2014年山东高考卷含答案
2014年高考语文山东卷及答案解析
绝密★启用前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共8页。
满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
考生注意:1. 答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区 进而科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2. 第I 卷每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如 需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
答案写在试卷上无效。
3. 第II 卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡个题目指定区域 内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的 答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)1. 下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是( )A. 湛.蓝/斟.酌 崛.起/倔.脾气 提.防/醍.醐灌顶B. 跻.身/犄.角 女红./彩虹.桥 沟壑./豁.然开朗C. 毛坯./胚.芽 蒜薹./跆.拳道 拙.劣/咄.咄逼人D. 劲.敌/浸.渍 咆哮./酵.母菌 着.陆/着.手成春 2. 下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是( )A. 缠绵 梗概 打寒噤 震聋发聩B. 扼守 晋升 伏卧撑 杞人忧天C. 滥觞 脉博 摇篮曲 大快朵颐D. 伛偻 驯顺 笑吟吟 锄强扶弱 3. 依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是( )①本报这次开展的讨论,受到了社会各界的普遍关注,稿件之多,范围之广,_____之强烈,出乎意料。
②有关领导在会议上强调,要重视秋冬季森林防火工作,一旦发现火情,就要及时 处置,严防火势_____。
③这几年虽然很艰难,但我的付出_____没有白费,经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践,我练就了比较过硬的本领。
A. ①反映 ②曼延 ③总算B. ①反应 ②蔓延 ③总算C. ①反映 ②蔓延 ③终于D. ①反应 ②曼延 ③终于 4. 下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一项是( )A. 严冬的夜晚,凛冽的北风从后窗缝里灌进来,常常把人们从睡梦中冻醒,让人不.寒而栗...。
2014年高考真题——语文(山东卷)Word版含答案)供参习
绝密★启用前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文本试卷分第1卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共8页。
满分150分,考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、区县和科类填写在答题卡和卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第1卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,答案不能答在试卷上。
3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答.答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第1卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是A.湛.蓝/斟.酌崛.起/倔.脾气提.防/醍.醐灌顶B.跻.身/犄.角女红./彩虹.桥沟壑./豁.然开朗C.毛胚./胚.芽蒜薹./跆.拳道拙.劣/咄.咄逼人D.劲.敌/浸.渍咆哮./酵.母菌着.陆/着.手成春2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是A.缠绵梗概打寒噤震聋发聩B.扼守晋升伏卧撑杞人忧天C.滥觞脉博摇篮曲大快朵颐D.伛偻驯顺笑吟吟锄强扶弱3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是○1本报这次开展的讨论,受到了社会各界的普遍关注,稿件之多,范围之广,之强烈出乎意料。
○2有关领导在会议上强调,要重视秋冬季森林防火工作,一旦发现灾情,就要及时处置,严防火势。
○3这几年虽然很艰难,但我的付出没有白费,经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践,我练就了比较过硬的本领。
A.○1反映○2曼延○3总算B.○1反应○2蔓延○3总算C.○1反映○2蔓延○3终于D.○1反应○2曼延○3终于4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一句是A.严冬的夜晚,凛冽的北风从后窗缝里灌进来,常常把人们从睡梦中冻醒,让人不寒而栗....。
6、2014年高考山东卷语文试题及答案解析
6、2014年高考山东卷语文试题及答案解析一、(每小题3分,共15分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是A.湛蓝/斟酌崛起/倔脾气提防/醍醐灌顶B.跻身/犄角女红/彩虹桥沟壑/豁然开朗C.毛坯/胚芽蒜薹/跆拳道拙劣/咄咄逼人D.劲敌/浸渍咆哮/酵母菌着陆/着手成春【答案】A 【解析】三组读音皆不相同,B“跻身与犄角”;C“蒜薹与跆拳道”;D “着陆与着手成春”这三组中加点的字的读音是相同的。
对于字音题,应把握一句话:记住是根本,辨析乃王道。
尤其是些高考中的老面孔如“着陆”“劲敌”“提防”等等更不能等闲视之。
常见而易混的字词仍是复习重点。
2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是A.缠绵梗概打寒噤震聋发聩B.扼守晋升伏卧撑杞人忧天C.滥觞脉博摇篮曲大快朵颐D.佝偻驯顺笑吟吟锄强扶弱【答案】D【解析】A 应为“振聋发聩”;B 应为“俯卧撑”;C 应为“脉搏”。
字形题大概是最万变不离其宗的了,其中像“振聋发聩”“脉搏”“滥觞”之类的都是老面孔,复习时,不能只着眼于“偏”“难”“怪”,就得从身边的词语中找问题才是正道。
3.依次填入下面横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是①本报这次开展的讨论,受到了社会各界的普遍关注,稿件之多,范围之广,之强烈,出乎意料。
②有关领导在会议上强调,要重视秋冬季森林防火工作,一旦发现火情,就要及时处置,严防火势。
③这几年虽然很艰难,但我的付出没有白费,经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践我练就了比较过硬的本领。
A.①反映②曼延③总算B.①反应②蔓延③总算C.①反映②蔓延③终于D.①反应②曼延③终于【答案】B【解析】“反映”是把情况、意见等告诉上级或有关部门,“反应”是事情所引起的意见、态度或行动。
先说“曼延”。
“曼延”跟“蔓延”的区别较大,应该很容易分清。
因为“曼”的本义“引”(使长)的意思,“曼延”指线性伸展延长,一般用于具体的事物。
《现代汉语规范词典》释为“连绵不断地向远处延伸(多用于山脉、水流、道路等)”;“蔓延”指“蔓草一类植物不断向周围延伸、扩展”“比喻事物像蔓草一样向周围延伸、扩展”(《现代汉语规范词典》)“蔓”能缠绕攀缘,由根部向四面八方地生长;因此,“蔓延”应该是指围绕一个点向四面八方无规则地扩展,明显有一个动态的过程。
2014年全国高考山东省数学(文)试卷及答案【精校版】
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)文科数学本试卷分第I卷和第II 卷两部分,共4页。
满分150分,考试用时120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1. 答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2. 第I 卷每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如果改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号、答案写在试卷上无效。
3. 第II 卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 填空题请直接填写答案,解答题应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
参考公式:如果事件A ,B 互斥,那么()()()P A B P A P B +=+第I卷(共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
(1) 已知,,a b R i ∈是虚数单位. 若a i +=2bi -,则2()a bi +=(A) 34i -(B) 34i + (C) 43i -(D) 43i +(2) 设集合2{|20},{|14}A x x x B x x =-<=≤≤,则A B =(A) (0,2](B) (1,2)(C) [1,2)(D) (1,4)(3)函数()f x =(A) (0,2)(B) (0,2](C) (2,)+∞(D) [2,)+∞(4) 用反证法证明命题:“设,a b 为实数,则方程30x ax b ++=至少有一个实根”时,要做的假设是(A) 方程30x ax b ++=没有实根(B) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有一个实根(C) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有两个实根 (D) 方程30x ax b ++=恰好有两个实根(5) 已知实数,x y 满足(01)xya a a <<<, 则下列关系式恒成立的是 (A) 33x y >(B) sin sin x y >(C) 22ln(1)ln(1)x y +>+(D)221111x y >++ (6) 已知函数log ()(,0,1)a y x c a c a a =+>≠为常数,其中的图象如右图,则下列结论成(B) 1,01a c ><<(C) 01,1a c <<> (D) 01,01a c <<<<(7) 已知向量(1,3),(3,)a b m ==. 若向量,a b 的夹角为6π,则实数m =(A)(B)(C) 0(D)(8) 为了研究某药品的疗效,选取若干名志愿者进行临床试验,所有志愿者的舒张压数据(单位:kPa )的分组区间为[12,13),[13,14),[14,15),[15,16),[16,17],将其按从左到右的顺序分别编号为第一组,第二组,……,第五组,右图是根据试验数据制成的频率分布直方图。
2014年山东高考文科数学真题及答案
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文科数学山东卷第I卷(共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
(1) 已知,,a b R i ∈是虚数单位. 若a i +=2bi -,则2()a bi += (A) 34i - (B) 34i + (C) 43i -(D) 43i + (2) 设集合2{|20},{|14}A x x x B x x =-<=≤≤,则A B =(A) (0,2](B) (1,2)(C) [1,2)(D) (1,4)(3)函数()f x =(A) (0,2) (B) (0,2] (C) (2,)+∞ (D) [2,)+∞(4) 用反证法证明命题:“设,a b 为实数,则方程30x ax b ++=至少有一个实根”时,要做的假设是(A) 方程30x ax b ++=没有实根 (B) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有一个实根(C) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有两个实根 (D) 方程30x ax b ++=恰好有两个实根(5) 已知实数,x y 满足(01)x ya a a <<<,则下列关系式恒成立的是(A) 33x y > (B) sin sin x y >(C) 22ln(1)ln(1)x y +>+ (D) 221111x y >++ (6) 已知函数log ()(,0,1)a y x c a c a a =+>≠为常数,其中的图象如右图,则下列结论成立的是(B) 1,01a c ><<(C) 01,1a c <<>(D) 01,01a c <<<<(7) 已知向量(1,3),(3,)a b m ==. 若向量,a b 的夹角为6π,则实数m = (A) (B) (C) 0 (D)(8) 为了研究某药品的疗效,选取若干名志愿者进行临床试验,所有志愿者的舒张压数据(单位:kPa )的分组区间为[12,13),[13,14),[14,15),[15,16),[16,17],将其按从左到右的顺序分别编号为第一组,第二组,……,第五组,右图是根据试验数据制成的频率分布直方图。
2014全国高考山东卷数学真题及答案
2014年高考山东卷理科数学真题及参考答案一.选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,选择符合题目要求的选项。
1.已知i R b a ,,∈是虚数单位,若i a -与bi +2互为共轭复数,则=+2)(bi a (A )i 45- (B) i 45+ (C) i 43- (D) i 43+答案:D2.设集合},]2,0[,2{},21{∈==<-=x y y B x x A x 则=B A (A) [0,2] (B) (1,3) (C) [1,3) (D) (1,4) 答案:C3.函数1)(log 1)(22-=x x f 的定义域为(A))210(, (B) )2(∞+, (C) ),2()210(+∞ , (D) )2[]210(∞+,, 答案:C4. 用反证法证明命题“设,,R b a ∈则方程02=++b ax x 至少有一个实根”时要做的假设是 (A)方程02=++b ax x 没有实根 (B)方程02=++b ax x 至多有一个实根(C)方程02=++b ax x 至多有两个实根 (D)方程02=++b ax x 恰好有两个实根 答案:A5.已知实数y x ,满足)10(<<<a a a yx,则下列关系式恒成立的是 (A)111122+>+y x (B) )1ln()1ln(22+>+y x (C) y x sin sin > (D) 33y x > 答案:D6.直线x y 4=与曲线2x y =在第一象限内围成的封闭图形的面积为(A )22(B )24(C )2(D )4 答案:D7.为了研究某药厂的疗效,选取若干名志愿者进行临床试验,所有志愿者的舒张压数据(单位:kPa )的分组区间为[12,13),[13,14),[14,15),[15,16),[16,17],将其按从左到右的顺序分别编号为第一组,第二组,……,第五组,右图是根据试验数据制成的频率分布直方图,已知第一组与第二组共有20人,第三组中没有疗效的有6人,则第三组中有疗效的人数为舒张压/kPa(A )6 (B )8 (C ) 12(D )18 答案:C8.已知函数()12+-=x x f ,()kx x g =.若方程()()x g x f=有两个不相等的实根,则实数k 的取值范围是(A )),(210(B )),(121(C )),(21(D )),(∞+2答案:B9.已知y x,满足的约束条件⎩⎨⎧≥≤0,3-y -2x 0,1-y -x 当目标函数0)b 0,by(a ax z >>+=在该约束条件下取得最小值52时,22a b +的最小值为(A )5(B )4(C )5(D )2 答案:B10.已知0b 0,a >>,椭圆1C 的方程为1x 2222=+b y a ,双曲线2C 的方程为1x 2222=-by a ,1C 与2C 的离心率之积为23,则2C 的渐近线方程为 (A )02x =±y (B )02=±y x (C )02y x =±(D )0y 2x =±答案:A二.填空题:本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分,答案须填在题中横线上。
2014年高考英语山东卷-答案
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)英语答案解析第Ⅰ卷第一部分语言知识运用第一节单项选择1.【答案】D【解析】题干有…was more time-consuming than we____可知,横线中的动词expect 的动作应该在was 之前发生,故用过去完成时即“过去的过去”。
2.【答案】A【解析】前一句“我并非真正喜欢这个作者”;后一句“我必须承认他的书振奋人心”。
故选让步关系的从属连词although(尽管)3.【答案】A【解析】上句说“这个苹果排太甜了,你不认为如此吗?”注意下句横线后的提示:实际上,我认为正好。
故选对上句观点进行否定态度的回应语——not really。
B项“我也希望如此”C项“听起来很好”是对建议计划的肯定语。
D项“不足为奇”都不符合交流意向。
4.【答案】C【解析】It 做形式主语、宾语并代替句中的V-ing短语、to do 和从句。
此处it 代替that从句,做形式宾语。
5.【答案】B【解析】句意:一旦Larry更换工作,他们决定买一所新的房子。
Buy 应该发生在Made up their mind 之后,故用以过去为起点的将来时态—would+动词原形。
6.【答案】A【解析】句意:门上钉了一个便条,上面写着商店何时再开门的字样。
7.【答案】B【解析】横线后介词like缺宾语,表示物,选what。
Which必须是“在…范围中的一个”时可选。
A,D两项均为副词,不符要求。
8.【答案】D【解析】上句“Anne明天来吗?下句横线后的提示:如果她来的话,她会给我打电话的。
所以选D:我认为她不会来的。
A项:好吧,行,可以;B项:当然C项:对了。
都不符合句意。
9.【答案】C【解析】此处,company 与employ之间为主动关系,故排除AB两项,选C:to employ 做真正主语。
选D项employs 与it后的is产生两个谓语无连接词的杂糅结构。
10.【答案】B【解析】Whose表示…的;所以用“的”字带入法,句意通则选whose,不同换路子,即可解决。
2014年山东省高考语文试卷及答案【精校版】
绝密★启用并使用完毕前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文本试卷分第1卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共8页。
满分150分,考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、区县和科类填写在答题卡和卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第1卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,答案不能答在试卷上。
3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答.答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第1卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是A.湛.蓝/斟.酌崛.起/倔.脾气提.防/醍.醐灌顶B.跻.身/犄.角女红./彩虹.桥沟壑./豁.然开朗C.毛胚./胚.芽蒜薹./跆.拳道拙.劣/咄.咄逼人D.劲.敌/浸.渍咆哮./酵.母菌着.陆/着.手成春2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是A.缠绵梗概打寒噤震聋发聩B.扼守晋升伏卧撑杞人忧天C.滥觞脉博摇篮曲大快朵颐D.伛偻驯顺笑吟吟锄强扶弱3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是○1本报这次开展的讨论,受到了社会各界的普遍关注,稿件之多,范围之广,之强烈出乎意料。
○2有关领导在会议上强调,要重视秋冬季森林防火工作,一旦发现灾情,就要及时处置,严防火势。
○3这几年虽然很艰难,但我的付出没有白费,经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践,我练就了比较过硬的本领。
A.○1反映○2曼延○3总算B.○1反应○2蔓延○3总算C.○1反映○2蔓延○3终于D.○1反应○2曼延○3终于4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一句是A.严冬的夜晚,凛冽的北风从后窗缝里灌进来,常常把人们从睡梦中冻醒,让人不寒..而栗..。
2014年全国高考山东省数学(文)试卷及答案【精校版】
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)文科数学本试卷分第I卷和第II 卷两部分,共4页。
满分150分,考试用时120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:1. 答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2. 第I 卷每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如果改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号、答案写在试卷上无效。
3. 第II 卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置,不能写在试卷上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 填空题请直接填写答案,解答题应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
参考公式:如果事件A ,B 互斥,那么()()()P A B P A P B +=+第I卷(共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
(1) 已知,,a b R i ∈是虚数单位. 若a i +=2bi -,则2()a bi +=(A) 34i -(B) 34i + (C) 43i -(D) 43i +(2) 设集合2{|20},{|14}A x x x B x x =-<=≤≤,则A B =(A) (0,2](B) (1,2)(C) [1,2)(D) (1,4)(3)函数()f x =(A) (0,2)(B) (0,2](C) (2,)+∞(D) [2,)+∞(4) 用反证法证明命题:“设,a b 为实数,则方程30x ax b ++=至少有一个实根”时,要做的假设是(A) 方程30x ax b ++=没有实根(B) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有一个实根(C) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有两个实根 (D) 方程30x ax b ++=恰好有两个实根(5) 已知实数,x y 满足(01)x y a a a <<<, 则下列关系式恒成立的是 (A) 33x y >(B) sin sin x y >(C) 22ln(1)ln(1)x y +>+(D)221111x y >++ (6) 已知函数log ()(,0,1)a y x c a c a a =+>≠为常数,其中的图象如右图,则下列结论成立的是(A) 0,1a c >>(B) 1,01a c ><<(C) 01,1a c <<> (D) 01,01a c <<<<(7) 已知向量(1,3),(3,)a b m ==. 若向量,a b 的夹角为6π,则实数m =(A)(B)(C) 0(D)(8) 为了研究某药品的疗效,选取若干名志愿者进行临床试验,所有志愿者的舒张压数据(单位:kPa )的分组区间为[12,13),[13,14),[14,15),[15,16),[16,17],将其按从左到右的顺序分别编号为第一组,第二组,……,第五组,右图是根据试验数据制成的频率分布直方图。
2014年山东高考卷,含答案
绝密★启用并使用完毕前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文第1卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是A.湛.蓝/斟.酌崛.起/倔.脾气提.防/醍.醐灌顶B.跻.身/犄.角女红./彩虹.桥沟壑./豁.然开朗C.毛胚./胚.芽蒜薹./跆.拳道拙.劣/咄.咄逼人D.劲.敌/浸.渍咆哮./酵.母菌着.陆/着.手成春2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是A.缠绵梗概打寒噤震聋发聩B.扼守晋升伏卧撑杞人忧天C.滥觞脉博摇篮曲大快朵颐D.伛偻驯顺笑吟吟锄强扶弱3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是○1本报这次开展的讨论,受到了社会各界的普遍关注,稿件之多,范围之广,之强烈出乎意料。
○2有关领导在会议上强调,要重视秋冬季森林防火工作,一旦发现灾情,就要及时处臵,严防火势。
○3这几年虽然很艰难,但我的付出没有白费,经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践,我练就了比较过硬的本领。
A.○1反映○2曼延○3总算 B.○1反应○2蔓延○3总算C.○1反映○2蔓延○3终于 D.○1反应○2曼延○3终于4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一句是A.严冬的夜晚,凛冽的北风从后窗缝里灌进来,常常把人们从睡梦中冻醒,让人不寒而栗....。
B.这次军事演习,蓝军一度处于劣势,他们在关键时刻反戈一击....,才夺回了战场上的主动权。
C.在座谈会上,代表们结合实际情况,广开言路....,畅所欲言,为本地区的经济发展献计献策。
D.从文章风格看,《庄子》奇幻,《孟子》雄辩,《荀子》浑厚,《韩非子》峻峭,实在是各有千秋....。
5.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一句是A.这次招聘,一半以上的应聘者曾多年担任外资企业大中高层管理岗位,有较丰富的管理经验。
B.我父亲是建筑学家,许多人以为我母亲后来进入建筑领域,是受我父亲影响,其实不是这样的。
C.熟悉他的人都知道,生活中的他不像在银幕上那样,是个性格开朗外向、不拘小节的人。
2014年山东省高考文科数学真题及答案
2014年山东省高考文科数学真题及答案第I卷(共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
(1) 已知,,a b R i ∈是虚数单位. 若a i +=2bi -,则2()a bi +=(A) 34i - (B) 34i + (C) 43i - (D) 43i + (2) 设集合2{|20},{|14}A x x x B x x =-<=≤≤,则A B =(A) (0,2] (B) (1,2) (C) [1,2) (D) (1,4) (3)函数()f x =的定义域为(A) (0,2) (B) (0,2] (C) (2,)+∞ (D) [2,)+∞(4) 用反证法证明命题:“设,a b 为实数,则方程30x ax b ++=至少有一个实根”时,要做的假设是(A) 方程30x ax b ++=没有实根 (B) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有一个实根 (C) 方程30x ax b ++=至多有两个实根 (D) 方程30x ax b ++=恰好有两个实根(5) 已知实数,x y 满足(01)x y a a a <<<,则下列关系式恒成立的是 (A) 33x y > (B) sin sin x y > (C) 22ln(1)ln(1)x y +>+ (D)221111x y >++ (6) 已知函数log ()(,0,1)a y x c a c a a =+>≠为常数,其中的图象如右图,则下列结论成立的是(A) 0,1a c >> (B) 1,01a c ><< (C) 01,1a c <<> (D) 01,01a c <<<<(7) 已知向量(1,3),(3,)a b m ==. 若向量,a b 的夹角为6π,则实数m =(A) (C) 0 (D) (8) 为了研究某药品的疗效,选取若干名志愿者进行临床试验,所有志愿者的舒张压数据(单位:kPa )的分组区间为[12,13),[13,14),[14,15),[15,16),[16,17],将其按从左到右的顺序分别编号为第一组,第二组,……,第五组,右图是根据试验数据制成的频率分布直方图。
2014年山东省高考英语真题及答案
2014年山东省高考英语试卷第一部分英语知识运用(共两节, 满分55分)第一节单项选择(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)1. (1.5分)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time﹣consuming than we______. ()A. will expectB. are expectingC. expectD. had expected2.(1.5分)I don't really like the author, _______ I have to admit his books are very exciting.()A. althoughB. unlessC. untilD. once3. (1.5分)﹣This apple pie is too sweet, don't you think so?﹣_____.I think it's just right, actually.()A. Not reallyB. I hope soC. Sounds goodD. No wonder4. (1.5分)Susan made______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. ()A. thatB. thisC. itD. her5. (1.5分)They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs. ()A. boughtB. would buyC. have boughtD. had bought6. (1.5分)There is a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again. ()A. sayingB. saysC. saidD. having said7. (1.5分)It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. ()A. whereB. whatC. whichD. why8. (1.5分)﹣Is Anne coming tomorrow?﹣_____.If she were to come, she would have called me.()A. Go aheadB. CertainlyC. That's rightD. I don't think so9. (1.5分)It's standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer. ()A. employedB. being employedC. to employD. employs10. (1.5分)A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. ()A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. why第二节完型填空(共两篇;第一篇短文10小题, 每小题10分;第二篇短文20小题, 每小题1.5分;满分40分)11. (10分)There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One day a (11)walked in and the parrot said to the man, "Hey you!"The man said, "What!?"The parrot said, "Your (12)is really ugly. "The man got very (13)and went to the store owner and said, "Your bird just (14)my wife. It said she was ugly. "The owner stormed over, (15)the bird, took it into the"black room, "shook it a bit, (16)out a few feathers, and said, "Don't ever, ever say anything to (17)my customers again. You got that!!!"With that(18)he took the bird and put it back into its cage.The old bird shook out its (19)and relaxed in its cage.A couple of weeks (20)and in walked this guy and his wife again.The parrot said, "Hey you!"The guy said, "What!?"The parrot answered, "You know that."11. A. group B. team C. couple D. crowd12. A. wife B. sister C. mother D. daughter13. A. curious B. nervous C. guilty D. angry14. A. greeted B. puzzled C. offended D. scared15. A. hugged B. seized C. trained D. rescued16. A. sent B. handed C. pulled D. dug17. A. touch B. amuse C. cheat D. embarrass18. A. warning B. comment C. suggestion D. request19. A. eyes B. feathers C. fur D. skin20. A. lasted B. arrived C. appeared D. passed.12. (30分)Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family. While (21)her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an)(22)in medicine. At 18she married and (23) a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a (24). Her husband supported her decision.(25), Canadian medical schools did not(26)women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study (27)at the Women's Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to (28)her medical degree. Upon graduation, Charlotte (29)to Montreal and set up a private (30). Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a (31)doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timberand railway camps. Charlotte(32)herself operating on damaged limbs and setting(33)bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.But Charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had (34) a doctor's license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was (35). The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all﹣male board, wanted her to (36)her studies at a Canadian medical college!Charlotte refused to (37)her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appeared to the Manitoba Legislature to(38) a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte (39)to practice without a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.In 1993, 77years after her(40), a medical license was issued to Charlotte.This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor"this courageous and pioneering woman."21. A. raising B. teaching C. nursing D. missing22. A. habit B. interest C. opinion D. voice23. A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started24. A. doctor B. musician C. lawyer D. physicist25. A. Besides B. Unfortunately C. Otherwise D. Eventually26. A. hire B. entertain C. trust D. accept27. A. history B. physics C. medicine D. law28. A. improve B. save C. design D. earn29. A. returned B. escaped C. spread D. wandered30. A. school B. museum C. clinic D. lab31. A. busy B. wealthy C. greedy D. lucky32. A. helped B. found C. troubled D. imagined33. A. harmful B. tired C. broken D. weak34. A. put away B. taken over C. turned in D. applied for35. A. punished B. refused C. blamed D. fired36. A. display B. change C. preview D. complete37. A. leave B. charge C. test D. cure38. A. sell B. donate C. issue D. show39. A. continued B. promised C. pretended D. dreamed40. A. birth B. death C. wedding D. graduation.第二部分: 阅读理解(共25题, 每小题10分, 满分50分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.13. (10分)One morning, Ann's neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog. Ann said that she could watch it only for the day.Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400FOUND fliers(传单), and put them in mailboxes. Meanwhile, Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies, warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog. At the time, Ann's son Thomas was 10years old, and Jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21years old.Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call Riley. When she arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys'room where Ann found Jack suffering from a heart attack. Riley ran over to Jack, but as soon as Ann bent over to help him the dog went silent."If it hadn't come to get me, the doctor said Jack would have died, "Ann reported to a local newspaper. At this point, no one had called to claim the dog, so Ann decided to keep it.The next morning Tracy got a call. A man named Peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier. Tracy started crying, and told him, "That dog saved my friend's son. "Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog, and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.After a few moments Peter said, "Maybe Odie was supposed to find you, maybe you should keep it."41. What did Tracy do after finding the dog?A. She looked for its ownerB. She gave it to Ann as a gift.C. She sold it to the dollar store.D. She bought some food for it.42. How did the dog help save Jack?A. By breaking the door for Ann.B. By leading Ann to Jack's room.C. By dragging Jack out of the room.D. By attending Jack when Ann was out.43. What was Ann's attitude to the dog according to Paragraph 4?A. SympatheticB. DoubtfulC. TolerantD. Grateful44. For what purpose did Peter call Tracy?A. To help her friend's son.B. To interview TracyC. To take back his dog.D. To return the flier to her.45. What can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph?A. It would be given to Odie.B. It would be kept by Ann'family.C. It would be returned to Peter.D. It would be taken away by Tracy.14. (10分)It was one of those terribly hot days in Baltimore. Needless to say, it was too hot to do anything outside. But it was also scorching in our apartment. This was 1962, and I would not live in a place with an air conditioner for another ten years. So my brother and I decided to leave the apartment to find someplace indoors. He suggested we could see a movie. It was a brilliant plan.Movie theaters were one of the few places you could sit all day and﹣most important ﹣sit in air conditioning. In those days, you could buy one ticket and sit through two movies. Then, the theater would show the same two movies again. If you wanted to, you could sit through them twice. Most people did not do that, but the manager at our theater. Mr. Bellow did not mind if you did.That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat. We bought three bags of popcorn and three sodas each. Then, we sat and watched The Music Man followed by The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance. We'd already seen the second movie once before. It had been at the theater since January, because Mr. Bellow loved anything with John Wayne in it.We left the theater around 8, just before the evening shows began. But we returned the next day and saw the same two movies again, twice more. And we did it the next day too. Finally, on the fourth day, the heat wave broke.Still, to this day I can sing half the songs in The Music Man and recite half of John Wayne and Jimmy Stewart's dialogue from The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance!Those memories are some of the few I have of the heat wave of 1962.They're really memories of the screen, not memories of my life.46. In which year did the author first live in a place with an air conditioner?A.1952B.1962C.1972D.198247. What does the underlined word"It"in Paragraph 3refer to?A. The heatB. The theater.C. The Music ManD. The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance48. What do we know about Mr. Bellow?A. He loved children very much.B. He was a fan of John Wayne.C. He sold air conditioners.D. He was a movie star.49. Why did the author and his/her brother see the same movies several times?A. The two movies were really wonderful.B. They wanted to avoid the heat outside.C. The manager of the theater was friendly.D. They liked the popcorn and the soda at the theater.50. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The author turned out to be a great singer.B. The author enjoyed the heat wave of 1962.C. The author's life has been changed by the two movies.D. The author considers the experience at the theater unforgettable.15. (10分)Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as"Mumbet"or"Mum Bett. "For nearly 30years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley's wife tried to strike Mumbet's sister with a spade. Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued(起诉)for her freedom.While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom ﹣﹣﹣﹣the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution. Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and workfor them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants(后裔). One of her great﹣grandchildren was W. E. B. Du Bois, one of the founder of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights. Mumbet's tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried.It reads, in part:"She was born a slave and remained a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years.She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal."51. What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?A. She was born a slaveB. She was a slaveholderC. She had a famous sisterD. She was born into a rich family52. Why did Mumbet run away from the Ashleys?A. She found an employerB. She wanted to be a lawyerC. She was hit and got angryD. She had to take care of her sister53. What did Mumbet learn from discussions about the new consititution?A. She should always obey her owners'ordersB. She should be as free and equal as whitesC. How to be a good servantD. How to apply for a job54. What did Mumbet do after the trial?A. She chose to work for a lawyerB. She found the NAACPC. She continued to serve the AshleysD. She went to live with her grandchildren55. What is the test mainly about?A. A story of a famous writer and spokespersonB. The friendship between a lawyer and a slaveC. The life of a brave African American womanD. A trial that shocked the whole world.16.(12分)How fit are your teeth?Are you lazy about brushing them?Never fear: An inventor is on the case.An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush, and it lets you track your performance on your phone.The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the International Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week. It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection.The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right (don't forget the insides of the teeth!)and make sure you're brushing long enough. "It's kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day﹣to﹣day basis, "says Thomas Serval, the French inventor.The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other applications on your phone, so developers could, for instance, create a game controlled by your toothbrush. You could score points for beating monsters among your teeth. "We try to make it smart but also fun, "Several says.Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father. He would come home from work and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth. They said"yes, "but Serval would find their toothbrush heads dry. He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed.The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer, for 99to199, developing on features. The U. S. is the first target market.Serval says that one day, it'll be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera.The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush.56. Which is one of the feature of the Kolibree toothbrush?A. It can sense how users brush their teeth.B. It can track users'school performance.C. It can detect users'fear of seeing a dentist.D. It can help users find their phones.57. What can we learn from Serval's words in Paragraph 3?A. You will find it enjoyable to see a dentist.B. You should see your dentist on a day﹣to﹣day basis.C. You can brush with the Kolibree as if guided by a dentist.D. You'd like a dentist to watch you brush your teeth every day.58. Which of the following might make the Kolibree toothbrush fun?A. It can be used to update mobile phones.B. It can be used to play mobile phone gamesC. It can send messages to other usersD. It can talk to its developers.59. What is Paragraph 5mainly about?A. How Serval found out his kids lied to him.B. Why Serval thought brushing teeth was necessary.C. How Serval taught his kids to brush their teeth.D. What inspired Serval to invent the toothbrush60. What can we infer about Serval's children?A. They were unwilling to brush their teethB. They often failed to clean their toothbrushes.C. They preferred to use a toothbrush with a dry head.D. They liked brushing their teeth after Serval came home.61. What can we learn about the future development of the Kolibree?A. The brush handle will be removed.B. A mobile phone will be built into it.C. It will be used to fill holes in teethD. It will be able to check users'teeth.17.(8分)The kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes.They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud.They have no school.Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.The key to their success: 20tablet computers(平板电脑)dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U. S. group called One Laptop Per Child.The goal is to find out whether kids using today's new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say they're already amazed. "What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten, "said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.The fastest learner﹣and the first to turn on one of the tablets﹣is 8﹣year﹣old Kelbesa Negusse. The device's camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.With his tablet, Kelbasa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. "Seven months ago he didn't know any English. That's unbelievable, "said Keller.The project aims to get kids to a stage called"deep reading, "where they can read to learn.It won't be in Amharic, Ethiopia's first language, but in English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.62. How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?A. It trains teachers for them.B. It contributes to their self﹣study.C. It helps raise their living standards.D. It provides funds for building schools.63. What can we infer from Keller's words in Paragraph 3?A. They need more time to analyze data.B. More children are needed for the research.C. He is confident about the future of the project.D. The research should be carried out in kindergartens.64. It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could.A. learn English words quickly.B. draw pictures of animals.C. write letters to researchers.D. make phone calls to his friends.65. What is the aim of the project?A. To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.B. To make Amharic widely used in the world.C. To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.D. To assist Ethiopians in learning their first language.第三部分书面表达(共两节, 满分45分)第一节: 阅读表达(共1小题;每小题15分, 满分15分)19. (15分)阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题, 然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的字数要求).[1]Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen in real terms so that it is cheaper than ever to own one, and better road conditions have also attracted more drivers. The result is overcrowding on the road system, which is one of the problems the local governments are faced with. [2]When people travel to other towns, the problem might be relieved by getting them to park outside the town. Buses could be provided to take them into the centre. These Park and Ride projects are increasingly popular in the UK. At Southerton, for example, a council﹣funded project led to a 15% drop in city centre traffic over five months.[3]What the council found, though, was that the project proved somewhat unpopular with shop owners in the area outside the centre.Many of their shops relied on passing car drivers for some of their trade.As the number of people driving past dropped, so did their incomes.[4]Making car driving expensive is another way of . Road taxes tend to mean that people use their cars less. Fining drivers who are in areas where cars have been banned can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.[5]However, one thing has to be got right for any solution to succeed.Ifwe expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely on.Constant delays, unannounced changes to the timetable and sudden cancellations all discourage people from using public transport.People will only see it as a real choice if the buses and trains are on time.66. What causes overcrowding on the road system according to Paragraph 1?(no more than 12words)67. What should people do when traveling to other towns according to the Park and Ride projects?(no more than 10words)68. Why were some shop owners unhappy about the project?(no more than 10words)69. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4. (no more than 8words)70. Why are people unwilling to use public transport according to Paragraph 5?(no more than 8words).第二节: 写作(满分30分)20.(30分)某英文报社组织题为"我喜欢的英语谚语"征文活动, 你有意参加.请从下面两句谚语中任选一句作为标题写一篇英语作文, 内容须包括: (1)该谚语的含义;(2)体现该谚语含义的个人经历.①A friend in need is a friend indeed.②Where there's a will, there's a way.注意:(1)词数: 120﹣150;(2)文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称.参考词汇:谚语proverb.2014年山东省高考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析第一部分英语知识运用(共两节, 满分55分)第一节单项选择(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)1. (1.5分)(2014•山东)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time﹣consuming than we______. ()A. will expectB. are expectingC. expectD. had expected【分析】用手写所有的请柬比我们预期的更耗费时间.【解答】答案: D根据句意可知, 用手写请柬是发生在过去的动作, 而expect(预期)这一动作是发生在写请柬之前, 所以此处表示发生在过去之前的动作, 因此要使用过去完成时;故选D2. (1.5分)(2014•山东)I don't really like the author, _______ I have to admit his books are very exciting. ()A. althoughB. unlessC. untilD. once【分析】(尽管)我不喜欢作者, 但我不得不承认他的书(写得)很精彩.【解答】答案:A although尽管;unless除非;until直到;once一旦.题干表示的是转折关系, 只有although表示尽管/虽然…但是…, 故选A.3. (1.5分)(2014•山东)﹣This apple pie is too sweet, don't you think so?﹣_____.I think it's just right, actually.()A. Not reallyB. I hope soC. Sounds goodD. No wonder【分析】﹣﹣﹣这苹果饼太甜了, 你觉得呢?﹣﹣﹣不见得吧, 实际上, 我觉得它(口味)刚刚好.【解答】答案A.B项"我希望如此";C项"听起来不错";D项"难怪";A项"不, 不见得, 不是这样";根据句子"I think it's just right, actually"可知, 说话者认为这个苹果饼甜度刚刚好, 所以答语中表示不同意, 因此A项符合语境, 故选A.4. (1.5分)(2014•山东)Susan made______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. ()A. thatB. thisC. itD. her【分析】Susan向我表明她希望能过上新的生活.【解答】答案C.这是一个宾语从句, make的宾语是that引导的句子, 在本句中用it做形式宾语代指that引导的宾语从句.句意为:Susan向我表明她希望能过上新的生活.故选C.5. (1.5分)(2014•山东)They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs. ()A. boughtB. would buyC. have boughtD. had bought【分析】他们决定只要Larry换了工作他们就买新房子.【解答】答案B.once引导的是条件状语从句, 根据主句将来时从句一般现在时的用法可知, 从句一般过去时, 主句应是一般将来时的过去时.句意为:他们打算只要Larry换了工作他们就买新房子.故选B.6. (1.5分)(2014•山东)There is a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again. ()A. sayingB. saysC. saidD. having said【分析】门上钉着张纸条, 写着这家商店什么时候再营业.【解答】答案;A.在这个句子中note和say是主动关系, 所以要用saying.此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语.故答案选A.pinned to the door为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 a note,7. (1.5分)(2014•山东)It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. ()A. whereB. whatC. whichD. why【分析】很难想象古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的.【解答】答案B.imagine后面接了一个宾语从句, 从句中"life was like…"介词like(像…)缺少宾语, 再由语境可推断句意:很难想象古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的.结合what 在宾语从句中可以作主语, 宾语, 或者表语.翻译为"什么"或者"所…的", 故选B.8. (1.5分)(2014•山东)﹣Is Anne coming tomorrow?﹣_____.If she were to come, she would have called me.()A. Go aheadB. CertainlyC. That's rightD. I don't think so【分析】﹣Anne明天来吗?﹣我想她不会来. 如果她想来就会给我打电话了.【解答】答案D.A项"继续, 可以";B项"当然";C项"好吧";D项"我不这样认为";由答语中的"If she were to come, she would have called me."可知, Anne没有给说话者打电话, 是对过去情况的虚拟, 由此可推知, 说话者认为Anne明天不会来.故选D.9. (1.5分)(2014•山东)It's standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer. ()A. employedB. being employedC. to employD. employs【分析】对于这样的一家公司, 雇佣保安(时), 这是一种标准(考核)流程.【解答】答案: C本题考查动词不等式作真实主语, 用it来充当形式主语的用法.常用结构是:it+形容词/名词+for sb to do sth.故选C.10. (1.5分)(2014•山东)A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. ()A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. why【分析】在国内市场利润减少的公司可能会寻求国外发展的机会.【解答】答案B.这是一个定语从句, a company 是先行词, profit和 a company是所属关系(作profit的定语), 所以要用关系代词whose.句意为:在国内市场利润减少的公司可能会寻求国外发展的机会.故答案选B.第二节完型填空(共两篇;第一篇短文10小题, 每小题10分;第二篇短文20小题, 每小题1.5分;满分40分)11. (10分)(2014•山东)There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One daya (11)C walked in and the parrot said to the man, "Hey you!"The man said, "What!?"The parrot said, "Your (12)A is really ugly. "The man got very (13)D and went to the store owner and said, "Your bird just (14)C my wife. It said she was ugly. "The owner stormed over, (15)B the bird, took it into the"black room, "shook it a bit, (16)C out a few feathers, and said, "Don't ever, ever say anything to (17)D my customers again. You got that!!!"With that(18)A he took the bird and put it back into its cage.The old bird shook out its (19)B and relaxed in its cage.A couple of weeks (20)D and in walked this guy and his wife again.The parrot said, "Hey you!"The guy said, "What!?"The parrot answered, "You know that."11. A. group B. team C. couple D. crowd12. A. wife B. sister C. mother D. daughter13. A. curious B. nervous C. guilty D. angry14. A. greeted B. puzzled C. offended D. scared15. A. hugged B. seized C. trained D. rescued16. A. sent B. handed C. pulled D. dug17. A. touch B. amuse C. cheat D. embarrass18. A. warning B. comment C. suggestion D. request19. A. eyes B. feathers C. fur D. skin20. A. lasted B. arrived C. appeared D. passed.【分析】本文讲述的是发生在宠物店里的小幽默故事. 当一对夫妻来到一家宠物店时, 店里的一只鹦鹉冒犯了妻子, 说她很难看. 丈夫很生气, 便告诉了店老板, 老板惩罚并警告鹦鹉让它记住不能再说让顾客尴尬的话, 并且反问它: "你懂的了哈?!"结果几周后, 夫妻俩又来到店里, 鹦鹉对丈夫说, "你懂的. "【解答】答案:11 C 名词词义辨析根据下文提到的"The man"以及"my wife"可知, 这里指的应是一对夫妻来到了这家宠物店;故选C12 A 名词词义辨析根据下文"…my wife. It said she was ugly我的妻子, 它说她很丑"可知, 这里鹦鹉说的应是"你的妻子真地很丑";故选A13 D 形容词词义辨析根据上文鹦鹉说了他的妻子真地很丑可以猜出, 这个人应该很生气;故选D14 C 动词词义辨析结合上文可知, 鹦鹉评论他的妻子很丑, 这应是对他妻子的冒犯;C. offended 得罪, 冒犯;D. scared 使害怕;故选C15 B 动词词义辨析根据上文店老板听到顾客告状, 于是冲了过来以及下文took it into the"black room": 把它关进"黑屋子"可知, 此处应该是店老板抓住了鹦鹉;A. 拥抱; B. 抓住;C. 训练;D. 营救;故选B16 C 动词词义辨析根据上文店老板抓住鹦鹉并使劲晃它可知, 此处应表示鹦鹉被拔掉几根羽毛;A. 派送;B. 分发;C. 拔掉, 抽出;D. 挖出;故选C 17 D 动词词义辨析根据上文那位顾客对店老板说的话"Your bird just (14)offended my wife. It said she was ugly. 你的鸟刚刚冒犯了我的妻子, 它说她真地很丑"可知, 当时那两位顾客一定会很尴尬;故此处应是老板警告鹦鹉以后绝对不能再说使顾客尴尬的话了;故选D18 A 名词词义辨析根据上文作老板对鹦鹉训斥话可知, 此处应指老板一边警告着鹦鹉一边把它放回笼子里; A. 警告;B. 评价, 评论;C. 建议;D. 要求;选A19 B 名词词义辨析根据上文提到"(15)seized the bird…shook it a bit, (16)pulled out a few feathers"店老板抓住鸟…使劲晃它, 拔掉了几根羽毛, 可知这里指他把鸟放回笼子, 鸟抖了抖羽毛;故选B20 D 动词词义辨析根据下文可知, 此处应表示几个星期过去了, 那对夫妻又来到了这家店里;故选D.12. (30分)(2014•山东)Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family. While (21)C her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an)(22)B in medicine. At 18she married and (23)D a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a (24)A. Her husband supported her decision.(25)B, Canadian medical schools did not(26)D women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study (27)C at the Women's Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to (28)D her medical degree. Upon graduation, Charlotte (29)A to Montreal and set up a private (30)C. Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a (31)A doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte(32)B herself operating on。
2014年高考真题山东卷,有详解
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (山东卷)理科综合 物理试题(110分/300分)第Ⅰ卷(必做,共42分)二、选择题(本题包括7小题,每小题给出四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分)14.(2014山东高考14)如图,用两根等长轻绳将木板悬挂在竖直木桩上等高的两点,制成一简易秋千,某次维修时将两轻绳各剪去一小段,但仍能保持等长且悬挂点不变。
木板静止时,1F 表示木板所受合力的大小,2F 表示单根轻绳对木板拉力的大小,则维修后 A .1F 不变,2F 变大 B .1F 不变,2F 变小 C .1F 变大,2F 变大 D .1F 变小,2F 变小14、【答案】A【解析】木板静止,所受合力为零,所以F 1不变,将两轻绳各减去一小段,木板再次静止,两绳之间的夹角变大,木板重力沿绳方向的分力变大,故F 2变大,正确选项B 。
15、(2014山东高考15)一质点在外力作用下做直线运动,其速度v 随时间t 变化的图像如图。
在图中标出的时刻中,质点所受合外力的方向与速度方向相同的有A .1tB .2tC .3tD .4t15、【答案】AC【解析】当物体做加速运动时,加速度的方向和速度方向相同,合外力的方向与加速度的方向相同,图中t 1和t 3时刻质点所受合外力的方向与速度方向相同,正确选项AC 。
16.(2014山东高考16)如图,一端接有定值电阻的平行金属轨道固定在水平面内,通有恒定电流的长直绝缘导线垂直并紧靠轨道固定,导体棒与轨道垂直且接触良好。
在向右匀速通过N M 、两区的过程中,导体棒所受安培力分别用M F 、N F 表示。
不计轨道电阻,以下叙述正确的是A .M F 向右B .N F 向左C .M F 逐渐增大D .N F 逐渐减小16、【答案】BCD【解析】由安培定则可知,通电导线在M 、N 区产生的磁场方向分别为垂直纸面向外、垂直纸面向里,导体棒向右通过M 区时,由右手定则可知产生的电流方向向下,由左手定则可知,F M 向左,同理可以判断,F N 向左,越靠近通电导线磁场越强,导体棒匀速运动,由==EE BLV IF BIL R、=、可知,F M 逐渐增大,,F N 逐渐减小,正确选项BCD 。
山东高考语文试卷2014(含答案)
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文档下载后可定制随意修改,请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料,如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等,如想了解不同资料格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copy excerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!专业课原理概述部分一、选择题(每题1分,共5分)1. 下列哪项不是文言文阅读理解的基本技巧?A. 重视,明确文体B. 留心“对、当、即、便是”等标志词C. 重视文中和选项中的文言实词D. 假设自己是作者,还原作者的本意2. 下列哪一项不是诗歌鉴赏的主要方法?A. 关注,明确内容和情感B. 关注作者,知人论世多关联C. 关注注释隐含意D. 关注题干,明方向求照应3. 下列哪一项不是现代文阅读理解的基本技巧?A. 理解文意,概括要点B. 分析文章结构,把握文章思路C. 理解词语在文中的含义和作用D. 假设自己是作者,还原作者的本意4. 下列哪一项不是作文写作的基本技巧?A. 明确文章的中心论点B. 合理安排文章的结构C. 运用恰当的修辞手法D. 重视文中和选项中的文言实词5. 下列哪一项不是文言文翻译的基本方法?A. 留B. 删C. 补D. 换二、判断题(每题1分,共5分)1. 文言文阅读理解的基本技巧包括重视,明确文体。
2014年高考(山东卷)及答案
2014年高考(山东卷)及答案2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)及答案语文本试卷分第1卷和第卷两部分,共8页。
满分150分,考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第1卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是A.湛蓝/斟酌崛起/倔脾气提防/醍醐灌顶B.跻身/犄角女红/彩虹桥沟壑/豁然开朗C.毛胚/胚芽蒜薹/跆拳道拙劣/咄咄逼人D.劲敌/浸渍咆哮/酵母菌着陆/着手成春2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是A.缠绵梗概打寒噤震聋发聩B.扼守晋升伏卧撑杞人忧天C.滥觞脉博摇篮曲大快朵颐D.伛偻驯顺笑吟吟锄强扶弱3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是1本报这次开展的讨论,受到了社会各界的普遍,稿件之多,范围之广,之强烈出乎意料。
2有关领导在会议上强调,要重视秋冬季森林防火工作,一旦发现灾情,就要及时处置,严防火势。
3这几年虽然很艰难,但我的付出没有白费,经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践,我练就了比较过硬的本领。
A.1反映2曼延3总算B.1反应2蔓延3总算C.1反映2蔓延3终于D.1反应2曼延3终于4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一句是A.严冬的夜晚,凛冽的北风从后窗缝里灌进来,常常把人们从睡梦中冻醒,让人不寒而栗。
B.这次军事演习,蓝军一度处于劣势,他们在关键时刻反戈一击,才夺回了战场上的主动权。
C.在座谈会上,代表们结合实际情况,广开言路,畅所欲言,为本地区的经济发展献计献策。
D.从文章风格看,《庄子》奇幻,《孟子》雄辩,《荀子》浑厚,《韩非子》峻峭,实在是各有千秋。
5.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一句是A.这次招聘,一半以上的应聘者曾多年担任外资企业大中高层管理岗位,有较丰富的管理经验。
B.我父亲是建筑学家,许多人以为我母亲后来进入建筑领域,是受我父亲影响,其实不是这样的。
C.熟悉他的人都知道,生活中的他不像在银幕上那样,是个性格开朗外向、不拘小节的人。
2014年山东高考理科数学试卷(带详解)
2014年高考山东卷理科数学真题一.选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,选择符合题目要求的选项。
1. 已知是虚数单位,若与互为共轭复数,则( )A. B. C. D.【测量目标】复数代数形式的四则运算.【考查方式】给出复数,结合共轭复数的特点,求出关于复数的代数运算.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】D【试题分析】因为与互为共轭复数,所以,所以,故选D.2.设集合则( )【测量目标】集合的基本运算(交集).【考查方式】考查了集合的表示法(描述法),求集合的交集.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】C【试题分析】根据已知得,集合,,所以,故选C.3. 函数的定义域为( )【测量目标】函数的定义域.【考查方式】由函数表达式,直接求出函数定义域.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】C【试题分析】根据题意得,解得,故选C.4. 用反证法证明命题“设则方程至少有一个实根”时要做的假设是( )A.方程没有实根B.方程至多有一个实根C.方程至多有两个实根D.方程恰好有两个实根【测量目标】命题的否定.【考查方式】给出一个命题,求出其否定命题.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】A【试题解析】“方程至少有一个实根”等价于“方程有一个实根或两个实根”,所以该命题的否定是“方程没有实根”.故选A.5. 已知实数满足,则下列关系式恒成立的是( )A. B. C. D.【测量目标】函数值的大小的比较.【考查方式】给出不同类型的函数进行大小比较.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】D【试题解析】因为,所以x>y,所以sin x>sin y,,都不一定正确,故选D.6.直线与曲线在第一象限内围成的封闭图形的面积为( )A. B. C.2 D.4【测量目标】定积分.【考查方式】通过直线与曲线的交点,求利用积分求封闭图形的面积.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】D【试题解析】直线y=4x与曲线y=x3在第一象限的交点坐标是(2,8),所以两者围成的封闭图形的面积为,故选D.7.为了研究某药厂的疗效,选取若干名志愿者进行临床试验,所有志愿者的舒张压数据(单位:)的分组区间为[12,13),[13,14),[14,15),[15,16), [16,17],将其按从左到右的顺序分别编号为第一组,第二组,…,第五组,如图是根据试验数据制成的频率分布直方图,已知第一组与第二组共有20人,第三组中没有疗效的有6人,则第三组中有疗效的人数为( )第7题图A. B. C. D.【测量目标】频率分布直方图.【考查方式】考查了根据频率分布直方图求解实际问题.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】C【试题解析】因为第一组与第二组一共有20人,并且根据图像知第一组与第二组的人数比是,所以第一组有.又因为第一组与第三组的人数比是,所以第三组一共有.因为第三组中没有疗效的有6人,所以第三组中有疗效的人数是18-6=12,故选C.8.已知函数,.若方程有两个不相等的实根,则实数k的取值范围是( )【测量目标】函数的图象与性质.【考查方式】画出函数图象,判断满足条件的未知系数的范围.【难易程度】中等【参考答案】B【试题解析】作出函数f(x)的图像,如图所示.若方程f(x)=g(x)有两个不相等的实数,则函数f(x),g(x)有两个交点,则,且,故选B.第8题图9.已知满足的约束条件当目标函数在该约束条件下取得最小值时,的最小值为( )A. B. C. D.【测量目标】二元线性规划求目标函数的最值.【考查方式】已知不等式组和目标函数的最小值,结合图形及二次函数的图象与性质求目标函数中未知参数关系式的最值.【难易程度】中等【参考答案】B【试题解析】画出约束条件表示的可行域(如图所示),显然,当目标函数过点A(2,1)时,z取得最小值,即,所以,所以,构造函数,利用二次函数求最值,显然函数的最小值是,即a2+b2的最小值为4,故选B.第9题图与的离心率之积为,则的渐10.已知,椭圆的方程为,双曲线的方程为,近线方程为( )A. B. C. D.【测量目标】椭圆与双曲线的简单几何性质.【考查方式】利用椭圆与双曲线的性质,将椭圆双曲线结合考查.【难易程度】中等【参考答案】A【试题解析】椭圆的离心率,双曲线的离心率.由,解得,所以,所以双曲线的渐近线方程是,故选A.二.填空题:本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分,答案须填在题中横线上.11. 执行如图的程序框图,若输入的值为1,则输出的的值为.第11题图【测量目标】循环结构程序框图.【考查方式】程序框图与一元二次不等式相结合进行考察.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】3【试题分析】x=1满足不等式,执行循环后,x=2,n=1;x=2满足不等式,执行循环后,x=3,n=2;x=3满足不等式,执行循环后,x=4,n=3;x=4不满足不等式,结束循环,输出的n的值为3.12. 在中,已知,当时,的面积为.【测量目标】三角函数求三角形面积.【考查方式】已知一角和边与三角函数关系式求三角形面积.【难易程度】容易【参考答案】【试题分析】因为,且,所以,所以的面积.13. 三棱锥中,分别为的中点,记三棱锥的体积为,的体积为,则.【测量目标】三棱锥的体积.【考查方式】由三棱锥的边的关系得出体积之比.【难易程度】中等【参考答案】【试题分析】如图所示,由于D,E分别是边PB与PC的中点,所以.又因为三棱锥与三棱锥的高长度相等,所以.第13题图14. 若的展开式中项的系数为20,则的最小值为.【测量目标】二项式定理.【考查方式】给出二项式某项的系数,利用二项式展开式的求含有未知参数的关系式最值.【难易程度】中等【参考答案】2【试题分析】,令,得,所以,即,所以,所以,当且仅当,且时,等号成立.故的最小值是215已知函数,对函数,定义关于的“对称函数”为函数,满足:对任意,两个点关于点对称,若是关于的“对称函数”,且恒成立,则实数的取值范围是.【测量目标】函数概念的新定义.【考查方式】给出对称函数的定义,利用圆与直线的相切,求未知数的范围.【难易程度】中等【参考答案】【试题分析】g(x)的图象表示圆的一部分,即.当直线与半圆相切时,满足,根据圆心(0,0)到直线的距离是圆的半径求得,解得或(舍去),要使恒成立,则,即实数b的取值范围是.三.解答题:本大题共6小题,共75分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
2014年山东省高考地理试卷(附参考答案)
2014年山东省普通高等学校招生统一考试地理试卷一、选择题改革开放后,随着我国社会经济的发展,人口迁移日趋频繁.完成1﹣2题.1.(4分)如图为2012年我国部分省级行政区户籍人口和常住人口数量统计图,该图可以反映人口迁移情况.图中①②③④对应的省级行政区最可能是()A.粤、豫、黔、沪B.豫、粤、黔、沪C.粤、豫、沪、黔D.豫、粤、沪、黔2.(4分)下列对当前人口迁出主要流向的表述与实际最相符的是()A.河北流向辽中南地区B.安徽流向京津地区C.湖南流向长三角地区D.广西流向珠三角地区如图为某个组团式城市布局图,各城区分散布局.完成3﹣4题.3.(4分)该城市的布局模式有利于()A.缩短居民出行距离B.改善城市生态环境C.加强各区之间联系D.节省基础设施投资4.(4分)该城市规划建设物流园区和化工园区,就分别安排在()A.①处和③处 B.①处和④处 C.②处和③处 D.②处和④处如图为我国某区域冬季某日8时至次日8时的降雪量和积雪深度分布图,该时段该区域风向主要为偏东风,云量分布差异不明显.完成5﹣7题.5.(4分)造成该区域东西部积雪深度差异的主要因素是()A.降雪量B.温度C.光照D.地形6.(4分)图中M地积雪深度低于周围地区,该地可能是()A.农田B.林地C.城区D.乡村7.(4分)道路积雪会影响交通,应用GPS技术可以()A.获取道路积雪影像数据B.解译积雪遥感影像C.分析道路积雪空间分布D.确定待救援车辆位置如图为甲地所在区域某时刻高空两个等压面P1和P2的空间分布示意图,图中甲、乙两地经度相同.完成8﹣10题.8.(4分)此时甲地近地面的风向为()A.东南风B.西南风C.东北风D.西北风9.(4分)此后,来自乙地的气团使甲地的天气发生明显变化.造成此次天气变化的天气系统是()A.气旋B.反气旋C.冷锋D.暖锋10.(4分)若该日甲、乙两地同时日出,则甲地该日()A.正午太阳高度达一年中最大 B.为冬至日C.日落时间为18时D.昼夜等长如图(a)为某班一次地理野外实习的观测点分布图,①﹣④为观测点编号.如图(b)为该班某小组在其中一个观测点所做的记录卡片.完成11﹣12题.11.(4分)根据图(b)中记录的信息判断,卡片中“观测点编号”应为图(a)中的()A.①B.②C.③D.④12.(4分)图(b)中地质剖面示意图所示沉积岩层由老到新顺序是()A.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ B.Ⅱ、Ⅰ、Ⅲ C.Ⅲ、Ⅰ、Ⅱ D.Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ十一、解答题13.(37分)阅读材料,回答问题.塞内加尔河是一条国际性河流,发源于素有“西非水塔”之称的富塔贾隆高原.该河中下游地区干湿季变化明显,水资源问题突出.如图为塞内加尔河流域及河口三角洲前缘的沙洲示意图.(1)说明富塔贾隆高原被称为“西非水塔”的原因.(2)沿海沙洲是海陆相互作用的产物.试推断三角洲前缘沙洲不断向南延伸的主要原因,并分析该沙洲对圣路易港的不利影响.(3)针对塞内加尔河中下游地区农业发展面临的水资源短缺问题,提出解决措施.14.(15分)阅读材料,回答问题.材料一20世纪90年代以来,中国逐步成为世界主要汽车企业投资的热点地区.现今,中国已超过美国,成为世界最大的汽车生产国.材料二吉林省是我国汽车工业大省.近年来,该省汽车工业规模不断扩大,部分配套零部件生产由长春市向周边地区转移,带动了周边地区汽车零部件生产企业的快速发展,形成了以长春市为核心的汽车工业“整零协作”模式.如图为长春市及其周边地区汽车工业空间体系图.(1)指出与美国相比,中国汽车工业发展的区位优势.(2)试分析汽车工业“整零协作”模式对长春市周边零部件生产地区的积极作用.选做部分[旅游地理]15.(10分)阅读材料,回答问题.室外滑雪作为一项体育与休闲娱乐项目,日益受到人们的喜爱.滑雪场的雪可来源于自然降雪和人工取水造雪.如图为我国南方某大型滑雪场地形和位置示意图.指出该滑雪场选址的有利条件.[自然灾害与防治]16.阅读材料,回答问题.三江源地区位于青海省南部,农业生产以草地畜牧业为主.20世纪50年代以来耕地面积比重增加.该地区是我国冰雹天气多发地区,但近60年来冰雹天气次数呈下降趋势,冰雹成灾次数却呈明显上升趋势.如图为三江源地区1950﹣2011年各月雹灾累积次数统计图.(1)简述三江源地区冰雹灾害的年内分布特征.(2)分析近60年来三江源地区冰雹成灾次数呈上升趋势的原因.[环境保护]17.阅读材料,回答问题.植被浅沟常布置在城市道路两侧、不透水地面的周边和大面积绿地内等处,可与城市雨水管网或集水池相连,其表面一般种草进行覆盖.如图为植被浅沟示意图.指出植被浅沟在资源利用和环境保护中的作用.2014年山东省高考地理试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题改革开放后,随着我国社会经济的发展,人口迁移日趋频繁.完成1﹣2题.1.(4分)如图为2012年我国部分省级行政区户籍人口和常住人口数量统计图,该图可以反映人口迁移情况.图中①②③④对应的省级行政区最可能是()A.粤、豫、黔、沪B.豫、粤、黔、沪C.粤、豫、沪、黔D.豫、粤、沪、黔【分析】人口迁移是多种因素共同作用下的一种有意识的行为,它是人类适应环境的表现,一般具有个人的主观决策性.其中,地区间经济发展水平的差别是造成人口迁移的主要原因.该题主要的是在图中分析出图中斜线左上的省份常住人口多于户籍人口,说明经济发达吸引人口迁入,多为沿海经济发达省份.【解答】解:分析坐标图,横坐标是户籍人口,纵坐标是常住人口。
2014山东高考数学(理)真题及详细答案
2014年高考山东卷理科数学真题及参考答案一.选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,选择符合题目要求的选项。
1.已知i R b a ,,∈是虚数单位,若i a -与bi +2互为共轭复数,则=+2)(bi a (A )i 45- (B) i 45+ (C) i 43- (D) i 43+答案:D解析:a i -与2bi +互为共轭复数,()()2222,124434a b a bi i i i i∴==∴+=+=++=+2.设集合},]2,0[,2{},21{∈==<-=x y y B x x A x则=B A(A) [0,2] (B) (1,3) (C) [1,3) (D) (1,4) 答案:C 解析:[][][)12212132,0,21,41,3x x x x y x y A B -<∴-<-<∴-<<=∈∴∈∴⋂=Q Q3.函数1)(log 1)(22-=x x f 的定义域为(A))210(, (B) )2(∞+,(C) ),2()210(+∞ , (D) )2[]210(∞+,, 答案:C解析:()22log 10x ->2log 1x ∴>或2log 1x ∴<-2x ∴> 或102x ∴<>。
4. 用反证法证明命题“设,,R b a ∈则方程02=++b ax x 至少有一个实根”时要做的假设是(A)方程02=++b ax x 没有实根 (B)方程02=++b ax x 至多有一个实根 (C)方程02=++b ax x 至多有两个实根 (D)方程02=++b ax x 恰好有两个实根 5.已知实数y x ,满足)10(<<<a a a yx,则下列关系式恒成立的是(A)111122+>+y x (B) )1ln()1ln(22+>+y x (C) y x sin sin > (D) 33y x > 答案:D 解析:,01x y a a a x y<<<∴>Q ,排除A,B ,对于C ,sin x 是周期函数,排除C 。
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绝密★启用并使用完毕前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)语文第1卷(共36分)一、(每小题3分,共15分)1.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是A.湛.蓝/斟.酌崛.起/倔.脾气提.防/醍.醐灌顶B.跻.身/犄.角女红./彩虹.桥沟壑./豁.然开朗C.毛胚./胚.芽蒜薹./跆.拳道拙.劣/咄.咄逼人D.劲.敌/浸.渍咆哮./酵.母菌着.陆/着.手成春2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是A.缠绵梗概打寒噤震聋发聩B.扼守晋升伏卧撑杞人忧天C.滥觞脉博摇篮曲大快朵颐D.伛偻驯顺笑吟吟锄强扶弱3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是○1本报这次开展的讨论,受到了社会各界的普遍关注,稿件之多,范围之广,之强烈出乎意料。
○2有关领导在会议上强调,要重视秋冬季森林防火工作,一旦发现灾情,就要及时处置,严防火势。
○3这几年虽然很艰难,但我的付出没有白费,经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践,我练就了比较过硬的本领。
A.○1反映○2曼延○3总算B.○1反应○2蔓延○3总算C.○1反映○2蔓延○3终于D.○1反应○2曼延○3终于4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用正确的一句是A.严冬的夜晚,凛冽的北风从后窗缝里灌进来,常常把人们从睡梦中冻醒,让人不寒而栗....。
B.这次军事演习,蓝军一度处于劣势,他们在关键时刻反戈一击....,才夺回了战场上的主动权。
C.在座谈会上,代表们结合实际情况,广开言路....,畅所欲言,为本地区的经济发展献计献策。
D.从文章风格看,《庄子》奇幻,《孟子》雄辩,《荀子》浑厚,《韩非子》峻峭,实在是各有千秋....。
5.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一句是A.这次招聘,一半以上的应聘者曾多年担任外资企业大中高层管理岗位,有较丰富的管理经验。
B.我父亲是建筑学家,许多人以为我母亲后来进入建筑领域,是受我父亲影响,其实不是这样的。
C.熟悉他的人都知道,生活中的他不像在银幕上那样,是个性格开朗外向、不拘小节的人。
D.近年来,随着房地产市场的发展和商品房价格的持续上涨,引起了有关部门的高度重视。
二、(每小题3分,共9分)阅读下面的文字,完成6~8题。
大家来到此地,都抱有求学研究之志,但我要告诉大家说:单是求知识,没有用处,除非赶紧注意自己的缺欠,调理自己的心理才行。
要回头看自己,从自己的心思心情上求其健全,这才算是真学问;若能如此,才算是真进步。
人类所以超过其他生物,因人类有一种优越力量,能变化外界,创造东西。
要有此改变外界的能力,必须本身不是机械的。
人类优长之处,即在其生命比其他物类少机械性。
这从何处见出呢?就是在于他能自觉;而更进步的,是在回头看自己时,能调理自己。
我们对外面的东西,都知道调理他,譬如我们种植花草,或养一个小猫小狗,更如教养小孩,如果我们爱惜她,就必须调理他。
又如自己的寝室,须使其清洁整齐,这也是一种调理。
我们对外界尚需要调理,则对自己而忘记调理,是不应该的。
不过调理自己与调理东西不甚一样,调理自己要注意心思与心情两方面。
心思方面最要紧的是要条理清楚。
凡说一句话,或作一篇文章,总要使其清楚明白。
如缺乏条理,徒增多知识是无用的,因为知识是要用调理来驾驭的。
至心思之清楚有条理,是与心情有关系的。
在心情不平时,心思不会清楚,所以调理心情是最根本的。
对心情应注意的有两点:一是懈,一是乱。
懈是一种顶不好的毛病,偶然懈一下,这事便做不好;常常散懈,则这人一毫用处没有。
在写文章时的苟且潦草敷衍对付,都是从懈来。
文章写得短不要紧,最不好是存苟偷心理。
一有这心理,便字不成字,话不成话,文不成文。
苟且随便从散懈心理来,干什么事都不成样儿。
乱是心情不平,常是像有点激动,内部失掉均衡和平,容易自己与自己冲突,容易与旁人冲突,使自己与环境总得不到一个合适的关系。
乱或暴乱,与散懈相反;散懈无力,暴乱初看似乎有力,其实一样的不行。
因其都是一种机械性,都无能力对付外面变化,改造环境。
然则如何可不陷于机械而变成一个有能力的人?这就要能自觉,不散懈,亦不暴乱,要调理自己,使心情平和有力,这是改变气质的根本功夫。
调理自己需要精神,如果精力不够时,可以休息。
在我们寻常言动时,绝不可有苟且随便的心情;而在做事的时候,尤须集中精力。
除非不说不做,一说一做,就必须集中精力,心气平稳的去说去做。
譬如写一篇文章,初上来心很乱,或初上来心气尚好,这时最好平心静气去想,不要苟且从事,如果一随便,就很难得成为一气。
所以我们的东西不要拿出则已,拿出来就要使他有力量。
诸同学中有的却肯用心思,但在写文章时,条理上还是不够,有随便苟且之意,字句让人不易看清楚。
有的同学还更差些。
这不是一件小事体,这是一个很要紧的根本所在。
(节选自梁漱溟《朝话》,有删改)6.下列对本文的主旨的概括,正确的一项是A.学会心理的调整,这才是真正的学问,才是真正的进步。
B.人类之所以超过其他生物,是因为比其他物类少机械性。
C.说话和写文章时,要想表达清楚明白,心思必须先有条理。
.D.调理自己的心情,使之平和有力,是改变气质的根本功夫。
7.根据文章,下列做法不属于“调理心情”的一项是A.备考要拟定周密的学习计划,拟定计划前要保持内心的平和安定。
B.教室黑板上方的墙壁上,张贴者“净”“静”“敬”“竞”四个大字。
C.写文章不急于下笔,先上网专心浏览,摘取相关精彩段落再加以组合。
D.学习遇到困难时,冷静思考,多方请教,寻找解决问题的新思路。
8.下列表述,不符合原文内容的一项是A.学会回头看自己,健全自己的心思心情,是求学的一个重要目的,这比学习知识更重要。
B.心思与心情是密切相关的,但两者有主次之分,要想调理心情,就得先调理自己的心情。
C.心情的暴乱与散懈,两者看似不同,但都能使我们陷于一种机械性,从而导致行事不顺。
D.调整心理,集中精力,心平气和,努力写出有力量的文章,这是一个很紧要的根本所在。
三、(每小题3分,共12分)阅读下面的文言文,完成9~12题。
詹鼎传[明]方孝孺詹鼎,字国器,台宁海人也。
其家素贱,父鬻饼市中,而舍.县之大家。
大家惟吴氏最豪贵,舍其家,生鼎。
鼎生六七年,不与.市中儿嬉敖,独喜游学馆,听人读书,归,輒能言诸生所诵。
吴氏爱之,谓其父令儿读书。
鼎欣然,其父独不肯,骂曰:“吾故市人家,生子而能业,吾业不废足矣,奈何从儒生游也?”然鼎每自课习,夜坐饼灶下,诵不休。
其父见其志不可夺.,遣之读书。
踰年,尽通其师所能,师辞之。
时吴氏家延.师儒,鼎就学,吴氏亦子育之,使学。
未数年,吴氏子无能与鼎谈者。
其师去,鼎遂为吴氏诸子师。
元末方国珍起海上,不能制,以重位授之。
国珍开府[注]庆元,求士为己用。
国珍闻鼎有才,以计擒之。
鼎为所获,无奈,因为之尽力,为其府都事,有廉名。
国珍弟平章事,有人犯法,属.鼎治,鼎论如法。
平章之妻受賕,请于鼎。
持不可,曰:“今方氏欲举大谋,当用天下贤士,一心守法,曷使妇人得预事乎?”不许。
妻怒,譖之,系鼎狱,半载乃释。
复起,为上虞制。
上虞与伪吴王张士诚地相错,军吏贵臣甚众,以鼎儒生,不习边事,稍违约。
鼎会众于庭,引一驿丞,责以不奉公,斩之。
在庭者皆股栗,膝行请罪,膝屈久不能起,乃罢。
后虽元帅、万夫长有所.陈说,皆长跪以.言,不敢举目视其面。
鼎临事有才,简牍满前,须臾而决。
至正末,我兵临庆元城下,国珍惧,乘楼船遁于海。
上怒,欲举兵诛之。
莫为计,鼎为草表谢,辞甚恭而辩。
上读表,曰:“孰谓方氏无人哉?是可以活其命矣。
”乃赦之,不问。
更以国珍为右丞,鼎亦召至京师。
时河南行省缺郎中,吏部请命鼎为之。
丞相曰:“吾同事,以鼎才不可使也。
”待半岁,除留守都卫经历,改刑部郎中、刑部佐僚。
未完,有司请除吏。
丞相曰:“刑部有詹鼎在,胜百辈。
”其.见称如此。
鼎在刑部,一以宽仁行法,威声不起,而人皆乐其不苛刻。
会大都督府受赂,除军吏。
事发,诬鼎有赃。
御史覆鼎,鼎言在留守时所养孤甥来省,恐有之,鼎诚不知。
御史曰:“法贵杀有名。
”卒诛鼎,与百余人皆死。
(选自《逊志斋集》,有删改)[注]开府:古代指高级官员成立府署,设置僚属。
9.对下列句子中加点词的解释,不正确的一项是A.而舍.县之大家舍:寄居B.其父见其志不可夺.夺:改变C.时吴氏家延.师儒延:迎接D.属.鼎治,鼎论如法属:交付10.下列各组句子中,加点词的意义和用法相同的一组是A.不与.市中儿嬉敖客亦知夫水与.月乎B.皆长跪以.言具告以.事C.后虽元帅、万夫长有所.陈说及其所.之既倦D.其.见称如此其.皆出于此乎11.以下六句话分别编为四组,全部属于体现詹鼎才能出众的一组是①輒能言诸生所诵②夜坐饼灶下,诵不休③为其府都事,有廉名④简牍满前,须臾而决⑤鼎为草表谢,辞甚恭而辩⑥刑部有詹鼎在,胜百辈。
A.①②⑤B. ①④⑥C.②③⑤D.③④⑥12.对原文有关内容的理解和分析,下列表述不正确的一项是A.詹鼎出身微贱,从小酷爱学习,开始遭到父亲的反对,但苦学不辍,使父亲的态度发生改变,又得到与吴氏诸子一同从师的机会,后来成为吴氏诸子的老师。
B.詹鼎被方国珍用计擒获,不得已做了方国珍府都事。
平章之妻受贿替人求情,詹鼎坚持秉公执法,后遭平章妻诬陷,身陷牢狱,半年后才被释放。
C.詹鼎在上虞时,军吏贵臣认为他不熟悉边防事务,多次违反纪律。
为整肃纪律,詹鼎以不奉公的罪名杀了一名驿丞,使部属人人畏惧,从而树立了权威。
D.詹鼎曾任上虞制、河南行省郎中、留守都卫经历、刑部郎中、刑部佐僚等职。
他在刑部任职时,适逢大都督府受贿案败露,被人诬陷贪赃,后被处死。
第Ⅱ卷(共114分)四、(24分)13.把文言文阅读材料中加横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
(10分)(1)吾故市人家,生子而能业,吾业不废足矣,奈何从儒生游也?(5分)(2)上读表,曰:“孰谓方氏无人哉?是可以活其命矣。
”乃赦之,不问。
(5分)14.阅读下面两首宋诗,回答问题。
(8分)寻诗两绝句陈与义楚酒困人三日醉,园花经雨百般红。
无人画出陈居士○1,亭角寻诗满袖风。
爱把山瓢○2莫笑侬,愁时引睡有奇功。
醒来推户寻诗去,乔木峥嵘明月中。
[注]○1居士:指文人雅士。
○2山瓢:天然粗陋的酒器。
(1)“园花经雨百般红”与“乔木峥嵘明月中”两句所描写的景色特点有何不同?请作简要分析。
(4分)(2)诗中“陈居士”的形象特点是什么?请结合两首诗加以分析。
(4分)15.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。
(6分)(1)总角之宴,。
信誓旦旦,不思其反。
(《诗经•氓》)(2),但愿长醉不复醒。
(李白《将进酒》)(3)无言独上西楼,月如钩,?(李煜《相见欢》)(4)策扶老以流憩,时矫首而遐观。
,鸟倦飞而知还。
(陶潜《归去来兮辞》)(5)其为人也,发愤忘食,,不知老之将至云尔。
(《论语•迷而》)(6)五亩之宅,,五十者可以衣帛矣。
(《孟子•寡人之于国也》)五、(12分)16.概括下面这段话的主要内容,不超过55字。