电梯流量分析
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© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 9
SchindlerBiblioteka BaiduTraffic Standards. 迅达交通流量标准
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 10
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 5
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 Summary. 综述
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 6
Schindler Traffic Standards. 迅达交通流量标准 Traffic Situations (Criteria). 交通状况（标准）
Defined Traffic Situations 确定交通状况
Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark. 基本原则和迅达基准 Introduction & Guidelines. 相关介绍和指引
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 A Methodic of best guess of the Elevator Configuration needed. 对电梯配置进行有条理和最有 效预估的要素
– Defined Building Population ? 确定大楼人数？ – Defined HC5 Requirement ? 确定5分钟运载能力要求？ – Defined WT Requirement ? 确定候梯时间要求？ – Define Number of Elevators 确定电梯数量 – Define Car Speed 确定电梯速度 – Define Car Load 确定电梯载重
– For assessing an elevator group’s maximum performance, the usual relation of “WT = 60 % x INT” is not realistic. Better use “WT = 80 % x INT” or even “WT = INT”. 要对电梯梯组的最大性能进行评估，惯常用的“WT=60%xINT”公式并不能 反映真实情况，建议使用“WT=80%xINT”或“WT=INT”。
P = Ar x INT P = Passengers per car (car loaded with 80%) P = 每个轿厢的乘客数量（轿厢满载率80%） Ar = Arrival rate = arriving persons per second Ar = 到达率 = 每秒内到达的人数 INT = Interval considering waiting time WT = 80% of INT => rough estimation INT = 间隔时间按WT=80%xINT考虑 => 粗略估算 Arrival Rate Ar (example): 到达率Ar（举例说明）： 到达率 （举例说明）： Population = 800, handling capacity = 14 %, arriving persons = 112 persons / 5 min 人数=800，运载能力=14%，到达人数112人/5分钟 Ar= 0.3733 persons / sec. Ar=0.37733人/秒 人秒 Interval INT (example): 间隔时间 间隔时间INT（举例说明）： （举例说明）： Required waiting time WT = 24 sec 候梯时间要求WT=24秒 Interval = (WT/80)x100 = 30 sec 间隔时间 = (WT/80)x100 = 30秒 秒 Car Load 电梯载重 P = Ar x INT = 0.3733 persons/sec x 30 sec. P = Ar x INT = 0.3733人/秒 x 30秒 = 11.2 persons considering 80% car load = 11.2人，80%轿厢满载率 = 14.0 persons considering 100% car load = 14.0人，100%轿厢满载率 GQ [100%] = 14 persons x 75 kg / person = 1050 kg => choose 1250Kg
1.Estimated Number of Elevators 估算电梯数量 Number of Elevators = 4 (800People / 200People per Elevator) and (Floor amount / 4floor serving per Elevator) => Higher value should be considered 电梯数量=4（800人/每台电梯服务200人），如同时使用另外一个公式（楼层数/每台电梯服务4个楼 电梯数量 层）来计算电梯数量，应取两者的最大值。 2.Estimated Speed 估算电梯速度 Elevator Speed to reach top/medium level travel time between 20-25 sec V = HQ/t=20sec = 65/20 = 3.25 m/s expected speed 3m/s 如要满足顶级或中档要求，电梯的行程时间应在20-25秒之间 V=HQ/t=20秒=65/20=3.25米/秒，预期电梯速度为3米/秒。 3.Estimated Car load 估算电梯载重 INT = (WT/80) x 100 = (24/80)x100 = 30 sec Ar = (Population/100)*HC5 / 300 = (800/100)*14/300 = 0.37333 Persons/sec P = Ar * INT = 0.3733 * 30 = 11.2 Persons (80% car load) 100% carload would be around 14.0 Persons) estimated car load (75 Kg/ person) = 1050 Kg would fit with a 1250 Kg Car Load Design P=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2人(轿厢满载率80%)，如按100%轿厢满载率，人数约为14人，按75公斤/ 人，则电梯载重=1050公斤，向上取整得电梯载重 电梯载重1250公斤 公斤。 电梯载重 公斤
Recommended Values for Travel Time 行程时间推荐值 - 20 sec for top requirement (example beside) 顶级标准为20秒（假设左侧例子如是） - 25 sec for medium requirement 中档标准为25秒 - 32 sec basic requirement 普通标准为32秒 VKN = HQ / T = 65m / 20s = 3.25 m/s
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 2
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 How to Design an Elevator for an Office Building? 如何规划办公楼的电梯配置？
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 3
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 Estimate Numbers of Elevators needed. 估算电梯数量
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 Relation WT / INT. WT和INT的关系
Interpretation of Interval Waiting Time 说明：间隔时间 候梯时间 说明： – The relation of interval INT and average waiting time WT has been examined for a number of different elevator groups. It has found out that the ratio WT/INT depends very much on the elevator group and on the arrival rate (as percentage of the maximum handling capacity). 经过对比不同梯组的电梯间隔时间和平均候梯时间，我们发现：WT/INT系数 很大程度上取决于梯组配置和到达率（与5分钟运载能力最大值相等）
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 7
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 How to Define the Car Load GQ? 确定电梯载重
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 8
Traffic Vision 3.0 Overview 概览
Given Input 假设值 假设值: Building with a Population of 800 Amount of floors above main Floor = 16 Travel Height around 65 m Required HC 5 = 14% Required average WT around 24 sec 大楼总人数800人 基站以上楼层数=16 提升高度大约为65米 要求HC5=14% 要求平均候梯时间WT约为24秒
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 4
Office Building. 办公楼 Define the Car Speed. 确定电梯速度
HQ = Travel height (65m example beside) HQ = 提升高度（假设左侧例子的提升高度为65米） T = Travel time from main floor to top floor without taking time losses into account caused by acceleration and deceleration T = 从基站直驶到最高层站的时间，不考虑加减速等 额外时间
• 250 persons per elevator 每台电梯服务250人 每台电梯服务 人 • 4 - 5 floors per elevator 每台电梯服务4-5个楼层 每台电梯服务 个楼层 • 24 floors per elevator group 每个梯组服务24个楼层 每个梯组服务 个楼层
SchindlerBiblioteka BaiduTraffic Standards. 迅达交通流量标准
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 10
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 5
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 Summary. 综述
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 6
Schindler Traffic Standards. 迅达交通流量标准 Traffic Situations (Criteria). 交通状况（标准）
Defined Traffic Situations 确定交通状况
Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark. 基本原则和迅达基准 Introduction & Guidelines. 相关介绍和指引
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 A Methodic of best guess of the Elevator Configuration needed. 对电梯配置进行有条理和最有 效预估的要素
– Defined Building Population ? 确定大楼人数？ – Defined HC5 Requirement ? 确定5分钟运载能力要求？ – Defined WT Requirement ? 确定候梯时间要求？ – Define Number of Elevators 确定电梯数量 – Define Car Speed 确定电梯速度 – Define Car Load 确定电梯载重
– For assessing an elevator group’s maximum performance, the usual relation of “WT = 60 % x INT” is not realistic. Better use “WT = 80 % x INT” or even “WT = INT”. 要对电梯梯组的最大性能进行评估，惯常用的“WT=60%xINT”公式并不能 反映真实情况，建议使用“WT=80%xINT”或“WT=INT”。
P = Ar x INT P = Passengers per car (car loaded with 80%) P = 每个轿厢的乘客数量（轿厢满载率80%） Ar = Arrival rate = arriving persons per second Ar = 到达率 = 每秒内到达的人数 INT = Interval considering waiting time WT = 80% of INT => rough estimation INT = 间隔时间按WT=80%xINT考虑 => 粗略估算 Arrival Rate Ar (example): 到达率Ar（举例说明）： 到达率 （举例说明）： Population = 800, handling capacity = 14 %, arriving persons = 112 persons / 5 min 人数=800，运载能力=14%，到达人数112人/5分钟 Ar= 0.3733 persons / sec. Ar=0.37733人/秒 人秒 Interval INT (example): 间隔时间 间隔时间INT（举例说明）： （举例说明）： Required waiting time WT = 24 sec 候梯时间要求WT=24秒 Interval = (WT/80)x100 = 30 sec 间隔时间 = (WT/80)x100 = 30秒 秒 Car Load 电梯载重 P = Ar x INT = 0.3733 persons/sec x 30 sec. P = Ar x INT = 0.3733人/秒 x 30秒 = 11.2 persons considering 80% car load = 11.2人，80%轿厢满载率 = 14.0 persons considering 100% car load = 14.0人，100%轿厢满载率 GQ [100%] = 14 persons x 75 kg / person = 1050 kg => choose 1250Kg
1.Estimated Number of Elevators 估算电梯数量 Number of Elevators = 4 (800People / 200People per Elevator) and (Floor amount / 4floor serving per Elevator) => Higher value should be considered 电梯数量=4（800人/每台电梯服务200人），如同时使用另外一个公式（楼层数/每台电梯服务4个楼 电梯数量 层）来计算电梯数量，应取两者的最大值。 2.Estimated Speed 估算电梯速度 Elevator Speed to reach top/medium level travel time between 20-25 sec V = HQ/t=20sec = 65/20 = 3.25 m/s expected speed 3m/s 如要满足顶级或中档要求，电梯的行程时间应在20-25秒之间 V=HQ/t=20秒=65/20=3.25米/秒，预期电梯速度为3米/秒。 3.Estimated Car load 估算电梯载重 INT = (WT/80) x 100 = (24/80)x100 = 30 sec Ar = (Population/100)*HC5 / 300 = (800/100)*14/300 = 0.37333 Persons/sec P = Ar * INT = 0.3733 * 30 = 11.2 Persons (80% car load) 100% carload would be around 14.0 Persons) estimated car load (75 Kg/ person) = 1050 Kg would fit with a 1250 Kg Car Load Design P=Ar*INT=0.3733*30=11.2人(轿厢满载率80%)，如按100%轿厢满载率，人数约为14人，按75公斤/ 人，则电梯载重=1050公斤，向上取整得电梯载重 电梯载重1250公斤 公斤。 电梯载重 公斤
Recommended Values for Travel Time 行程时间推荐值 - 20 sec for top requirement (example beside) 顶级标准为20秒（假设左侧例子如是） - 25 sec for medium requirement 中档标准为25秒 - 32 sec basic requirement 普通标准为32秒 VKN = HQ / T = 65m / 20s = 3.25 m/s
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 2
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 How to Design an Elevator for an Office Building? 如何规划办公楼的电梯配置？
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 3
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 Estimate Numbers of Elevators needed. 估算电梯数量
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 Relation WT / INT. WT和INT的关系
Interpretation of Interval Waiting Time 说明：间隔时间 候梯时间 说明： – The relation of interval INT and average waiting time WT has been examined for a number of different elevator groups. It has found out that the ratio WT/INT depends very much on the elevator group and on the arrival rate (as percentage of the maximum handling capacity). 经过对比不同梯组的电梯间隔时间和平均候梯时间，我们发现：WT/INT系数 很大程度上取决于梯组配置和到达率（与5分钟运载能力最大值相等）
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 7
Rule of Thumb. 基本原则 How to Define the Car Load GQ? 确定电梯载重
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 8
Traffic Vision 3.0 Overview 概览
Given Input 假设值 假设值: Building with a Population of 800 Amount of floors above main Floor = 16 Travel Height around 65 m Required HC 5 = 14% Required average WT around 24 sec 大楼总人数800人 基站以上楼层数=16 提升高度大约为65米 要求HC5=14% 要求平均候梯时间WT约为24秒
© Schindler | TRT CN | TV3.0 Training | Rule of Thumb & Schindler Benchmark | 2008/10 | Page 4
Office Building. 办公楼 Define the Car Speed. 确定电梯速度
HQ = Travel height (65m example beside) HQ = 提升高度（假设左侧例子的提升高度为65米） T = Travel time from main floor to top floor without taking time losses into account caused by acceleration and deceleration T = 从基站直驶到最高层站的时间，不考虑加减速等 额外时间
• 250 persons per elevator 每台电梯服务250人 每台电梯服务 人 • 4 - 5 floors per elevator 每台电梯服务4-5个楼层 每台电梯服务 个楼层 • 24 floors per elevator group 每个梯组服务24个楼层 每个梯组服务 个楼层