上海市高级口译笔试汉译英题型 五年真题解析

上海市高级口译笔试汉译英题型五年真题解析（2003-2007）

2007年9月

试题原文根据网文《上海男人与上海女人》改编而成。

【原文】据说，上海男人是最好丈夫。他们总是知道该如何讨妻子的欢心，从而避免了矛盾，一家人其乐融融。所以从某种程度上讲，上海男人是社会安定和谐的象征。当妻子快乐时，他也快乐，因而整个城市也充满了快乐气氛。

虽然上海男人被戏谑为“妻管严”，但他并不屈从于妻子。在与妻子

有争议时，他要么保持沉默，要么一笑置之。有时候他会发火，但事后不久，他也会毫不迟疑地道歉。最终他妻子发现，她还是按照他的想法行事。上海男人聪明、务实，有时也相当圆滑。最令人印象深刻的是，上海

男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。

【参考译文】Shanghai men are said to be the best of husbands. They

know how to win the favor of their wives and avoid conflicts so that happiness pervades their families. Shanghai men can be regarded as the

symbol of social security and harmony. They are joyful whenever their

wives are, thus filling the whole city of Shanghai with happiness.

Shanghai men are jokingly called hen-pecked husbands. However,

they will never yield to their wives but remain silent or smile away the quarrels. And they will apologize without hesitation shortly after they lose

their temper, which is a rarity. Finally, their wives find themselves

complying with what their husbands say.

Shanghai men are smart and practical and even slippery, but what

impresses most is that they are aggressive in their career and responsible

to their families and respectful to females.

【评析】

1. 首句可以用It is said that.译出。

2. 前两句可以合并译为一句，即Shanghai men，who are said to be the

best of husbands，know how to win the favor of their wives and avoid conflicts so that happiness pervades their families.

3. “讨..的欢心”亦可译为win sb..s heart。

4. “社会安定”宜译为social stability。

5. “快乐气氛”亦可译为felicity。

6. 用smile away翻译“一笑置之”很妥当，另举两例：

smile away one.s embarrassment 以微笑解除窘态

Smile your tears away. 笑笑吧，别哭了。

此外还可换用dismiss sth. with a laugh/smile或laugh off（to pretend that sth. is less serious than it really is by laughing or joking about it）。

7. “发火”的表达方式有多种，除lose temper之外，还有get angry、flare up、hit the ceiling、fly into a rage和go through the roof等多种。

8. “毫不迟疑地”除可用without hesitation之外，亦可用unhesitatingly。

9.“务实”宜译为pragmatic（dealing with problems in a sensible, practical way instead of strictly following a set of ideas）。

10. “圆滑”亦可译为smooth and wily、slick and sly或tactful。

11. “有进取心”亦可译为enterprising（Someone who is enterprising shows the ability to think of new things to do and has an eagerness to do them）。

12. “女性”亦可译为the fair sex。

2007年3月

试题原文选自《中国的环境保护（1996－2005）》白皮书。

【原文】中国政府高度重视保护环境，认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建

设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。中国政府将环境保

护确立为一项基本国策，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强保

护环境。特别是近年来，中国政府坚持预防为主、综合治理、全面推进、

重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，领先科学进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。经过努力，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分

城市和地区环境质量有所改善，全社会保护环境意识进一步增强。

【参考译文1】The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection has a

bearing on the overall situation of China.s modernization drive and its

long-term development and that it is an undertaking which will not only

benefit the Chinese people of today but also bring benefit to their children

and grand children. The Chinese government has established

environmental protection as a basic national policy. While promoting

economic growth, it has adopted a series of measures to protect the environment. Especially in recent years, adhering to the principle of

prevention first, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough, Chinese government has made great efforts to solve those outstanding environmental problems that threaten people.s health. It has persisted in institutional innovation, relied on technological advances, strengthened the role of law in environmental protection and brought into

full play the initiative of various sectors of the society. Thanks to these

efforts, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and

ecological destruction has slowed down, pollution control in some river

basins has achieved some initial success, the environmental quality of

some cities and regions has improved to some extent, and the people.s awareness of the importance of environmental protection has increased

further.（考试主办机构提供）

【参考译文2】The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection will

have a direct impact on the overall situation of China's modernization drive

and its long-term development, and considers environmental protection

an undertaking that will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but

also their children and grandchildren. Years ago, the Chinese government established environmental protection as a basic national policy and

sustainable development as an important strategy, and has adhered to the

road of a new type of industrialization. While promoting economic growth,

it has adopted a whole array of measures to strengthen environmental protection. Especially in recent years, the Chinese government has

adhered to focusing on preventive measures, comprehensive control and

overall progress with breakthroughs at some key points, and worked hard

to solve conspicuous environmental problems threatening people's health.

At the same time, it has continued its efforts for institutional innovation,

relied on scientific and technological advances, strengthened the legal