大学综合英语7,unit7,课件
新编大学英语(第四版)综合教程3教学课件u7-2
Reading 2 Text exploration
Sample answer:
1) Artificial intelligence As you can imagine, creating these replicas via crowdsourced 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. Increasingly, artificial intelligence algorithms are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing enormous amounts of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. This will enable even more accurate and extensive archiving and even better replicas to be created.
Reading 2 Text exploration
Pre-reading questions
Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage is passed down through the generations. It is in the buildings and structures around us. It is in the art and artifacts we treasure. It lives in the language we speak and the stories we tell. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past — but ironically, it is now the most essential weapon in the battle. How is technology preserving our cultural heritage?
大学英语综合教程第三册 Unit7 完整ppt课件
Life of a Salesman
Betrayed by a crippled body that leaves him in continual pain, betrayed by a changing world that no longer needs him, Bill Porter each day trudges his door-to-door sales territory, set on making his way in the world
Sunday, November 19, 1995
The portrait of Bill Porter
Part III Cultural Notes
Salesmanship: Sales promotion is an element of the marketing process that can close the sale of goods or services to a potential customer by providing the incentive to make a positive purchasing decision. Sales promotion, advertising, and salesmanship are the major techniques used in merchandising products to the public. Salesmanship often takes the form of a face-to-face encounter between the buyer and seller; the presentation is set up to convince customers that the product on sale is essential to their satisfaction. The lack of personal feedback between buyer and seller is sometimes considered a drawback of the advertising approach. Selling by telephone, although it is significantly less effective than personal selling, is still considered an important method of merchandising. In the 1980s, a growing promotional technique involved in-home shopping programs using cable television channels. In recent years with the help of the Internet online shopping is becoming popular.
【免费】新编英语教程7课文讲解(综合英语7)
A New English Course (Level 7)Unit OneText IEnglish and American Concepts of SpaceI. About the Author --- Edward Twitchell Hall (1914 ---), . anthropologist, author, and teacher, received his . degree in anthropology from Columbia University. He has taught at various institutions, such as Harvard Business School, the Illinois Institute of Technology, and Northwestern University. His works include: The Silent Language (1959), a study of nonverbal communication, and The Hidden Dimension (1966), a study of “social and personal space and man’s perception of it.” The present text, a selection from The Hidden Dimension, gives a contrast between English and American concepts of personal space.About the author:Down the drainEdward ’s The Hidden Dimension, perhaps the scariest book (even scarier than 1984) I ever read. Scary, because it isn’t fiction, but a rather elaborate essay on anthropology and proxemic behavior. If Hall’s right, things as disregard for other cultures, mindless urban development and demographic growth have generated a behavioral sink in which stress, crime, intolerance and physical and psychic disease grow everyday, and to make things worse, our governments take measures that only accelerate the process. We are all going down the drain.Put Ed Hall’s Insights to Work in Your World Ed Hall is one of the preeminent cultural anthropologists of all times. His works, studies, and insights into the rich modern anthropology reflect a life long passion he developed as a teenager in the 1930’s Southwest . assigned to work on white-managed WPA crews alongside Navajo workers whose cultural bearings and world views were vastly different than his own people’s views.Hidden Dimensions examines the cultural contexts of space, how people define their personal and community spaces as part of their cultural norms.How far apart or close do people of a similar culture feel comfortable standing or sitting next to one another and in what circumstances When do you feel someone is “in your space”This personal comfort zone differs culture to culture. Yours may be different than mine. Hall develops these “proxemics” (proximity) in this book by observing and visiting with peoples from around the globe, and shares the wisdom gained with you so that you might expand your own world views and spatial orientations when mixing with foreign cultures to your own.Well worth the sheckles to add this great work to your life’s library. Collect all of Hall’s works.Best of the BestA fabulous writing on how human beings react to and make use of special distance from a physical and psychological viewpoint, . the study of proxemics. The type of book that should be reissued without fail by the publisher, though it is old, since it is a classic in its field. Actual numerical distances and their effect / use / experience by humans are explained as well as much about eyesight and its abilities. Hall alsoexplains how different Euro cultures (German, French, and others) plus how Americans use space differently. I’m seldom this positive about any book but must give this one a highest rating.II. Organization and DevelopmentLike most writings of an academic nature, this article is neatly-structured. Its thesis is clearly stated in the first paragraphand is developed in the rest of the article by contrast. Can you identify the sentence in the first paragraph that states the thesis The sentence in the 1st paragraph that states the thesis:If there ever were two cultures in which differences of the proxemic details are marked it is in the educated English and the middle-class Americans.The contrasts Hall has made are frequently marked by words or phrases generally known as sentence adverbials or connectives. Locate such items throughout the writing and try to tell what contrast they introduce.Words or phrases used to indicate contrasts:Paragraph 1“whereas” --- contrasting space for Americans with the socialsystem for the English as a factor determining aperson’s social status“however” --- contrasting the importance of one’s address inthe United States with that of the position in thesocial system into which a person is born in Britain Paragraph 3“on the other hand” --- contrasting what is said in the 2ndparagraph with what is said in the 3rd, . theAmerican’s sense of space that can be called his ownwith the Englishman’s sense of shared space Paragraph 5“on the other hand”--- contrasting the different ways in whichAmericans and the English behave when seekingseclusionThe contrast Hall has made serves to explain the apparent clashbetween theEnglish and Americans, . why they behave differently when they have the same need to satisfy.III. Notes1.In what sense does Hall use the word “separated”in the first sentenceMade culturally different.2.What, according to the author, has really separated the English andthe AmericansNot the different ways in which the English language is used as assumed by most people, but the different ways of handling time, space and materials.munications on other levels --- Broadly speaking, communication isof two kinds: verbal and nonverbal. Verbal communication consists of word language and the variations in meaning which a person puts into words through the way they are said. Thus different intonation mayimpart different meanings. Nonverbal communication consists of non-word language such as gestures and bodily action, visual aids like graphs and photos, certain activities, and time, space, and materials as mentioned by the author. What the author means here is that words do not account as much for the differences of the two peoples as the other levels of communication.4. ego --- 1) self, especially as contrasted with another self or the world;2) one’s opinion of oneself; self-esteem, .: He has an enormous ego. (= thinks he is a very fine person).3) tech. (in Freudian psychology) the one of the three parts of the mind that connects a person to the outside world, because it can think and act; conscious self5. rephrase the sentence:The differences for which language gets blamed may not be due so much to words as to communications on other levels beginning with English intonation (which sounds affected to many Americans) and continuing to ego-linked ways of handling time, space, and materials.Some people complain about the English language for its being so different in the two countries. These differences, however, may have resulted not from the words people use, but rather from individual linguistic habits, which are displayed in the adoption of a particular intonation (English intonation sounds unnatural to Americans), and extend down to the way people look at the world.6. Proxemics is the study of the communicative value of space and distancein various cultures. It includes the study of the physical distance between people when they are talking to each other, as well as their postures and whether or not there is physical contact during their conversation. These factors can be looked at in relation to the sex, age, and social and cultural background of the people involved, and also their attitudes to each other and their state of mind. Of interest are such features as the physical distance considered proper or comfortable between two people engaged in conversation or standing near each other in public places. These and other nonverbal behavioral features, which vary from culture to culture, have been called “silent language” by Edward T. Hall.“The proxemic details” refers to facts or pieces of information related to proxemics, ., how closely two people should stand or sit apart when talking to each other, whether one should have his office door open or closed, etc.7. A public school in Britain is a private secondary boarding school witha pre-university curriculum. Admission is by entrance examination. The term “public school” emerged in the eighteenth century when the reputation of certain grammar schools spread beyond their immediate environs. They began taking pupils whose parents could afford residential fees and thus became known as “public schools”, in contrast to “local schools”. A public school is different from a comprehensive school, where children of all abilities and social backgrounds are taught together. A public school generally prepares students academically for higher education. Therefore, students who go to public schools are supposed to be better educated than those who goto comprehensive schools.8. Middle-class Americans are a heterogeneous socioeconomic grouping composed principally of business and professional people such as managers, doctors, lawyers, teachers, government officials, some farmers and skilled workers. They are characterized by a comfortable material standard of living, and respect for property. Since World War II, the middle class has been the largest social class in the United States. In the most people identify themselves as “middle-class.”9. disparity --- (C,U) (between, in, of)fml(an example of) being completely different or unequal; a noticeable difference. There is (a) considerable disparity in the rates of pay for men and women.10. What does the “social system” in England refer toThe traditional way of stratify societying into classes, which remains important / influential even today.11. Rephrase the sentence:One of the basic reasons for this wide disparity is that in the United States we use space as a way of classifying people and activities, whereas in England it is the social system that determines who you are. One of the important factors that has contributed to such a big difference is that the place where one lives, to Americans, can present a symbol of one’s status or activity, while in England, the class one belongs to identifies one’s position in society.12. Why do you think one’s spatial location means almost as much to theAmericans as one’s social location does to the EnglishThink of the different history of the two countries. Britain has a long history of feudal social hierarchy, which had been firmly rooted and survived the bourgeois revolution in the 17th century. This system has not been completely overcome and the country is still a kingdom today. Aristocratic titles have been hereditary and are still regarded as a mark of a person’s social status. On the other hand, the United States has a short history of about 200 years, which began with a vast expanse of land that provided abundant space for people to fully exercise their imagination and develop their talent. A person’s background is far less important than what space he can find for himself and what he can achieve in that space.13. prestigious --- having prestige, . general respect or admiration felt for someone or something, because they have high quality, social influence, success, etc.14. fishmonger --- a person who owns or works in a shop (fishmonger’s) which sells fish: I bought a nice piece of cod from the fishmonger / at the fishmonger’s.15. stall --- a table or small open-fronted shop in a public place: a market stall16. allot --- give as a share or set apart for a purpose. Most of the money has already been allotted.They allotted us three weeks to finish the job.We were unable to finish it in the allotted time.17. What conclusion has the author reached by the end of the first paragraph？Spatial allocation does not have the same implication for the English and for Americans.18. How is the first paragraph related to the second oneThe last sentence of the first paragraph introduces the next two paragraphs, which illustrate differences between the English and the Americans in the allotment of space.19. den ---infml. a small quiet comfortable room in a house, where a person, usually a man, can be alone (小书斋; 小巧而舒适的私室) . Father’s in his den.--- the home of a usu. Large fierce wild animal, such as a lion --- a center of secret, esp. illegal, activity, . a den of thieves20. “the shop” --- a place where things made or repaired “工场”21. What does the author try to contrast in the second and the third paragraphHow differently space is allotted in Britain and the United States, the former having a strong sense of “shared space”and the latter of “one’s own space.”22. vacate --- give up the occupancy of; stop using; leaving (a room or place) so that it is available for someone else to use23. inconsequential --- unimportant; insignificant24. be entitled to --- possess the right to have or to do something25. Rephrase the sentence:As a consequence, the English are puzzled by the American need for a secure place in which to work, an office.As a result, it is hard for the English to figure out why Americans invariably feel it is necessary to find themselves a space, such as an office, where they may work without being disturbed.26. implication --- something that is suggested or implied by a particular situation, event, or statement27. typify --- v. 1) (not in progressive forms) be a typical example of; show all the most usual characteristics of something, . The shoe-shine boy who becomes a millionaire typifies the American Dream.2) (not in progressive forms) to be a typical mark or sign of 成为…的标记: the high quality that typifies all this work3) fml. to represent in a typical manner, . by an image, model, or likeness, . In this book we have tried to typify the main classes of verbs. 在本书中, 我们力图以明显的方式把动词分成几大类.28. strain --- a state of tension within or among people; . the current strain in relations between the two countries29. How do you interpret “experiencing strain in his relationships with Americans” in paragraph 4Having trouble getting along with Americans30. Rephrase the sentence:It took some time but finally we were able to identify most of the contrasting features of the American and British problems that were in conflict in this case.It was not until some time later that we managed to discover the major differences that had frustrated both sides in the above story.31. How differently would the English and the Americans behave when they want to be aloneThe Americans would go to their own rooms and shut the door, whereas the English, instead of finding architectural screens to shut themselves off, would provide subtle clues to others present that they do not wish to be disturbed.32. How would the English and the Americans feel if they are not talked to by people present in the same roomAmericans would feel that they are being rejected. The English would feel happy that others have recognized the unseen barrier they have erected to keep off intrusion.33. Rephrase the sentence:They have in effect internalized a set of barriers, which they erect and which others are supposed to recognize.They have virtually built up, for themselves, a wall, which may keep them safe from disturbance when necessary and which, they assume, others should be able to perceive and respect.34. The article is written not by a lay person based on casual observations but by a professor of anthropology based on his research findings. Somewords the author uses has added to the academic flavor of the writing. Can you identify some of them and explain what they meanProxemic --- adj. of proxemics, a branch of sociology that studies spatial relations, people’s sense of space and their need of space in different situations, etc.Subject --- a person that undergoes scientific experimentation or investigationEgo --- the self of a personCondition --- determine, accustomSeminar --- regular meeting of a group of students under the guidance of a tutor or a professorUnit TwoTEXT ITouristsI. About the author --- Nancy Mitford (), English writer of novels, biographies, and essays, is noted for her witty novels of upper-class life. Her workers include: Pursuit of Love (1945), Vlotaire in Love (1957), and The Sun King (1966), about Louis XIV. One of her most widely read books was Noblesse Oblige: An Inquiry into the Identifiable Characteristics of the English Aristocracy (1956). The text is from an essay called “The Tourist,”part of a collection published under the title of The Water Beetle (1962).II. Organization and DevelopmentAlthough part of a collection, the selection is quite complete in itself as far as structure is concerned. The author seems to have followed a well-worked-out outline. Now try to restore that outline, indicating the main parts and the major subdivisions under each of them.Outline for reference:1.The island and the touristsThe island: location, natural features, the cathedral and itsbellsThe tourists: number, transport, lack of taste, ill-mannered behavior, American-Englishmen-Germans2.Behavior of the islandersThe author’s general attitudeComparison of the island to a stageYoung men from Burano (Little Eric)Old women selling lacesThe priestThe tourists’ response3.Torcello back to its life routineYoung menOld womenFather of the clover babiesThe brief description of the small island creates the impression that it might be a nice, quiet retreat for writers like the author herself, but it might not be a good tourist resort. This helps to strengthen the point the author wants to make, . the tourists who swamp the place are aimless in their touring.III. Notes1. Based on the author’s description, try to think of just a few words and phrases that bring out the most important features of the island Torcello.Small, ancient, abundant in wild flowers, crisscrossed by waterways2. Rephrase the sentence:The most intensive study I ever made of tourists was at Torcello, where it is impossible to avoid them.Since tourists can be seen almost everywhere at Torcello, I decided to observe them closely.3. minute: very small4. lagoon: an area of calm sea water partly or completely separated from the sea by banks of sand, rock, coral, etc.5. a great cathedral --- referring to SantaMaria Assunta Cathedral, which was founded in about 639, and rebuilt in the ninth and the eleventh century. It is a Byzantine cathedral, decorated with fine Veneto-Byzantine mosaics.6. What does the word “chorus” in line 8 refer tobells ringing out7. Explain the sentence:Bells from the campanile ring out reproaches three times a day …joined by a chorus from the surrounding islands. --- From the campanile, or the high bell tower, can be heard the reproaches, or sets of verses representing reproaches of Jesus Christ to his people, three times a day. Such reproaches ring out from the nearby islands too.“cloches, cloches, divins reproches”= (French) “bells, bells, divine reproaches”8. lonely as a cloud --- This is an echo of William Wordsworth’s poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” (1804). The first verse of the poem is as follows:I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o’er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.9. Rephrase the sentence:Torcello which used to be lonely as a cloud has recently become an outing from Venice.Torcello was at one time an island scarcely visited by people, but today it has grown to be a magnet for tourists from Venice.10. chartered --- hired for use by a particular group or person11. yacht --- a large boat, often motor-driven, used for pleasure; a light sailing boat12. towpath --- a path (as along the bank of a canal or river) traveled by men or animals towing / pulling boats13. Possibly there is a double meaning in the phrase much restored in line 13.The early mosaics are made to look new again; the scenes from hell are brought back to life.14. a great, sad, austere Madonna --- the image of Mary, mother of JesusChrist, in mosaics, who appears sorrowful and stern15. Byzantine art --- the symbolical system of art which was developed by the early Greek or Byzantine artists out of the Christian symbolism. Its chief features are the circle, dome, and round arch; and its chief symbols the lily, cross, vesica, and nimbus.16. Explain the sentence in line 14 “Byzantine art is an acquired taste.”One needs to cultivate a certain taste to be able to appreciate Byzantine art.17. Rephrase the sentence:Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors has acquired it.Byzantine art is a highly refined heritage, but few of the tourists here have arrived at that sophistry as to be able to appreciate it. / To appreciate Byzantine art, one needs to cultivate a particular sense of beauty, but few of the tourists to Torcello have been so equipped.18. the village green --- a small stretch of grass in the village19. Attila --- king of the Huns, a nomadic people from central Asia, from 434 . to 453 ., and one of the greatest of the barbarian rulers who attacked the Roman Empire. In 452 he invaded northern Italy and sacked several cities there.20. leave the devil of a mess behind them --- leave behind them all kinds of litter / a terrible mess. Devil is often used to give force to various expressions, especially of displeasure, . We had a devil of a job trying to persuade her.Why the devil did he comeWhat the devil is she doing now21. marching as to war --- This is an echo of a Christian hymn written by Sabine Baring-Gould (1834-1924). The first stanza goes thus:Onward, Christian soldiers,Marching as to war,With the Cross of JesusGoing on before! (1864)22. a Leader --- apparently referring to the tourist guide23. a standing order --- a permanent request (for something by a customer)24. From what Mitford has said of the tourists in the first paragraph, can you imagine what, in her opinion, a good tourist should be like He should have a clear purpose when going sightseeing, be appreciative of what there is supposed to be seen; he should not litter, or do anything harmful to the environment.25. What different images has Mitford created of the Americans, the Englishmen, and the Germans with her brief description of themAmericans --- well-to-do but having no taste at allEnglishmen --- mean, not attentive to public hygieneGermans --- well-organized and well-disciplined but not appreciative26. extract --- obtain by much effort27. Rephrase the sentence:As they are obliged, whether they like it or not, to live in public during the whole summer, they very naturally try to extract some financial benefit from this state of affairs.They have no choice but to come into contact with the tourists throughout the summer, and it is not hard to imagine why they should not try to earn some money out of this opportunity.28. What does the word Italian in line 31 refer toThe Italian nation as a whole29. gondolier --- the boatman who propels a gondola, a long narrow flat-bottomed boat with a high prow and stern used on the canals of Venice30. sandolos --- small boats used on the Venetian canals31. Buona fortuna --- (Italian) Good luck32. trinket --- a small ornament (as a jewel or ring) of little value33. point de Venise lace --- lace that is made with a needle or needle point. Burano is known for its Venetian point lace industry.34. four-leafed clovers --- or four-leafed clovers, four-leaf clovers.A four-leafed clover is a clover plant that has a set of four leaves instead of the usual three, and is believed to bring good luck to a person who finds it.Clover –is a small usu. three-leafed plant with pink, purple, or white flowers, often grown as food for cattle.35. holy processions --- religious parades36. Rephrase the sentence:The priest organizes holy processions to coincide with the arrival of the steamer.The priest arranges for the religious pageant to begin the moment the ship arrives.37. flapping --- swaying loosely, and making a noise, especially when moved by wind38. Daily Mail --- name of a newspaper39. Where in paragraph 2 does Mitford reveal her attitude towards the way the islanders behaveShe is somewhat sympathetic to them. Refer to lines 29-31, “As they are obliged, whether they like it or not …from this state of affairs.”40. A metaphor runs through paragraphs 2 and 3. What is it Which sentence sets up the comparison Pick out words that continue the metaphor.The island is compared to a stage, and the activities to a play.Line 31, “The Italian is a born actor …”dress up, sweet-faced old women, apparently, organizes holy procession to coincide, the curtain, shed their jackets, let the smiles fade41. How do you understand the last sentence “Tocello is itself again” The play is over; ordinary life on the island is restored, and the islanders are their normal selves again.Unit ThreeText IThe SubwayTom WolfeI. About the AuthorThe Author --- Tom Wolfe (Thomas K. Wolfe, Jr., 1931-), . author, is one of the new journalists, who write, like journalists, about the people,the places, and the events of the contemporary world, but who write with the imagination, the personal vision, and the rhetorical flair which is usually associated with the creative writer. Wolfe’s writings appear in magazines such as Confidential and Harper’s Bazaar. Wolfe, like any good reporter, observes closely from a particular angle of vision --- often satiric --- and he projects what he feels and thinks into his description by the details he selects to show us and the words he chooses to describe them. His works include: The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby (1965), New Journalism (1973), and In Our Time (1980).II Organization and DevelopmentThe topic sentence of paragraph 2 extends, at least in part, to paragraph 3.For paragraph 5, the following words from paragraph 4 with some modifications may serve the purpose of a topic sentence: “However, some men do fall to the state of being a bum. For example, on the East Side IRT subway line…”In paragraph 3, apart from sticking to using “he”as the subject in a series of sentences to describe the actions of the two black boys in the car, the conjunction “then”is used twice to show the chronological progression of the actions.The last four sentences of paragraph 4 all keep to “he” as the subject.III. Notes1. the living symbol of all that adds up to lack of status in New York --- the very indication that those who take the subway have a low social position2. disorientation --- confusion, loss of one’s bearings3. express stop --- a major rapid transit stop where “express trains”stop, as contrasted to a “local stop” where all trains stop4. Rephrase the following.In a way, of course, the subway is the living symbol… every express stop.In New York’s underground transportation system, one finds many examples of what is low-class behavior in New York. The subway is disorganized and people move about wildly at each express stop.5. vistas --- sweeping views6. eerie --- frightening because of strangeness or gloominess7. How is the statement “The whole place is a gross assault on the senses”supported by details in the first paragraphassault on the sense of hearing --- noise of the trains, high-pitched harshness, metallic tones from recordsassault on the sense of touch --- pushing and being pushed in crowds assault on the sense of smell --- unbearable odorsassault on the sense of sight --- The sight of customers with bread flakes caked on their mouths and flatulent cheeks at lunch counters is far from pleasant.8. qualm --- feelings of uneasiness or uncertainty as to whether something is right9. What does the word “qualms”in line 7 mean What does the whole sentence containing the word implyunease, a pang or sudden feeling of doubt, esp. concerning moral conduct Pushing others in a crowded public place is considered rude, but in the . subway the passengers, when in a crowd, seem to have forgotten this basic moral norm.10. tactile --- relating to the sense of touch11. crucifying --- torment, torture12. Rephrase the sentenceYour tactile sense takes a crucifying you never dreamed possible.You are being bumped, shoved and prodded amidst the crowd more than you ever have been before / more than you ever expected.13. 45 records --- The abbreviation “ stands for “revolutions per minute.” It is a measure of the speed of a record. A 45 record goes。
(全新版)大学英语《综合教程》第一册Unit7
• 12. pull on: take hold of (sth.) and pull (it) with strength • Examples: The child pulled on his mother's coat wanting to leave. • Sophia pulled on the rope, shouting "help." • 13. with all one's strength: with all one's power • Examples: With all his strength he removed the piano to the next room. • She opened the door with all her strength and ran out of the house. • 14. explode: burst with a loud noise • Examples: The clap of thunder exploded overhead, which frightened the child into crying. • A bomb exploded at one of London's busiest railway stations this morning.
• 6. out of the way: at a distance from the usual route; in a state or condition so as not to hinder (used after a verb) • Examples: Step out of the way and let me handle the stone. • The house is well out of the way on the back road. • 7. resume: begin (sth. or doing sth.) again after a pause • Examples: The search for the missing pilot is expected to resume early today. • We'll stop now and resume (working) at two o'clock. • They stopped talking for a moment to see where the noise was coming from and then resumed their conversation. • 8. mess around / about: (infml) spend time playing or doing things with no particular purpose • Examples: He spends his weekends messing around in his boat on the Thames. • The kids spent all day Sunday just messing around.
Unit7TheTryingTwenties复旦研究生综合英语修订版教学课件
Unit 7 The Trying Twenties
Warm-up Activities 1. What does “the trying twenties” mean? Why is the twenties a
“trying” period?
Here “trying” means straining one’s power of endurance, so the phrase means that the twenties is a period in which people undergo many ordeals that will temper their willpower and make them more mature. Twenty-somethings are presented with numerous tasks which they are not yet equipped to deal with. For example, to prepare for a career, to find a mentor who will guide you through life, to find a mate with whom you will spend your life, etc. These are the things that were once irrelevant, but now have become imminent. In a sense these are the “trials” they need to go through as they are becoming an adult.
Unit 7 The Trying Twenties
《新编大学英语综合教程(上册)》unit7
B 3. What did Jenny do yesterday?
A. She watched a table tennis match.
B. She swam.
C. She saw a film.
A 4. What is Mary doing?
A. She is reading.
B. She is writing.
1. M: What day is it today? W: It was Thursday. Q: What day is it today?
A. I’d like you to come to my birthday party. B. How would you like to come over for picnic tomorrow? C. Would you like to come to the orientation this afternoon? D. I would like to invite you to my graduation ceremony. E. Do you feel like going to the barbecue party this afternoon? F. I want to invite you to the concert.
5. — _________F____________ — I’m looking forward to it.
6. — ___________E____________ — I would love to go.
Listening
Ⅱ Conversations
A. Listen to the following short conversations, and then choose the best answer for each question.
大学英语综合版学生用书第七单元unit7
⼤学英语综合版学⽣⽤书第七单元unit7Unit 7 The Glorious Messiness Of EnglishⅡ. History of Englishⅰ. The root of EnglishEnglish began as a west Germanic language which was brought to England by the Saxons around 400 A.D. Old English was the spoken and written language of England between 400 and 1100 A.D. Many words used today come from Old English, including man, woman, king, mother, etc. But Old English was very different from modern English and only a few words can be easily recognized. In the 9th and 10th centuries, when Vikings invaded England, Old Norse words, e.g.sky, take and get and many place names, entered the language.From the Norman Conquest (1066) until the late 12th century English was replaced as the official language by Norman French, though English was still used by the lower classes. English from about 1300 to 1500 is known as Middle English. It was influenced by French and also Latin in vocabulary and pronunciation. French brought many words connected with government, e.g.sovereign, royal, court, legal and government itself. Latin was the language of religion and learning and gave to English words such as minister, angel, master, school and grammar.Literature began again to be written in English during this period. One of the most famous Middle English works i s Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales.ⅱ. The development of Modern EnglishModern English developed from the Middle English dialect of the East Midlands and was influenced by the English used in London, where a printing press was set up by William Caxton in 1476. English changed a great deal from this time until the end of the 18th century.During the Renaissance, many words were introduced from Greek and Latin to express new ideas, especially in science, medicine and philosophy. They included physics, species, architecture, encyclopedia and hypothesis. In the 16th century several versions of the Bible helped bring written English to ordinary people. The Elizabethan period is also famous for its drama, and Shakespeare’s plays were seen by many people.The development of printing helped establish standards of spelling and grammar, but there remained a lot of variation. Samuel Johnson’s A Dictionary of the English Language (1755) was the first authoritative treatment of English. It defined about 40,000 words and gave examples of their use.By the 18th century American English was established and developing independently from British English. After colonists arrived in the US new words began to be added from Native American languages, and from Fren ch and Spanish. In 1783, soon after Johnson’s dictionary was published, Noah Webster’s The Elementary Spelling Book was published in the US. At first it used Johnson’s spellings, but later editions contained many of what have come to be known as American spellings, e.g. harbor and favorite.ⅲ. 20th Century EnglishDuring the 19th and early 20th centuries many dictionaries and books about language were published. New words are still being added to English from other languages, including Chinese (feng shui) and Japanese (karaoke). Existingwords gain new senses, and new expressions spread quickly through television and the Internet.English is now an international language and is used as a means of communication between people from many countries. As a result the influences on the English language are wider than ever and it is possible that World English will move away from using a British or American standard and establish its own international identity.Ⅲ. Winston Churchillⅰ. A Brief introduction to Winston ChurchillAs a politician, Winston Churchill is remembered as one of Britain’s greatest statesmen. He was the son of the Conservative politician Lord Randolph Churchill and his American wife Jennie. As a young man he served as a soldierin India and Egypt, and as a journalist in South Africa, before entering politics. Churchill became Prime Minister and Minister of Defence in 1940. His radio speeches during World War II gave the British people a strong determination to win the war, especially at times of great crisis. Examples of Churchill’s phrases still often quoted today are “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat”, and “This was their finest hour”. The Conservative Party led by Churchill lost the election of 1945, but he became Prime Minister again from 1951 to1955 when he retired, aged 80. When he died in Jan 1965 he was given a state funeral.ⅱ. Chronology of Winston Churchill-- November 30, 1874Born Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill at Blenheim Palace, Woodstock,near Oxford.-- October 1, 1911Appointed First Lord of the Admiralty in Liberal government.-- April 30, 1915Failure of the Dardanelles Expedition, in World War I, led to his resignationas First Lord of the Admiralty.-- November 6, 1924Baldwin named him Chancellor of the Exchequer.-- May 10, 1940Appointed to head wartime coalition government.-- July 1945Lost general election.-- April 24, 1953Knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.-- December 10, 1953Awarded Nobel prize for literature in recognition of “historical works andbiographies as well as his brilliant speeches.”-- January 24, 1965Died in London; buried, following a state funeral, in the churchyard at Bladon,near Blenheim.ⅲ. A Video Clip about Winston Churchill(Directions:) Watch this video clip and answer the following questions.1.What do you learn from the clip?2.What do you think of Winston Churchill?Ⅳ. Julius CaesarJulius Caesar was the best-known of all the ancient Roman leaders, and the first one to land in Britain with an army.He did this twice, in 55 and 54 BC, although Britain did not become part of the Roman Empire until nearly a hundred years later.Ⅴ. VikingViking was a member of a people from Scandinavia who attacked parts of northern and western Europe, including Britain and Ireland, in the 8th to 11th centuries. In Britain they were also known as Norsemen. They settled on theScottish islands and in areas of eastern England, and the Danish king Canute ruled England from 1016. The Vikings were feared as violent and cruel, but they were also noted for their skill in building ships and as sailors. They had an important influence on English culture and the English language.Ⅵ. NormanNorman refers to any of the people from Normandy in northern France who settled in England after their leader William defeated the English king at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. The Normans took control of the country, a process known as the Norman Conquest. They used many of the existing Anglo-Saxon methods of government of the state and the church, but added important aspects of their own and made government much more effective. The language of government became first Latin, and then Norman French, and this caused many new words to be added to the existing English language.Ⅶ. William CaxtonWilliam Caxton was the man who set up the first printing firm in Britain. He printed his first book in 1474. By printing books in English, Caxton had a strong influence on the spelling and development of the language. Many of the books he published were French stories which he translated himself. Ⅷ. Otto JespersenOtto Jespersen was a Danish philologist, grammarian, and educationist. He promoted the use of the “direct method” in language teaching with the publication of his theoretical work How to Teach a Foreign Language (1904). Other books include his seven-volume Modern English Grammar (1909~1949).Ⅸ. RenaissanceThe Renaissance emerged in northern Italy in the 1300s when, not content with the abstract and highly subjective thinking of the Middle Ages, scholars turned for inspiration to the ancient Greeks and Romans with their love of earthly life. Italian architects rediscovered ancient construction techniques and incorporated Greek and Roman columns, arches, and domes into their public buildings. Instead of the flat, stiff figures of the Middle Ages, Renaissance artists portrayed rounded, flesh-and-blood people, people filled with emotions. To depict the world they lived in realistically, Renaissance artists developed linear perspective, which creates on a flat surface the illusion of depth. Renaissance scholars explored their world through mathematics, science, and engineering. Probably the most famous people of the Renaissance times are Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. By the 1500s the Renaissance had spread to Spain and the countries of northern Europe, where people sought to blend the intense interest in human affairs with spiritual ideals.Global ReadingⅠ. Part Division of the TextDetailed ReadingⅠ. Difficult Sentences1. (Title) THE GLORIOUS MESSINESS OF ENGLISH1) Translate the title into Chinese.2) What kind of rhetorical device is used in the title?( =1) 英语中绚丽多彩的杂乱⽆章现象.2) The rhetorical device used here is called oxymoron (⽭盾修饰法). An oxymoron puts two contradictory terms together to puzzle the reader, luring him/her to pause and explore why. Here “Glorious” is a commendatory(褒义的) term, while “Messiness” is derogatory(贬义的). As the reader reads on, he/she will know that English is messy, but the messiness reflectssome commendable qualities of English, such as tolerance, the love of freedom, and the respect for others’ rights. At this point the reader cannot but admire the author’s ingenuity.)2. (LL. 9~10) … which French kids are supposed to say instead –but they don’t.Paraphrase this part of the sentence.(= French children are expected to say the word “balladeer” instead of “Walkman” but they don’t say it.)3. (L. 14) Such is the glorious messiness of English.What can we know about the author’s attitude towards English from this sentence?(= He thinks much of it.)4. (LL. 20~21) The history of English is present in the first words a child learns about … (food, water).1. Paraphrase this part.2. Translate this part into Chinese.(=1) The history of English is revealed in the first words a child learns about …2) 英语的历史体现在孩⼦最先学会⽤来表⽰…的词汇当中。
大学英语综合教程课件unit
spare a thought for our volunteer group at Christmas.
圣诞节别忘了我们的志愿者组织。
常用词组
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04
02
03
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spare sb.'s feelings不使某人难过[难堪]
She never spares the butter when baking.
4
volunteer
STEP5
STEP4
STEP3
STEP2
STEP1
n. 志愿者
We want some volunteers to help paint the house.
a.由志愿者组成的，或志愿者做的
He said his brothers were all volunteer firefighters.
He found it a shattering experience.
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使心烦意乱，使震惊
I usually feel too shattered to do more than crawl into bed.
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我通常疲惫得只有力气爬上床睡觉。
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(非正式)使精疲力竭
supportive支持的,拥护的;赞助的
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Accounting ethics会计道德
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Business ethics商业道德
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Economic ethics经济伦理
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Legal ethics法的伦理学
05
Medical ethics医学伦理学，医德
06
Professional ethics职业道德
综合英语(7)
综合英语（7）Comprehensive English Course (7)课程编号：0320015B学分：6学时：96（其中：讲课学时： 96 实验学时：0 上机学时： 0 ）先修课程：综合英语（1）-（6）适用专业：英语（国际商务与翻译）建议教材：《综合教程》（第七册），何兆熊主编，上海外语教育出版社，2005开课系所：外国语学院英语系课程编号：0320101B学分：3学时：42（其中：讲课学时： 42 实验学时：0 上机学时： 0 ）先修课程：综合英语（1）-（6）适用专业：英语（师范）建议教材：《综合教程》（第七册），何兆熊主编，上海外语教育出版社，2005开课系所：外国语学院英语系一、课程的性质与任务课程性质：学科（专业）基础必修课课程任务：综合英语（7）课程是综合英语（1-6）课程的延续，对学生的听、说、读、写、译等技能提出更高的培养要求。
本课程更注重阅读和写作技能的训练，更强调加强学生的创造力，要求学生从有控制的练习过渡到自然的交际。
高级英语课程为学习者提供大量的语言材料，加深他们对语言知识的理解，为使用语言打下扎实的基础。
这门课程决定了本专业其它专业课程如：英美文学、语言学和翻译等能否顺利开展。
二、课程的基本内容及要求Unit One课程教学内容：Text I Neat People vs. Sloppy PeopleText II Private Language, Public Language课程的重点、难点：Contents of modern rhetoric which includes communicative rhetoric and aesthetic rhetoric.课程教学要求：了解作者及其写作背景，理解课文结构和写作技巧，掌握基本词汇及其用法。
Unit Two课程教学内容：Text I Ambulance GirlText II Struggling for Sanity课程的重点、难点：Fundamental elements of writing principles课程教学要求：了解作者及其写作背景，理解课文结构和写作技巧，掌握基本词汇及其用法。
综合英语第7册 Oxford 说课课件
Step 3 Reading Activity 1 Skimming (class work) Ss are required to go through the whole passage quickly to get the general idea and pay special attention to the first or last Para of the article (or the first sentence or the last sentence of each Para.) Goal: To develop Ss’ reading skill --skimming, that is, how can we get the general idea of a passage as quickly as possible.
Emphases are to be laid on:
1. Student-centered teaching 2. Task-based learning 3. Activity-based teaching (individual work; pair work; group work; class work)
Step 2 Pre-reading Activity1 Look and preview vocabularies (class work) In this activity, Ss are required to look at the title and focus on the glossary.. Activity2 Brain-storming (class work) In this activity, Ss are encouraged to read and make sentences with those words . Goal: To get Ss familiar with new words and enlarge Ss' vocabularies
全新版大学英语综合教程PPT课件
• Explain in your own words what the author means by “write for myself”.
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Q3: Is the way smooth for him to become a writer?
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Q4: What is the turning point?
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Global Reading 02
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Thinking
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• Growing up means keeping on growing, even when the body cannot grow anymore, but the mind and spirit still can. This means always being open to new ideas and stretching the limits of your mind and intelligence, no matter how old you are.
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Structure
• Chronological sequence
• Narration/ Narrative Writing
• Organization?
Text A Part 1 Part II
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Part III
新编大学英语(第四版)综合教程3教学课件u7-4
Unit project Additional activity Broaden our horizon
新编大学英语（第四版） 综合教程 Unit 7
Further development
目录 contents
Unit project Additional activity Broaden our horizon
新编大学英语（第四版） 综合教程 Unit 7
Further development Unit project
Since most of the embroideries are made of silk, embroidery is closely connected with silkworm raising and silk reeling and weaving. As early as about 5,000 years ago, our ancestors began to raise silkworms. According to records, the oldest embroidered product dates from the Shang Dynasty. Embroideries in that period symbolized social status. It was not until later on, as the national economy developed, that embroidery entered the lives of the common people. In the Han Dynasty, the art of embroidery was widespread throughout the country and many embroidered pieces that have been discovered date back to that period. At the same time, embroidery was more specialized. There were various patterns such as the Sun, the Moon, stars, mountains, dragons, phoenixes, tigers, flowers as well as clouds. With the blossoming of the Silk Road, silk production and silk
新编大学英语综合教程Unit7 Choices in life
For example(比如)
Say nothing and act as if it didn’t bother you . But···
Ask them to get me away.
三·What wouldigh school girl · · · · · · · · If you were the manager ,what would you do? Case2 Edward is studying · · · · · · · · If you were Edward , what would you do？ Case3 Xiao Ling gets admission· · · · · · · If you were Xiao Ling, what would you do？
我总是做我 不能做的,以 便我可以学 习如何去做。
Oh, my god.
to dare is to lose one's footing momentarily.to not dare is to lose oneself. -Soren Kierkegaard
敢就是暂时失去地 位。不敢就是失去 自己。 -索伦· 阿拜· 克尔凯 戈尔
I am always doing that which i cannot do ,in order that i may learn how to do it. -Pabio Picasso
Words and wxpressions
shoplifter商店行窃的人 punish惩罚 afford担负得起 criticize severely严厉批评 Letter of apology致歉信 loan贷款 Feel guilty有负罪感 moral education道德教育 Opportunity机遇 give up放弃 Scholarship奖学金 pull through（使）度过（难关） Persuade sb. Out of doing sth.劝阻某人做某事 sacrifice· · · for· · ·为· · · · · · 牺牲· · · · · · Have more trust in others更加信任别人
综合英语教程第三版Unit-7PPT课件
2. Expressions for trades and professions:
education, science, politics, farming, business, trade, medicine, manual labor, journalism, advertising, the army, the police, industry, banking, transportation
❖ Undaunted: not afraid of continuing to try to do sth in spite of difficulties or danger 顽强 e.g. Undaunted by his first setback, he decided to try once more. What an undaunted girl!
❖ Indebted adj. owing money to someone 负债的
e.g. The restaurant is heavily indebted to the bank.
.
12
❖ anonymous 1) (of a person 人) with a name that is not known or that is not made public 不知姓名的；名字不公开的
pack him off: (informal) to send someone to stay somewhere for a period of time e.g. My parents used to pack us off to camp every summer.
.
9
❖ calling 1 profession; trade 职业; 行业
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1. Text Analysis and Appreciation of Para11) Comprehension Questions on Para1•What are the difference between the two concepts of being international and beingcosmopolitan?•Why did the author say “all good men are international but nearly all bad men arecosmopolitan”?•What does he mean by “being national”?•What does the example of Buddhist peace prove?•What are the author’s opinions toward the Christian and the Hindu?•What example did the author use to explain the distinction between “loving each other”and “being each other”?•What are the difference between Englishme n’s “having a fancy for France” and their“admiring France?”•What did the author compare to the Frenchmen’s vices and virtues?Buddhist Peace4.Questions for Further Thinking•What does the author’s experience in para4 tell us about?•What did you learn from the text?5. Language Points(*Words for Band4, **Words for Band8)1) …being international and being *cosmopolitan (para1)● A cosmopolitan place or society is full of people from many different countriesand cultures.● e.g. London has always been a cosmopolitan city.2) …Thus their **obscenity is the expression of their passionate love of dragging all thingsinto the light.(para2)●The French people often impress others as “obscene”, this can be interpreted as anexpression of their strong love to make all things open and public, even those suchas sex or the expression of love.3) The avarice of their peasants means the independence of their peasants.(para2)●French peasants may leave people of other countries the impression of beinggreedy, yet that is because they make their own living all by themselves andlittle would they count on their kings, governments or other forms ofauthorities.4) ...seeing the savage French **caricature… (para2)● A drawing or description that appears in a humorous or critical way.5)…exquisite fruit of French **cynicism… (para2)●Cynicism is the belief that people always act selfishly.● e.g.I found Ben's cynicism wearing at times.●Cynicism about something is the belief that it cannot be successful or that the people involved are nothonorable.● e.g. This talk betrays a certain cynicism about free trade.6) …never *till ed the rude but rich soil of French virtue…(para2)●Verb: till = cultivate●Prep: In spoken and informal English, till is often used instead of until.●They had to wait till Monday to ring the bank manager...●Noun: In a shop or other place of business, a till is a counter or cash registerwhere money is kept....long queues at tills that make customers angry.A till is the drawer of a cash register, in which the money is kept.He checked the register. There was money in the till.7)…the shadow of the great houses still *falls everywhere…(para3)●The remaining prestige of those old and eminent aristocratic families can still be felt everywhere.8) *Snobbishness…(para3)●If you describe someone as snobbish, you disapprove of them because they are too proud of their social status,intelligence, or taste.● e.g.They had a snobbish dislike for their intellectual and social inferiors...9)Understand the vice he plagiarized…para3)●If someone plagiarizes another person's idea or work, they use it or copy it and pretend that they thought of itor created it.● e.g.The poem employs as its first lines a verse plagiarized from a billboard.10) They like a noble to be *unconscious and **amiable (para3)●They like their noble to be not aware of his own social status, always treatingthem as friends and equals.11)**vicarious nobility in the English love of a lord(para3): The English love of a lordshould not be deemed as what it seemingly is.● A vicarious pleasure or feeling is experienced by watching, listening to, or readingabout other people doing something, rather than by doing it yourself.● e.g....a father who lived vicariously through his sons' success.12) And it requires *battery and **barricade(para3)●C o m p a r e d w i t h E n g l i s h p e o p l e,t h e F r e n c h p e o p l e d o n o t h a v e s o s t r o n g a s e n s e o f s o c i a ln o r m s a n d e t i q u e t t e s.T h i s m a y b e d e e m e d a s i n d e c e n c y.Y e t i f o n e h a s a c q u i r e ds u f f i c i e n t k n o w l e d g e o f F r e n c h p e o p l e’s c r a z e a b o u t f r e e d o m,w i t h t h e e x t e r i o re x p r e s s i o n s of f igh t s a n d s o n g si n t h e s t r e e t s,p o o r p e o p l e d y i n g f o r t h e c o n c e p t o ff r e e d o m,e t c.,h e w i l l a c c e p t t h e i r b e h a v i o r a s m o s t n a t u r a l.13) *unmeaning (para4) a.●devoid of meaning or sense; meaningless● e.g. The officer gave an unmeaning response to that difficult query.14)…under all their **pageant of chivalry men are not only beasts, but even hunted beasts(para4).●…under the disguise of good manners, men actually have a nature as dark, horrible and brutal asthat of cornered beasts, always ready to fight against each other.●pageant n. a thing that looks impressive or grand, but is actually shallow and empty.15) *blazes…(para4)●I n f o r m a l l y u s e d i n v a r i o u s e x p r e s s i o n s o f a n g e r,b e w i l d e r m e n t,o r s u r p r i s e a s ae e u u p p h h e e m m i i s s m mf f o o r r““h h e e l l l l””..●e.g.G o t o b l a z e s!H e s h o u t e d.●W h a t t h e b l a z e s a r e y o u a l l t a l k i n g a b o u t?6. Types of WritersThe Essayist• A Piece of Chalk• A Defence of Rash Vows•Mending and Ending Things•Negative and Positive MoralityThe Poet• A Ballad of Suicide• A Child of the Snows•The Rolling English Road•The Donkey•The Song of Right and WrongThe Critic • A Midsummer Night’s Dream•George Macdonald•Oscar Wilde•The Orthodoxy of HamletThe Philosopher •Child Psychology and Nonsense•On Thoughtless Remarks •Philosophy for Schoolroom•The Revival of Philosophy—Why? •Science and the SavagesThe Theologian •Buddhism and Christianity•Miracles and Modern Civilization•The Religious Aim of Education •Skepticism and Spiritualism•Why I Believe in Christianity7. Assignment•Group discussion: What is Chinese Humanism?。