M7U1学案

M7Unit 1 Living with technology
I. Key words:
1. touch 1) v.
①接触，触摸；触及You are not allowed to touch the vase. 你们不许碰花瓶。

②感动，触动be deeply touched by ( =be moved / affected by)
③涉及, 关系到A rise in the cost of living touches everyone. 生活费用的增加涉及每个人。

2) n. 联系；接触（同）contact
【必记搭配】keep in contact (touch ) with 与…保持联系
get in touch/ contact with 与…取得联系
be in contact/ touch with 与…有联系
be out of contact / touch with与…失去联系
lose contact/ touch with 与…失去联系
【比较】contact vt. 与…取得联系
与某人联系contact sb.（正）contact with sb.（误）
2. principle n. 原则；基本信念
【必记搭配】stick to one’s principle 坚持自己的原则
a matter of principle一个原则问题
act on principle按原则办事
（2011浙江,18）against all my principles违反我的原则
3. delay 1) vt. & vi. (delayed, delayed, delaying) delay (for) two hours
①耽搁，延误be delayed one hour by the accident因车祸而延误了一个小时
(2004辽宁，33) be delayed by a heavy storm.
②推迟，使延期delay doing 推迟做(delay making the decision)
2) n. 耽搁（的时间），延迟without delay 迅速的/ a delay of two hours 两个小时的拖延
【同义速辨】
delay: 推迟，延误，指因故而延缓postpone: 延期，延缓，指有意向后推迟
put off: 因不想做而拖延//hold up: 耽搁，拖延，常用于被动语态call off 取消
4.accessible adj. ①（场所）易到达的，易接近的；（事物）易得到的(that can be reached, used,
etc) a beach accessible only from the sea（牛津）只能从海上到达的沙滩
（2009江西, 32）be accessible to sb
②（人）易接近的，平易近人的(of people) that are easy to meet and talk to, even if they are
very important or powerful Our principal is accessible to the students.
【同义速辨】available adj.（反）unavailable
①现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的，可获得的(of things ) that can be used or obtained
be available to sb. / （2008浙江, 12）There are plenty of jobs available.（作定语后置）
②可取得联系的，可得到的(of people) free to be seen, talked to
The doctor is not available now. 医生现在没空。

共同点：(of things ) that can be used
We must ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone. (M6U4P51)
We must make sure that fresh drinking water is accessible to everyone. (M6U4P53)
我们必须保证每个人都能获得新鲜的饮用水。

5. wind v. (wound, wound)
①蜿蜒/曲折而行The snake wound its way to the hole.
②卷缠，缠绕，绕成团wind the wool into a ball
③给…上发条He forgot to wind (up) his watch.
6. casual adj.
①偶然的，碰巧的（同）accidental a casual meeting 巧遇
②随便的，非正式的（同）informal （2007上海，20）a casual attitude 不够慎重的态度
7. reject vt. (rejection n. )
①拒绝（同）refuse, decline（比refuse拒绝的方法更为强硬，有断然拒绝的含义）
She rejected his offer of his marriage. 他向她求婚，她拒绝了。

②拒纳，退回，摒弃（同）desert
reject the beliefs of its parents摒弃父母的观念
After the transplant his body rejected the new heart. 他的身体对新移植的心脏产生排斥。

【同义速辨】decline: 正式地、有礼貌地谢绝，婉言谢绝（主语是人）
refuse: 果断、坦率地拒绝（主语是人或物）
reject: 抛弃，不采纳，以否定、敌对的态度当面拒绝
decline to do 谢绝做拒绝做refuse to do（正）/ reject to do（误）
8. tight adj. (安排)紧凑的, 紧密的
(2011浙江, 16) My schedule is very ______.
【词汇拓展】tightly adv. （2010湖北，43）hug sb tightly
9. oppose (opposed, opposing) vt. 反对；反抗（同）resist（反）support
【必记搭配】oppose (doing) sth. / be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对某事，不赞成某事oppose a new plan 反对一项新计划
I oppose your going there alone. 我反对你单独去那里。

10. typical adj. 典型的；特有的It’s typical of sb. to do…做…是某人的特点.
11. sacrifice vt. & n. 牺牲
【必记搭配】sacrifice sth. to do sth. She sacrificed her career to marry him.
sacrificed sth. for It’s not worth sacrificing your health for your career.
make sacrifices/ a sacrifice 作出牺牲at the sacrifice of 牺牲
12. stable adj. 稳定的，不变的(steady and not likely to move or change)
（2007湖北, 10）a stable environment
【同义速辨】
firm adj. ①稳固的，牢固的(strong or fixed in position, and not likely to move or break)
The ladder felt strong and firm. ②（决定、信念等）坚定的 a firm belief坚定的信念
steady adj. 稳定的；牢固的；不摇晃的(firmly held in a particular position and not moving
or shaking) Keep the camera steady while you take a picture. 照相时把照相机拿稳。

(2011湖北, 23）H is step was steady.
13. rid vt. 使摆脱，解除…的负担
【必记搭配】rid sb. / sp. of sth. 消除，去除
rid oneself of bad habits 戒除坏习惯/ rid the house of mice把房子里的老鼠消灭光
【短语拓展】be/get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，处理掉
I can’t get rid of this cough. 我的咳嗽老是不好。

It’s time we got rid of all these old toys. 该是我们把这些旧玩具全扔掉的时候了。

Ⅱ. Key expressions:
1. wind up ①给…上发条wind up your watch
②把（汽车窗玻璃等）摇上wind up the car window to keep the wind out
2. contribute to
contribute to the country 为国家做出贡献
contribute to the church 给教堂捐（钱/物）
contribute money/food/ clothing…to…给……捐款/食物/衣物
contribute to magazines/newspapers 向杂志/报纸投稿
Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health. 充足的新鲜空气有助于身体健康。

【词汇拓展】contribution n. 贡献；捐献；投稿contributor 贡献者；投稿者；捐助者make contributions / a contribution to 对…做出贡献（捐赠）
3. under construction 正在建设中
【短语拓展】under repair 在修理中under control处于控制中
under discussion 正在讨论中under consideration 在考虑中
under pressure在压力下under attack 受到攻击, 遭到破坏under way进行中,在行进
Ш. Important sentence patterns：
1. Technology has seen some amazing developments in the last few decades.
有些动词（如see, witness, find, experience）的主语不是人，而是物，即拟人用法，使句子生动。

1)This old house has seen old days 这座老屋经历了昔日的岁月。

2) Dusk（黄昏）found a boy crying in the street. 黄昏时分一个小男孩在街上哭泣。

3) Oct1, 1949 saw/witnessed the foundation of the People’s Republic of China.
1949年10月1日，中华人民共和国成立。

4) China has experienced a tremendous （巨大的）change since the adoption of the policy of reform and opening-up in 1978.自1978年实行改革开放政策以来，中国经历了巨大的变化。

基本结构：It + is/ was +被强调部分+ that / who (whom) + 其它成分。

此结构中的it叫做强调it, 无词汇意义，只用来改变句子结构，使某一部分得到强调。

强调句型的一般疑问式：直接把is或was提到it之前即可
特殊疑问句中只有疑问词才可以强调，其结构为：疑问词+ is / was it + that …？
Where was it that you saw Jack last Sunday?
not until的强调结构为:
It is / was not until + 短语/从句+ that …（that从句中的谓语动词用肯定式）
I didn’t recognize her until she took off her glasses. （改为强调结构）→
3. Satellites allow TV to be broadcast live over vast distances, with everyone receiving the same
broadcast at the same time.
with的复合结构(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 有以下几种：（在句中可作状语或定语）
with+ n./ pron. + doing/ done/ to do/ to be done
+ adj./ adv. / n.
+ prep.+
With the guide leading the way, we had no difficulty _______ (find) the village.
(90) The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ (tie)behind his back.
With a lot of homework ______ (do), we can’t watch TV.
He likes to sleep with the window ______ (open).
He left the room with the light ______（开着）.
The old man looks down upon everyone, with his son _______（当上了市长）.
The teacher came in _________________（手里拿着一本书）.
4. When asked later what the call was about, your friend always answers, ‘Oh, nothing really.’
状语从句中的省略：
1) 在时间、条件、让步、原因等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，或从句主语是it，
且含有be动词时，可以将从句主语和be动词省略。

Let’s practise speaking English when and where (it is) possible.
（2007全国1）We all know that, _______, the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with
B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with
D. not if carefully dealt with
（2006广东，29）No matter how frequently _______, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A. performed
B. performing
C. to be performed
D. being performed
(94上) If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly ______.
A. supposing
B. supposed
C. to suppose
D. suppose
2) 在if引导的非真实条件状语从句中，如果从句含有助动词had, should或were时，可以省略连
词if，而将这些助动词置于主语前。

（2006湖北卷）______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A. Would you be
B. Should you be
C. Could you be
D. Might you be
(95上) ______ for the free tickets, I wouldn’t have gone to the film so often.
A. If it is not
B. Were it not
C. Had it not been
D. If they were not
答案：
I didn’t recognize her until she took off her glasses. （改为强调结构）→
It was not until she took off her glasses that I recognized her.
with的复合结构
With the guide leading the way, we had no difficulty finding (find) the village.
(90) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied (tie)behind his back.
With a lot of homework to do (do), we can’t watch TV.
He likes to sleep with the window open (open).
He left the room with the light on（开着）.
The old man looks down upon everyone, with his son mayor（当上了市长）.
The teacher came in with a book in his hand（手里拿着一本书）.
4. When asked later what the call was about, your friend always answers, ‘Oh, nothing really.’状语从句中的省略：
BABBC。