高考英语阅读理解讲解和练习

高考英语阅读理解讲解

一、考点分析

I. 常见考点突破

※比较结构的概念

比较结构句型复杂，形式多样，是考试中的重要考点，较常出现于考题中，是考生在英语阅读中一大难点。

※常见比较结构

1. “the+比较级…, the+比较级…”结构

该结构前面部分是状语从句，后面部分是表示结构的主句，整个句子表示“后面部分随着前面部分变化而变化”。

e.g.: The older we grow, the poorer our memory will become.

2. than引导的比较结构

① more than“不只是……”。

e.g.: Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too.

② no more… than… / not… any more than…“……与……一样不……”。不能简单地把该结构看成是more…than…的否定形式。它可能是一种感情上的否定，也可能是一种特殊的类比形式。

e.g.: The heart is no more than intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.

③ no other… than…“除……之外没有别的……，不是别的……正是……”。

e.g.: The murderer turned out to be no other person than the inspector himsel

f.

3. as引导的比较结构

① as…as结构，意为“和……一样，像……一样”。

e.g.: He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep.

② not so much…as…结构，表示“与其……不如……”。

e.g.: The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.

4. like引导的比较结构

Like / Unlike + n.的比较通常放在句首，其比较对象是句子的主语。因此看到这类型的题目首先判断的就是对应的主语是否和like后面接的名词是对等的对象。

e.g.: Unlike a typical automobile loan, a lease-loan does not require the buyer to make an initial deposit on the new vehicle.

※特殊的比较结构

1. 句型A is to B what C is to D.

该句型中的what为连词，用来比较两种事物之间相同或相似的关系，意为“A之于B就如同C之于D一样”。

e.g.: To the Portuguese, the dry salted cod is what pasta is to the Italians.

2. 一些词的原级本身就具有比较意义，气候常常接介词to引出比较的对象，如：senior to…, junior to…, anterior/ prior to…, superior to…, posterior to…, prefer to…, inferior to…

e.g.: The children prefer camping in the mountains to an indoor activity.

3. 表示对比的一些标志性词语，如：like, unlike, in contrast, in comparisons, compared with等，也经常被用来对两个事物、两个事实、两种观点进行对比。

e.g.: The Prime Minister’s support staff is tiny in comparison with that of a US President.

1. 从真题中透析解题思路

Even as Americans have been gaining weight, they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in the past 15 years. And indeed, cutting fat to control or lose weight makes sense. Fat has nine calories per gram. Protein and carbohydrates have just four. Moreover, the body uses fewer calories to metabolize fat than it does to metabolize other foods. Compared with protein and carbohydrates —which break down into amino acids and simple sugars, respectively, and can be used to strengthen and energize the body —— dietary fat is more easily converted to body fat. Therefore, it’s more likely to stay on buttocks, thighs and bellies.

But cutting fat from your diet doesn’t necessarily mean your body won’t store fat. For example, between nonfat and regular cookies, there’s trivial difference in calories bec ause manufacturers make up for the loss of fat by adding sugar than ever before. Low-fat crackers,