《经济学人》双语阅读1.服装零售
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人_2
Surging living costs force Britons to work past retirement age生活成本飙升迫使英国人退休后继续工作The share of older UK workers planning to carry on working in their retirement has nearly doubled in two years due to rising living costs and insufficient pension savings, according to a survey from Abrdn.根据Abrdn的一项调查，由于生活成本上升和养老金储蓄不足，计划退休后继续工作的英国老年员工比例在两年内增加了近一倍。
The investment manager’s stark findings underscore the impact of soaring energy and food prices on household budgets, which is pressuring people’s finances as inflation hits a 30-year high.这家投资管理公司的严峻调查结果凸显出能源和食品价格飙升对家庭预算的影响。
随着通胀触及30年高点，家庭预算正给人们的财务状况带来压力。
Surveying people planning to retire in 2022, Abrdn found that 66 per cent respondents proposed to continue with some form of employment beyond retiring, up from just over 50 per cent in a similar study last year and just 34 per cent in 2020.Abrdn对计划2022年退休的人进行了调查，发现66%的受访者打算在退休后继续从事某种形式的工作，而在去年的一项类似研究中，这一比例略高于50%，而在2020年，这一比例仅为34%。
经济学人文章(四六级雅思精读素材)2020-08-27
The Economist August 29th 2020 Business 55Depending on whom you ask, Califor-nia is a leader in clean energy or a cau-tionary tale. Power outages in August prompted stern critiques from Republi-cans. “In California”, D onald Trump tweeted, “D emocrats have intentionally implemented rolling blackouts—forcing Americans in the dark.” In addition to pro-voking outrage and derision, however, the episode is also likely to inspire investment.The Golden State has long been Ameri-ca’s main testing ground for green compa-nies. Californians buy half of all electric cars sold in America. Theirs is the country’s largest solar market. As California deals with heat waves, fires and a goal of carbon-free electricity by 2045, the need for a reli-able grid is becoming ever more obvious.For years firms competed to generate clean power in California. Now a growing num-ber are vying to store and manage it, too. August’s blackouts have many causes,including poor planning, an unexpected lack of capacity and sweltering heat in not just California but nearby states from which it sometimes imports power. Long before the outages, however, electricity op-erators were anxious about capacity. Cali-fornia’s solar panels become less useful in the evening, when demand peaks. In No-vember state regulators mandated that utilities procure an additional 3.3 gigawatts (gw ) of capacity, including giant batteries that charge when energy is abundant and can sell electricity back to the grid.Too few such projects have come online to cope with the surge in demand for air-conditioning in the scorching summer. But more are sprouting across the state. On Au-gust 19th ls Power, an electricity firm backed by private equity, unveiled a 250-megawatt (mw ) storage project in San Die-go, the largest of its kind in America. In July the county of Monterey said Vistra Energy,a Texan power company, could build as much as 1.2gw of storage.The rooftop solar industry stands to benefit from a new Californian mandate that requires new homes to install panels on their roofs from this year. Sunrun, the market leader, is increasingly pairing such residential installations with batteries. In July, for instance, the company said it had won contracts with energy suppliers in the Bay Area to install 13mw of residential solar and batteries. These could supply power to residents in a blackout or feed power into the grid to help meet peak demand. Sunrunis so confident in its future that it has bid $3.2bn for Vivint Solar,its main rival.Another way to stave offoutages is to curb demand.Enel,a European power company,has contracts with local utilities to work with large commercial and indus-trial clients.When demand rises,Enel pays customers to reduce energy consumption,easing demand on the grid.A company called OhmConnect offers something sim-ilar for homeowners.Even as such offerings scale up,the need for reliability means that fossil fuels will not disappear just yet.On September 1st California’s regulators will vote on whether to delay the retirement of four natural-gas plants in light of the outages.The state remains intent on decarbonising its power system over the next 25years.But progress may not move in a straight line.7NEW YO RKBusinesses compete to battle California’s blackoutsEnergy utilitiesLitMany big companies may be struggling with depressed sales, but these are busy times for bribery-busters. Mexico is abuzz over allegations by an ex-boss of Pe-mex, the state oil giant, that several senior politicians received bungs from compa-nies including Odebrecht, a Brazilian con-struction firm (see Americas section). The scandal is the latest in a string of graft cases to make headlines this year, starting with Airbus’s record $4bn settlement in January over accusations of corruption for making illegal payments in various countries.Corporate bribery is hardly new. In sur-veys, between a third and a half of compa-nies typically claim to have lost business to rivals who won contracts by paying kick-backs. But such perceptions-based re-search has obvious limitations. A new study takes a more rigorous approach, and draws some striking conclusions.Raghavendra Rau of Judge Business School at the University of Cambridge, Yan-Leung Cheung of the Education University of Hong Kong and Aris Stouraitis of Hong Kong Baptist University examined nearly 200 prominent bribery cases in 60 coun-tries between 1975 and 2015. For the firms doing the bribing, they found, the short-term gains were juicy: every dollar of bribe translated into a $6-9 increase in excess re-turns, relative to the overall stockmarket. That, however, does not take account of the chances of getting caught. These have risen as enforcement of America’s 43-year-old anti-bribery law, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (fcpa ), has been stepped up and other countries have passed similar laws. The number of fcpa cases is up sharply since the financial crisis of 2007-09, according to Stanford Law School (see chart). It has dipped a bit under Presi-dent Donald Trump, who has criticised the fcpa for hobbling American firms over-seas, but remains well above historic lev-els. Total fines for fcpa violations were $14bn in 2016-19, 48 times as much as in the four years to 2007.The authors also tested 11hypotheses that emerged from past studies of bribery.They found support for some, for instance that firms pay larger bribes when they ex-pect to receive larger benefits, and that the net benefits of bribing are smaller in places with more public disclosure of politicians’sources of income.But they punctured other bits of re-ceived wisdom. Most striking, they found no link between democracy and graft. This challenges the “Tullock paradox”, which holds that firms can get away with smaller bribes in democracies because politicians and officials have less of a lock on the sys-tem than those in autocratic countries, and so cannot extract as much rent. Such find-ings will doubtless be of interest to corrup-tion investigators and unscrupulous exec-utives alike. 7Bribery pays—if you don’t get caughtBriberyA closer look at greasy palmsBrown envelopes, big chequesUnited States,Foreign Corrupt Practices ActSources:Stanford Law School;Sullivan &Cromwell*Investigations and enforcement actions †To August6543210605040302010020†10152000059095851977Enforcement actionsSanctions, $bnUtilitiesTransport Communications Basic materials Financial services Consumer goods Aerospace & defence TechnologyIndustrials Health care Oil &gas 100806040200Number of cases* by selected industry1977-2020†。
卖夹克的英文作文
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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!I sell all kinds of jackets. There are different colors and styles. Some are black and look really cool. Some have nice patterns on them.The jackets are made of good materials. They are very comfortable to wear. People like them a lot.We have jackets for different occasions. Whether for going out or for work, there's always a suitable one.The prices of our jackets are reasonable. You can get a great jacket without spending too much money.。
【服装类的英语文章阅读】英语短文阅读
【服装类的英语文章阅读】英语短文阅读服装类的英语文章阅读服装类的英语文章阅读服装类的英语文章阅读篇一China“s Ancient Clothing 中国的古代服装China“s traditional clothing is characterized as magnificent, as shown in ceremonies and court, and grand and exerts immense influence on the neighboring countries. An outstanding characteristic of traditional Chinese clothing is not only an external expression of elegance，but also an internal symbolism. Each and every piece of traditional clothing communicates a sense of vitality of its own intrinsically. Such a perfect combination of external form with internal symbolism of clothing is clearly exemplified in the pair of fighting pheasant feathers used in head wear originating in the battle wear of the Warring States period(475一221 BC).Two feathers of a ho bird(a type pheasant good at fighting)were inserted into the helmet wom by warriors of this period to symbolize a bold and warlike spirit. 中国传统衣着的特点是华丽。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
The Guardian view on unaffordable homes: building injustice into the economy《卫报》关于难以负担的住房的观点：在经济中制造不公The average wage of the top 1% in Britain rose to £13,770 a month in December. Jeevun Sandher, an economist at King’s College London, points out the very richest saw their incomes rise the fastest during the pandemic. This group were also likely to have been able to save the most while Covid raged. Where do the very wealthiest spend their cash? One place is housing, for which there is a low level of stock being released on to the market. The result is rising house prices. Over the past 12 months, asking prices have gone up by 9.5%.12月，英国最富有的1%人群的平均工资上升至每月13770英镑。
伦敦国王学院的经济学家桑德尔指出，在疫情期间，最富有的人的收入增长最快。
在新冠病毒肆虐期间，这一群体也可能是能够存最多钱的人。
最富有的人把钱花在哪里？其中一个地方就是住房，因为住房市场上的存量很低。
结果就是房价上涨。
在过去12个月里，住房要价上涨了9.5%。
This has a knock-on effect for renters. UK rents rose by 8.3% in the last three months of 2021. For would-be first-time buyers, the situation is as bad if not worse, with the current average price of £277,000 nearly £25,000 higher than just a year ago. Those looking to have a roof to live under will find little solace in official figures. These record an 11% drop in the number of total homes added in 2021 compared with the year before. The number of new affordable houses that began being built dropped 16% year-on-year. Shortages of labour and materials, as well as planning delays, will make it harder for the 11th Tory housing minister since 2010 to meet government targets for new homes.这对租客产生了连锁反应。
中英双语阅读素材：极致的中国式浪漫!2022冬奥会闭幕式再次惊艳世界!
极致的中国式浪漫！2022冬奥会闭幕式再次惊艳世界！2月20日晚，北京第二十四届冬季奥林匹克运动会闭幕式在国家体育场举行。
Closing ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games was held at the National Stadium in Beijing on Sunday.这场壮丽的闭幕式，是中国送给全世界的浪漫，重温每一个细节都让人热泪盈眶。
折柳寄情用中国式浪漫说闭幕在北京冬奥会缅怀时刻，现场响起了《送别》的歌声，80名舞者走出一幅“垂柳图”。
365位普通人手捧柳枝惜别冬奥，他们向场地中央汇聚，以这种的方式，演绎中国人传承千年的“惜别怀远”、“折柳寄情”。
在中国古代，送行者往往会折一条柳枝送给远行的亲朋。
折柳也成为了独具东方文化韵味的送别方式。
The "Moment of Remembrance" is a very important part of the Olympic Games' Closing Ceremony, and for this year, the theme "A Willow Twig" presents the segment with Chinese characteristics.In ancient days, when two friends part, the traveling party will always receive a willow twig as a gift. For the closing ceremony of the Beijing Olympics, it was only fitting that the willow twig would be incorporated into the ceremony as the athletes depart to their respective countries.从开幕式上的“迎客松”烟花广迎宾朋，到闭幕式的折柳赠别八方友人，中国人的浪漫久久不绝。
外刊每日精读 Shrinkflation
外刊每日精读 | ‘Shrinkflation’文章脉络【1】英国食品行业的“缩水式通胀”让消费者感到担忧。
【2】英国消费者的生活水平下降削减了消费支出。
【3】英国零售商协会报告也显示，食品销售大幅下滑。
【4】英国服务业增长强劲。
【5】英国服务业经济面临巨大的薪资压力。
【6】英国新车市场保持上升趋势。
经济学人原文‘Shrinkflation’ ：Polling reveals consumers’ concern overbrands downsizing products【1】Hard-pressed consumers feel they are becoming victims of food industry “shrinkflation” amid signs the UK’s persistent cost of living crisis is making households more alert to the need to get value for money. With food prices up by almost 20% in the past year, the latest snapshot of consumer activity from Barclays found households were concentrating spending on essentials and increasingly concerned that manufacturers were reducing the size of products such as chocolate bars and packets of crisps. Two-thirds of shoppers had noticedproducts shrinking while the price had remained the same or even increased. In response, 20% said they were switching away from products that had been downsized by manufacturers to instead buy in bulk.【2】A separate survey from the British Retail Consortium (BRC) also found spending being squeezed by falling living standards, with no evidence that last month’s three bank holidays had provided a boost. Esme Harwood, a director at Barclays, said: “Consumers are still paying close attention to their everyday spending, and we are seeing growing concerns around shrinkflation in the weekly shop. Many are having to forgo discretionary purchases to off set rising food prices, with clothing and restaurants most impacted.” Barclays said consumer card spending grew by 3.6% year on year in May – less than half the latest inflation rate of 8.7% and lower than the 4.3% in April. Spending on non-essential items increased just 3% due to consumers cutting back to manage household bills, while spending on groceries rose by 8.9% – the highest rate of increase in more than two years.【3】The BRC reported a similar pattern. The retailers’ lobby group said the value of sales was 3.9% higher in May than in the same month a year ago, but saidonce adjusted for inflation there had been a hefty drop in sales volumes. Helen Dickinson, the BRC’s chief executive, said: “The trio of bank holidays failed to get shoppers spending as sales growth slowed to its lowest level in six months. While food sales got a boost from the coronation weekend, this was not sustained for the rest of the month. Meanwhile, growth in discretionary spend continued to tumble as the high cost of living squeezed households. There was cause for some optimism, however, as brighter weather at the end of the month led to a much-needed pick up in summer fashion sales, as well as gardening and DIY products.”【4】The latest monthly health check of the UK’s service sector said rising wages were pushing up business costs and prompting companies to raise prices. TheS&P/Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply (Cips) purchasing managers’ survey found upward pressure on pay had not prevented strong growth for the sector last month, with the business activity index above 50 for a fourth month. Readings above 50indicate an expanding sector.【5】Tim Moore, the economic indices director at S&P global market intelligence, which compiled the survey, said: “Intense wage pressures continued across the service economy, despite a moderation in employment growth. Higher salary payments more than offset lower fuel costs, which meant that overall inputprice inflation edged up to its strongest for three months in May. Averageprices charged by service sector companies nonetheless increased at the second-weakest pace since August 2021 amid some reports of greater price resistance among clients.”【6】Fresh data from the Society of Motor manufacturers and Traders (SMMT) showed new car registrations rose 16.7% in May to 145,204.While registrations remained 21% below their level in May 2019 – the last year before the start of the Covid -19pandemic – last month’s increase marked the 10th rise ina row, the longest period of uninterrupted growth since 2015. Mike Hawes , the SMMT’s chief executive, said: “After the difficult, Covid-constrained supply issues of the last few years, it’s good to see the new car market maintain its upward trend and the fact that growth is, increasingly, green growth is hugely encouraging.”。
departmentstore
departmentstore Department StoreIntroductionA department store is a large retail establishment that offers a wide range of products across various departments. These stores are known for their size, variety, and convenience, making them attractive to shoppers looking for a one-stop shopping experience. In this article, we will explore the history, features, advantages, and challenges of department stores.HistoryThe concept of a department store originated in the 19th century in Europe and the United States. The idea was to bring different types of merchandise under one roof, providing a convenient and enjoyable shopping experience for customers. One of the oldest and most renowned department stores, Le Bon Marché, was established in Paris, France, in the mid-19th century. Since then, departmentstores have continued to evolve and adapt to changing consumer preferences and market trends.Features of Department StoresDepartment stores are characterized by their vast size and extensive product selection. These stores typically feature multiple floors, each dedicated to a specific department such as clothing, accessories, furniture, home appliances, cosmetics, and more. Customers can find a wide range of brands and products, catering to different tastes, preferences, and budgets. Additionally, department stores often house restaurants, cafes, and other amenities, providing shoppers with a complete shopping and dining experience.Advantages of Department StoresOne of the key advantages of department stores is the convenience they offer. With a wide selection of products available in one location, customers can save time and effort by completing all their shopping in a single trip. Moreover, department stores often provide a higher level of customer service compared to smaller retail outlets. They employ knowledgeable and trained staff who can assist customers infinding the right products, answering queries, and providing personalized assistance.Department stores are also known for their promotional activities and sales events. These stores often offer attractive discounts, seasonal sales, and loyalty programs, incentivizing customers to make purchases. This can be particularly beneficial for budget-conscious shoppers looking for good deals and bargains.Challenges Faced by Department StoresWhile department stores have long been a popular shopping destination, they face certain challenges in the current retail landscape. One significant challenge is the rise of ecommerce and online shopping. Many customers now prefer the convenience of shopping from the comfort of their homes and having products delivered to their doorstep. This shift in consumer behavior has led to a decline in foot traffic and sales for traditional brick-and-mortar stores.Moreover, the competition from specialty stores and discount retailers has intensified. These stores often offer targeted product selections and competitive pricing, drawing customers away from department stores. In response to thesechallenges, department stores are adapting by enhancing their online presence, offering exclusive products, and focusing on creating unique shopping experiences to attract and retain customers.ConclusionDepartment stores have a rich history and have played a significant role in the retail industry. Although they face challenges in today's changing market, department stores continue to evolve and innovate to stay relevant. With their diverse product offerings, convenience, and personalized service, department stores remain a popular choice for many shoppers seeking a comprehensive shopping experience.。
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Clothes Retailing: The Forgotten MajorityThe fashion industry blatently pays attention to plus-size women.A good fit is everything, stylists often counsel, but in assessing its market America's fashion business appears to have mislaid the measuring tape.A frequently-cited study done a few years ago by Plunkett Research, a market-research firm, found that 67% of American women were “plus-size”, meaning size 14 or larger.That figure will not have changed much, but in 2016, only 18% of clothing sold was plus-size, according to NPD Group, another research firm.Designers and retailers have long thought of the plus-size segment as high-risk. Predicting what these customers will buy can be difficult, as they tend to be more cautious about styles.Making larger clothes is more expensive; higher costs for fabric cannot always be passed on to consumers.In turn, plus-size women shopped less because the industry was not serving them well.“We have money but nowhere to spend it,” says Kristine Thompson, who run s a blog called Trendy Curvy and has nearly 150,000 followers on Instagram, a social-media site.At last, that is changing.Fast-fashion brands, including Forever 21 and a fashion line sold in partnership with Target, a giant retailer, have expanded their plus-size collections.Lane Bryant, a plus-size retailer, and Prabal Garung, a designer, have done the same.In March Nike extended its “X-sized” sportswear range.Revenue in the plus-size category increased by 14% between 2013 and 2016, compared with growth of 7% for all apparel.Takings were $21.3bn last year.Social media has played an important role in changing attitudes in the fashion business, says Madeline Jones, editor and co-founder of PLUS Model Magazine. Nonetheless, designer brands still hold back (Walmart sells the most plus-size apparel).Some brands, such as Michael Kors, do sell plus-size ranges but do not advertise them or display them on websites.For those that are willing to take a chance, several internet startups that deliver personally styled outfits to individuals, including plus-size women, offer data to “straight-size” designers.Gwynnie Bee, Stitch Fix and Dia & Co, for example, share information with designers on preferred styles and fits.Tracy Reese, a designer known for creating Michelle Obama's dress for the Democratic National Convention in 2012, is one brand that recently enlisted Gwynnie Bee's help to create a new plus-size collection.Gwynnie Bee prompted the label to create bigger patterns and more appealing designs.Not all plus-size shoppers are convinced.Laura Fuentes, a hairstylist from Abilene, Texas, says that many upmarket department stores still keep their plus-size clothing sections poorly organised, badly stocked and dimly lit, if they stock larger clothes at all.Yet such complaints should betaken with a pinch of salt, says Ms Thompson. “We're nowhere near where we should be but we've made progress,” she says.商业服装零售：被遗忘的大多数时尚业将目光投向大码女人。
设计师常说，好身材就等同于一切，但美国时装业评估其市场时，发现他们似乎放错了尺码。
一家市场调研公司普朗基特研究公司几年前做的一项研究经常被人引用，其研究发现，67%的美国女人都属于“大码”，即所着服装尺码是14码或者大于14码。
这个数据还未发生大变动。
但是在2016年，另一家市场调研公司NPD Group调查显示，在已售衣服中，只有18%属于大码。
长期以来，设计师和零售商都将大码服装视作高风险类。
预测这些顾客会买什么困难重重，因为她们往往对于款式选择更加小心谨慎。
况且，衣服做的越大成本就越贵；而布料上的愈高的成本也不能总是加在顾客身上。
反过来，由于时尚业不能为大码女性提供优质服务，她们就很少购物。
克里斯丁·汤姆森经营着一个名为“ 时尚曲线” 的博客，在社交网站Instagram 上有15万粉丝，她说道，“我们有钱，却无处可花”。
而这种现象终于要改变了。
Forever 21和与零售巨头Target 合作的时尚线上销售等快时尚品牌，扩展了其系列大码女装业务。
大码女装零售商莱恩·布莱恩特，和设计师品牌普拉巴·高隆，亦效仿行之。
三月份，耐克也拓展了其运动装的x码的范围。
在2013-2016年间，与服装业整体收益的增长率仅有7%相比，其中大号女装收益的增长率为14%。
去年的营业收入已达2130亿美元。
大码女装杂志PLUS Model Magazine的主编和联合创始人玛德琳·琼斯说，社交媒体对于改变时装业的看法起着重要作用。
尽管如此，设计师品牌依旧犹豫不决（沃尔玛销售最大码服装的量最多）。
一些服装品牌如迈克·科尔也在销售大码服装，但却不会为其进行广告宣传，更不会在其网站上进行展示。
对于那些乐于尝试的人，如一些电商新贵会配送包括大码女装在内的个人定制服装，并向那些“骨感”设计师提供他们的数据。
比如，Gwynnie Bee，Stitch Fix，Dia & Co这些公司会和设计师分享用户偏好的风格以及合身尺寸。
翠西·瑞斯是一位设计师，因为米歇尔·奥巴马设计出席2012年的民主党全国代表大会的服装而成名，这个姓名同时也是一个品牌，近期该品牌寻求Gwynnie Bee相助来设计新款大号系列服装。
Gwynnie Bee促使翠西·瑞斯扩大规模，同时创新更夺人眼球的设计。
对此，不是所有的大码顾客都心悦诚服。
来自德克萨斯州阿比林的发型设计师劳拉·福恩特斯说，就众多高档百货公司而言，若这些公司真有大码服装的话，其大码服装部门仍是缺乏管理，积货严重且门庭冷落。
汤普森女士认为，这些抱怨，不可尽信也不可不信。
她说，“我们虽仍未达标，但已取得一定进展。
”。