初升高英语衔接词法句法课件(共35张)

4. I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式
5. I saw him going upstairs. 现在分词 doing
6. They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
We will soon make our city what your city is
7._T__h_e_y__(他们) are new students. _T__h_e_ir__(他们的)
names are Lucy and Lily.
8. These are __o_u_r___(我们的) shoes. Can __w__e__(我们) wear _t_h_e_m__(它们)?
初高中英语衔接 词法及句法
英语词性的分类及用法
词类
英语名称
作用
名
词 Noun（缩写为n.） 表示人或事物的名称
代
词 Pronoun (pron.) 用来代替名词、形容词或数词
等
数
词 Numeral (num.) 表示数量或顺序
形容词 副词
Adjective（adj.） Adverb (adv.)
介，句
His words sound reasonable.
定语 用来修饰名词或代词
形，代，数，名,
We have eight lessons every day.
副，介词短语或句子
状语
修饰动词，形容词，副词，表 示动作发生的时间，地点，原 因，目的，方式，结果等
副词，介词短语或句 子
He works very hard. They held a party in Hollywood.
七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要 有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句 子的意义完整。
1. They elected me captain of the team. 名词
2. We try to make our country strong. 形容词
3. We found everything in good order there.介词短语
三）表语(predicative): 它的位置在
____系_动_词_________之后。是用来说明主
语的__性__质___,__状_态___, ___特_征___的.
1. My father is a professor. n.
2. Who's that? It's me. pron.
3. Everything here is expensive. adj.
定语修饰名词代，状修动词还有副。 主谓人称数一致，宾语之后常有补。
Exercises：
划分下列句子成分
1. 2.
The He
machine doesn’t work.
主
谓
is anahnohnoenstessttudent.
句子成分
主语
主系 定 表
3. The silk feels soft.
谓语
4. seeing is believing.
V-ing
5. The picture is on the wall. prep. 6. Three times five is fifteen. num.
7. His plan is to seek work in the city. to do不定式
7. There are twelve months in a year. (month)
8. Would you like some tomatoes ? (tomato)
9. Look at those people in the boats! (people)
10. Look! The women are singing. (woman)
常用词性
n/pron. V
主 系表
4. I have a lot of friends here.
●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。 英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子 的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配， 就能写出完整、正确的句子。
句子成分详解表
句子成分
意义
主语 表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事
谓语
宾语 表语
说明主语做什么，是什么或怎 么样
表示动作行为的对象
与联系动词连用，一起构成谓 语，说明主语的性质或特征
15. The girl under the tree is a friend of___L_u_c_y_’s_. (Lucy)
句子成分及划分
一、句子的重要性
句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才 有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：
主语、谓语动词、宾语、表语、 定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。
9．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.
you
your
根据所给单词的正确形式填空：
1. Different people may have different _id_e_a_s_. (idea)
2. I often go to work on foot
. (foot)
8. the truth is that he has never been abroad.
句子
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。 宾语一般放在__动_词_/动_词_短_语____之后。__介_词__词后也 会跟宾语。
1. I like English. n.
2. I don't like it. pron.
3. I know one of the boys . (boy)
4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of glasses . (glass)
5. Please give them their photos . (photo)
6. Are there any watches in the box? (watch)
在它所修饰的名词之__前___；短语和从句作定
语时则放在它所修饰的名词之__后___。
1. They are woman workers. n.
2. Tom's father is a teacher. 名词所有格
3. Mary is a beautiful girl. adj 4. The play has three acts. num.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
11. September 10th is Teachers’
Day. (teacher)
12. Jim has someknives. (knife)
13. How much are these vegetables ? (vegetable)
14. My school is twenty _m_i_n_u_t_e_s’_ walk from here. (minute)
用来修饰名词，表示人或事物 的特性、性质
用来修饰动词、形容词或其他 副词，表示动作或形状的特性
冠
词
Article (art.)
用在名词前，帮助说明名词所
指的人或事物
动词
Verb (v.)
表示人或事物的动作或状态
介
词 Preposition (prep.) 用在名词、代词等前面，说明
句子中词与词之间的关系
names here.
从句
六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、 目的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。
1. The best fish swim near the bottom. 地点状语 2. I left the village five years ago. 时间状语 3. I arrived late because of the traffic jam . 原因状语 4. We'll send a car to fetch you. 目的状语 5. The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving
充当词类
名，代，数，不定 式，动名词，短语或 句子
动词或动词词组
例句 We study in No.11 Middle School.
She is dancing under the tree.
同主语
Both of us like English.
名，代，数，形，副， Her father is a chemist.
5. This is her first trip to Europe. 序数词 /to do 不定式
6. China is a developing country. 现在分词 doing 7. I have nothing to eat. to do 不定式
8. Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their
3. I enjoy working with you. V-ing 4. Give me four please. num. 5. He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式
6. We need know what others are doing.
句子
（五）定语 是修饰_名__词.单词作定语时通常放
宾语 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系 补足语
形容词，名词，介词 She always keeps the house
短语等
clean.
主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
英语的句子成分：
一） 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事 物。 Walls have ears. 名词 He will take you to the hospital. 代词 Three plus four equals seven. 数词 To see is to believe. to do不定式 Smoking is not allowed in public places. 动名词 What he needs is a book. 句子
only bones 结果状语 6. The students came into the classroom, singing and
dancing. 伴随状语 7. If he goes, so will I .条件状语 8. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
in
and but Brrr! God! Look out!Ouch!
1.___I___(我) am a worker. __Y_o_u___(你) are a doctor. ___S_h_e__(她) is a teacher.
2.This is__h_i_s_ (他的 )shirt.
now.
从句
八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态， 原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主 语补足语 1. I was elected captain of the team. 2. Our country will be made strong.
与宾语补足语一样
记忆口诀
主谓宾表定状补，解释说明同位语。 句子主干主谓宾（表），枝叶成分定状补。
连
词 Conjunction (conj.) 用来连接词、短语或句子
感 叹 词 Interjection (interj.) 表示说话时的感情或口气
例词
book China He他 that那 one first safe beautiful hard here
an，a，the
eat have under
英语的句子成分：
二）谓语(predicate) 由__动__词_/动__词_短_语____担任。助动词或情态 动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓
语动词。
Action speaks louder than words.
简单谓语
Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994. 复合谓语
3. This is ____m_y_____(我的)pen.
4.__T__h_e_ir___(他们的) trousers are there. 5. I like this picture. Please give ___it_____(它) to_m__e__(我).
6. People get __t_h_e_ir___(他们的) money from____m_e____(我).