(完整word版)高一英语现在完成时

现在完成时

一、兴趣导入

Watch out for themselves

Farmer Jones picked a big red apple and handed it to the boy saying, "Watch out

for worms."

"When I eat apples," replied the boy, "the worms have to watch out for themselves.

二、当堂过手训练（详见最后一页）

三、专题训练

1. 现在完成时的用法

（1）现在完成时用来表示过去的动作对现在造成影响，常与already, yet, just, before, recently, lately 等词连用。结构：have/has done

I have already spent all of my money.

He hasn’t returned from abroad yet.

（2）现在完成时还可以表示过去的经历，常与ever，never，twice 等表示频度的时间状语连用。

Have you ever been to Beijing?

She has been to Europe twice.

（3）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的，持续到现在的情况，常与for（+时间段），since（+时间点）连用。

Mary has been ill for these days.

I have lived here since 1998.

2. 与现在完成时相关的重要知识点：瞬间动词（buy, die, join, lose 等）在肯定句中不能与for/since连用。要改变动词。

（1）have 代替buy

My brother has had this bike for almost four years.

（2）用keep 或have代替borrow

I have kept the book for quite a few days.

（3）用be替代become

How long has your sister been a teacher?

（4）用have a cold 代替catch a cold

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

（5）用wear代替put on

I have worn this shirt for two days.

（6）用“be+形容词”代瞬间动词

be married 代marry

be ill代fall (get) ill

be dead代die

be asleep代fall

(get) asleep

be awake代wake/wake up

be away代leave

be open代open

be closed代close

be lost代lose

（7）用be+副词代瞬间动词

be on代start, begin

be up代get up

be back to代come back to, go back to

be here (there) 代come (arrive, reach, get) here

be over代finish

（8）用be+介词短语代瞬间动词

be in/at +地点代替go to/come to

be in the army 代替join the army

3. 现在完成时的时间状语

（1）用副词already 和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

They haven’t finished their homework yet.

（2）用ever 和never。多用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“曾经”和“从未”等。

Have you ever been to the Great Wall?

I have never been to the Great Wall.

（3）用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just ，before，so far, up to now, in the past few years/during the last few years等。

I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.

He has been there three times during the last few days.

（4）用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning(month, year, term)等。

Have you met him today?

How many times have you been there this year?

4. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别

现在完成时和一般过去式都表示动作发生在过去。但是现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系，对现在产生的结果和影响等。而一般过去式只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。

I have lost my new book

I lost my new book yesterday.

5. 其他重要注意事项

（1）have been to与have gone to的区别

have been to 表示“去过某地”（现在已经回来了。），可用于各人称。Have gone to 表示“去了某地”（说话时某人不在当地，也就是去了还没有回来。），常用与第三人称。前者可以与once，never，several times 连用，后者不可以。

They have been to Beijing twice.