篇章翻译练习

1徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。

Xu Xiake toured and investigated 16 provinces in his lifetime, covering almost the whole of China/ the whole country. When he was carrying out his investigations, he never took blind belief in the conclusions in the books. Instead he found a lot of unreliable points in the geographic records taken by his predecessors. In order to make his investigations reliable and thorough, he seldom traveled by carriage or boat. Instead, he took long, arduous trips on foot almost all the time, climbing mountains and hills. In order to learn about the truth of nature, he always chose to conduct investigations in mountainous areas with dangerous roads and in lonely / untraveled woods, where he discovered a lot of magnificent peaks and beautiful sights.

2多少年来，我养成了一个习惯：每天早晨四点在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活儿。因此我对黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感觉到的。我从前在什么报上读过一篇文章，讲黎明时分天安门广场上的清洁工人。那情景必然是非常动人的，可惜我从未能见到，只是心向往之而已。

For many years, I have been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four. Instead of going out for a jog or walk, I’ll set about my work as soon as I’m out of bed. As a result, it is from inside my study that I've got the feel of predawn Beijing. Years ago, I hit upon a newspaper article about street cleaners in Tian’anmen Square at daybreak. It must have been a very moving scene, but what a pity I haven’t seen it with my own eyes. I can only picture it in my mind longingly.

3长沙是一个有3000多年历史的美丽古城。城市的西边是秀美的岳麓山，山下有千年书院“岳麓书院”等众多古迹。市区中心的古城楼天心阁，距今有1000多年的历史。千百年来水质清纯，终年不断的白沙古井也坐落在长沙城中。今天的长沙市民还常常在这里打水饮用。湘江中的橘子洲头，是当年毛泽东先生经常漫步思考的地方，后来还写了一首非常著名的诗来赞美她。

Changsha is a beautiful ancient city with a history of over 3,000 years. West of the city is the beautiful Yuelu Hill, at the foot of the hill, are many historic sites such as Yuelu Academy. In the center of the city is the ancient city gate tower --Tianxin Tower, which was first built 1000 years ago. Also located in the city is the ancient Baisha Well, from which clear and pure water has been gushing out nonstop throughout the year for thousands of years. Inhabitants in Changsha today still come here to fetch water for drinking. Orange Island in the Xiang River was where Mr. Mao Zedong often rambled and meditated. Later he wrote a very famous poem in its praise.

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4洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖。洞庭湖畔的岳阳楼，是中国三大名楼中唯一保持

原址原貌的国家重点保护文物。岳阳楼所处的位置极好，它屹立于岳阳古城之上，背靠岳阳城，俯瞰洞庭湖，遥对君山岛，北依长江，南通湘江。自古以来，就是人们观光旅游的好地方。

Lake Dongting is China’s second largest freshwater lake. Yueyan g Tower, which is located on its shores, is a national key cultural relic for protection as the only one of China’s famous towers that is kept in its original condition at its original site. The tower is very favorably located, standing as it does on Yueya ng’s ancient city wall with the city behind and overlooking Lake Dongting to the distant Junshan Isle; to its north is the Yangtze River and to the south the Xiang River. Since ancient times, the tower has been a good place for sightseeing and touring. (Picture)

5目前，人类的生存环境正在遭到破坏，美丽的大自然已经不那么美丽了。保护野生动物，也就是保护人娄自己。我强烈呼吁：不要再捕杀黑猩猩，不要再捕杀野生动物了，让我们人类多一些地球上的朋友，多给我们下一代保留一些野生动物吧! 否则，地球将毁灭在人类手中，人类将毁灭在自己手中。

At present, man’s living environment is being ruined, and beautiful nature is no longer so beautiful. Protection of wild life is protection of man himself. So I appeal strongly to all to stop killing the chimpanzee or any other wild animal. Let us human beings have more friends on the earth, and leave more wild life for future generations. Or the earth would be destroyed by man, and man by man himself.

6 中秋节

中秋节是中国一个很重要的节日，在八月十五号。在节日来临的前几天，家庭中的每一个人都帮着打扫房子，把房子装扮得漂漂亮亮的，灯笼挂在屋前。

晚上有一顿美餐，离家在外工作的人也要回来团圆。晚饭后，人们点亮灯笼，一般是红色的圆灯笼。孩子们会高高兴兴地玩他们的玩具灯笼。

夜晚月亮又圆又大，人们在赏月的同时吃着中秋节特别的食品——月饼。人们在一起回顾过去，展望未来。据说天上有一条龙，它要把月亮吞下去。为了保护月亮，孩子们要弄出很大的响动把龙吓跑。

The Mid-Autumn Festival

The Mid-Autumn Day is a very important Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th August of the lunar calendar . A few days before the festival, everyone in the family helps to make the house clean and beautiful. Lanterns will be hung in front of the house.

On the evening there will be a big family dinner. People who work far away from their homes will try to come back for the reunion. After dinner, people will light the lanterns which are usually red and round. Children will play with their own toy lanterns happily.

At night the moon is usually round and bright. People enjoy the moon while eating moon-cakes which are the special food for this festival. They could look back on the past and look forward to the future together. It is said that there was a dragon in the sky, and the dragon wanted to swallow up the moon. So the children have to make a big noise in order to protect the moon and frighten the dragon away.