小学英语知识点形容词名师详解

小学英语知识点——形容词

形容词主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征、或属性，常用作定语，也可作表语、补语或状语。

形容词的位置：

代名形容词＋数量形容词＋性状形容词＋名词

再细分如下：

1放在冠词前的形容词(all，both，such...)＋2冠词、指示形容词、所有形容词、不定形容词(the，a，an，this，that，your，some，any...)＋3序数(first，second...)＋4基数(one，two...)＋5性质、状态(kind，fine，good...)＋6大小、长短、形状(large，small，big...)＋7新旧、温度(old，new，hot...)＋8颜色(red，blue...)＋9国籍(Chinese，English，Japanese...)＋10材料(iron，brick，stone...)＋11名词、动名词(boy，house...)

1.限定用法：形容词紧靠着〔代）名词，直接修饰该〔代）名词。

(1)前位修饰：

(A)字尾为en或表比较的形容词，大多只能作限定用法，放在名词的前面。

a wooden leg；earthen ware；his elder sister；the upper room，etc.

(B)下列这些形容词只有限定用法，没有叙述用法。

upper；former；latter；outer；inner；utmost；mere；only；utter；main；certain；very；live；spare；

(C)形容词前有so；no；too；how等字时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。

He could not do it in so short a time.

He is no less remarkable a man than his elder brother(is).

(2)后位修饰：

(A)名词之后的数词＋名词＋old；long；high；wide；deep；etc.

a man eighty-five years old；a river two hundred miles long；

(B)为加强语气或音调美，而将限定形容词放在后面。

He had a face thin and worn，but eager and resolute.

(C)something；anything；everyone；anybody...＋形容词。

I‘ll tell you something very important.

That’s nothing new.

D)由形容词子句省略主词和动词而不的过去（或现在）分词或形容词片语。

I have answered all the letters(which were)received(by me).

Alfred was a king anxious for his people‘s welfare.

2.叙述用法：形容词作补语，间接地修饰〔代）名词。

He was awake all the night.〔主词补语）

The noise kept me awake.〔受词补语）

注：可作限定用法和叙述用法的形容词。

I have many trustworthy friends.和All of my friends are trustworthy.

It was a hot and sultry day.和The weather became hot and sultry.

3.作补语的形容词：

(1)be＋形容词＋介系词：由此结合而成的片语，有些等于及物动词。

I am fond of skiing.=I like skiing.

He is afraid of it.=He fears it.

注：其他如：be capable of；be concerned with；be(un)familiar with(to)；be late for；be subject to；be worthy of；etc.

(2)某些已转化为形容词的过去分词，其后通常接at；about；with；in；of等介词。

John is interested in English grammar.

He was surprised at her behaviour.

(3)be＋形容词＋介系词：可接〔代）名词，动名词，或名词子句，但名词子句若是that子句须省略介词，因that子句不可直接作介词的受词。

She was not aware of the facts.

She was not aware(of)how much her husband earned.

She was not aware that there is danger.

(4)It+be＋形容词＋that子句

It is true that she never came.

此类形容词有：certain；likely；obvious；plain；possible；true；etc.

(A)that子句中的假设法。

It is appropriate that he(should)get the post.（should可省略〕

(B)人称形容词亦可接其他连接词引导的子句。

I’m not sure why he came.

I‘m not clear where she went.

4.有关worth；worth while；worthy的句型如下：

(A)主词(含it)+be worth+(动)名词

(B)It(虚主词)+be worth while+不定词或动名词

(C)主词+be worthy+of+(动)名词

主词+be worthy+不定词

his book is worth reading.(=It is worth while to read this book.=This book is worthy of reading.=This book is worthy to be read.)

5.like和as：like只能作介词不能作连接词；as则两者都可。

I hoped to succeed as you have(succeeded).

I hoped to succeed like you.