中考英语专题讲义：状语从句(带答案)

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知识梳理
知识点1：状语从句
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。

1.时间状语从句
(1) 时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。

例如：
It was raining hard when he got to school yesterday.
While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.
As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.
He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.
After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.
(2) 在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。

例如：
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New Y ork.
I will tell him everything when he comes back.
He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.
(3) 在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，
谓语动词只能用延续性动词。

如果主句用定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。

例如：
The young man read till the light went out.
Let’s wait until the rain stops.
We won’t start until Bob comes.
Don’t get off until the bus stops.
2. 条件状语从句
(1) 条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。

例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?
Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.
(2) 在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。

例如：I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.
He won’t be late unless he is ill.
(3) “祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。

例如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
Study hard and you will pass the exam.
=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
3. 原因状语从句
(1) 原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。

例如：He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.
Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.
(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。

Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。

回答由why提出的问
题，只能用because。

As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。

由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。

例如：------Why aren’t going there?
------Because I don’t want to.
As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.
Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

4. 结果状语从句
(1) 结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。

例如：He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.
She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.
My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.
(2) so…that语such...that可以互换。

在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。

其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。

例如：He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.
The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.
Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。

如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。

例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.
He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.
* 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。

例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.
=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.
It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.
=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.
(3) 如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。

例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.
5. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级+ than…等连词引导。

例如：Tom runs faster than John does.
This classroom is as big as that one.
6. 目的状语从句
(1) 目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that引导。

例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.
He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.
We used the computer in order that we might save time.
(2) so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。

区别这两种从句的办法有两个：
1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。

2) 从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。

例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)
Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest.(结果状语从句)
7. 让步状语从句
(1) 让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。

例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.
Although I am tired, I must go on working.
(2) although (though)不能用在同一个句子中。

例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.
应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out. 或It was raining hard, but he still went out.
8. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。

例如：Go where you like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
课堂小练
（）5. —What was the party like?
—Wonderful. It’s years __________I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after
B. before
C. when
D. since
( ) 6. You will be late ______________you leave immediately.
A. unless
B. until
C. if
D. or
( ) 7. We won’t give up ______________we should fail ten times.
A. although
B. since
C. whether
D. until
( ) 8. She doesn’t speak ____________her friend, but her written work is excellent.
A. as well as
B. so often as
C. so much as
D. as good as ( ) 9. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ______________.
A. will arrive
B. arrives
C. is arriving
D. is going to arrive ( ) 10. The volleyball mat ch will be put off if it _______________.
A. will rain
B. rains
C. rained
D. is raining
( ) 11. If city noises __________from increasing, people ___________shout to be heard even at the dinner table in 20 years from now.
A. are not kept; will have to
B. are not kept; have to
C. do not deep; will have to
D. do not deep; have to
( ) 12. As she _________the newspaper, Granny _________asleep.
A. read, was falling
B. was reading, fell
C. was reading, was falling
D. read, fell
( ) 13. Why not buy a cheaper one, _____________you don’t have enou gh money?
A. since
B. because
C. for
D. though
( 14. __________the rain has stopped, let’s continue to work.
A. For
B. Now that
C. That
D. Because
( ) 15. He must be ill ____________he looks so pale.
A. since
B. because
C. as
D. for
BAAAB BACCBC
课堂小结
课后复习
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
Happiness is important for everyone. Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Here is a story to help you.
Once a bird lived unhappily. So it traveled far away to look for its happiness. It flew and flew. Suddenly it saw a spider climbing up a wall. The spider fell off the wall halfway. But it kept climbing again and fell off again. Even so, the spider didn't give up. The little bird asked the spider in surprise. "Why don't you have pain but happiness on your face though you fail again and again?"
"Because I keep making my efforts. I'm happy." said the spider.
Then the little bird saw it happiness is a will in the heart.
The bird continued flying and saw a lame duck help a little duck who got lost to find the way back home. Although it was disabled, it had a smiling face.
"I'm happy because I can help others." said the lame duck. So the bird saw it happiness is a love in the heart.
The bird went on flying and suddenly saw a little dying flower, whose face was full of smile. The bird didn't know the reason. So it asked the little flower, "You're going to die. Why are you still so happy?" "Because my
dream will come true," said the little flower." What is your dream?" "To produce sweet fruit." The little bird saw it: happiness is a hope in the heart.
So the little bird no more looked for happiness because it had seen the truth happiness is not in the faraway place but in your own heart. You are the maker of your own happiness.
（1）Who never gave up though it failed again and again in this passage?
A.The bird.
B.The spider.
C.The flower.
D.The duck.
（2）Why is the little dying flower still so happy?
A.Because it often helps others.
B.Because it'll produce sour fruit.
C.Because it has a hope in the heart.
D.Because it keeps climbing up a wall.
（3）What can we know from the story?
A.The bird found happiness in its own heart.
B.The bird found happiness in the faraway place.
C.The bird didn't know where happiness was at last.
D.The lame duck wasn't happy because it had to help others.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Happiness is important for everyone.
B.Many people know how to find happiness.
C.We make happiness by ourselves.
D.The way to happiness is to have a dream, to help others and not to give up.
（5）The passage is mainly about.
A.will
B.hope
C.love
D.happiness
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文主要谈论了一个如何获得幸福的问题。

（1）细节题。

根据The spider fell off the wall halfway. But it kept climbing again and fell off again. Even so, the spider didn't give up 可知蜘蛛从不放弃，故选B。

（2）推理题。

根据"Because my dream will come true," said the little flower." What is your dream?" "To produce sweet fruit." The little bird saw it: happiness is a hope in the heart. 可知因为它心里有希望，故选C。

（3）推理题。

根据So the little bird no more looked for happiness because it had seen the truth happiness is not in the faraway place but in your own heart. You are the maker of your own happiness. 可知这只鸟在自己的心里找到了幸福，故选A。

（4）细节题。

根据but few know how to find happiness. 可知几乎没有人知道如何找到幸福，故B选项是错的，故选B。

（5）主旨题。

本文主要谈论了一个如何获得幸福的问题，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解
As a young woman，my mother worked in the kitchen of a large farm owned by Fanny Cratty. She was hardworking and had a special skill in making delicious strawberry jam.
Aunt Fanny was single and had no children. She didn't like to share love with others. I thought she was very lonely，although she didn't mind it. She had a workshop where my mother helped her make the best strawberry jam，and everyone in our town bought it. But aunt Fanny asked my mother not to tell the recipe(秘方) of making the strawberry jam to others.
When the strawberries were ripe，my family would pick them together. We talked and laughed，experiencing the fun of picking strawberries. But aunt Fanny never joined us. She just asked us to pick strawberries quickly and make more strawberry jam to make more money for her. Each person in our town said that she just paid attention to money rather than anything else. What a poor woman! It's no use having too much money because she had no family and friends to share her happiness during her lifetime.
Maybe it was the recipe that brought success to aunt Fanny. But to me，it was just a common recipe. Money can make you feel rich for a while，but it is the beautiful days spent with family and friends that truly make you rich.
（1）Who owns the recipe of making the best strawberry jam?
A.The writer's mother.
B.The writer.
C.Aunt Fanny.
D.Fanny's mother.
（2）Why do people in the town think aunt Fanny is poor?
A.Because she needed to work hard in her workshop.
B.Because she paid attention to nothing except money.
C.Because she had no close friends to shared her success.
D.Because she always thought of helping others rather than herself.
（3）—What does the last word “rich” mean in this passage?
—It means ________.
A.the success of making strawberry jam
B.having the recipe and much money
C.the happiness，one's family and friends
D.owning a big house and the large farm
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：作者的妈妈拥有一种特殊的制作美味草莓酱的技巧。

每年她帮助范妮姨妈做最好的草莓果酱，但范妮姨妈不让她把制作草莓酱的配方告诉别人。

镇上的每个人都说范妮姨妈只关注钱而不是其他的东西。

都认为她可怜，因为她没有家人和朋友在她的一生中分享她的幸福。

而作者认为使你真正富有的是与家人和朋友一起度过的美好时光。

是亲情与友情。

（1）A细节理解题。

根据短文中的句子“She was hardworking and had a special skill in making delicious strawberry jam.” 她很勤劳，有一种特殊的制作美味的草莓酱的技巧。

可知作者的妈妈拥有制作美味的草莓酱的食谱。

答案为A。

（2）C细节理解题。

根据短文中的句子“Each person in our town said that she just paid attention to money rather than anything else. What a poor woman!It's no use having too much money because she had no family and friends to share her happiness during her lifetime.”可知，除了钱之外他什么也不关注。

都认为她可怜，因为她没有家人和朋友在她的一生中分享她的幸福。

答案为C。

（3）C词意猜测题。

根据短文最后的句子“but it is the beautiful days spent with family and friends that truly make you rich.”使你真正富有的是与家人和朋友一起度过的美好时光。

故答案为C。

3．阅读理解
People in different countries speak different languages. But is there a language that can be understood by everyone in the world? If there is, the answer might be EMOJIS(表情符号).
Emojis are a kind of special language. Pictures are used to put meaning across. A group called the Unicode Consortium works on choosing emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014. They show what people think about and like.
Emojis can be used to represent(代表) different groups of people. In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones(肤色) were added. In 2016, different jobs were added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. This year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis of blind people and people in wheelchairs.
But there is also more to emojis. They can also refer to(指的是) pop culture and new cultural trends(潮流).
New emojis in 2019 also include several animals, such as sloths(树懒) and flamingos(火烈鸟). These animals are not very common, but are known to many people. For example, sloths have become popular because of the 2016 film Zootopia(《疯狂动物城》). Many fashion designers(设计师) have included flamingos in their designs in recent years. This animal makes people feel like they're on a vacation.
It seems that emojis are a mirror of the world we live in. It will be interesting to see how they change and grow in the years to come.
（1）Emojis use to express ideas.
A.music
B.sounds
C.words
D.pictures
（2）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The Unicode Consortium.
B.An emoji.
C.A country.
D.A language.
（3）In which year were emojis of disabled people added?
A.In 2014.
B.In 2015.
C.In 2016.
D.In 2019.
（4）According to the passage, emojis include the following EXCEPT .
A.people with different skin tones
B.popular films
C.some interesting animals
D.different jobs
（5）Which sentence is Not True according to the passage?
A.People all over the world might understand emojis.
B.Emojis can represent pop culture.
C.Many fashion designers used sloths in their works.
D.Emojis are changing and growing every year.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍表情符号的发展史和用途及意义。

（1）细节题。

根据Pictures are used to put meaning across.可知，表情符号通过图画来表达想法，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据A group called the Unicode Consortium works on choosing emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014.可知，it在这里指代the Unicode Consortium（统一编码组织），故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据This year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis of blind people and people in wheelchairs.可知，此处的this year指2019年，即是2019年残疾人被增加到表情符号中，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones(肤色) were added. In 2016, different jobs were added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. New emojis in 2019 also include several animals,可知，文
章提到了表情符号包括肤色，有趣的动物和不同的工作，但是未提到电影，故选B。

（5）细节题。

根据Many fashion designers(设计师) have included flamingos in their designs in recent years.可知，许多设计师在他们的作品里使用了火烈鸟，而不是树懒，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

细节题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题需要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

4．根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个正确答案。

A young couple decided to go camping in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage. They took with them all the things they would need to go camping—warm clothes, food and a tent.
They went up to the mountains and found the perfect place to set up their tent. After that, they decided to go for a hike(远足)to see more of the mountains.
After a long hike, they went back to their camp, built a fire and cooked dinner. Finally, it was time to go to sleep,
Sometime in the middle of the night, the wife woke her husband up and said, "Look up at the sky. What do you see?"
Her husband answered, "I see millions of stars."
His wife said, "That's right. What does that mean to you?"
The husband said, "Well, if there are so many stars out there, that means there might also be a planet just like the planet we live on: And if that's true, then there could be life on one of those planets, That's kind of exciting!"
His wife said, "You are wrong. It means that someone has stolen our tent!"
（1）The young couple went to the mountains to _____________.
A.go fishing
B.have a party
C.go camping
D.celebrate birthdays
（2）Before going hiking, they ______________.
A.built a fire
B.set up a tent
C.went to sleep
D.cooked dinner
（3）The husband could see ____________ in the sky.
A.many nice birds
B.lots of planes
C.some dark clouds
lions of stars
（4）The wife wanted to tell her husband _____________________.
A.someone stole their tent
B.the stars were beautiful
C.people lived on other planets
D.there was a planet like theirs
（5）The best title of the passage is "______________________".
A.A Boring Trip
B.A Great Planet
C.A Missing Tent
D.A Perfect Night
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了。

（1）细节题。

根据 A young couple decided to go camping in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage可知一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据They went up to the mountains and found the perfect place to set up their tent. After that, they decided to go for a hike(远足)to see more of the mountains 可知去远足之前，他们搭个帐篷，故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据Her husband answered, "I see millions of stars 可知丈夫看到数百万颗星星，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据It means that someone has stolen our tent 可知妻子想告诉丈夫有人偷了他们的帐篷，故选A。

（5）主旨题。

根据本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了可知A Missing Tent 适合做标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解
Black is at City Art Center
A Trip into a Young Farmer's Mind
Chickens that can talk? Cows that can dance? They are all in Louis Black's comic books(漫画书).
Louis Black was born on a farm. The quiet young man spent most of his life helping his parents on the farm.
When he was nine, he started to draw the animals on the farm. Later, he put them into his comic books in his own funny way. They were enjoyed by his family but never shown to people outside the farm.
The shy farmer's comic books became famous only after he died. He passed on in a fire three years ago, when he was only 35.In order to remember him, his family showed his comic books in the town museum, and people liked them very much. Now the original(原始的)pictures of Louis Black's farm animals can be seen at the City Art Centre for one month.
Come and visit the beautiful world of Louis Black！
（1）At what age did Louis begin to draw the animals on the farm?
A.At9.
B.At 13.
C.At23.
D.At 35.
（2）The underlined part "passed on" is the closest in meaning to "".
A.sat
B.rose
C.died
D.stood
（3）Which is the RIGHT order of what happened?
a. His books became popular.
b. His family enjoyed his books.
c. He passed on in a fire.
d. He started to draw animals.
e. He was born on a farm.
A.a-b-c-d-e
B.e-b-d-a-c
C.e-d-b-c-a
D.b-d-c-e-a
（4）What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To plan a trip to visit a farm.
B.To tell people about an art show.
C.To attract people to the farm.
D.To share ideas of drawing comic books.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个城市艺术节目。

（1）细节题。

根据When he was nine, he started to draw the animals on the farm.可知Louis9岁时开始在农场里画动物，故选A。

（2）细节题。

根据The shy farmer's comic books became famous only after he died.可知这位腼腆的农民死后，他的漫画书才出名，所以passed on意思是死亡，即died，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据第三段第一句Louis Black was born on a farm.可知e是第一个；根据第三段第三句When he was nine, he started to draw the animals on the farm.可知d是第二个；根据第三段第五句They were enjoyed by his family but never shown to people outside the farm.可知b是第三个；根据第四段第二句He passed on in a fire three years ago, when he was only 35.可知c是第四个；根据第四段第一句The shy farmer's comic books became famous only after he died.可知去世后农民的书变得著名的，所以a是第五个，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据全文可知主要讲了一个城市艺术节目，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。