宾语从句和表语从句详解
宾语从句和表语从句
一.宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。
谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。
有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad 等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
二.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词:who, whose, what ,which副词:when ,where, how, why 等。
(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事项:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
例句:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情况中that不能省略当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
宾语从句和表语从句要点归纳
宾语从句和表语从句一、宾语从句要点归纳★宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。
★that在引导宾语从句时无词义,也不充当任何成分,且通常可以省略。
但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时,通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略,其余从句的that一般不能省略。
如:My uncle said (that) he would come and that he would also bring his son.★whether和if都意为“是否”,通常情况下,二者都可以引导宾语从句;但在介词之后或与or not连用时,只能用whether。
注意:当whether与or not 不连在一起时,口语中可用if取代whether,当然也可以用whether。
如:I don't know if / whether there will be trains any more. They are worrying about whether they can get there in time.I don't know whether or not I should take his advice.I'm not sure if / whether the train will arrive on time o r not.★有时可用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句后置。
如:We have made it clear that we will learn to deal with var ious difficult problems.★在第一人称I / we与动词think, expect, believe, guess, suppose等连用,后接宾语从句时,通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词,形成否定前移。
如:I don't suppose you're used to this diet.二、表语从句要点归纳★表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句与表语从句的区别
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句与表语从句的区别宾语从句和表语从句是英语语法中两个重要的从句类型。
尽管它们在形式和用法上有些相似,但它们之间存在着明显的区别。
本文将对宾语从句和表语从句进行详细归纳和比较分析。
宾语从句(Object Clauses)宾语从句是一个句子,被用作主句中的宾语。
它通常回答了主句中的动词或介词所问的疑问。
通常有三种类型的宾语从句:陈述句型、疑问句型和祈使句型。
以下是宾语从句的特点和用法:1. 宾语从句常常由连接词引导,如that、whether、if等。
例句:He asked me whether I had finished my homework.2. 宾语从句中的谓语动词常按照陈述句的语序来构造,即主语+谓语(不需要使用助动词do/does/did)。
例句:She told us that she was going to study abroad.3. 宾语从句不加标点符号与主句隔开。
例句:I don't know if I can attend the party.4. 宾语从句可以出现在动词宾语的位置,也可以出现在介词宾语的位置。
例句:I believe that he is telling the truth.They are discussing whether to go on a trip.表语从句(Predicate Nomination Clauses)表语从句用来说明主语的身份、状态、特点等,并与系动词(如be、seem、appear等)连用,充当系动词的宾语。
以下是表语从句的特点和用法:1. 表语从句通常由连接词引导,如that、whether等。
例句:His dream is that he becomes a successful businessman.2. 表语从句中的谓语动词与主从句的主语保持一致。
例句:The problem is that we have run out of time.3. 表语从句不加标点符号与主句隔开。
宾语从句和表语从句详解
宾语从句和表语从句详解宾语从句和表语从句详解名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句.这种从句可以做主语.宾语.表语.同位语等,所以这类从句包括主语从句.宾语从句.表语从句和同位语从句.各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的,即由if, whether, that和各种疑问词充当连接词,后接陈述语序.例如:What they are doing seems very important.(主语从句)他们在做的事似乎很重要.My hope is that he will be the best student in the class.(表语从句)我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生.Nobody knows who he is.(宾语从句)大家都不知道他是谁.I don t like the idea that money is everything.(同位语从句)我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点.引导名词性从句的连接词中,除了that,if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分.【宾语从句】在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.引导宾语从句的词有连词that, whether, if;连接代词who, which, what以及其强调形式 whoever, whichever, whatever; 连接副词 when, where, why, how等.例如:Do you know where the Greens live?I have no interest in how rich he is.宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构:1.由that引导的宾语从句(that 引导宾语从句时,特别是在口语中可省略)The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.that引导的宾语从句多用于say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, e_pect, e_plain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等后.当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, e_pect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示.例如:I don t think it is right for him to treat you like that.(= I think it is not right for him .)that不能省略的情况:(1)当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省.如:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked notto tell you.(2)当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省.如:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine greencoat and his black silk cap.(3)当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省.如:I can t tell him that his mother died.2.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序.用于这种结构的动词常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等.I can t decide which book I should buy.3.由whether(if)引导的宾语从句I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的.意思是是否 .宾语从句要用陈述句语序.一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用.4.宾语从句后带有宾补时,需用it作形式宾语,而把宾语从句放在句后,这时that不省略.例如:He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home.【表语从句】在句子中作表语的从句叫做表语从句.引导表语从句的词有连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why以及其它连词as if,as though,because等.例如:The question is whether it is worth reading.They are just what I want.That s why they were late.1.含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact,truth,e_planation,problem,opinion,view等.如:The fact is that fish can t go without water.事实是鱼离开水不能存活.2. as if (as though)也可以用于表语从句.但多是以下面形式出现.主语+look(seem)as if+从句如:It looked as if it was going to snow.It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon.注意:不用 if 引导表语从句.reason做主语时,表语从句应由that引导,不用because. that 引导表语从句时,通常不能省略.专项练习(附答案)1. I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week. Is that ______you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where2. I ask her _____ come with me.A. if she willB. if will sheC. whether will sheD. will she3. It was a matter of _______ would take the position.A. whoB. whoeverC. whomD. whomever4. Can you tell me ________?A. who is that gentleman isB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom is that gentleman5. Can you tell me ________ the railway station?A. how I can get toB. what can I get toC. where I can got toD. where can I get to6. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever7. Do you know ________ ?A. what is his nameB. how is his nameC. what his name isD. how his name is8. Go and get your coat. It s________ you left it.A. thereB. whereC. there whereD. where there9. I wonder how much ________.A. does the watch costB. did the watch costC. the watch costedD. the watch costs_. It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me.A. what;thatB. that;thatC. what;whatD. that;what_. Is Mary from New York City? I don t know _______.A. from what city does she come fromB. from what city she comeC. what city does she come fromD. what city she comes from_. Henry killed the dog. I ll ask him why ________.A. did he do thatB. he did thatC. he didD. he has done so_. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________.A. how he is getting alongB. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting alongD. what is he getting along_. I am sure ________ he said is true.A. thatB. about thatC. of thatD. that what_. You can t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were e_citedB. how e_cited they wereC. how e_cited were theyD. they were how e_cited_. Why the e_plosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. forB. becauseC. sinceD. that_. We gave him ________ help we could.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. this_. E_cuse me would you please tell me ________?A. when the sports meet is taken placeB. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to beginD. when the sports meet is to take place_. This book will show you ________ can be used in other conte_ts.A. how you have observedB. how what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed_. Where do you think ________?A. has he goneB. has he beenC. he s goneD. was he参考答案:1. A 由句子结构得知,空白处应选能在表语从句中作状语的连接副词,A. B. D.三个答案均能满足这一要求,但根据句意应选A,why为连接副词,在表语从句中作原因状语.2. A 宾语从句作ask的直接宾语,应用陈述句语序.3. A 空白处在宾语从句中做主语,因而可首先排除C.D两项.whoever = anyonewho与题意不符,故答案为A.4. C 宾语从句应用陈述句语序. 你能告诉我那位绅士是谁吗?5. A 问路应该说How can I get to ,宾语从句应用陈述句语序,故选A.6. B 空白处为want 的宾语,应选用连接代词,而whichever常用作定语,whatever = anything that,故答案为B.7. C 8. B 9. D_. A what he said在复合句中做主语,that是强调句用法._. D _. B _. A_. D 在作表语的形容词后的宾语从句中的that不可省略._. B 这是一个由how引导的宾语从句,在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序,故答案为B._. D 表语从句中的that不可省略. _. B _. D _. B _. C。
名词性从句的三种类型及例句解析
名词性从句的三种类型及例句解析名词性从句是指在一个句子中充当名词的从句。
它可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等,并能够起到连接子句与主句的作用。
在英语语法中,有三种主要类型的名词性从句:宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句。
本文将详细解析这三种类型,并举例说明其用法。
一、宾语从句宾语从句作为一个整体出现在主句中的动词后面,充当主句的宾语。
它常常引导由that、whether/if、wh-疑问词引导的从句。
下面是一些例句:1. 主句:He asked me a question.宾语从句:He asked me whether I had finished my homework.解析:宾语从句"whether I had finished my homework"作为动词"ask"的宾语,表达了一个疑问。
2. 主句:She doesn't know the answer.宾语从句:She doesn't know what the answer is.解析:宾语从句"what the answer is"作为动词"know"的宾语,表示对答案的不知道。
3. 主句:They wonder if he will come to the party.宾语从句:They wonder if/whether he will come to the party.解析:宾语从句"if/whether he will come to the party"作为动词"wonder"的宾语,表达了对他是否会来参加派对的疑问。
二、主语从句主语从句作为一个整体出现在句子的最前面,充当主句的主语。
它通常由that引导,也可以由wh-疑问词引导。
以下是一些例句:1. 主句:It is important to learn a foreign language.主语从句:That she is a hardworking student is important.解析:主语从句"That she is a hardworking student"作为句子的主语,强调了她是一个勤奋的学生的重要性。
从句的种类和用法详解
从句的种类和用法详解从句是英语语法中重要的一个部分,由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成。
从句可以增加语言的表达力,使句子更加丰富多样。
本文将详细解释从句的种类和用法,帮助读者更好地理解和运用从句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句在句子中充当名词的功能,可以作主语、宾语、表语或补语。
常见的名词性从句有三种种类:主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。
1. 主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,常以"that"引导。
例如:"That he is late surprises me."(他迟到了让我感到惊讶。
)2. 宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当动词的宾语,通常由"that"引导,但在口语中可以省略。
例如:"I believe that he will come." (我相信他会来。
)"I know he will come." (我知道他会来。
)3. 表语从句表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色。
例如:"The important thing is that you try your best."(最重要的是你尽力而为。
)二、定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,常以关系代词或关系副词引导。
定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:"The man who is speaking is my teacher."(正在说话的那个人是我的老师。
)"The book that I borrowed from the library is interesting."(我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
)三、状语从句状语从句用来表达时间、条件、原因、结果、目的、比较等信息,在句子中充当状语的角色。
根据不同的用途,状语从句可以分为六种类型。
1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句用来表示一个动作或事件发生的时间。
表语从句与宾语从句详解及练习
表语从句表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,与连系动词一起构成谓语。
The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人困惑。
(主语+连系动词+形容词作表语)The problem is when we can get a pay rise.问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。
(主语+连系动词+句子作表语(表语从句))※连接表语从句的连接词有:that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever,whomever,whichever ,whatever等。
还有如because, as if, as though等。
His suggestion is good.His suggestion is that we should stay calm.The question is confusing.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.※表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.※引导名词性从句时if/whether(是否)用法辨析:if不能引导表语从句,只能用whether 来引导。
引导宾语从句时if/whether可以互换,但介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether来引导。
位于句首的主语从句只能用whether来引导,同位语从句也只能用whether来引导。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.※不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态与从句时态可以不一致。
宾语从句和表语从句的区别和联系
宾语从句和表语从句的区别和联系
二者的结构不同。
宾语从句的结构为主谓宾,表语从句的结构为主系表。
宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句。
其作用跟名词在句中的作用相同。
故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句,充当表语的句子叫表语从句。
1表语从句
表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
连接表语从句的连接词有:that,what,who,when,where,which,why,whether,how,whoever,whichever,whatever等。
还有如because,as if,as though等。
1.His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 他的建议是,我们应该保持冷静。
2.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 问题是,他什么时候可以到达酒店。
2宾语从句
宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成分,口语中一般可以省略。
whether和if都可引导宾语从句,但whether后可紧跟or not;体的含义,意为“是否”。
if/whether不能省略。
从句的种类与结构详细解析
从句的种类与结构详细解析从句是复句结构中的一种重要成分,它由一个主句和一个从句组成。
从句可以表达各种关系,功能上相当于其他句子成分。
本文将详细解析从句的种类与结构,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用从句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色,可以分为主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句三种类型。
它们的结构和功能如下:1. 主语从句主语从句作为句子的主语,通常由连词“that”引导。
例如:“That he didn't show up at the meeting surprised everyone.”这个例句中,“that he didn't show up at the meeting”就是一个主语从句,它充当了整个句子的主语。
2. 宾语从句宾语从句作为句子的宾语,通常由连词“that”引导,也可以省略。
例如:“I believe that he will succeed in the future.”这个例句中,“that he will succeed in the future”就是一个宾语从句,它充当了整个句子的宾语。
3. 表语从句表语从句用于说明主语的身份、特征等,在句中充当了表语的角色。
例如:“My biggest fear is that I will fail the exam.”这个例句中,“that I will fail the exam”就是一个表语从句,它充当了整个句子的表语。
二、形容词性从句形容词性从句用来修饰名词,充当形容词的角色。
它可以由关系代词和关系副词引导。
具体结构如下:1. 关系代词引导的形容词性从句关系代词有“that, which, who, whom, whose”等,用来引导形容词从句并在从句中充当句子成分。
例如:“The man who is talking to my sister is a doctor.”这个例句中,“who is talking to my sister”就是一个由关系代词引导的形容词性从句,修饰了前面的名词“man”。
宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,表语从句的详细讲解及例句
当我们学习语法时,我们常常会遇到几种从句,包括宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句和表语从句。
下面逐个进行详细讲解,并给出相应的例句。
1. 宾语从句(Object Clause):宾语从句用来做主句中的宾语。
它通常由连接词引导,如that, if, whether, what, where, who, whom, whose等。
例句:- I don't know what he wants.(我不知道他想要什么。
)- She asked if he could come to the party.(她问他是否能来参加派对。
)- They wonder where we are going.(他们想知道我们要去哪里。
)2. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause):状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词,表示时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等。
它通常由连接词引导,如when, while, because, if, although, since等。
例句:- We will go hiking if the weather is good.(如果天气好,我们将去远足。
)- He studied hard until he passed the exam.(他学习努力直到通过考试。
)- Although it was raining, they still went out.(虽然下雨了,他们仍然出去了。
)3. 定语从句(Relative Clause):定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,对其进行限定或说明。
它通常由关系代词引导,如that, which, who, whom, whose等。
例句:- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣。
)- The person who is talking to Mary is my brother.(正在和玛丽说话的那个人是我哥哥。
名词性从句之宾语从句和表语从句
引导词
要点一
总结词
表语从句的引导词包括that、whether、what、who、 whose等。
要点二
详细描述
that是最常用的引导词,用于引导描述性或解释性的表语从 句,如"The fact is that we won the game."(事实是我们 赢了比赛)。whether用于引导表示选择或疑问的表语从句, 如"The question is whether we should go or stay."(问 题是我们要走还是留下)。what用于引导含有疑问代词的表 语从句,如"The problem is what we should do next." (问题是接下来我们应该做什么)。who和whose用于引导 含有疑问代词的表语从句,如"The question is who should be responsible for the project."(问题是应该由谁负责这 个项目)。
03 从句与主句的关系
主从关系
主句是整个句子的核心,从句作为主句的延伸或补充,对主句进行解释、说明或 修饰。
从句在句子中的位置通常紧跟在主句之后,用连词引导,如“that”、“what” 、“when”等。
嵌套关系
嵌套关系是指一个从句内部又包含另 一个从句,即从句中又套有另一个从 句。
嵌套从句通常用于表达复杂的概念或 描述某种逻辑关系,使句子更加丰富 和多样。
名词性从句之宾语从句 和表语从句
目录
Contents
• 宾语从句 • 表语从句 • 从句与主句的关系 • 从句的省略形式
01 宾语从句
定义
01
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种, 在句子中充当宾语成分。
what宾语从句和主语从句 表语从句
what宾语从句和主语从句表语从句什么是宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句?宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句是汉语句子中的三种从句。
它们在句子中分别充当宾语、主语和表语的角色,起到对动作、状态或特征的补充说明的作用。
下面将分别对宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句进行详细的介绍和阐述。
一、宾语从句(Object Clause)1.定义宾语从句是指在复合句中充当主句的宾语的从句。
它由引导词引导,紧跟在主句动词之后,用来说明主句的动作行为的对象或接受者。
宾语从句可以由连词“是”、“的”、“可以”、“能”、“必须”、动词“说”、“认为”、“知道”、“想”、“看见”、“听到”、“感觉”等引导。
2.示例宾语从句的引导词常见的有:“从而”、“以致”、“从而”、“以至于”、“直到”、“不知道”、“知道”、“看见”、“听到”、“知道”、“想”、“记得”、“告诉”等。
下面是一些宾语从句的例子:-他告诉我,他想出国留学。
-她问我,你喜不喜欢她。
-我没听清楚他说了什么。
-你会说英语吗?-请告诉我,你们在哪里。
二、主语从句(Subject Clause)1.定义主语从句是指在复合句中充当主句主语的从句。
它在句子中的作用相当于名词性的主语,用来说明或介绍主句中的主语。
主语从句通常由连接代词、连接副词或连接连词引导。
2.示例主语从句的引导词常见的有:“谁”、“哪些”、“哪一个”、“什么”、“怎么”、“为什么”、“是否”等。
下面是一些主语从句的例子:-他们为什么要离开?-什么是幸福?-你是谁?-是否外卖服务费需要另外付费?三、表语从句(Predicative Clause)1.定义表语从句是指在复合句中充当主句的表语的从句。
它由系动词(如“是”)引导,用来说明主语所具备的特征、性质、状态或身份等。
表语从句通常由连接代词或连接副词引导。
2.示例表语从句的引导词常见的有:“是”、“怎么样”、“如何”、“好像”、“变成”、“成为”等。
下面是一些表语从句的例子:-成功与否取决于你的努力。
名词性从句之宾语从句与表语从句
back tomorrow. ❖He said that he __h_a_d__s_ee_n__(see) it .
the sun.
4.从句中有具体时间状语,即使从句动作 发生在主句动作前,仍用一般过去时。
• The boss told me he was born in 1960.
• I heard that he went to Paris last night.
Summary (小结)
宾语从句 三要素
引导词(连接词) 语序 时态
eg: I don’t know what’s the matter.
做主语
Can you tell me who is over there? Can you tell me who he is ?
做表语
否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等,
二、宾语从句三要素
引导词(连接词) 语序 时态
(一)引导词
1 从属连词 that, whether, if 2 连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what 3 连接副词 where,how,why,when
由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句
注:that 在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不 充当成分,在口语当中往往省略
初中英语三大从句详解
在英语中, 主要有三大从句, 即名词性从句(包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A.定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause), 顾名思义, 就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当, 所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外, 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的, 故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后, 这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中, 算定语从句最难掌握, 因为汉语里没有定语从句, 汉语里只有定语, 而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词, 并且在定语从句中充当句子成分, 可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有: who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:格先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which whichwhoseof which人、物 that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人, 是主格, 在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings.建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first.想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
宾语从句和表语从句的用法
是否
….的样子
…的地方
1.作动词的宾语
动词+间接宾语+宾语从句She told me that she would accept my invitation.
2.作介词的宾语
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
• is 是系动词,所以 a student是表语。
• likes 是实义动词,所以the student 是宾语
•常用的连系动词: •1表示状态存在的词:be, 感官动词(look、smell、sound、feel、taste),seem、appear等等。 •2、表示状态持续的词:keep、prove、stay、 remain、turn (out)等等。 •3、表示状态转变的词:become,come、fall、get、grow、make等等。
3)what I want to know what he has told you.
4)副词类 Where when why how
5.虚拟语气 下列动词Advise suggest propose insist order command prefer request require 后的宾语从句中谓语用Should +do/be done They suggested that I should have a rest. 比较His pale face suggested that he was ill. He advised that the work should be started early. Tom insisted that he ___(be) right and _____ ______(not punish).
宾语从句和表语从句
What is noun clause?
在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主语、宾 语、表语和同位语,由一个句子来充当,这个句子就 叫名词性从句。
主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)
名
词
宾语从句 ( The Object Clause)
I know who he is .
引导词
• 从属连词:that,whether,if
• 连接代词:who, what, which, whom, whose, whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, which
• 连接副词:when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
moving party.
2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下 不能省略:
(1)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾 语时,第二个that不能省;
(2)当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。
(3)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
• Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
4. I hear they __________
(return) it
already.
1. He said that theyh_a_d__b_e__e_n_ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
6. I didn’t know what time hew_r_o__t_e__ the
❖She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .
宾语从句和表语从句【精品课件】
2.3 特殊疑问句和宾语从句的转换:a,保留原来的疑 问词做引导词,引导词有意义,在主句和从句里都要 充当成分,不能省略。 b,从句的语序要变成陈述语 序,c,时态要与主句一致。 What does he like? I wonder what he likes. Why do you choose that one? She asked me why he chose that one. Where does Alice put the golden ring? Can you make sure where Alice had put the golden ring? Where has he gone? I have no idea where he has gone.
6. Can you tell me when ____? A. does the ship leave B. the ship will leave C. the ship leave D. will the ship leave
7. Alice wanted to know ____ her grandmother liked the bag. A. that B. if C. which D. what 8. I don’t know ____ Jane was late for school this morning. A. who B. what C. whom D. why 9. They don’t know ____ their presents are. A. when B. why C. what D. if 10. Mike asked the girl in the shop ____ the watch ____ cheap enough. A. that; is B. if; was C. that; was D. w
五大从句结构
英语五大从句结构概述英语中,从句是指不能独立成句,而需要依附于主句的句子。
从句可以在句子中担任不同的成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
根据从句的功能,可以将从句分为五大类,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
本文将介绍这五大从句的基本概念、结构和用法,并给出一些例句和练习题,帮助读者掌握从句的用法和特点。
主语从句定义主语从句是指在复合句中作主语的从句。
主语从句通常位于谓语动词之前,有时也可以用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句放在谓语动词之后。
引导词主语从句常由以下词引导:连接词:that(有时可省略)疑问代词:who, what, which, whose疑问副词:when, where, why, howwhether/if(是否)结构主语从句有两种结构:主语从句+谓语动词+其他成分it+谓语动词+其他成分+主语从句用法主语从句可以用在以下情况:一般陈述句中,如:What he said is true.(他说的是真的。
)Whether he will come is not clear.(他是否会来还不清楚。
)it is/was+形容词+that...结构中,如:It is important that we should learn English well.(我们应该学好英语,这很重要。
)It was strange that he didn't come to the party.(他没来参加聚会,这很奇怪。
)it is/was+名词+that...结构中,如:It is a fact that the earth moves around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转是一个事实。
)It was a pity that you missed the concert.(你错过了音乐会,真是遗憾。
)it +动词+that...结构中,如:It seems that he is not interested in the project.(看起来他对这个项目不感兴趣。
英语语法中的从句结构解析
英语语法中的从句结构解析在英语语法中,从句是一个非常重要的概念。
它是由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子结构。
从句在句子中充当一个名词、形容词或副词的角色,从而扩展了句子的含义和表达。
一、名词性从句名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色,可以作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
常见的名词性从句有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 主语从句主语从句用来作为句子的主语,常常以“that”引导。
例如:“That he is a genius is widely acknowledged.”(他是个天才是被广泛认可的。
)2. 宾语从句宾语从句用来作为句子的宾语,常常以“that”引导。
例如:“I believe that he will succeed.”(我相信他会成功。
)3. 表语从句表语从句用来作为句子的表语,常常以“that”引导。
例如:“The fact that he is late worries me.”(他迟到的事实让我担心。
)4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或说明名词的含义,常常以“that”引导。
例如:“The news that she won the competition surprised everyone.”(她赢得比赛的消息让每个人都感到惊讶。
)二、形容词从句形容词从句用来修饰名词或代词,常常以“that”引导。
形容词从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面。
例如:“I am looking for a book that is interesting.”(我正在找一本有趣的书。
)三、副词从句副词从句用来修饰动词、形容词或副词,常常以不同的连词引导,如“when”(当...时候)、“where”(在哪里)、“why”(为什么)、“how”(如何)等。
副词从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。
例如:“I will call you when I arrive.”(我到达时会给你打电话。
三大宾语从句的用法及例句
三大宾语从句的用法及例句三大宾语从句分别是名词性从句、限制性从句和非限制性从句。
它们在英语句子中扮演着重要的角色,能够丰富句子结构,增加句子表达的多样性。
本文将对三大宾语从句的用法进行详细介绍,并给出相应的例句,以帮助读者更好地理解和掌握这一语法知识。
## 名词性从句### 用法名词性从句是一种用来充当名词的从句。
它可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语或同位语的角色,从而取代实际的名词,使句子更加简洁明了。
名词性从句包括了主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 主语从句主语从句用来替代句子中的主语,在句中充当主语的角色。
主语从句通常由连接词that引导,但在口语中也可以省略。
2. 宾语从句宾语从句用于作及物动词的宾语,从而在句子中充当宾语的角色。
宾语从句常由连接词that引导,不过也可以由连接词whether或if引导。
3. 表语从句表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色,用来描述主语的性质、状态或身份。
表语从句常由连接词that引导,但在口语中也可以省略。
4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来对一个名词进行解释或说明。
它常常由连接词that引导,但也可以在某些情况下由whether或if引导。
### 例句1. 主语从句- That he is late is really annoying.(他迟到了真的很让人烦恼。
)- What she said is true.(她说的是真的。
)2. 宾语从句- I know that he is coming.(我知道他要来。
)- She asked me whether/ if I could help her.(她问我是否我能帮她。
)3. 表语从句- The important thing is that we are safe.(最重要的是我们平安无事。
)- His problem is that he is too lazy.(他的问题是他太懒了。
)4. 同位语从句- The news that he won the prize made me happy.(他获奖的消息让我很高兴。
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宾语从句和表语从句详解各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。
这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的,即由if,whether,that和各种疑问词充当连接词,后接陈述语序。
例如:What they are doing seems very important.(主语从句)他们在做的事似乎很重要。
My hope is that he will be the best student in the class.(表语从句)我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。
Nobody knows who he is.(宾语从句)大家都不知道他是谁。
I don’t like the idea that money iseverything.(同位语从句)我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。
引导名词性从句的连接词中,除了that,if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。
宾语从句在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的词有连词that,whether,if;连接代词who,which,what以及其强调形式whoever,whichever,whatever; 连接副词when,where,why,how等。
例如:Do you know where the Greens live?I have no interest in how rich he is.宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构:1.由that引导的宾语从句(that 引导宾语从句时,特别是在口语中可省略) The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.that引导的宾语从句多用于say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等后。
当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
例如:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.(= I think it is not right for him ….)that不能省略的情况:(1)当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
如:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked notto tell you.(2)当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
如:Just then I noticed,for the first time,that our master was wearing his fine greencoat and his black silk cap.(3)当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。
如:I can’t tell him that his mother died.2.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
用于这种结构的动词常常是:see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,find out,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。
I can’t decide which book I should buy.3.由whether(if)引导的宾语从句I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。
意思是“是否”。
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用。
4.宾语从句后带有宾补时,需用it 作形式宾语,而把宾语从句放在句后,这时that不省略。
例如:He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home.表语从句在句子中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
引导表语从句的词有连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why以及其它连词as if,as though,because等。
例如:The question is whether it is worth reading.They are just what I want.That’s why they were late.1.含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact,truth,explanation,problem,opinion,view等。
如:The fact is that fish can’t gowithout water.事实是鱼离开水不能存活。
2. as if (as though)也可以用于表语从句。
但多是以下面形式出现。
主语+look(seem)as if+从句如:It looked as if it was going to snow.It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon.注意:不用if 引导表语从句。
reason 做主语时,表语从句应由that引导,不用because。
that 引导表语从句时,通常不能省略。
专项练习(附答案)1. — I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week.— Is that ______you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where2. I ask her _____ come with me.A. if she willB. if will sheC. whether will sheD. will she3. It was a matter of _______ would take the position.A. whoB. whoeverC. whomD. whomever4. Can you tell me ________?A. who is that gentleman isB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom is that gentleman5. Can you tell me ________ the railway station?A. how I can get toB. what can I get toC. where I can got toD. where can I get to6. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever7. Do you know ________ ?A. what is his nameB. how is hisnameC. what his name isD. how his name is8. Go and get your coat. It’s________ you left it.A. thereB. whereC. there whereD. where there9. I wonder how much ________.A. does the watch costB. did the watch costC. the watch costedD. the watch costs10. It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me.A. what;thatB. that;thatC. what;whatD. that;what11. “Is Mary from New York City?” “I don’t know _______.”A. from what city does she come fromB. from what city she comeC. what city does she come fromD. what city she comes from12. Henry k illed the dog. I’ll ask him why ________.A. did he do thatB. he did thatC. he didD. he has done so13. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know ________.A. how he is getting alongB. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting alongD. what is he getting along14. I am sure ________ he said is true.A. thatB. about thatC. of thatD. that what15. You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. forB. becauseC. sinceD. that17. We gave him ________ help we could.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. this18. Excuse me would you please tell me ________?A. when the sports meet is taken placeB. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to beginD. when the sports meet is to take place19. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observedB. how what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed20. Where do you think ________?A. has he goneB. has he beenC. he’s goneD. was he参考答案:1. A 由句子结构得知,空白处应选能在表语从句中作状语的连接副词,A.B. D.三个答案均能满足这一要求,但根据句意应选A,why为连接副词,在表语从句中作原因状语。