三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案

三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案

宾语从句语法讲解

一、宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：

1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如：We knew （that）we should learn from each other.

2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.

3. 由who，where，how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：

Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？

二、三要素

1. 引导词

如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用

if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。

2. 语序

①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：

He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The tea cher said（that）he was an honest boy.

②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：

Does he work hard？I wonder.→I wonder if/whether he works hard.

When did he leave？I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left.

3. 时态

①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况

而定。如：

I have heard（that）he will come back next week.

②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要

用过去的某种时态。如：

He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.

注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：

He said that light travels much faster than sound.

三、人称的变化和标点的使用

1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句

的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：

“May I use your knife？”He asked me. →He asked me

if he might use my knife.

“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me.

→He asked me if I know her telephone number.

2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问

Can you tell me how I can get to the station？→Can you tell me how to get to the station？

宾语从句专项练习

一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.

He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.

2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.

My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.

3．There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.

Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.

4．Can they speak French? I want to know.

I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French. 5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.

Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games. 6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.

Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.

7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?

Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?

8．Where did she park her car? Do you know?

Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?

9．What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.

The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about. 10．Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.

I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.

11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.

I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.

12. What's his name? I asked him.

I asked him what _____ _____ _____.

13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.

Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.

14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.

He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.

15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.

I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.

二、选择填空。

( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said

____________________.

A. if you are free the next week

B. what colour was it