2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研国际商务英语---考试要点,考研真题2

国际商务英语---考试要点

Equities:company stocks

Ratify:make an agreement or a treaty officially valid by signing it

Controversy:public argument about sth.Which many people disagree with

Biennial:happening every alternate year

Clout:influence

Anti-dumping:one form of action which may be taken by a government to protect industries from unfair competition by which goods are sold at a price lower than in the country where they are manufactured Mandate:authority given to perform a duty

Stillborn:(of a child)dead at birth;(of an idea or a plan)not developing further

Contracting party:a country of film that signs a legal agreement

Akin to:similar,related to

Optimal:best or most favorable

Terms of trade:the relation of export and import prices

Preference:a practical advantage given to one over others

Export earnings:money earned on the sales of goods to other countries

Provisions:a formal or explicit statement of conditions demanded

Tariffs:customs duties imposed by a government on imports or exports

Invisibles:trade in services

Board:an official group of persons who direct or supervise some activities of a firm

Permanent:lasting

Counterpart:a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function

Forum:an outlet for discussing of matters of interest to a given group

外刊经贸知识选读

1.The writer examines the development of China’s trade policy and the present state of the overseas

economic links.

2.The pattern of China’s foreign trade has changed substantially since the founding of People’s

Republic.

3.China exported agricultural products to the USSR and East European countries in return for

manufactured goods and the capital equipment required for the country’s industrialization programme which placed emphasis on the development of heavy industry.

4.The Great Leap Forward of1958-1959initially produced gains in agricultural and industrial

production,but subsequently resulted in serious economic imbalances.

5.Economic problems were exacerbated by three bad harvests with the result that national income and

the volume of foreign trade contracted during1960-1962.

6.The withdrawal of Soviet economic and technical aid in the early-1960s caused trade to shift awa y

from the USSR and its Comecon partners towards Japan and Western Europe.

7.The growth of foreign trade was disrupted again during the Cultural Revolution(1966-1976)when

agricultural and industrial production fell sharply and transportation constraints became more serious.

8.Foreign trade,which has a major role in the Four Modernizations programme,has grown rapidly over

the past few years.

9.The Sino-USA agreement on trade relations,which came into force in February1980,accords China

most-favored nation treatment.

10.A commodity breakdown of China’s trade shows that fuels accounted for24percent of total exports

in1982……

11.But the leading categories of imports in1982were food,which accounted for22percent of the total,

light manufactured items with a share of20percent and machinery and transportation equipment with 17percent.

12.The US dollar value of Chinese exports increased at an average rate of almost18percent per

annum between1978and1983……

13.As a result,the visible trade surplus rose sharply from US$3.7billion in1981to US$4.4billion in

1982and US$3.7billion in1983.

14.Official recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese

economy had caused imports to rise by more than50percent in1978placing undue strain on the national economy.

15.China became a net gain exporter in1984.

16.The pattern of foreign trade growth was reserved in1984:the value of exports increased by10

percent,but imports jumped38percent with the result that the visible trade account was in deficit by US$1.1billion.

17.The strong increase in imports last year is attributed to buoyant economic activity as well as to the

success of the Government’s trade and foreign investment policies.

18.HK is China’s major export market accounting for approximately26percent of total exports in1983

(though much in re-exported to other destinations from there).

19.The EEC’s share of China’s exports has generally been around11-12percent over the past few years

(the leading export markets within the European Community are Germany and the United Kingdom),…….

20.The most important suppliers among the industrial countries were Japan……

21.The successful outcome to negotiations between Britain and China about the future of HK will

strengthen the Sino-British relations and is expected to boost trade between the two countries.

22.The value of Chinese exports to Britain,which rose rapidly between1977and1980,declined in

1981-1982,but recovered strongly in1983….

23.Chinese officials stress the importance of introducing advanced technology to domestic industry,

but the need is for technology of varying degrees of sophistication,not necessarily for advanced technology as that term is understood in the West.

24.The size of the visible account of the balance of payments,but the size of the visible trade surplus

during1981-1983and a pronounced increase in earnings from tourism suggest that the current account has been in surplus over the past few years.

25.Foreign exchange reserves have risen rapidly from approximately US$2.5billion at end-1980to US

$17.0billion by October1984.

26.The balance of foreign exchange reserves is controlled by the Bank of China which specializes in