词性转换(后缀)
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专接本英语词性转换培训资料
冯玲
词性转换(后缀)
★-ability/-ibility : 名词后缀,由-able/ -ible 加-ity而成,构成抽象名词,表示性质、状态,意为“可…性”、“易…性”、“可…”。
e.g. suit --suitable ----- suitability move – movable --- movability
There is always the (possible) ___________ of an earthquake in this region, but so far there has been no sign of trouble. (possibility)
The rapid development of science and technology has opened up many (possible) __________ to human beings. (possibilities)
★-able / ible : 形容词后缀,附加在动词后,表示“可…的”、“能…的”;也可附在名词后构成形容词,表示“可…的”
e.g. sale – saleable 可出售的notice --- noticeable 可注意到的
move – movable 可移动的sense --- sensible 可感觉的
It’s (reason) ________ for parents to pay for their children’s education.(2004.12)(reasonable)
The weather here is (change) ________. You’d better bring a raincoat with you in case it rains. (changeable)
★–ably / ibly : 副词后缀,由形容词后缀–able/ -ible 转成,表示“…地”、“可…地”e.g. note – notable --- notably sense – sensible – sensibly
★– acy 名词后缀,构成抽象名词,表示状态、性质等
e.g. private --- privacy 隐居,私密accurate -- accuracy 精确
★– age名词后缀
(1)表示集合名词:baggage 行李teenage 青少年luggage (总称)行李
average 平均数
(2)表示地点、场所:passage 通道village 村庄cottage 村舍
(3)表示费用:postage 邮费
(4)表示活动、动作:
e.g. marry – marriage 结婚leak --- leakage 漏
(5)表示情况、状态、身份等:courage 勇气shortage 不足
★– al(1)形容词后缀,表示“…的”、“具有…特性的”
e.g. nation – national 国家的emotion --- emotional 感情上的
addition – additional 附加的,额外的
The organization started a (nation) _______ campaign against cigarette smoking in public places. (national)
(2)名词后缀,表示“动作”、“过程”,或表示人和物
e.g. arrive --- arrival 到达refuse – refusal 拒绝
try --- trial 尝试survive --- survival 幸存
criminal 罪犯
At the meeting a (propose) _____ was put forward by John Smith. (proposal)
★– ality 复合名词后缀,由形容词后缀–al + 名词后缀- ity 而成,表示“性质”或“具有某种性质的事物”
e.g. equal – equality 平等national –nationality 国籍
★–an (1)名词后缀,表示“…地方的人”、“精通…的人”
e.g. American美国人Asian 亚洲人
(2)形容词后缀,表示“属于…的”、“有…性质的”、“属于某地方的”,带此后缀的形容词有的兼做名词
e.g. Roman 罗马的;罗马人American 美国的;美国人Asian 亚洲的;亚洲
★–ance/ ancy : 抽象名词后缀,与形容词后缀-ant相对应,表示状态、情况及性质等,许多名词具有-ance 和–ancy 两种形式
e.g. relevant --- relevance (relevancy) 关联,恰当,有关
elegant ----elegance (elegancy) 优美endurance 忍耐
assistant --- assistance 援助
The boss gave him a raise in salary because of his excellent (perform) ________ at work. (performance)
★– ant: (1)形容词后缀,与名词后缀–ance 或-ancy 相对应,表示“…的”、“具有…
性质的”
e.g. assistance – assistant 辅助的significance --- significant 重大的
relevance – relevant 有关的
Advice, sometimes, may not sound (please) _________ to our ears, but it will prove helpful. (pleasant)
★– arity 复合名词后缀,由–ar + - ity 而成,表示情况、性质等
e.g. similar ---- similarity 相似regular – regularity 规律性
popular – popularity 普及,大众性
★–ate : (1) 名词后缀表示人(某种职业或某种地位的人);表示职位、职权
e.g. candidate 候选人delegate 代表doctorate 博士学位
(2)动词后缀,表示“成为…”、“使化合”、“处理”
e.g. fascinate 使着迷educate 教育
The gas company officials (investigation) ___________ the cause of an explosion which badly damaged a house in London. ( investigated)
(3)形容词后缀,表示“具有…特征的”、“充满…的”、“如…形状的”、“具有…