语中有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to

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通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词:agree (同意);offer (提出);intend,plan (打算,计划);demand,ask (要求);promise (答应);help (帮忙);prepare (准备);decide (决定);refuse (拒绝);dare (敢于);choose (选择);wish,hope,want,expect (希望,想要);fail ;(不能;忘记);pretend (假装);manage (设法);determine (决心)。同意提出做计划,要求答应来帮忙。准备决定遭拒绝,敢于选择有希望。不能做到莫假装,设法做成决心坚。另外,通常只能接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词(或动词短语):建议抵制享受——(suggest,advise;resist;enjoy) 考虑承认冒险——(consider;admit;risk) 避免推迟实践——(avoid;delay;practise) 期待成功完成——(look forward to;su cceed in;finish) 既能接不定式,又能接动词-ing 形式,但意思不同的动词或词组:即“四'记’”“力争”“不后悔”。四“记”指“记得、记住(remember)”;“忘记(forget)”“计划、打算(mean)”;“继续(go on)”;力争指“try”;“不”“后悔”指stop与regret。

语中有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to,其中诀是:一感二听三让四观看

一感:feel 二听:hear、listen to 三让:let、have、make 四观看:observe、see、watch、look at

补充:

不定式是非谓语动词的其中一种,原型是to do ,根据各种时态变化形

三、不定式作宾补应注意的事项

能跟不定式作宾补的动词很多,如:

see, have, advise, expect, get,invite, consider, find, prefer,

feel, ask, for, call on, wait for…等等。大部分的动词或成语动词

之后跟带to的不定式作宾补,但也有一些动词之后要求跟不带to的不定式作宾补。下面谈一些要求跟不带to的不定式作宾补的动词。

1.这类动词有表示视觉、听觉和感觉的动词,如,

see, watch, notice, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel

等。

(1) Did you see him steal the money?

(2) I haven’t noticed anyone go out.

(3)I’d like to look at (=watch) other people play basketb

all.

(4) I often hear her sing this song.

(5) She listened to someone call for help.

(6) Mary felt something crawl up her neck.

2.一些表示役使意义的动词,如have, make, let等。

(1) I would have Li Ming do the work.

(2) Her wonderful performance made all of us laugh.

(3)I’ll let someone find me a house to live in.

3.有时动词help的宾补既可以是带to的不定式亦可省略to,如,

I enjoy helping my mother (to) do housework.

4.上面所说的这些不带to的不定式做宾补,如改为被动语态就要用带to的不定式作主语补足语(略)。

5.一些表示心理状态语的动词,

如: consider, think, believe, discover, judge, sup pose 等,其后的宾语补足语有“认为”、“判定”的意思,认为宾语是什么,有什么性质、特征或处于某种状态,这时宾补要用“to be …”这种形式,

“to be”亦可省略。如:

(1) He considered him (to be) innocent.

(2) We all thought John (to be) quite a foolish man.

(3) The judge judged her (to be) guilty.

6.regard, treat, recognize, look upon, think of, consider 等这些词有时跟as词组或介词词组作宾补,如:

(1) All the teachers regarded this as of great importance.

(2) I always look upon you as my best friend.

(3)Don’t take my good intentions for evil ones.

有时有多种形式,以consider为例:

I consider him to be an honest man.

I consider him as an honest man.

I consider him an honest man.

四、宾语补足语和先行宾语

1.在复合宾语中,如果宾语不是名词或带词,而是其它的形式,如不定式(a),-ing分词结构(b)或that分句,这时就要用先行宾语it 来表示,而后将这些宾语移置宾补之后,如:

(1) it代替不定式或不定式的复合结构

We think it our duty to serve people heart and soul.

Do you believe it possible for us to land on the Mars one day?

I don’

t consider it polite of you to play tricks on others.

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