高中阅读理解-细节题

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Questions: According to the passage, what is the rumen?

A. The first stomach compartment.

B. The name of the upper jaw.

C. The stomach where digestion (消化) takes place.

D. The name of the bacteria(细菌) in the cow's stomach.

带着发问中心及选择项目阅读原文。当我们读到rumen这个词时，可在它下面画一横线，紧接此词下面一句“first of the four compartments in their stomachs”，正是解释rumen的，可在它的下面画一虚线并可标出题号和选择项。

2．不完整的陈述句式

A．常见形式有：

Something can be best classified as .

A certain kind of person is someone who .

People are looking for better ways to .

According to the author, “it” was caused by .

B．解题技巧：

这类题的答案与原文在字面上的差异很大，有时还要找出与前句的内容在逻辑上的联系，因此答这类题时准确理解是关键，一定要冷静，仔细分析。在做不完整的陈述式题目时候，仍可参考上面列举的解题步骤。第一步，阅读题目，找出问题的发问中心。第二步，带着这些问题来阅读文章。第三步，根据前两步的分析和判断，选择出最符合题意的答案。

3．排除式

A．常见形式有：

Which of the following are NOT mentioned in the passage?

Which of the following is TRUE?

Which of the following is NOT listed in ... ?

Which of the following is NOT included in the passage?

B．解题技巧：

做这类题时，首先要仔细阅读题后的选项，牢记各个选项所阐述的不同内容，然后阅读原文。凡是原文中的信息与选择项内容相同的，我们可以在这些信息下面划线，以作为排除的内容。如果基本选项的内容在原文找不到相应的信息，那么该选项即为该题的答案。这类题与前两种题型不同，后者答案应包括在原文内容中，即与所述的事实具有直接或间接的联系，而前者的答案是被排除在原文内容之外的，因此在答题时要将与原文内容有关的三个选项排除，剩下的一个才是答案。

Life on Land

Life on land probably began about 430 million years ago, though it has existed in the water for perhaps as long as 3000 million years. When we think of the first life on land, we probably think of strange animals coming out of the oceans, but, in fact ,no animals could have been living if plants had not been on land first. Plants had to be on land before animals arrived. They supplied the first land animals with the surrounding and food necessary, since they--the plants are the only form of life that is able to get and store energy.

The first plants to exist out of the water were probably certain kinds of algae (海藻) which were followed by other plants that grew close to the ground and needed water in which to reproduce.

Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Algae have existed for more than 430 million years.

A. by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a year

B. Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s

C. some of Olivetti’s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy

D. Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning

【考例分析10】After World War Ⅱ, the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts（转移）to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents（居民）became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs（郊区）. (2010·安徽卷·C)

Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ?

A. Because older American cities were dying.

B. Because they were richer and needed more space.

C. Because cities contained the worst pare of society.

D. Because they could hardly afford a live in the city.

1．选B。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句可直接判断答案为B项。

3. 选C。细节理解题。由第五段的第一句… they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral可知，参与者被要求把面部表情的图片进行分类。所以C项正确。

3. 选B。细节理解题。根据第三自然段最后一句，跟孔子一样，苏格拉底认为，上层阶级应该统治下层阶级。故选B。

4. 选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe以及此段的最后一句But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match（敌得过）the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe.可知。

5. 选D.由倒数第三段的第一句话可知这名记者希望他的编辑能帮他把好的想法变

成更好的想法，与D项最接近。其他三项文中均未提到。

6. 选B。根据第四段“My work,” she says, “is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man.”可以得出答案B。

7. 选A。由第三段“After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city.”一句可知选A合适。

8. 选B。细节理解题。从第一段第二句话What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. 得出的。句意：然而令人奇怪的是适应于女性的标准和适应于男性的标准正好相反。所以是B项“男性的服装和女性的不同”。

9. 选A。细节理解题。根据第一段的By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year.可知“到1930年，该公司已有员工700