来:would/could/might
+V. should(不常用)
✓ I wish I were a millionaire. ✓ The exhibition was so bored that I wish I had not
(给游客印象最深的) was the friendliness and warmth of the local people. 91. They requested that
___I_r_et_u_rn__th_e_b_o_r_ro_w_e_d__b_oo_k__to_t_h_e_l_ib_ra_r_y_____________
▪ 从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词 发生的目的的
为了赚更多的钱支持我的学业,母亲经常加 班,超出了她能承受的程度
mother often takes on more work than is good for her. (2006. 6) ▪ In order to make money to support my schooling
▪ He suggests that she should leave the dangerous house at once.
三、虚拟语气用于主语从句中
▪ (1)It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形
例:她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。 She speaks Russian not only in class but (also) at home.
not only... but (also)... 连接两个分句,当not only位于句首, 前一个分句常用倒装来表示强调,而but (also)后的分句仍用 陈述语序。
gone to it. ✓ I wish I could buy a spaceship some day.
▪ 2.用于表示意愿,建议,命令,请求,提议等动词后 的that宾语从句中,用(should)+动词原形,这类动词 有:ask, advise, command, decide, demand, desire,
Should/would/could/might+v.
Exercise
I分f y钟ou来ha的d c话om),eyaoufewwomuinlduthesaveearmlieer t
(早几 him.
二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中
1. wish引起的
▪ 表示愿望的虚拟语气
▪ wish +(that)+主语 +
CET Translation
▪ 1.简介 在四级新题型考试中,翻译题所占
分值为5%。由5个句子组成,要求考生 将句子的一部分由中文翻译成英文。它 考查的内容主要包括两部分,一是意群 的表达,二是句法。
2.解题技巧 1)首先,确定关键词(一般由两个词或词组
组成),寻找可能的英文相应表达;
2)然后,利用相应的语法结构或功能连接方 式(connectives)将两个英文词或词组连 接起来;
▪ Please come here at ten tomorrow morning_______ (如果你方便的话) (2007. 6.)
▪ if it’s convenient for you.
▪ 连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on
condition that, provided, suppose, supposing 等。
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)
表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是 说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
受害者本来会有机会活下来,如果他能被及 时送到医院。 The victim __m_i_g_h_t _h_av_e__s_u_rv_iv_e_d__ if he had been taken to hospital in time. (2006.12)
(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago. 89. There would be no life on earth
__w_it_h_o_ut_i_ts_u_n_i_q_u_e_e_n_vi_ro_n_m__en_t__//_b_u_t _fo_r_it_s_u_n_iq_u_e_e_n_v_ir_o_nment (没有地球独特的环境). 90. ___W_h_a_t_im__pr_e_s_s_ed__th_e_t_o_u_ri_st_s_m__os_t_________
determine, insist, propose, order, require, request,
suggest…
▪ 1.insist
一个坚持
▪ 2. order, command
两个命令
▪ 3. advise, suggest, propose
三个建议
▪ 4. demand , require, request, desire 四个要求
一、条件句的虚拟情况
句型
条件从句
对现在的虚拟 were/did
对过去的虚拟 had done
主句 should/would/could/might+v. should/would/could/might+ have+done
1.were/did 对将来的虚拟 2.were to
3.should+v.
▪ The prevention and treatment of AIDS is the field_____________. (我们可以合作的 领域 ) (2007.6)
▪ where we can cooperate
▪ 87.
翻译
____T_o_e_n_s_u_re_h_i_s_a_tt_e_n_da_n_c_e_a_t_th_e__m_e_e_ti_ng_____________
状语从句(adverbial clauses)
1) 目的状语 (adverbial clauses of purpose) 2) 时间状语 (adverbial clauses of time) 3) 条件状语 (adverbial clauses of condition) 4) 比较状语 (结构) (adverbial clauses of
正常结构: He not only overcharged me, but he didn’t do a good repair job either.
▪ ②only 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语 从句放在句首时,要用:
▪ only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及 其他
▪ e.g. ▪ 你只有在早晨见到他。 ▪ Only in the morning can you meet him.
comparison or comparative constructions ) 5) 结果状语(adverbial of result)、原因状语
(adverbial of reason)、方式状语(adverbial of manner)、地点状语(adverbial of place)
目的状语
李小姐不但喜欢音乐,而且还喜欢体育。 Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports.
Not only did he overcharge me (他向 我收费过高), ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ut he didn’t do a good repair job either.
▪ It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign langua.ge
(我们掌握一门外语)
四、用于表语从句
▪ 主语为表示建议。要求,命令等的名词 如: ▪ insistence, order, advice ,suggestion,
requirement 等
▪ My suggestion is that English test( should) be read aloud by students every morning.
▪ 五、It is (about/high) time that+ 主语 +should do/ 过去时
▪ 我们应该保护我们的环境了。 ▪ It is time that we should protect our
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