详细解析：兰生复旦中学学年度第一学期期中测试

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2024年上海市复旦中学物理高三第一学期期中达标测试试题含解析

2024年上海市复旦中学物理高三第一学期期中达标测试试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2．答题时请按要求用笔。

3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、如图所示，一物体自倾角为θ的固定斜面上某一位置P 处斜向上抛出，到达斜面顶端Q 处时速度恰好变为水平方向，已知P 、Q 间的距离为L ，重力加速度为g ，则关于抛出时物体的初速度0υ的大小及其与斜面间的夹角α，以下关系中正确的有A ．tan tan αθ=B ．()tan 2tan αθθ+=C ．0cos cos 22gsin L θυθθ= D ．0cos 2sin gL υθθ= 2、如图所示，一个小球（视为质点）从H =18m 高处，由静止开始通过光滑弧形轨道AB ，进入半径R =6m 的竖直圆环，且与圆环间动摩擦因数处处相等，当到达环顶C 时，刚好对轨道压力为零；沿CB 圆弧滑下后，进入光滑弧形轨道BD ，且到达高度为h 的D 点时的速度为零，g =10m/s 2，所有高度均相对B 点而言，则h 值可能为（）A ．10mB ．11mC ．12mD ．13m3、舰载战斗机着舰被称为“在刀尖上跳舞”，指的是舰载战斗机着舰有很大的风险，一旦着舰不成功，飞行员必须迅速实施“逃逸复飞”，“逃逸复飞”是指制动挂钩挂拦阻索失败后飞机的复飞.若某飞行员在一次训练“逃逸复飞”科目时，舰载战斗机复飞前的速度为25m/s ，复飞过程中的最大加速度为6m/s 2，航母跑道长为200m ，起飞需要的最小速度为50m/s.则舰载战斗机在跑道上复飞过程的最短时间是( )A ．4.2sB ．5.0sC ．7.5sD ．8.0s4、不久前欧洲天文学就发现了一颗可能适合人类居住的行星，命名为“格利斯581c”．该行星的质量是地球的5倍，直径是地球的1.5倍．设想在该行星表面附近绕行星沿圆轨道运行的人造卫星的动能为k1E ，在地球表面附近绕地球沿圆轨道运行的形同质量的人造卫星的动能为k2E ，则k1k2E E 为 A ．0.13 B ．0.3C ．3.33D ．7.5 5、如图所示，三根轻绳汇交于结点B ，其中水平绳和倾斜绳的另一端固定于墙上，竖直绳的另一端系着重物P ，现用水平向右的力缓缓拉起重物P 的过程中，绳AB 所受拉力A ．变大B ．不变C ．变小D ．先变小再变大6、物理学中通常运用大量的科学方法建立概念，如“理想模型”、“等效替代法”、“控制变量法”、“比值定义法”等，下列选项均用到“比值定义法”的一组概念是（） A ．合力与分力、总电阻、电场强度B ．质点、电场强度、点电荷C ．速度、质点、电场强度D ．加速度、电场强度、电容二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat good films are coming out in March? Here are four films to watch this March.MulanIt’s another live-action remake of a classic Disney cartoon. It is based on an ancient Chinese girl who dresses up herself as a man so that she can join the army.Director Niki Caro and the actors show us wonderful battle scenes and Chinese Kung Fu.OnwardDragons, unicorns (独角兽) and other creatures are usually considered to only exist in ancient Greece, but in Onward, they are all still alive and kicking in the UStoday. Onward is about two brothers who go on a road trip in order to bring their father back from the dead. It is such a perfect film that it’s worth spending a few hours in the cinema.RadioactiveRadioactive tells us about a famous Polish-French scientist, Marie Curie who won the Nobel Prize twice but was finally killed by the radiation she studied. In the film. Curie is played by Rosamund Pike alongside Sam Riley as her husband Pierre Curie and Anya Taylor-Joy as their daughter Irene.MisbehaviorThe Miss World Beauty Contest may be out of fashion, but it used to be one of television’s biggest events.Misbehaviortells what happened when the event was staged at the Royal Albert hall in London in 1970. There could hardly be a more interesting topic for a film, even if it was set 50 years ago.1. What do we know about Onward?A. It praises a woman fighter.B. It is a Chinese story.C. It focuses on animal protection.D. It is a film about magic.2. Who does Rosamund Pike play?A. A soldier.B. A killer.C. A scientist.D. A designer.3. Which of the following films is set in the UK?A. Misbehavior.B. Onward.C. Radioactive.D. Mulan.BTrue friend from a distant landInternational friends can come in many shapes and sizes. However they arrive on the scene, they are always appreciated, especially in times ofturbulence. Michael Lindsay (1909 — 94) is a case in point.After graduating from the University of Oxford in 1931, Lindsay arrived in China in 1937 on a ship from Canada intending merely to teach economics at Beiping Yenching University, the current Peking University. He traveled with Norman Bethune the Canadian doctor who dedicated his life to medicine in China during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931 — 45).Lindsay left Beijing at the end of 1941, and went to the Communist-led Jinchaji base(晋察冀边区)together with his wife Li Xiaoli, who was a Shanxi local and a former student of his.“Lindsay was inspired by the hard work local Chinesepeople made in fighting against Japanese aggression. After learning that Chinese armies on the frontlines were suffering supply shortages, Lindsay was determined to lend a hand," says Yan Juhai, a retired official from Shanxi's Lyuliang city. "In the Jinchaji base, NieRongzhen( 1899 — 1992), the base's top commander, appointed him to work as the communications expert, where he became a full-time radio technician contributing greatly in communication technology innovation and training," says Yan.In 1944 Lindsay and his wife arrived in Yan'an in Shaanxi province and helped fix its telecommunication equipment. They stayed for 18 months in Yan'an, and after the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, they decided to return to the United Kingdom to visit their parents.4. Which word in the following can best replace the underlined word?A. peaceB. warC. stressD. sorrow5. Why did Lindsay go to the Communist-led Jinchaji base according to Yan Juhai?A. Because his wife was a Shanxi local.B. Because he was warmly invited by NieRongzhen.C. Because he was touched by Chinese people's effortsD. Because he was more interested in communications.6. What can we learn from the article?A. Lindsay and his wife stayed in China for over 8 years.B. Lindsay's wife was also skilled in communication technology.C. Lindsay was appointed as the communications consultant in Shanxi province.D. Lindsay taught economics in the Jinchaji base besides his work as a radio expert.7. Where is the text probably from?A. a guidebookB. a novelC. a diaryD. a newspaperCChimps use loud calls and gestures to make their feelings known but until now, the exact meaning for individual movements has remained a mystery. Now researchers believe they have translated the key gestures used in the chimp community and identified their intentions for the first time.From 4,351 gestures, experts were able to identify 66 that are used for 19 specific message meanings, including showing a foot to tell a child they can climb on their back. The researchers were able to narrow down these 66 gestures to 36 that are used intentionally to achieve 15 purposes. The translations were made by Dr Catherine Hobaiter and her colleagues at St Andrews University in Scotland.Dr Hobaiter used behavior sampling and filmed all recorded cases of gestural communication. Other gestures include stomping their feet to ask another chimp to stop what they are doing, and slapping objects together to ask another to follow them. Of the 19 meanings,17 encouraged interactions to start, or to develop, such as “move closer,” and “change play”. Some of the gestures were found to have more than one meaning. and only 10 of the 66 gestures were used for only a single meaning.Researchers collected a total of 471 video clips from two social groups of chimps at a shelter near Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. As well as identifying what the gesture means, they also discovered the technique needed to increase the chances of success.“Human children use gestures to communicate before they produce their first words, and their earliest gestures typically appear around 10 months of age,” explained the researchers. “In great apes, there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals, but this is far less clear in their natural communication. ”8. Chimps slap the objects to____________.A. tell others to stop what they are doingB. ask others chimps to join themC. gather other chimps to move closerD. encourage interactions to start9. What did researchers find after studying 471 video clips?A. Chimps trained in language are good at understanding signals.B. Two social groups of chimps live at a shelter near Kinshasa.C. Language-trained individuals do well in natural communication.D. Chimps’earliest gestures appear around 10 months of age.10. How is the last paragraph developed?A. By analyzing causes.B. By examining differences.C By making comparisons. D. By following time order.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A A New Research on Chimps B. Human Children and ChimpsC. Getting the Chimps Trained for LanguageD. Translating the Sign Language of ChimpsDAs we all know, there are plenty of different parks to visit in theUK. All theme parks inBritainhave cafes, restaurants, picnic areas and gift shops, so you'll still have plenty to see and do when you and the kids have been on enough rides. There are usually smaller “funfair“ rides and games as well, so younger children won't get bored. Several theme parks also have other attractions next to them, e. g. water parks often open all year round, unlike the theme parks.Whenever you are inBritain, there's likely to be a theme park within one or two hours,drive, bus ride or train journey. Several theme parks even have accommodation(膳宿)so you can stay for a day or two if you want to make a trip into a short holiday.Prices forUKtheme parks vary considerably; some have an entrance price which allows you to go on all the rides, while in others you have to pay for every ride individually. It can also make a difference whether you go during peak time or not. For example, tickets always cost more during school holidays and weekends than they do during the weekdays.Theme parks always get very busy during the summer months, so if you don't like crowds ifs usually a good idea to go earlier or later in the year!If you're thinking of visiting aUKtheme park, it's worth having a look for special offers on tickets. Products such as chocolate bars and cereals sometimes have " buy one get one free" offers on theme park tickets, so keep a look out in shops and supermarkets.12. This passage mainly talks about all the following EXCEPT.______.A. things to doB. prices for theme parksC. rules to obeyD. special offers13. If you go to the theme park during the weekdays, you'll probably.______.A. have to spend moreB. save some moneyC. win a big prizeD. get something free14. According to the passage, what should you do if you are tired of crowds in the theme park?A. Avoid the busiest months.B. Go earlier or later in the daytime.C. Choose one with few visitors.D. Go there when no one is in it.15. The best title for the text would be ______.A. What to Do in the Theme ParkB. Theme Parks in theUKC. Visiting the Theme ParkD. Introduction to Famous Theme Parks第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海兰生复旦初三化学上册期中试卷(带解析)

上海兰生复旦化学上册期中试卷(带解析)一、选择题（培优题较难）1．质量相等的两份固体，然后分别放在酒精灯上均匀受热，放出氧气的质量(m)随反应时间(t)变化的函数图像(如图，a为纯净的氯酸钾，b为加入了高锰酸钾的氯酸钾)，正确的是( )A．B．C．D．2．如图所示，甲是溴(Br)的原子结构示意图,乙摘自元素周期表。

下列说法正确的是A．甲元素属于金属元素B．甲、乙两种元素形成化合物的化学式是NaBrC．乙原子的核内中子数为11D．甲原子核外共有5个电子层3．下列加热高锰酸钾制取氧气的部分操作示意图中，正确的是A．检查装置气密性B．加热立即收集C．收满后移出集气瓶 D．结束时停止加热4．下列关于四种粒子结构示意图的说法正确的是A．①③属于不同种元素B．④属于离子，离子符号为Mg2-C．②③的化学性质相似D．①④均达到相对稳定的结构5．我国古代典籍中有”银针验毒”的记载，“银针验毒”的反应原理之一是4Ag+2H2S +O2=2X+2H2O。

下列有关该反应的说法不正确的是A．反应属于氧化反应B．X的化学式是Ag2SC．反应前后元素的种类不变D．反应前后所有元素的化合价都发生了变化6．电解水实验装置如图所示，下列说法正确的是A．电解前后元素种类不变B．实验说明水由H2和O2组成C．反应的化学方程式为2H2O=2H2↑+O2↑D．a管收集的气体能使燃着的木条燃烧更旺7．如图是四种粒子的结构示意图，下列有关说法正确的是（）A．④表示的粒子属于金属元素B．①表示的粒子在化学反应中易失电子C．①②③④表示四种不同元素D．②④所表示的粒子化学性质相似8．已知A+3B=2C+3D中，已知2.3gA跟4.8gB恰好完全反应生成4.4gC。

又知D的相对分子质量为18，则A的相对分子质量为A．23 B．46 C．92 D．969．元素周期表是学习和研究化学的重要工具，如图是元素周期表的一部分，其中X、Y、Z 代表三种不同的元素。

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBChina's Mars probe Tianwen-1 successfully landed on the surface of the red planet on May 15, 2021, leaving a Chinese footprint on Mars for the first time and in its first attempt, becoming the only other nation besides theUSto get such an achievement. The Tianwen-1 probe touched down at its pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Utopia Planitia, a wide plain on Mars, at 7:18 a.m.(Beijing Time), after three months scanning the whole planet on Mars docking orbit, the China National Space Administration(CNSA) announced.Tianwen-1, including an orbiter, a lander and a rover, was launched from the 'Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on the coast of southernChinas islandprovinceofHainanon July 23, 2020. It was the first step inChina's planetary exploration of the solar system, with the aim of completing orbiting, landing and roving on the red planet in one mission. According to the administration, the country's first Martian probe will conduct scientific investigations about the Martian soil, environment, atmosphere as well as water.China's planetary exploration program has been named “Tianwen”, which was named after a long poem by the famous ancient poet Qu Yuan. The name represents the Chinese nation's willpower in pursuing truth, the country's cultural inheritance of its understanding of nature and universe, as well as the unending exploration in science and technology.China's first Mars rover has been named “Zhurong”, which means the god of fire in an ancient Chinese story. The name indicates Chinese people's blessing for the rover to light the flame ofChina's planetary exploration. The rover has six wheels and four solar panels, and carries 13 scientific instruments. According to the CNSA, Zhurong has started its scientific exploration after moving from the landing platform onto the Red Planet's surface on May 22.More than 40 Mars missions have been launched since the 1960s, but only about half have succeeded. It isthe first time in the world that orbiting, landing and roving on Mars has been completed in one launch mission, andChinahas come to the forefront of Mars exploration in the world.4. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A. China is the only nation to launch a probe to Mars.B. Tianwen-1 landed in the northern part of the planet.C. Tianwen-1 scanned the southern part of the planet.D. The Mars probe will carry out scientific investigations.5. How did the planetary exploration program get its name?A. From a long poem by Qu Yuan.B. From an ancient Chinese story.C. From Chinese nation's willpower.D. From theChinaNational Space Administration.6. Why does the author sayChinahas come to the leading position of Mars exploration?A. The rover carried many scientific instruments.B. China completed three tasks in one attempt.C. The rover successfully moved from the landing platform onto Mars.D. The CNSA is continuously exploring science and technology.7. What is the text mainly about?A. Tianwen-1 completed its mission.B. Tianwen-1 represented the god of fire.C. Tianwen-1 successfully landed on Mars.D. Tianwen-1 was launched from Wenchang.CIvy League schools are considered to be the most prestigious of all colleges in the United States. These schools are primarily located in the Northeastern part of the country. There are eight total colleges that are considered to be Ivy League. These schools are Brown, Harvard, Cornell, Princeton, Dartmouth, Yale, and Columbia universities and the University of Pennsylvania. Of all institutions of higher learning, these elite schools are considered to be the most outstanding and the most sought-after in terms of acceptance and graduation.The term “Ivy League” came about in 1954 when the NCAA athletic conference for Division I was formed. At the time, the elitism of these schools was really due to their prestige in the realm of sports like basketball. Although the term “Ivy League” was not created until the 1950s, many of these schools were in existence as far back as 1636, when John Harvard became the first benefactor of Harvard University.Although this group of elite schools is considered to be part of one big league of the elite, there have been plenty of internal rivalries over the years. The sports that these colleges play were so popular that some teams began playing games in New York City so spectators could come from far away and watch the games. The popularity of both the athletes who played and the college team rivalries brought in a good deal of attention to the schools as well as revenue from ticket sales. There have also been academic rivalries between schools. Mostly, these rivalries are a matter of opinion in terms of which school has the most honor graduates, which schools offer the most prestigious scholarships, and what famous graduates have come from each school.Each Ivy League college has its own unique accomplishments that make it important. All carry a certain reputation with them, and each school has programs that excel primarily in the medical and law fields, making them some of the most sought-after schools in the world. Their admission process is very selective, which helps the schools ensure that they only accept the best and brightest. Many famous people have graduated from Ivy League schools, including recent presidents George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama. This prestige leads many to believe that these colleges are only for the wealthy and elite. Often, companies look for Ivy League graduates as potential employees, usually preferred by law firms, medical facilities, and large corporations. It has long beencovetedto have earned a degree from an Ivy League school. Today, the Ivy League schools are still excellent in both academia and in sports, and they have left a legacy of higher education with an exceptional track record and reputation to go along with them.8. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Ivy League schools were initially famous for their reputation in sports.B. Ivy League schools didn’t come into existence until the 1950s.C. Ivy League schools do not compete with each other within the league.D. Ivy League schools are most popular for their excellence in the medical and law fields.9. Which of the following aspects is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The history of the Ivy LeagueB. The rivalry of the Ivy LeagueC. The accomplishments and cultural impacts of the Ivy LeagueD. The future development of the Ivy League10. Why do many people believe that Ivy League colleges are only for the wealthy and elite?A. Because they are the most sought-after schools in the world.B. Because they have selective admission process to help ensure the quality of their students.C. Because many famous people have graduated from Ivy League schools.D. Because manycompanies look for Ivy League graduates as potential employees.11. What does the underlined word “coveted” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. advocatedB.DesiredC. restrictedD. sponsoredDSam, I say to myself as I start across the bridge, you must stop these thoughts and start thinking about what to do now that you have lost your falcon, Frightful.Life, my friend Ban do once said, is meeting problems and solving them whether you are an amoeba or a space traveller. I have a problem. I have to provide my younger sister Alice and myself with meat. Fish, nuts, and vegetables are good and necessary, but they don't provide enough fuel for the hard physical work we do. Although we have venison now, I can't always count on getting it. So far this year, our venison has been only road kill from in front of Mrs Strawberry's farm.I decide to take the longest way home, down the flood plain of the West Branch of Delaware to Spillkill, my own name for a fast stream that cascades down the south face of the mountain range I'm on. I need time to think. Perhaps Alice and I should be like the early Eskimos. We should walk, camp and hunt, and when the seasons change, walk on to new food sources. But I love my tree and my mountaintop.Another solution would be to become farmers, like the people of the Iroquois Confederacy who once lived here. They settled in villages and planted corm and squash, bush beans and berries. We already grow groundnuts in the damp soil and squash in the poor land. But the Iroquois also hunted game. I can't do that anymore.I'm back where I started from.Slowly I climb the Spillkill. As I hop from rock to rock beneath shady basswoods and hemlocks, I hear the cry of the red-tailed hawk who nests on the mountain crest. I am reminded of Frightful and my heart aches. I can almost hear her call my name, Cree, Cree, Cree, Car-ree.Maybe I can get her back if I beg the man who is in charge of the peregrines at the university. “But it's the law,” he would say. I could write to the president of the United States and ask him to make an exception of Alice and me. That won't work. The president swore to uphold the Constitution and laws of the United States when he took office.I climb on. I must stop thinking about the impossible and solve the problem of what to do now. I must find a new way to provide for us. Frightful is going to be in good hands at the university, and she will have young.I smile at the thought of little Frightfuls and lift my reluctant feet.When I am far above the river, I take off my clothes and moccasins and bathe in a deep, clear pool until I am refreshed and thinking more clearly. Climbing up the bank, I dress and sit down. I breathe deeply of the mountain air and try to solve my problem more realistically.12. What does this excerpt main describe?A. Delicate mental activities.B. Unique story environment.C. Everchanging story events.D. Complicated character relationship.13. What is Sam's first worry?A. How to get back quicklyB. How to get enough venison.C. How to ensure the safety of Frightful.D. How to provide meat for Alice and himself.14. What do we know about Frightful?A. He left Sam and Alice due to lack of food.B. He helped Sam hunt before being taken away.C. He is living with the red-tailed hawk happily.D. He has given birth to babies in the university.15. Which of the following can best describe Sam?A. Humorous.B. Aggressive.C. Responsible.D. Unrealistic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

详细解析：兰生复旦中学学年度第一学期期中测试

兰生复旦中学2017学年度初一第一学期期中考试分数：100+20 时间：90分钟Part One listening 30%(略)Part Two phonetics, grammar and vocabulary 35%II. Complete the sentences with the given verbs in their proper forms. (用动词的适当形式填空，每空格可填多词，共6分)>1. Not only my parents but I __________ where to go for a trip during the spring festival these days. (plan)2. In the past few years, earthquakes __________ thousands of buildings in this area. ( destroy)3. Every time fire happens, the ambulances and firemen are always the first _______ to the scene. ( rush)4. Toms mother was so happy to see him ___________ his own bedroom when she came back from work. ( tidy)5. He had a serious accident because he ___________ carelessly on his way home. (drive)…6. The customer-service manager told me that my parcel ________ for a second time the next day. (deliver)参考答案：1.am planningnot only...but (also)的谓语动词遵循就近原则，either...or,neither...nor也是。

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABored with your life? Dreaming of something different? I always wonder what life would be like400 kmabove my head. That's where the International Space Station orbits the earth, with six astronauts living and working on board, for months at a time.How do they sleep? They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle (小隔间) on the ceiling. American astronaut Sunita Williams explains, “It's like a little phone booth, but it's pretty comfortable and it doesn't matter if I turn overand sleep upside down. I don't have any sensation (感觉) in my head that tells me I'm upside down.”Brushing your teeth in a place where you can't have a tap or a sink can be a challenge. Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity? Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to put a big blob of water from a sealed bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpaste which he has to swallow when he's done.Daily exercise is essential. The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength — so astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day.The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians for scientists back on earth. So they spend their time maintaining their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a confined space about the size of a Boeing 747. Almost every task is carefully planned by mission control — although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro, duct tape (强力胶带) or clips (夹子)．One of their most valued perks (额外待遇) is the view from “the office”, dominated by that gigantic blue ball down there, sitting in the darkness of space. Wow! Absolutely breathtaking!1. When they sleep upside down, the astronauts willnot get dizzy because ________.A. they don't feel itB. they sleep in the daytimeC. they sleep in special sleeping bagsD. they are trained to adapt to the conditions of weightlessness2. What parts become weak if astronauts don't exercise?A. Their teeth and bones.B. Their brains and bones.C. Their bones and muscles.D. Their teeth and muscles.3. What is the passage mainly about?A. The Problems We Met in Space.B. Living and Working in Space.C. How to Become an Astronaut.D. The International Space Station.BThe market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world are actively promoting their wilderness regions-such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands— to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these areas is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment. But that does not mean that there is no cost.Once a location is established as a main tourist destination, the effects on the local community are profound. Hill-farmers can make more money from foreign travellers than working in their fields. It is not surprising that many o£ them give up their farm-work. In some hill-regions, this has led to a serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet, because there is lacking labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems. The result has been that many people in these regions have turned to outside supplies of rice and other foods.InArcticand desert societies, year-round survival has traditionally depended on hunting animals and fish and collecting fruit over a ly short season. However, as some inhabitants become involved in tourism, they no longer have time to collect wild food; this has led to increasing dependence on bought food and stores. What should they do if these new sources of income dry up?The physical impact of visitors is another serious problem associated with the growth in adventure tourism. Much attention has focused on erosion along major roads, but perhaps more important are the forest destruction and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. In both mountains and deserts, slow-growing trees are often the main sources of fuel and water supplies may be limited through heavy use.4. Why are some countries promoting the wilderness regions to tourists?A. The wildness regions are accessible to tourists.B. The landscapes there are beautiful and unique.C. Developing tourism there doesn't need much investment.D. Lots of high-spending tourists prefer such remote regions.5. What is the effect of tourism on the local community?A. Many hill farmers have turned to outside supplies of foods.B. There is enough labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems.C. Farm output there has increased and local diet has changed.D. The local people's new sources of income will dry up soon.6. Which might be the best title of the passage?A. The future of wilderness tourism.B. The impacts of wilderness tourism.C. The destruction of wilderness tourism.D. The disadvantages of wilderness tourism.7. If there is one more paragraph following the last paragraph, what will it talk about?A. The effects on local people.B. The solutions tothese problems.C. The choices of adventure tourists.D. The reasons for visiting remote areas.CFor 30 years we have been told how temperatures have been rising rapidly to unheard of levels. This is causing polar ice to melt, sea-levels to rise and has brought about adangerous increase in extreme weather events. These intense climatic changes would likely present challenges to our society and environment.The causes of climate change are mainly anthropogenic (人为的) in nature. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The increased amount of gases which absorb heat has led to more heat being kept in the atmosphere, causing global warming.The certainty of global warming can be seen through some of the natural phenomena like the effect on crops and extreme weather conditions around the world. The most recent assessment report says that the earth’s average temperature has risen by 0. 74 degrees in the period from 1906 to 2005, and that the average temperature will continue to rise. There have also been more violent downpours, sea levels have risen and the ice at the world’s poles and on its mountains is melting. The rising sea level is flooding the low-lying countries inAsiaand small islands in the Pacific. This may lead to the displacement of millions of people, loss of millions of land and consequently billions of dollars.Troubled by the serious situation, world leaders came together for the 2015 United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference inParis. The climate talks led to 196 countries reaching a landmark agreement that will, for the first time, commit nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions to address global climate change. That was certainly an encouraging step forward for our earth and mankind!As the world leaders continue to commit themselves to monitor our sick planet, we need to continue to take small steps to heal the world. We are left with not much of a choice. If only we could just pack our bags and migrate to Mars!8. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The information of industrial revolution.B. The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.C. The reasons of climate change.D. The result of extreme weather events.9. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. We have made great achievements.B. Some measures are still required to take.C. Mars is suitable for people’s living.D. Some countries will receive urgent aid.10. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Long Live Planet Earth!B.Environment Changes Rapidly!C. What Serious Global Warming!D. How Important the UN Agreement Is!11. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?A. B.C. D.DIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almostanyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate students on steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorkto teach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.12. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.13. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.14. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.15. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海兰生复旦初三化学上册期中试卷(带解析)

上海兰生复旦化学上册期中试卷(带解析)一、选择题（培优题较难）1．下列关于燃烧现象的解释或分析正确的是（）A．图a中将煤球变成蜂窝煤后再燃烧，其目的是延长煤燃烧的时间B．图b中火柴头斜向下时更容易燃烧，是因为降低了火柴梗的着火点C．图c中蜡烛火焰很快熄灭，是因为金属丝阻碍空气的流动D．由图d中的现象可知，金属镁燃烧的火灾不能用二氧化碳灭火2．碳12是指含6个中子的碳原子。

下列对氧16和氧18两种氧原子的说法正确的是A．质子数相同B．质量相同C．电子数不相同D．16和18表示原子个数3．某工地发生多人食物中毒，经化验为误食工业用盐亚硝酸钠（NaNO2）所致。

NaNO2中氮元素的化合价是（）A．＋4B．＋3C．＋2D．＋54．下列关于四种粒子结构示意图的说法正确的是A．①③属于不同种元素B．④属于离子，离子符号为Mg2-C．②③的化学性质相似D．①④均达到相对稳定的结构5．对于下列几种化学符号，有关说法正确的是①H ②Fe2+③Cu ④P2O5⑤Fe3+⑥NaClA．能表示一个分子的是①④⑥B．表示物质组成的化学式是③④⑥C．②⑤的质子数相同，化学性质也相同D．④中的数字“5”表示五氧化二磷中有5个氧原子6．在进行“氧气的实验室制取与性质”实验时，某同学制得的氧气不纯。

你认为可能的原因是( )A．用排水法收集O2时，集气瓶装满水B．用向上排空气法收集O2时，导管伸入到集气瓶的底部C．用排水法收集O2时，导管口冒出气泡，立即收集D．用排水法收集O2，收集满后，在水下盖上玻璃片7．比较、推理是化学学习常用的方法，以下是根据一些实验事实推理出的影响化学反应的因素，其中推理不合理的是序号实验事实影响化学反应的因素A铁丝在空气中很难燃烧，而在氧气中能剧烈燃烧反应物浓度B碳在常温下不与氧气发生反应，而在点燃时能与氧气反应反应温度C双氧水在常温下缓慢分解，而在加入二氧化锰后迅速分解有、无催化剂D铜片在空气中很难燃烧，铜粉在空气中较易燃烧反应物的种类A．A B．B C．C D．D8．如图表示治理汽车尾气所涉及反应的微观过程。

2021年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2021年上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhile Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer'sLos Angelesapartment, the monitor inPhoenixtracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？Or was she slowing down？In the battle against cheating, this is thecutting edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. This technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid — that students haven't searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses". Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A. To correct her typing mistakes.B. To find her secrets in the room.C. To keep her from dishonest deeds.D. To prevent her from slowing down.2. What does the underlined expression "cutting edge" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. sharpening toolB. advanced techniqueC. effective ruleD. dividing line3. How can some programs find out possiblecheaters?A. By scanning the Internet test questions.B. By checking the question answering speed.C. By producing a large number of questions.D. By giving difficult test questions.BAbout a month after I joined Facebook, I got a call from Lori Goler, a highly regarded senior director of marketing at eBay. She made it clear this was a business call. “I want to apply to work with you at Facebook,” she said. “Instead of recommending myself, I want to ask you: What is your biggest problem, and how can I solve it?”My jaw hit the floor. I had hired thousands of people over the previous decade and no one had ever said anything remotely like that. People usually focus on finding the right role for themselves, with the implication that their skills will help the company. Lori put Facebook’s needs front and center. It was a killer approach. I responded, “Recruiting is my biggest problem. And, yes, you can solve it.”Lori never dreamed she would work in recruiting, but she jumped in. She even agreed to trade earnings for acquiring new skills in a new field. Lori did a great job running recruiting and within months was promoted to her current job, leading People@Facebook.The most common metaphor for careers is a ladder, but this concept no longer applies to most workers. As of 2010, the average American had eleven jobs from the ages of eighteen to forty-six alone. Lori often quotes Pattie Sellers, who came up with a much better metaphor: “Careers are a jungle gym, not a ladder.”As Lori describes it, there’s only one way to get to the top of a ladder, but there are many ways to get to the top of a jungle gym. The jungle gym model benefits everyone, but especially women who might be starting careers, switching careers, getting blocked by external barriers, or reentering the workforce after taking time off. The ability to create a unique path with occasional dips, detours (弯路), and even dead ends presents great views of many people, not just those at the top. On a ladder, most climbers are stuck staring at the butt of the person above.4. Why did Lori make the call?A. She helped Facebook to solve the biggest problem.B. She wanted to make a business deal with Facebook.C. She tried to ask for a pay rise in Facebook.D. She wanted to become an employee in Facebook.5. What impressed “I” by Lori?A. Lori was good at running recruiting.B. Lori attached great importance to Facebook’s needs.C. Lori jumped in Facebook with no adequate experience.D. Lori was skilled in marketing at eBay.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Now all people don’t tend to climb the ladder.B. None on the ladder can enjoy the great views.C. Jungle gyms offer limited exploration for employees.D. A pregnant woman, jobless, benefits little from the jungle gyms.7. What is the best title of the passage?A. It’s a Jungle Gym, Not a Ladder.B. Facebook’s Biggest Problem.C. Applying for a Job in Facebook.D. A Jungle Gym is Better than a Ladder.CStarting at university or college can be a big challenge, especially if you’re living away from home for the first time. You arefaced with big questions such as, “Who’s going to do my washing?” “Who’s going to tidy my room?” And, most importantly, “How am I going to eat?” Yes, living on your own means cooking for yourself, and when you’re living a student lifestyle, this could be a recipe for disaster.Students, in the UK at least, often rely on generally available food such as baked beans or cheese on toast. And for the more adventurous, there’s “spag bol” — spaghetti bolognaise(肉酱意粉), that is, cooked spaghetti served with a ground beef and tomato sauce — a budget-friendly solution. If you make a huge pan of it, it can probably last you a whole week! Other low-cost options include jar sauces and oven pizzas.Recently, a British supermarket suggested that rose harissa paste, organic cider vinegar and Swiss bouillon powder were the important food materials needed for the “student cupboard”. But are these items consideredessential and affordable for someone on a budget?As a matter of fact, living on a budget is certainly one barrier to eating a well-balanced diet. What’s more, some young people don’t know much about cooking, and for many young students, there are more fun things to go and do than just stay inside and cook. That’s where takeaways and microwave meals come in.What should a health-conscious student really have in his or her food cupboard? Jack Monroe, a food writer and campaigner, has words to say: baked beans, lemon juice, canned tomatoes and tomato ketchup, described as “salt, sugar, vinegar and tomato all in one handy squeezy bottle”. And should that not appeal, you can always wait till your next visit to your mum and dad for a square meal!8. What does the author indicate by “this could be a recipe for disaster”?A. Cooking is difficult for a student.B. Students must cook if they live alone.C. It is important to live independently.D. Learning to cook will cause disasters.9. What is the feature of “spag bol”?A. It is delicious.B. It is healthy.C. It saves money.D. It needs little skill.10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How well-balanced diets can be realized.B. How students can eat healthily with limited money.C. Why living on a budget is common among students.D Why students choose takeaways and microwave meals.11. Why does the author write the last paragraph?A. To advocate visiting parents.B. To offer some tips.C. To promote health consciousness.D. To introduce a writer.DWater keeps us alive. When it runs out, we have a problem.About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water. Seventeen countries around the world are dealing with high-water stress. This means they are using almost all the water they have access to. Many are dry countries. Some waste much of their water. Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving. Several big cities face acute shortages. These include Sao Paulo, Brazil; Chennai, India; and Cape Town, South Africa. A year ago, Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages. Rainfall is less steady. The water supply becomes lessreliable. The days grow hotter. More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases. By 2030, the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.All over the world, farmers compete with city residents for water. Rich urban places, such as Los Angeles, use too much water for pools and golf courses. But the worst problem is the growth of cities. Bangalore, India, for example, had a few years with little rain. It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste. The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were. Bangalore now imports water. A lot of the imported water, however, gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue, what can be done? First, cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system. Wastewater can be recycled. Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times. Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored. And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet. They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities. They are looking for ways to encourage people, factories and farmers to use less water.12. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. A quarter of the world's population is living with water shortages.B. Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.C. Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D. Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.13. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. Rainfall is not as steady as before.B. Climate change may lead to water shortages.C. The water supply relies more on rainfall.D. Hotter weather changes the water demand.14. What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?A. Plug leaks in the water distribution system.B. Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C. Reduce the number of people in the cities.D. Grow less-water consumption crops instead.15. What will be discussed if the passage continues?A. How to prevent from climate change.B. How to inspire people to save water.C. How to recycle wastewater in citiesD. How to make people get access to clean water.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AJuanito Estrella has been a housekeeping manager on the US-based large passenger ship Carnival Spirit for 18 months and feels he has found the suitable position in his career(职业). He has always wanted to travel. “I guess I am a really restless spirit.I like traveling, so when the chance came, I jumped at it,” he says.The chance came in the form of a newspaper advertisement for work on cruise ships（游船）. At the time Estrella was the housekeeping manager at a Melbourne hotel. He applied and, after two interviews, a medical check and police clearance, the job was his.Estrella is responsible(负责的)for the cleanliness of the ship, making sure that 160 crew work properly. “I enjoy it because there is no other work-you wake up each day in a different place anda different culture. It’s exciting when you go to the next country and you don’t understand the language,” he says.Estrella likes being busy and getting to know people from all over the world. The 1,000 crew come from 94 countries, and Estrella has learnt Spanish and a little Croatian.But there is adownside. “You cannot get really drunk...because you have safety responsibilities to yourself and others,” he says. “You don’t really think about home.You start to think about home only when you get closer to your vacation and wonder what you’ll be doing.”Life on the ship is anything but cruising. Estrella and his fellows work at least 10 hours a day, seven days a week. He warns the job is not for everybody. “You have to love being busy and be prepared to work every day-and to give up drinking too much alcohol.” In his spare time, if the ship sails into a port, Estrella explores it, otherwise he works out in the crew’s gym, goes on the internet or calls home.1.Which of the following is true?A.He has been a housekeeping manager for 18 months.B.He doesn’t drink wine now.C.He cannot speak a foreign language.D.He used to be a housekeeping manager.2.The underlined word“downside”in paragraph 5 probably means ________ .A.disappointmentB.disadvantageC.failureD.loss3.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that life on the ship is ________.A.not a tiring journey at allB.just an interesting voyageC.far from a voyage for pleasureD.more than a pleasant travel by seaBWhen Jennifer Doudna was in sixth grade, she came home one day to find that her dad had lefta book titled The Double Helix on her bed. She put it aside, thinking it was one of those detective tales she loved.On a rainy Saturday, she picked up the book. As she sped through the pages, she became fascinated by the drama, which encouraged her to explore nature's wonders. Even though her high school teacher told her that girls didn't become scientists, she decided she would.She worked with a biologist, Charpentier, to turn a curiosity of nature into an invention—an easy-to-use tool that can edit DNA. Known as Crispr, the tool will transform the human race. James Watson, the author of The Double Helix, later told her it was the most important biological advance: since he and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA.For this achievement, Doudna and Charpentier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020. Until now, only five women, beginning with Marie Curie in 1911, had won or shared the Nobel for Chemistry out of 184 award winners. When this year's prize was announced, Dr. Charpentier said it would provide a message specifically to young girls who would like to follow the path of science and to show them that women can also be awarded prizes.A few decades from now, if it becomes possible and sate to edit DNA, should we allow parents to improve the IQ and physical strength of their kids? Should we let them decide eye color1 ? Skin color1 ? Height? After helping to discover Crispr, Dr. Doudna has become a leader in considering these moral issues. That's the main message we should take from this Nobel: New technologies can be a huge benefit to the human race, but in order to make sure they are used wisely, it's important for people to understand them.4. Jennifer Doudna decided to become a scientist because,__________A. her father pushed herB. a book inspired herC. her teacher encouraged herD. James Watson motivated her5. Dr. Doudna was awarded the Nobel Prize because,__________.A. she wrote the book “The Double Helix"B. she discovered the structure of DNAC. she is a hardworking woman scientistD. she helped invent a tool for editing DNA6. According to passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. The two women's success will inspire more girls to be devoted to science.B. Since 1911, there have been 184 people who won the Nobel for chemistry.C. If girls follow the path of science, they will surely achieve their goals.D. Crispr will make a big difference to the human race.7. Which words can best describe Jennifer Doudna?A. Determined and responsible.B. Ambitious and humorous.C. Cruel and indifferent.D. Fearless and stubborn.CIt was once considered an important status symbol ---but having a home phone is increasingly seen asa white elephant. New figures show that one in five households no longer bother with a landline（固定电话），and almost a third of those that do never actually use it.The vast majority of people who still have a home phone ——72 percent ——say they only have it because it is part of their broadband package.But that's not the only reason to desert the home phone - 20 percent of those surveyed said that they were fed up with the number of cold calls and would-be scammers（诈骗者）.Digital media expert Dr. Elinor Carmi said there was a generational and social divide in phone use. She explained："If you,re young and have the mobility to go outside, you would rely on a mobile phone. But if you are older, disabled and perhaps poorer, our research shows you're more likely to use a landline. If you are richer, you will have access to more smart devices --- a smart TV, smartphone or laptop. But the poorer you are --- or if you are older, your use of these devices is more limited.”Last year, research from regulator Ofcom found that the amount of time spent on landline calls annually in theUKhad halved over just six years, to 54 billion minutes. The new study also showed that more than a quarter of households have decided to find a broadband provider that does not charge for their unused landline, but only six percent have done so.8. The underlined part “ a white elephant" in Paragraph 1 probably refers to something that isA. costly but effectiveB. useful and beautifulC. expensive but uselessD. cheap and necessary9. What's the main reason why some people still have a home phone?A. Their broadband package contains it.B. Their family can only afford to use it.C. They are used to using a home phone.D. They consider it an important status symbol.10. Which of the following is more likely to use a landline?A. A young adventurer.B. An old poor gardener.C. An outdoor photographer.D. A famous indoor designer.11. What's the best title of the text?A. End of the landline?B. Fed up with cold calls?C. The history of phonesD. Different choices of phonesDIdentifying the chemical makeup of pigment (色素) used in ancient documents, paintings, and watercolor1 s is criticalto restoring and conserving the precious artworks. However, despite numerous efforts, scientists had been unable to determine the source of folium, a popular blue dye used to color1 manuscripts (手稿) in Europe during the middle ages — from the 5th to the 15th century. Now, a team of researchers fromPortugalhas finally uncovered the mysterious ingredient responsible for the gorgeous blueish-purple color1 that helped bring ancient illustrations and texts to life.The research team began byporing overinstructions penned by European dye makers from the 12th, 14th, and 15th centuries. They found what they were seeking in a 15th-century text entitledThe Book on How to Make All the Color Paints for Illuminating Books. However, translating the instructions was no easy task. It was written in the now extinct Judaeo-Portuguese language, and though the source of the dye was traced back to a plant, no name was mentioned.However, by piecing together suggestions from the text, the scientists were able to determine that the dye was made from the bluish-green berries of the chrozophora tinctoria plant. After an extensive search, the team found a few varieties of the plant growing along the roadside near the town ofMonsarazin southPortugal.The detailed instructions gave the researchers critical clues — including the best time to pick the berries. “You need to squeeze the fruits, being careful not to break the seeds, and then to put them on linen (亚麻).” The scientist says the detail was important since broken seeds polluted the pigment, producing an inferior quality ink.The dyed linen, which was left to dry, was an efficient way to store and transport the pigment during ancient times. When needed, the artist would simply cut off a piece of the cloth and dip it with water to squeeze out the blue color1 .Once the key ingredient had been identified, the researchers began to determine the dye’s molecular structure. To their surprise, they found that folium was not like any other known permanent blue dyes — it was an entirely new class of color1 , one they named chrozophoridin. “Chrozophoridin was used in ancient times to make a beautiful blue dye for painting.” the team wrote in the study. “Thus, we believe that this will not be our final word on this amazing plant and its story and that further discoveries will follow soon.”12. The primary purpose of the study is to ________.A. restore and conserve ancient precious artworksB. determine the substance making up the foliumC. prove the ancient dye-making technique was organicD. identify which class of color1 folium belongs to13. The underlined phrase “poring over”in the second paragraph means ________.A. discussing publiclyB. testing repeatedlyC. passing directlyD. reading carefully14. What can be learned about the blue dye folium?A. It was essentially an inferior type of ink.B. It was the only kind made from wild berries.C. It could be carried and used easily.D. It was carefully squeezed from broken seeds.15. The article is mainly about _________.A. how the mystery ofa thousand-year-old blue dye was solvedB. why the researchers took the trouble to recreate the dyeC. what needs to be done to make an organic dye from a plantD. when and where the discovery of the dye was made第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023年上海市民办兰生复旦中学七年级上学期期中考试数学试题

第一学期七年级期中考试数学试卷一、填空题（每空2分，共32分）1、在代数式2132x x -，22x y π，1x ，-6，a ，0中，单项式有_____个。

2、商店经营一种产品，定价为20元/件，每天能售出80件，而每降价x 元，则每天可多售（x+2）件，则降价x 元后，每天旳销售总收入是_______________.3、用语言论述代数式（m-n ）·（-m ）为____________.4、多项式244321(37)77x y xy x -----旳最高次项是________，二次项系数是_______. 5、已知代数式3312n a b +与223m a b --是同类项，则2m+3n=___________.6、当x=12，y=13时，代数式22469x xy y -+旳值是____________. 7、假如2,5m n x x ==，那么32m n x +____________.8、将多项式3+243243625x y xy x y x y ---，按字母y 升幂排列__________.9、多项式旳积43232(3286)(2564)x x x x x x x -+-++--中3x 项旳系数是______.10、当x+y=10，x+3y=37时，代数式2241612x xy y ++旳值是_______.11、因式分解：229162169a ab b -+=________________. 12、因式分解：2(2)(2)1224y x y x y +++--=__________________.13、数学课上老师出了一道因式分解旳思索题，题意是2224x mx ++能在有理数旳范围内因式分解，则整数m 旳值有几种。

小军和小华为此争论不休，请你判断整数m 旳值有___________个。

14、数字不一样旳两位数，将其数字互换后，得到一种新旳两位数，这两个两位数旳平方差是完全平方数，则这个两位数是___________.15、对于任意两个实数对（a,b ）和（c,d ），规定：当且仅当a=c 且b=d 时，（a,b ）=（c,d ），定义运算“⊕”：（a,b ）⊕（c,d ）=（ac-bd,ad+bc ），若（2,3）⊕（p ，q ）=（4,32），则p 和q 旳值是___________.二、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1、下列多项式中能用平方差公式因式分解旳是（）A 、22()a b +-B 、225100m mn -C 、22x y --D 、29x -+2、下列计算对旳旳有（）个（1）235x x x += （2）963()()x x x -÷-= （3）1331()m m y y ++=（4）()n n x x -=- （5）232(1)x x x x x x --+=--- （6）23526()39x x -= A 、0 B 、1 C 、2 D 、33、在代数式2xy 中，x 与y 旳值各减少了14，则该代数式旳值减少了（） A 、12 B 、34 C 、3764 D 、2764 4、将一多项式[(17234x x -+）-（a 2x +bx+c)]除以（5x+6）后，得商式为（2x+1)，余式为0。

上海兰生复旦化学上册期中试卷(带解析)

上海兰生复旦化学上册期中试卷(带解析)一、选择题（培优题较难）1．实验室用如图所示装置制取氧气，下列实验操作正确的是A．加热前，将集气瓶注满水，用玻璃片盖着倒立在盛水的水槽中B．先将导管口移入集气瓶，再开始加热C．收集O2后，将集气瓶移出水槽，然后盖上玻璃片D．停止加热时，先熄灭酒精灯，再移出导气管2．在一密闭的容器中，一定质量的碳粉与过量的氧气在点燃的条件下充分反应,容器内各相关量与时间(从反应开始计时)的对应关系正确的是( )A．B．C．D．3．下列加热高锰酸钾制取氧气的部分操作示意图中，正确的是A．检查装置气密性B．加热立即收集C．收满后移出集气瓶 D．结束时停止加热4．鉴别二氧化碳、氧气、空气三种气体，可选用的最佳方法是( )A．将气体分别通入水中B．将燃着的木条分别伸入气体中C．将带火星的木条分别伸入气体中D．将气体分别通入澄清石灰水中5．下列图示中的“错误实验操作”与图下面对应的“可能产生的后果”不一致的是（）A．液体喷出B．污染试剂C．酒精溅出D．读数偏大6．“” “”表示两种不同元素的原子，下图表示化合物的是A．B．C．D．7．下列事实不能作为相应观点的证据的是( )A．尘土飞扬，说明分子是运动的B．电解水得到氢气和氧气，说明分子是可分的C．气体被压缩后体积发生了较大变化，说明气体分子间距较大D．将两个干净平整的铅柱紧压在一起会结合起来，说明分子间存在引力8．在一个密闭容器中放入甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质，在一定条件下充分反应，测得反应前后各物质的质量如下表所示。

下列说法正确的是（）物质甲乙丙丁反应前质量/g100.3 4.8 2.8反应后质量/g 3.2待测8 6.4A．待测值为0.6B．此反应可表示为：丙+丁→甲C．反应中甲和丁变化的质量比为1：2D．甲一定是化合物9．下列古代文明或工艺一定包含化学变化的是A．在甲骨上刻文字B．指南针指引航海C．用泥土烧制陶瓷D．用石块修筑长城10．下图是某粒子的结构示意图，关于该粒子的说法正确的是A．质子数为10B．是一种阳离子C．属于金属元素D．已形成相对稳定的结构11．对以下四种粒子的结构示意图，分析错误的是A．①②属于同一种元素B．①④的化学性质相似C．①得到电子可形成③D．②③表示不同种离子12．集气瓶中装满某气体，可能是下列气体中的一种：①二氧化碳②氧气③空气④氮气将燃着的木条伸入瓶中，火焰立即熄灭，则该瓶气体可能是（）A．①或②B．②或③C．①或④D．③或④13．下列有关碳和碳的化合物说法错误的是（）A．金刚石、石墨、C60都是碳元素组成的单质B．在加热或高温的条件下，CO能与许多金属氧化物反应C．二氧化碳能使紫色石蕊溶液变红，说明二氧化碳具有酸性D．水墨画可长久保存不变色是因为在常温下碳的化学性质不活泼14．下列实验操作正确的是( )A．取少量固体B．塞紧橡皮塞C．称量固体D．点燃酒精灯15．化学实验是化学学习的重要方法。

上海民办兰生复旦中学初三化学上册期中化学试题(word版,含解析)

上海民办兰生复旦中学上册期中化学试题（word版,含解析）一、选择题（培优题较难）1．运用推理、归纳、类比、对比的方法得出下列结论，其中合理的是（）A．因为化学变化都遵循质量守恒定律，所以质量不发生改变的变化一定是化学变化B．水和过氧化氢的组成元素相同，则两者的化学性质相同C．Na+、Mg2+、Cl-的最外层电子数均为8，由此得出离子的最外层电子数均为8D．过氧化氢溶液加催化剂的反应速率快，说明催化剂可以改变反应速率2．四种物质在一定的条件下充分混合反应，测得反应前后各物质的质量分数如图所示．则有关说法中不正确的（）A．丁一定是化合物B．乙可能是这个反应的催化剂C．生成的甲、丙两物质的质量比为8: 1D．参加反应的丁的质量一定等于生成甲和丙的质量之和3．锌是促进人体生长发育的必须微量元素。

下图为锌元素在元素周期表中的相关信息及原子结构示意图。

下列说法正确的是（）A．锌属于非金属元素B．锌原子的中子数为30C．锌的相对原子质量为65.38g D．锌原子在化学反应中易失去电子形成Zn2+ 4．如图所示有关二氧化碳的实验中，只与二氧化碳物理性质有关的实验是（）A． B． C． D．5．下列实验操作正确的是A．塞紧橡皮塞B．加热液体C．取用液体D．读出液体的体积6．下列各图中和分别表示不同元素的原子，则其中表示化合物的是( ) A．B．C．D．7．碳12是指含6个中子的碳原子。

下列对氧16和氧18两种氧原子的说法正确的是A．质子数相同B．质量相同C．电子数不相同D．16和18表示原子个数8．以下是四种微粒的结构示意图，下列有关各微粒的说法中，错误的是A．①的化学性质比较稳定B．③④属于同种元素C．④是一种阴离子D．②容易得到电子9．下列古代文明或工艺一定包含化学变化的是A．在甲骨上刻文字B．指南针指引航海C．用泥土烧制陶瓷D．用石块修筑长城10．实验小组用如图装置测定空气中的氧气含量，锥形瓶中空气的体积为100mL，注射器中水的体积为25 mL，装置气密性良好。

2021届兰生复旦中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2021届兰生复旦中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1.孟德尔发现了基因分离定律和自由组合定律，他获得成功原因不包括（）A.实验材料豌豆自花传粉、闭花授粉，自然界是纯种B.先分析一对相对性状的遗传，再分析两对相对性状的遗传C.先研究遗传因子的行为变化，后研究性状分离现象D.运用统计学方法处理数据2.下列对生长素的合成、分布、运输及生理作用的叙述，正确的是（）A.生长素的主要合成部位是芽、叶和成熟的种子B.生长素对植物的根、芽、茎只有促进作用，没有抑制作用C.生长素在从形态学上端向形态学下端的极性运输过程中会消耗能量D.单侧光会刺激胚芽鞘尖端产生生长素，并引起生长素的分布不均匀3.下列选项不能说明神经系统分级调节的是（）A. 指尖采血时，针刺指尖不能引起缩手反射B. 运动员听到枪声时迅速起跑C. 司机看见路人过斑马线时停车等候D. 婴儿膀胱充盈时，引起膀胱排尿4.九价宫颈癌(HPV)疫苗可预防HPV引起的宫颈癌，中国内地首针预防宫颈癌的九价HPV疫苗于2018年5月30日在海南博鳌超级医院接种，该疫苗将分三次接种。

下列相关叙述错误的是A.从免疫学的角度分析，九价HPV疫苗为抗原B.初次接种九价HPV疫苗，会刺激一种B细胞分泌多种抗体C.当机体再次感染HPV时，记忆B细胞的细胞周期会明显缩短D.该疫苗分三次接种的目的是让机体产生更多的抗体和记忆B细胞5.流行性感冒（流感）由流感病毒引起。

HA和NA是流感病毒表面的两种蛋白，甲型流感病毒的HA、NA 氨基酸序列的变异频率非常高，导致每年流行的病毒毒株可能不同。

下列有关叙述不正确的是（）A.流感病毒包膜的磷脂双分子层来自宿主细胞膜B.控制HA和NA的RNA改变会引起氨基酸序列改变C.HA和NA作为抗原能刺激B细胞产生T细胞D.注射流感疫苗将使人体的二次免疫应答水平增强6.下列关于生态系统中的物质循环的说法，错误的是（）A.碳在食物网中以有机物的形式流动B.植物可通过呼吸作用和光合作用参与生态系统的碳循环C.从物质循环的角度看，人体内碳元素的根本来源是大气中的CO2D.生态系统的物质循环发生在种群和无机环境之间7.垂体主要由前叶和后叶两部分组成，其中垂体后叶没有激素合成能力，它所释放的激素由下丘脑产生。

上海市民办兰生复旦中学七年级上学期期中考试数学试题及答案

七年级上学期期中考试试卷一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1．下列各对数中，互为相反数的是：( )A 、()2--和2B 、）（和3)3(+--+ C 、221-和 D 、()55----和 2. 下列式子：0,5,,73,41,222x cabab a x -++中，整式的个数是：( ) A 、6 B 、5 C 、4 D 、33. 一个数的平方和它的倒数相等，则这个数是：( )A 、1B 、1-C 、1±D 、1±和04．下列计算正确的是：( )A 、4812-=--B 、945-=+-C 、1091-=--D 、932=-5. 数轴上点A ，B ，C ，D 对应的有理数都是整数，若点A 对应有理数a ，点B 对应有理数b ，且72=-a b ，则数轴上原点应是：( )CA 、A 点B 、B 点C 、C 点D 、D 点6．若()ba b a 则,032122=-+-＝( )A 、61B 、21- C 、6 D 、817．下列说法正确的是：( )A 、若a a -=，则0<aB 、若0,0<<ab a ，则0>bC 、式子124332+-y x xy 是七次三项式D 、若b a =，m 是有理数，则mbm a = 8．方程731=-y 的解是：( )A 、21-=y B 、21=y C 、2-=y D 、2=y9. 一个多项式加上2233xy y x -得y x x 233-，则这个多项式是：( )A 、233xy x +B 、233xy x -C 、22336xy y x x +-D 、22336xy y x x --二、填空（每小题2分，共20分）11．绝对值不小于1而小于3的整数的和为＿＿＿＿＿＿；12．35-的倒数的绝对值是＿＿＿＿＿＿； 13．若a 、b 互为相反数，c 、d 互为倒数，则=++b cd a 232＿＿＿＿＿＿； 14．用科学记数法表示：2007应记为＿＿＿＿＿＿；15．单项式322yx -的系数是＿＿＿＿＿＿，次数是＿＿＿＿＿＿；16．=+--n m xy y x mn是同类项，则与若213213 ＿＿＿＿＿＿； 17．若3-=x 是方程()524=--+x k x k 的解，则k 的值是＿＿＿＿＿＿； 18．如果35+x 与92+-x 是互为相反数，则2-x 的值是＿＿＿＿＿＿；19．每件a 元的上衣先提价%1020．观察右图并填下表三、计算（每小题4分，共24分） 21．()3032324-⨯⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛--÷- 22．()()13181420----+- 23．()313248522⨯-÷+-+- 24．()⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⨯÷--÷⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-41855.257512525．mn n m mn mn n m 36245222++-+- 26．)32(3)32(2a b b a --- 四、解答题（每小题6分，共18分）27．先化简，再求值：⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+--224231325x xy xy x 。

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三生物上学期期中试卷及参考答案

2020-2021学年上海市兰生复旦中学高三生物上学期期中试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列各项均是有关显微镜操作的表述，其中错误的操作是（）A.标本染色较深，应选用凹面反光镜和大光圈B.将位于视野内左上方的图像移向中央，应向左上方移动装片C.转换高倍物镜之前，需先调节细准焦螺旋升高镜筒，以免镜头碰坏装片D.转换高倍物镜之前，应先将所要观察的图像移到视野的正中央2. 吞噬细胞可以吞噬整个病菌，这一事实说明了A. 细胞膜具有选择透过性B. 细胞膜具有一定的流动性C. 细胞膜具有全透性D. 细胞膜具有支持作用3. 某二倍体植物中，抗病和感病这对相对性状由一对等位基因控制，要确定这对性状的显隐性关系，应该选用的杂交组合是A 抗病株×感病株B. 抗病纯合体×感病纯合体C. 抗病株×抗病株，或感病株×感病株D. 抗病纯合体×抗病纯合体，或感病纯合体×感病纯合体4. 关于蛋白质分子结构和功能的叙述，正确的是（）A. 氨基酸的种类由R基决定，非必需氨基酸需从外界环境中获取B. 氨基酸之间通过脱水缩合形成多肽，脱去水分子中的氢仅来自氨基C. 由氨基酸种类、数量和排列顺序都相同的肽链形成的蛋白质不一定相同D. 蛋白质的功能具有多样性，如催化、运输、储存遗传信息、传递信息等功能5. 研究人员将燕麦胚芽鞘尖端放在琼脂块上并给予单侧光照，处理过程（胚芽鞘不用玻璃片隔开）如图1所示。

一段时间后将A、B琼脂块分别置于切去尖端的胚芽鞘甲、乙的一侧，结果如图2所示。

下列相关叙述正确的是（）A.经图1处理后，A、B琼脂块中都含有能够直接参与细胞代谢的生长素B.图2所示结果的出现是由于图1中单侧光改变了生长素在胚芽鞘尖端的分布C.图2中胚芽鞘甲的弯曲角度小于乙，说明A琼脂块中的生长素抑制了胚芽鞘甲的生长D.若用玻璃片沿图1虛线将胚芽鞘尖端隔开，甲的弯曲角度会大于乙6. 下列关于核酸是遗传物质的证据的叙述，正确的是（）A. 单用32P标记的噬菌体侵染细菌的这组实验的检测结果可证明只有DNA是遗传物质B. 单用S型菌的提取物与R型菌混合培养，出现S型菌可证明DNA是遗传物质C. 单用S型菌的DNA去感染小鼠，小鼠会患病死亡D. 单用烟草花叶病毒的RNA去感染烟草，烟草会出现感染病毒的症状7. 用水解法研究下列物质，水解终产物不都是葡萄糖的是（）（1）淀粉（2）蔗糖（3）乳糖（4）麦芽糖A.（1）（2）B.（2）（3）C.（3）（4）D.（1）（4）8. 成熟的植物细胞之所以能够通过渗透作用吸收水分，是因为①细胞膜是选择透过性膜①细胞质具有一定浓度①原生质层类同于半透膜①细胞液具有一定浓度A.①①B.①①C.①①D.①①9. 加酶洗衣粉通常是在普通洗衣粉中加入0.2%～0.5%的酶制剂制成，其中最常添加的酶制剂为碱性蛋白酶。

2021届上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析

2021届上海市兰生复旦中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?A. To control the amount of seaweed.B. To record the weight cows gained.C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .A. commonB. specialC. lackingD. enough3. The passage is written to ________ .A. appeal to people not to raise the cowsB. encourage people to plant the seaweedC. remind people of controlling cows' weightD. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollutionBJohn Montefiore's path to graduation from theUniversityofTorontowas a little unusual. He recently completed his bachelor's degree(学士学位) which he started in1995.Montefiore left university in 1996 and tried to tell himself that a degree wasn't necessary for personal success. But it remained unfinished businessuntil he made the decision to return in 2018 at the age 42. At that time, his job development stalled, so he made up his mind to go back to school in order to improve himself and work well in future.The second time around, Montefiore never missed a class and always sat in the front row. He found many courses invaluable and he received the Award of Excellence twice. He found support services played an important role in his successful return. He said, “I hadn't written a paper for years, so I found the college writing centre to be of great use. Before I handed in a paper, they would give me feedback, which was really great. The university has so much built in to help students succeed and I'm so thankful for that.” But he also met difficulties this time. As a student much older than others, he found it harder to make friends with classmates.However, no matter what had happened before, he finally got his bachelor's degree. He said, “After all these years, I had thought it wouldn't mean anything, but it means a lot. I totally understand the value of education now. It's not necessarily the value that other people see in it, but the value it gives me as a person, for my confidence and my self-esteem. It also helps me prepare well before I re-enter the workplace.”4. Why was Montefiore's graduation unusual?A. He had achieved personal success before.B. He understood the importance of a degree.C. He finished his degree at a much older age.D. He began his university study at a young age.5. What does the underlined word "stalled" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Stopped.B. Started.C. Survived.D. Succeeded.6. What can we learn about Montefiore from the third paragraph?A. He got good grades very easily.B. He took his study seriously this timeC. He was thankful for his classmates' helpD. He had difficulty using support services.7. What did Montefiore learn from his experience?A. Confidence is important in one's life.B. Others' opinions on education matter a lot.C. Higher education is a must for personal success.D. Education makes one feel better about himself.CHave you ever thrown a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals so it would be hard to throw. But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic ofthe Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”.In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term. But recently, the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people outside of France speak the language. The language has changed over time and is different in places like Ivory Coast in West Africa or Quebec in Cana-da, compared to how it is in ParisA new online dictionary, called the French speakers’ dictionary, includes new French words from around the world. It was released on March 18—just in time for International French Speaker’s Day on March 20.Supporters say the new Internet dictionary is more democratic than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke. The new dictionary includes unofficial words like “pourriel”, which means an unwanted email if you are in Canada. It is a word based on “courriel”, which just means an email.French President Emmanuel Macron proposed the idea of the dictionary in 2018. It now contains about 600.000 terms, Roselyne Bachelot is the French Culture Minister. She said the dictionary is not just for France's 67 million citizens, but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.The aim, supporters say, is to recognize the way language changes. Words and expressions included in thedictionary come from over 50 countries—even from the United States Some people in the southern U. S. state of Louisiana speak French.People can see the dictionary on a website or with an app. Users can also send in new words they think should be included. Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated.8. What do we mean if we say a man “throws a camel” in French?A. He talks big.B. He is very strong.C. He makes a joke.D. He misspells a word.9. What is the purpose of the publication date of the new online dictionary?A. To celebrate an event.B. To honor foreign users.C. To draw more attention.D. To meet an urgent need.10. Where does the word “pourriel” come from?A. French.B. An email.C. A holiday.D. Canada.11. What can people do with the new dictionary?A. Update it regularly.B. Recommend new words to it.C. Change the meaning of its words.D. Regard it as an official dictionary.DGetting drunk on ice cream used to be the stuff of dreams, but thanks to Will Rogers, inventor and owner of WDS Dessert Stations in Hinkley, Illinois, it has become a delicious reality. The Below Zero icecream machine uses a unique technique to freeze alcohol, which allows you to turn beers, cocktails and even spirits (烈酒) into delicious soft —serve ice cream.Rogers was trying to create a highly — caffeinated espresso ice cream flavor when he realized hecould use the same technique with alcoholic beverages. He started experimenting with various gums and stabilizers commonly used in the ice cream industry and eventually patented something called the NEA gel. It’s this magical concoction (调制品) that allows the alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the Below Zero ice cream machine.Even though Below Zero changes the texture (质地) of beer, cocktails and even spirits, essentially turning them into soft —serve ice cream, it does not affect the alcohol contentat all. The ABV (酒精度) remains exactly the same, which means you can get drunk on ice — cream just as you would on the same concoctions in liquid form.Will Rogers claims that it takes around 30 minutes for beer to go from liquid to ice cream form, but higheralcohol content drinks take longer. Essentially, the higher the alcohol level, the longer the wait.The American inventor plans to sell Below Zero ice cream machines to bars and breweries wanting to surprise their patrons. Metro reports that machines will sell for about 6,000.12. What’s the name of the machine which can change beer and spirits into ice cream?A. Will RogersB. WDS Dessert StationsC. HinkleyD. Below Zero13. What makes alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the machine?A. gums.B. stabilizers.C. NEA gel.D. ABV.14. What can we know from the passage?A. The machine can change all liquids into ice cream.B. It takes 20 minutes for beer to change into ice cream.C. The higher the alcohol level, the shorter the wait will be.D. The machine changes the texture of beer, cocktails and even spirits.15. What can we infer from the passage?A. The machine affects the alcohol content.B. You can get drunk if you have ice—creams made from spirits.C. The American inventor doesn’t want to sell themagical machine.D. Bars and breweries will not become potential buyers of the machine.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

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兰生复旦中学2017学年度初一第一学期期中考试分数：100+20 时间：90分钟Part One listening 30%(略)Part Two phonetics, grammar and vocabulary 35%II. Complete the sentences with the given verbs in their proper forms. (用动词的适当形式填空，每空格可填多词，共6分)1. Not only my parents but I __________ where to go for a trip during the spring festival these days. (plan)2. In the past few years, earthquakes __________ thousands of buildings in this area. ( destroy)3. Every time fire happens, the ambulances and firemen are always the first _______ to the scene. ( rush)4. Toms mother was so happy to see him ___________ his own bedroom when she came back from work. ( tidy)5. He had a serious accident because he ___________ carelessly on his way home. (drive)6. The customer-service manager told me that my parcel ________ for a second time the next day. (deliver)【参考答案：1.am planningnot only...but (also)的谓语动词遵循就近原则，either...or,neither...nor也是。

而as well as的结构谓语动词应与前面的主语一致。

2.have destroyedIn the past few years在过去的几年里，是现在完成时的时间状语。

3.To rushThe first to do sth.第一个做某事。

4.tidyingSee sth看见某人正在做某事5.droveBecause是并列连词，主句从句时态一致。

6.-7.would be delivered宾语从句时态和主句一致，再看句意，此处时态用过去将来时would+v.。

从句主语parcel包裹被投递，动词要用被动。

III. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案，共12分）26.Which of the following is the correct phonetic symbol of the underline wordA./´sʌbə:bz/B./sə´bə:bz/C./´sə:bʌbz/D./´səbə:bs/27.A burning candle set the house ________.a fire the fire fireis always absent-minded and sometimes even ________ in class.down off down awaycan play tennis better than ______ in the class.boys other boy boy the boys》Internet has brought us a lot of convenience ______ some problems.well as ofboys felt sad as they lost ______ the girls in the competition.used to _______ a lot of coffee,but now she is used to ______ water instead of coffee.,drink ,drinking ,drink ,drink33.---Glad to see you long _____ in Russia ---Only 3 days.you stay you stayedyou staying you been staying34.I don’t know Ben’s phone number. Would you please _______ in your address book for meup it it up look it up for it35.-36.Tony wanted to know ________.had Father Christmas put in his stockingFather Christmas had put in his stockingFather Christmas had put in his stockingFather Christmas had put in his stocking37.If Jack’s wife doesn’t agree to go on holiday in w inter,_________. he will does he will he he does38.--Would it bother you if I talked to you for a minute--______________.,please. ,I don’t. ,please don’t at all参考答案：26.；27. A. 元音字母u发/ʌ/的音，元音字组ur发长音/ə:/,s在b后浊化/z/28.C. set on fire使燃烧，catch fire着火29.B. fall down摔倒；doze off打瞌睡；knock down击倒；turn away避开30.B. 比较级+than+any other+单数名词+范围，表示比同范围内的任何一个都更...，相当于the+最高级+范围31.B. as well as表示“和”，并列连词32.C. lose to sb.败给某人33.B. Used to do sth.过去常常做某事。

Be used to do sth.被用来做某事。

Be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。

34.A. 根据句意，去了已经回来了，单纯的讲过去的事情，用一般过去时。

B 选项用现在完成时表示发生事件对当下有影响，C选项用现在进行时表示正在发生的事件，D选项用现在完成进行时表示发生事件对当下有影响且并未结束。

35.B. Look up检查，（在字典之类的本册中）查找；look for找寻。

介词词组中代词放中间。

36.C. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中主语谓语顺序按照陈述句语序。

37.C. 倒装句中so+助动词+主语表示“我也一样”，如果前文是否定句，改so 为neither或nor。

38.|39. D. 考语言功能，not at all没关系。

IV. complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. （用所给单词的适当形式填空，共7分）choose engineer break construct social impress price1. Last night, two thieves stole a ________ vase from an antique shop.2. The ________ of the new model are powered by both gasoline and electricity.3. native speakers can understand what you mean even if you speak in ________ English.4. I cried as I was so _________ the beauty of her voice.5. Architect sometimes go to the _______ sites to see whether the buildings are properly built.6. As a doctor, she had no _______ but to cancel her holiday on receiving the emergency call.7. Outgoing people are usually more _______ accepted.Keys》1. priceless 形容词作定语，无价的。

2. engines 名词作主语，发动机，注意主谓一致用复数。

3. broken 形容词做定语，蹩脚的英语。

4. impressed 形容词作表语。

印象深刻的。

5. construction 名词作定语，建筑工地。

6. 固定搭配: have no choice but do7. socially，副词修饰动词更容易被社会接纳。

V. rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子，每空格限填一词，共10分）1.The place developed from a fishing village into a tourist resort.（改为一般疑问句）______the place_____ from a fishing village into a tourist resort2.It is fun to walk your dog on the beach.（改为感叹句）【_____ _____ it is to walk your dog on the beach!3.“Have you done your duty today” The counselor asked me.（把两个句子合并成一个句子）The counselor asked me _____ I _____ done my duty.4.Frozen food is carried to supermarkets in refrigerated trucks（冷藏车）every day.（对划线部分提问）_____ _____ frozen food carried to supermarkets every day5.the book out be than had interesting I turned toexpected more （连词成句）______________________________________________________________参考答案：1.Did develop 一般疑问句将助动词提前，原句是过去式所以要用did，谓语动词develop保持原型2.What fun 此句中fun是不可数名词，采用What来引导感叹句3.if had 本句翻译成“顾问问我是否完成了任务”，if在本句中翻译成“是否”4.）5.How is 原句划线部分是交通工具，即对方式方法的提问，所以采用how6.The book turned out to be more interesting than expected.这本书比预想的要有趣得多Part Three Reading Comprehension 35%VI. Reading ComprehensionA. Choose the best %Room for Renting＄550 ＄550@!@!@!Sunny,Furnished Room@!@!@!(Oakland Hills)》ReplyDate:2016-09-04,7:08a.Available OctoberSunny carpeted room with a view of the bay available in two clean bedrooms, safe, very quiet, diverse, residential neighborhood, area of the Oakland Hills, great yard, short drive to shopping and Bart, furnished, full use of kitchen, bathroom, living room and backyard, washer/dryer.No smoking in the house please.I am a professional English woman aged fifties, non-smoker. Generally, I am early ti bed and early to rise and fairly quiet. If you are a quiet person, have local references and are interested please contact mo for more info.Hear comments from a previous housemate:Dear Prospective Tenant,I have been renting D’s extra bedroom for the past nine months. My stay here has been enjoyable, peaceful, and relaxing. D is an accommodating and friendly housemate. The neighborhood is quiet, and the view is beautiful no matter what the weather is like. On the rare occasion that an issue arose, D has always been open to talking things over. In this regard she has been hospitable, courteous, and very clear in stating in her own needs.Overall I have found this to be a wonderful living situation, and Dto be an honest and respectful renter.Jonathan39.·40.You can enjoy a good view from _______.A. one of the bedroomsB. both bedroomsC. living roomD. kitchen41.The renter doesn’t allow the housemate to _______.A. drive her carB. smokeC. use the kitchenD. be quiet42.The following services are available except _______.A. backyardB. washerC. internetD. carpet43.The renter is an English woman who _______.A. gets home late at nightB. never talks with others}C. always gets up and goes to bed earlyD. moved to this house recently44.Jonathan wrote the letter to _______.A. make the future tenant believe the advantages of this houseB. show his appreciation to the renterC. say goodbye to the renterD. describe his life in the house参考答案：38.B.文章开头第一句就有 a view of the bay available in two clean bedrooms 堤坝景色在两个卧室都能看到。