“It”作形式主语和形式宾 语的用法详解
it作形主的用法
it作形主的用法“It作形主的用法”是指使用it做形式主语，即在句子中无实际含义的主语，通常是一些动词、表语或状语从句。
it这个词有多种用法，因此它可以用来代替不同的句子成分。
在英语中，it作形主语最常用于三种情况：1、it作形式主语：在英语中，it常常被用作形式主语，以强调句子的其余部分。
例如：It is said that he is a very good student.It is believed that the earth is round.2、it作形式宾语：it也可以用作形式宾语，用来代替一个真正的宾语，强调句子的其余部分。
例如：She made it clear that she wouldn't go.He proved it wrong that he was not guilty.3、it作形式状语从句：it也可以用作形式状语从句，用来代替一个真正的状语从句，强调句子的其余部分。
例如：He said it as if he had known everything.He did it as though he had done it many times before.此外，it还有一种特殊的用法，即在句中作为虚拟语气的主语。
这种情况下，it用来引出一个虚拟条件句，带有一种意思是“如果……”。
例如：If it rains, we will stay at home.It would be nice if you could come to my party.以上就是“it作形主的用法”的详细说明。
从上文可以看出，it作形式主语、形式宾语和形式状语从句，并在句中作为虚拟语气的主语，是一种常见的用法。
只要我们能够正确地理解它的用法，就能够在日常的学习和交流中正确使用它。
it作形式主语和形式宾语
2. It is no good/use/harm doing sth. It is no use making any complaints about it. It is no good talking to him.
不定式；动名词；that从句作真正的主语。
3. It seems/ appears +adj./n + to do that 从句 It seems wise for us not to expect too much of him. It appears all right to tell him everything about it. It seems true that he will take the place of Mr. Li. 4. It seems / appears (to sb.) that… It seems to me that he doesn’t know anything about it.
8. 他竟然那样举止不当, 似乎很奇怪. It seemed strange that he should have behaved like that. 9. 那天晚上他恰巧在那里. It happened that he was there that evening. 10. 谁赢得这次竞选和我关系不大. It’ll make no differection. 11. 他是否来都没关系. It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.
5. It happened that It happened that I had no money on me. 6. It makes no difference / doesn’t matter to sb. + wh-从句 It won’t make much difference to me which side may win or lose. It doesn’t matter to him whether you will put off the meeting. 7. It is said/reported/ believed that…
高考语法it用法详解
一. it作人称代词在特定的环境中，it可指人，如指婴儿、性别不详或身份不明的人。
e.g.1. The baby stopped crying as soon as it saw the woman.（指婴儿）2. —Who is it?—It’s me.（性别不详或身份不明）二. it作形式主语或形式宾语it可以作形式主语或形式宾语而把真正的主语或宾语后置。
1. 用it作形式主语的情况：(1) It＋系动词＋形容词＋that从句It is necessary/important/surprising/strange＋that从句，从句中谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”形式，且should可省略。
(2) It＋系动词＋名词＋that从句It is a pity/a shame/good news/a fact/an honour/a wonder/no wonder/our duty＋that从句。
e.g. It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success.难怪你取得了如此大的成功。
(3) It＋不及物动词＋that从句It seems/happened/turned out /occurs/appears＋that从句。
e.g. It happened that he was out when I called on him.当我去拜访他的时候，碰巧他出去了。
(4) It＋系动词＋过去分词＋that从句It is said /reported/ announced/ believed/ thought/ well known/ hoped/ pointed out/ found out/ suggested/ ordered/ advised/ requested/ insisted/ required/ demanded＋that从句。
“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解
it作形式主语和形式宾语it既可作人称代词，用来表示动物或无生命的物体等，也可以作无人称代词，在句中作主语，表示“时间”、“距离”、“天气”等。
它还可以引导强调句，使语气得以加强。
此外，it在句中能作引导词，充当句子中的形式上的成分，如形式主语、形式宾语等。
㈠it作形式主语：it作形式主语时没有具体的意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去，使句子显得平稳一些。
it作形式主语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和主语从句。
1. it代替不定式短语常用于下列句型中：It + be +形容词+ (for/of sb.) to do sth.It + be + 名词+ to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干…花了某人…时间It’s up to sb. to do sth. 干…是某人的职责或义务如：①It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.遵守法律是每个人的义务。
（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to obey the law）②It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。
（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to learn Chinese）③It is not right to use these places as rubbish dumps.把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。
（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to use these places as rubbish dumps）④It took them a year to build the bridge.建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。
（it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to build the bridge）⑤It is bad manners to stare at people.瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。
it作形式主语与形式宾语
it作形式主语与形式宾语it作形式主语与形式宾语形式主语形式主语是动词不定式的一种，它也是逻辑主语, 可以把它归类到逻辑主语的第一种（不定式的逻辑主语）。
用作宾语的不定式，用作目的状语的不定式，用作结果状语的不定式都是属于不定式的大概念里面的。
详细用法综述形式主语it作为形式主语的it并无实际语义，只是为满足语法上的需要，避免句子头重脚轻，它代替的是句子的逻辑主语，概括起来会有如下情况：? 句子的逻辑主语为不定式如：It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time. It is my pleasure to address the meeting.It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own.? 句子的逻辑主语为从句如：It so happened that the tickets were sold out.It is extremely obvious that she has been lying about her identity.It suddenly occurred to me that the message must have been hidden between the layers of the briefcase.? 句子的逻辑主语为动名词短语这类句子远不如前面两种出现率高，主要在（no good, waste, useless, no use, dangerous）等词语的后面用。
如：It is no use reasoning with him. It is no good reading in dim light.作形式主语的代词只能用it，不能用that、this等词。
例如:1）It is easier to lose friends than to make friends. 交朋友难而失去朋友比较容易。
it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法
it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法1. it用作形式主语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。
如：It’s a pity to refuse. 拒绝是令人遗憾的。
It’s no use saying any more about it.再谈这事没有用。
It’s not known where she went.她到哪里去了没人知道。
注：It is said / reported / believed / understood that…这类结构中的 it 也是形式主语。
如：It’s reported that two people were injured in the accident. 据报导这次事故中有两人受伤。
2. it用作形式宾语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。
如：I find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。
They haven’t made it known where they are to hold the conference. 他们还没宣布会议在哪里开。
几种特殊的形式宾语it1. enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等动词后接 if 从句或 when 从句，通常应先在动词后接 it 作形式宾语。
如：She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use his bike. 他讨厌别人用他的自行车。
I hate it if you say such things in public. 我讨厌你在大庭广众之下说那样的事。
it考点讲义：it用作形式主语和形式宾语的用法归纳总结- 高考英语语法二轮复习专题.docx
高中英语语法高考二轮复习it考点讲义【精讲版】it用作形式主语和形式宾语的用法归纳总结一、用作形式主语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语厄而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。
如：It is stupid to do such a thing.做这种事真蠢。
It's no good sitting up too late.熬夜没有好处。
It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.有必要马上派他到那里去。
注：类似以下句子中的il也可视为形式主语：It happened that the harvest was bad in 1988.碰巧1988 年的收成很不好。
It seems that she is afraid to tell them about it.似乎她怕将此事告诉他们。
二、用作形式宾语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。
如：I've made it a rule never to hurry,我已养成凡事从容不迫的习惯。
Do you think it possible to root out crime?你认为可以根除犯罪吗？He found il difficult to breathe at high altitudes.他觉得在高空呼吸困难。
注：通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式、动名词、从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构，但以下两类形式宾语却比较特殊，其后没有宾语补足语:1.由于介词后通常不能直接跟that从句作宾语，有个别特殊结构就在介词后先接it作形式宾语，再跟that从句。
如：You may depend on it that it is true.你可以相信这是真的。
it的用法
“It” 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点，因此在复习中应给予足够的重视。
现将it用法归纳如下：一、It用作实词表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。
二、It用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型：1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为（1）It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.（2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth.（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型：It’s no good/use doing…It’s (well)worth doing…It’s (well)worth one’s while doing/to do It’s (well)worth while doing/ to do2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型（1）It is + noun +从句（2）.It is adj. +clauseIt’s surprising that… (should)………竟然……It’s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…（3）It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clauseIt+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/ please/anger sb. that…（4）It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)（5）It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）四、It 作形式宾语用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
“It”作形式主语和宾语
It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。) 翻译 1.覆水难收。
I_t_is__uselessc_r_y_in_g_ over the spilt milk. 2.她嫁给那样的男பைடு நூலகம்真让人惊讶。
_I_t_w_a_s__really surprising _t_h_a_t_ she _m__a_rr_i_e_d_ a man like that.
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动 词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往 往不能直接接宾语从句；
I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. 我不喜欢他那么懒惰。
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。
How long _d_o_e_s_i_t_t_a_k_e_y_o_u_to go to Beijing from Fuzhou by train?
二、It 用作形式宾语
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在 某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡， 避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而 将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引 导作用，本身无词义。
翻译：他坚持说自己是无辜的。 He __in_s_i_s_te_d__o_n__it _t_h_a_t__ he was innocent.
④ 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭 配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时， 须借用it。 I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.
it作形式主语和形式宾语用法
it作形式主语和形式宾语用法2009-09-21 09:58:41| 分类：study | 标签：|字号大中小订阅一、It 用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用 ...一、It 用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.(说谎是错误的。
) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it.(争吵是没用的。
) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come.(谁要来还不确定。
) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型：①It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.(学一门外语非常重要。
)It is useless crying over the spilt milk.(覆水难收。
)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)②It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….e.g. It is no good telling lies.(撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterda y.(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解
it作形式主语和形式宾语一、it作形式主语：当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
it作形式主语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和主语从句。
1. it代替不定式短语常用于下列句型中：如：It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.遵守法律是每个人的义务。
It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。
It took them a year to build the bridge.建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。
It is bad manners to stare at people.瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。
It is up to us to help those in need.帮助那些有困难的人是我们的责任。
eg. It’s important for us to learn English well.学好英语对我们来说是重要的。
It’s kind of you to help me.感谢你对我的帮助。
⒉ it代替动名词短语：It’s no good/use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.做某事没有用/浪费时间①It is no good/ use having a car if you can’t drive.如果你不会开车，有车也没用。
②It is a waste of time watching TV.看电视是浪费时间。
（it作形式主语,代替动名词短语watching TV）⒊ it代替主语从句：这个主语从句可以用连词that引导，也可以用连接代词或连接副词引导。
如：①It was clear that they had no desire for peace.很清楚他们没有和平的诚意。
形式主语与形式宾语
i t作形式主语和形式宾语的用法it作形式主语和形式宾语的用法It除了用作代词表示指代意义以外，还可以用作形式主语和形式宾语。
这种用法是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
纵观历届中考题，无论是单项选择、完型填空，还是句型转换或翻译，it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。
现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法，进行如下归纳分析，以供读者学习和参考。
一、It 用作形式主语1．当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
例如：It is wrong to tell a lie. 说谎是错误的。
It is no use arguing about it. 争吵是没用的。
It is uncertain who will come. 谁要来还不确定。
2．It 作形式主语的常见句型① It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….。
例如：It is very important to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语非常重要。
It is useless crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。
It was really surprising that she married a man like that.她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
② It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….，例如：It is no good telling lies. 撒谎没好处。
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday. 你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。
It作形式主语和形式宾语
It作形式主语和形式宾语，虽然是我们高中就学过的语法点，但在考研英语题型中，无论是在阅读还是翻译，常会考查该知识点。
一、it作形式主语。
英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时主语往往显得很长，使整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻，这样就借助“it”来作形式上的主语，而把真正的主语移到句子后边去，使全句结构上前后平衡。
“it”并无实际意义。
It之后的谓语部分，可以是be+形容词，be+名词（词组），或be+过去分词等。
1．不定式做真正主语例句1：If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. (2002 Text1)【结构分析】本句包含由and连接两个并列分句。
第一个分句主干为you will be in a position，不定式to know the experiences and problems 做定语，修饰position，其中which引导定语从句，修饰the experiences and problems。
第二个分句为it’ll be appropriate for you to …，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式to make a passing remark about…。
【参考译文】如果你是你谈话听众中的一员，你就能够了解你们所共有的经历和问题，而且你也可对餐厅极难吃的食物或者领导在选择领带方面差劲的品味进行评头论足。
英语中it用法全解析
英语中it用法全解析摘要本文主要介绍了英语中it的用法，包括以下几个方面：it作为人称代词，指代前文提到的或语境中明确的人或物。
it作为非人称代词，表示天气、时间、温度、距离等抽象概念。
it作为形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句等真正的主语或宾语。
it用于强调句型，突出句子中的某一成分。
it用于其他常见的句式和短语，表达不同的意思和功能。
1. it作为人称代词it作为人称代词，通常指代前文提到的或语境中明确的人或物。
它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语或表语等。
例如：句子说明He took a quick look at the house and noticed it was veryold.it指代前文提到的house，作主语。
John hates children, and it is difficult to say why.it指代前面提到的事情，作主语。
She made it clear (that) we were not welcome.it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。
It's me.it作形式主语，真正的主语是me。
2. it作为非人称代词it作为非人称代词，表示天气、时间、温度、距离等抽象概念。
它在句中通常作主语或宾语。
例如：句子说明It is raining.it表示天气，作主语。
It is an hour's walk from my home to the school.it表示距离，作主语。
It is a pity that I didn't think of it earlier.it表示一般情况，作主语。
I don't like it when you are angry.it指代后面的when引导的从句，作宾语。
3. it作为形式主语或形式宾语当不定式、动名词或从句等用作主语或宾语时，为避免头重脚轻或保持句子平衡，通常在句首使用形式主语或形式宾语it，而把真正的主语或宾语置于句尾。
it做形主和形宾的句型
“it” 作为形式主语（形主）和形式宾语（形宾）的句型在英语中是非常常见的。
以下是具体的句型：
1. 形式主语（形主）：
**主语从句句型：** It + be + 形容词/名词 + (for sb.) + to do sth.
例如：It is difficult for me to learn French. （对我来说，学习法语很难。
）
在这个句子中，“it” 没有实际的意义，只是作为句子的形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to learn French”。
2. 形式宾语（形宾）：
**动词+ it + 宾语补足语 + 真正的宾语**
例如：I found it hard to get along with others. （我发现和别人相处很难。
）
在这个句子中，“it” 作为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语“to get along with others”。
以上信息仅供参考，如果还有疑问，建议查阅英语语法书籍或询问英语老师。
“It”作形式主语和宾语
“It”作形式宾语It作形式主语和形式宾语用法，是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
纵观历届高考题，无论是单项选择，还是完行填空，it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。
现将it 在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法，进行如下归纳分析，以供学习参考。
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。
此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语：①在believe, consider, feel, find, guess, hear, imagine, know, make, think, understand 等动词接复合宾语(宾语＋宾补)时，要用it作形式宾语。
在这种结构中that不可省略。
例如：We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time.She thinks it wrong that he didn't answer the phone.她认为他不接电话是不对的。
They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.He makes it a rule never to borrow money.（他立志决不向别人借钱。
）I think it no need talking about it with them. （我认为没必要跟他们谈。
）②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate，appreciate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. （我不喜欢他那么懒惰。
It 的用法
13. It takes sb. ... to do sth.
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主 语，句型中的直接宾语是时间，常译为＂ 做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 14. It doesn’t matter whether... 该句型中whether引导的从句是真正主语， 译为 “不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。 It doesn’t matter whether they are old.
部分 it既可强调现在的情况， 也可强调过去的情况。
We called on Professor Wang in his office this morning. It was we who/ that called we on Professor Wang at his office this morning. Professo It was Professor Wang r whom/ that/ who we called Wang on at his office this morning.
15. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定 式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必 须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心 的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型等于： sb. be kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
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新希望英语语法精讲------“It”作形式主语和形式宾语“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It作形式主语和形式宾语用法，是英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
无论是单项选择，还是完行填空，it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。
现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法，进行如下归纳分析，以供学习参考。
一、 It 用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。
) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。
) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定。
) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型：① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。
)It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。
)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that ….e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday. (你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
)It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party. (没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。
)③ It + be + 过去分词 + that ….该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. (据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。
)It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。
)It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. (据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。
)④ It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that ….e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.(似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。
)It appears that Tom might change his mind. (看来汤姆可能会改变主意。
)⑤若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。
e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow? (他们明天不来很重要吗？)Is it true that he will go abroad next week? (他下周出国是真的吗？)⑥ It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth. 这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。
e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。
)It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。
)How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train? (从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？)I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.(我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。
)二、It 用作形式宾语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。
此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语：①当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）；e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.（他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。
）I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English. （我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。
）He makes it a rule never to borrow money. （他立志决不向别人借钱。
）I think it no need talking about it with them. （我认为没必要跟他们谈。
）②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. （我不喜欢他那么懒惰。
）I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. （我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。
）③ that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you. （尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。
）Would you see to it that she gets home early? （你负责保证她早到家，好吗？）He insisted on it that he was innocent. （他坚持说自己是无辜的。
）④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it. （我让你自己判断这事是否该做。
）We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident. （多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。
）练习一1. Is _______ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. thisB. thatC. itD. he2. I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work..A. thisB. thatC. itsD. it3. Does _______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A. this B. thatC. heD. it4. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____ didn’t help. A. he B. which C. she D. it5. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It6. I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. thatC. theseD. them7. Don’t _______ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted8. I like _______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. thisB. thatC. itD. one练习二1. _______ happened _______ he is unfit for the office.A. This; that B. That; that C. It; that D. He; that2. We took _______ for granted that they would accept our advice.A. thatB. thisC. itD. them3. ______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?A. Is true B. Is it true C. It’s true D. It’s truly4. ____ doesn’t matter much _____ dress you are going to wear.A. This; thatB. That; whoC. It; whichD. It; who5. _______ is going to America for further study.A. He is said thatB. People said that heC. It was said heD. It is said that he6. They are good friends. _______ is no wonder that they know each other so well.A. This B. That C. There D. It7. Is _______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. this B. thereC. thatD. it8. She liked _______ when he kissed her. A. him B. that C. oneD. it9. _______ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. It B. There C. Those D. One10. We think _______ our duty to pay taxes to our government.A. that B. this C. its D. itKey: 练习一1-8 CDDDDADC 练习二1-5 CCBCD 6-10 DDDADit作形式主语和形式宾语it既可作人称代词，用来表示动物或无生命的物体等，也可以作无人称代词，在句中作主语，表示“时间”、“距离”、“天气”等。