青少版新概念1A知识点总结
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1A知识点总结
一.词类
1.名词:
普通名词:mobile , coat, umbrella , camera , bicycle ,
key , dress, flower , pyjamas …
职业名词:student , teacher , accountant, photographer, policeman,
policewoman, postman, actor, actress, secretary , burg lar…
2.形容词:tall,short,old,new,young,fat,thin,handsome,beautiful,
pretty,small,big,clean,dirty,thick,thin,light,heavy,
empty,full,Early,late,shut,open,Strong,weak,ugly,long,
fast, slow, fresh, hungry, thirsty, hot, cold, dark, blonde,
little, expensive, cheap,
3.人称代词:
主I you he she it we you they
宾me you him her it us you them
形物代:my your his her its our your their
4.方位词和介词
a : 方位词:in on under in front of behind next to
near beside between
b : 介词:in用在季节,月份,年份,大地点。
On用在具体的日期前,在星期前
at 在…旁边,具体的时间点前,具体的地点前,
from 来自,从…到… , be from , come from , from…to
5.特殊疑问词:
(1)what 对“什么”提问,(2)where 对“地点, 哪里”提问
(3)which 对“哪一个”(4)who对“人”提问
(5)Whose对“谁的,形物代,名物代”提问(6)How old对“年龄”提问(7)What colour对“颜色”提问,(8)what nationality对“国籍”提问(9)What’s the matter with …? 对“…怎么样了”提问
(10)What time is it ?对“时间”提问,
(11)How many对“多少”提问(可数名词)
6. 名词变复数的变化规则:
(1)一般情况下直接加s
(2)以s, x, ch ,sh,结尾的加es, o结尾的有生命的加es ,无生命的加s,有两
个o结尾的也加s,例如:kangaroo--kangaroos
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的把y变为i 再加es,Cherry-cherries
(4)以元音字母加y结尾的加s , 例如:boys
(5)以f ,fe ,结尾的把f,fe,变为v再加es
Wife—wives shelf—shelves knife—knives
(6)不规则的特殊记
man–men,woman—men , policeman—policemen ,
policewoman-policewomen , this—these , that –those ,child—children 7. a ,an 的用法:
a用在辅音因素前,
an 用在元音音素前(不是元音字母)
8.名词所有格:人名+ ’s ,职业名词/ 名词+ ’s 表示“谁的”
例如:It’s Paul’s . It’s Lily ’s
It’s the doctor’s . It’s the boy ’s .
It’s the girl ’s .It’s the teacher’s .
二.句型
1.一般疑问句
(1)变一般疑问句:先看句中是否有be (am, is , are ) 和情态动词can , 如果含有be (am, is , are ) ,can ,直接把be (am, is , are ) ,can 提前
(2)如果没有be ,can , 要借助于助动词do或者does
2. 特殊疑问句,由“特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句”构成
特殊疑问词有:what ,where ,how,who,whose , which 等
3. 选择疑问句:由单词or (或者,还是)构成。
例如:Is she a teacher or a nurse ? -----She is a nurse.
4. There be 句型:
There be表示“有”,某处有某物
(1)There be 分为There is (单数和不可数),There are (复数)
(2)含有There be 的句子变一般疑问句,把be 提前,首字母大写,末尾加问号,如果遇到第一人陈,要变为第二人称。
结构式:Is/ Are there …?
肯定回答:Yes , there is/ are . 否定回答:No , there isn’t / aren’t (3)变否定句:直接在be 后加not ,
There is /are not …
5.Give + 宾格(宾语)+…
Give me / you / him / her / it / us / you / them a / an …