法律英语考试复习

Lesson one

1、a cause of action案由

2、social norms 社会标准

3、substantive law实体法

4、procedural law程序法

5、resolve disputes解决纠纷

6、provide for规定

7、be entitled to 有权······

8、law of contracts合同法

9、private law私法

10、public law公法

11、constitution law宪法

12、administration law行政法

13、criminal law刑法

14、the law of torts 侵权法

15、the civil law system大陆法体系

16、the common law普通法

17、the operation of the judicial processes司法程序的运作

18、the United States Congress美国国会

19、judge-made law判例法

20、judicial decision 司法决定

Lesson two

multi-state transactions 多重性

choice of law 法律的选择

substantive rights实体权利

conflicts of law 法律冲突

choice of forum 法院的选择

courts of limited jurisdiction 有限管辖权法院

courts of general jurisdiction 一般管辖权法院

trial courts初审法院

inferior court低级法院

superior court 高级法院

supreme court最高法院

circuit court 巡回法院

district court区法院

appellate court上诉法院

intermediate appellate court中级宪法

at the discretion of 由······自由裁量

court of limited subject matter jurisdiction 有限对事管辖权法院the amount in controversy争议数额

diversity jurisdiction多元管辖

federal question联邦问题

the United States Courts of Appeals美国上诉法院

the Court of Appeals for the district of ······特区上诉法院

the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit联邦巡回法院

the Supreme Court of the United States联邦最高法院

original jurisdiction初审管辖权

Lesson three

judicial process司法程序

serve our purpose达到我们的目的

regulatory and enabling legislation 规范性和授权性法规

the adversary system抗辩制

trial procedure 审判程序

the inquisitorial system纠问制

regulatory legislation规范性法规

direct and cross examination直接质证、间接质证

procedural safeguards程序保障

due process正当程序

on his own case 证明自己的立场

impartial investigation 不偏不倚的调查

resort to law诉诸法律

resort to force诉诸武力

turn on 取决于，依赖

Lesson four

legal relief 法律救济

arbitration仲裁

jurisdiction over the person of the defendant对被告的人身管辖权courts of original jurisdiction初审管辖权法院

minimum contacts最低限度的联系

be filed with 把······登记备案

service of process送达

give notice to通知

service by publication公告送达

a motion to dismiss驳回动议

pleading-in-answer 答辩状

sue对······提起诉讼

redress纠正，补救

summons传票

affirmative defense积极抗辩

counter-claim反诉

on one’s part(on the part of )就某人而言，在某人一方；某人有责任的under penalty of （违者）以·······惩治

in essence实质上

default judgment缺席判决

Lesson five

pre-trial discovery

question sb under oath经宣誓后质问某人

lay a basis for为····打基础

written interrogatories 质询书

the interrogatory party 质询方

discovery devices 取证方法

compulsory physical examination 强制体检

person injury case 人身伤害案

discovery procedures 取证程序

discovery requests 取证要求

the violating party 违反的一方

a pretrial conference 审前会议

summary judgment 即决判决

the opposing party 对方

at the pleading stage 起诉答辩阶段

decide the case in the mover’s favor of 作出有利于动议方的判决legitimate function 合法功能

a fact of life 无法回避的事实

interrogatory questions 质询的问题

set the case for trial 将案件提交庭审

depose 宣誓作证；选时候录取····的证词

legitimate合法的

Lesson six

the Seventh Amendment to the Constitution 宪法第七修正案impanel the jury 组成陪审团

challenge for cause 相对异议

peremptory challenges 绝地异议

opening statement 公开声明发言

directed verdict 指令性裁决

find in his favor 作出有利于他的立场判决

non-moving party 非动议方

charge the jury 给陪审团上课

final argument 最后陈述

general information 一般知识

the burden of proof 举证责任

a preponderance of the evidence 优势证据

general verdict 一般裁决

special verdict 特殊裁决

legal effect 法律后果