英语时态重难点精讲(一)

英语时态重难点精讲（一）

基本概念

及物动词

• 1.动词后要求直接带宾语，否则意思不完整的动词。及物动词有被动结构。

–She studies English very hard.

–I always review my lessons in the evening.

• 2. 及物动词的另两种结构

•及物动词中有少数动词要求一个宾语（直接宾语）外，还要求有一个宾语（间接宾语），才使句意完整。这类动词有：leave, show, bring, lend, teach, give, tell, hand, write 等。

例如：I’ll tell you a story about Lei Feng. （you为间接宾语，a story为直接）

•还有少数动词要求一个宾语外，还要求有一个补足语来使句意完整。这类动词有：name, call, get, have, find, turn, think, consider等。

•They call her Mary.（her为动词call的宾语，Mary为宾补）

不及物动词

•不及物动词指不直接带宾语的动词，若要加上宾语必须加上合适的介词。不及物动词没有被动语态。

1. The rain stopped.

2. He came last month.

3. They go to school every day.

有些不及物动词短语用主动表示被动的含义，如：

1. The money has run out. 当变成人做主语时，

2. Jessie has run out of the money.--------The money has been run out of by Jessie(不及物短语run out 变成run out of 就成了及物动词短语). 常见的还有：

3. The idea came up

4. The boy came up with the idea.-------The idea was come up with by the boy.

连系动词

•连系动词只起连系作用，虽有词义但不能单独作谓语，后必须加表语一起构成系表结构。

•常用的连系动词有：appear, become, fall, feel, get, go, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。

*She felt a bit tired.

*He kept silent at the meeting.

•注：连系动词不可与副词连用。

•区别：两个例句中appear的用法不同

1. The bird appeared suddenly. 表示“出现”“露面”“到达”等，是不及物动词，因此既不能后接宾语，也不能用于被动语态。如：

雨后天空出现彩虹。

正：A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain.

误：A rainbow was appeared in the sky after the rain.

2. 表示“似乎”“好像”，是连系动词，其后可接形容词、名词、不定式等作表语。如：

He appears (to be) quite rich 他似乎相当富有。

It appears a true story. 它似乎是一个真实的故事。

时态热点归纳

现在进行时的被动语态

【典型例句】

1. Another bridge is being built over the Yangtze River.

2. Is the boy who was absent yesterday being punished?

3. What is being done to celebrate 100 –year anniversary of Daye No.1 Middle

School?

【热点归纳】

1. 现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻某事正在被做。

2. 现在进行时的被动语态的构成：be + being + 过去分词。

（1）―be being done‖ 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。

（2）将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是把be doing变为be being done。

即学即练】

1. Look! The roads________________ now.(widen)

2. A science lab__________________ in our school now. (build)

3. — Have you moved into your new house?

— Not yet, the rooms ____________________.(paint)

4. The milu deer at the research center_____________________ at present.(study)

5. We can hear that the papers______________________ quickly on the fast-moving printing machines.(print)

现在完成时

现在完成时涉及的考点有：

一、考查其构成

"助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如：

1. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)