英语语言学试题8

英语语言学试题8

I. Directions : Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which

one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or

D in the brackets. (2%×10=20%)

1.The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play "Romeo and Juliet" 'A rose by any other

name would smell as sweet' well illustrates _______. ( )

A. the artitrary nature of language

B. the creative nature of language

C. the universality of language

D. the big difference between human language and animal communication

2.The consonant v in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic

features___________.( )

A. voiceless bilabial stop

B. voiceless labiodental fricative

C. voiced bilabial stop

D. voiced labiodental fricative

3.Of the following sound combinations, only _______ is permissible according to the

sequential rules of phonology in English.( )

A. bilk

B. bkil

C. ilkb

D. ilbk

4.The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula "S→NP

VP".( )

A. hierarchical

B. linear

C. tree diagram

D. vertical

5.Predication analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.

A. phoneme

B. word

C. phrase

D. sentence

6..According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit (promise) the speaker to

some future course of action are called _______.( )

A. commisives

B. directives

C. expressives

D. declaratives

7.The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies

language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.( )

A. synchronic

B. diachronic

C. comparative

D. historical comparative

8.________ refers to the relationship between a more general word and a more specific one，such as

between color: red, green ,blue, white, black. ( )

A. Synomymy

B. Hyponymy

C. Polysemy

D. Homonymy

9.“I bought some roses.”______ “I bought some flowers.”( )

A entails

B presupposes

C is inconsistent with

D is synonymous with

10.A_______ is a special language variety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by people

who speak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading. Nobody takes it as his

mother tongue. ( )

A creole

B diglossia

C pidgin

D dialect

Ⅱ.Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (2%×10=20%)

11.P________ function refers to language used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social

contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.

12.Clear ［1］and dark［ł］are allophones of the same one phoneme /1/.They never take the same

position in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in c__________ distribution.

13.A r________ is often seen as part of a word, but it can never stand by itself although it bears clear,

definite meaning.

14.S________ refers to the sameness or close similarity of meaning.

15.The study of the linguistic meaning of word, phrase and sentence is called s_________.

16..Pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items, such as “father”

and “son”, are called r________ antonyms.

17.While the meaning of a sentence is abstract and decontextualized, that of an u________ is concrete

and context-dependent.

18.In making conversation, the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called

the c_____________ principle proposed by J. Grice.

19.In many societies of the world, we find a large number of people who speak more than one

language. As a characteristic of societies, b________ inevitably results from the coming into

contact of people with different cultures and different languages.

20.The Great Vowel Shift began around the death of Chaucer in 1400, English language used at that

time is called M________ English.

Ⅲ. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. (1%×5=5%)