2018年郑州大学翻译硕士真题 357英语翻译基础

2018年郑州大学翻译硕士真题
（357英语翻译基础）
1.Lexical Translation（50points）
1.Translate the following lexical items into English（30points）
1）小康社会
3）知识产权
4）外汇储备
5）综合国力
6）次贷危机
7）低碳经济
8）结构性就业矛盾
9）共享单车
10）按揭贷款
2.Translate the following lexical items into Chinese (20points)
1) Scientific outlook on development
2) Gross Domestic Production
3) Ecological Civilization
4) Industrial waste sources
5) Positive energy
6) The principle of "peaceful reunification"
7) Humanitarian aid
8) RMB Internationalization
9) The system of green technical innovation
10) High-speed railway
2. Sentence translation (50 points)
1. Translate the following text into Chinese(20points)
1. The site of nuclear power plant is largely determined by the environment.
2. As radioactive substances decay, they release charged particles that when properly harvested can create an electrical current.
3. Using nuclear energy to generate electricity was only developed in the 20th century.
What is unfortunate is that the coasts of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant are very high, making the speed of construction much slower than previously predicated.
4. Much of the charge came from a slump in the value of UraMin, a uranium-mining firm bought for a giddy price, when nuclear power was surging.
5. The common misconception is that nuclear fusion power is a virtually unlimited source of energy because of the enormous quantity of deuterium in the sea.
6. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel.
7. Costs for solar and wind energy have plummeted while the price of producing nuclear has soared because of increasing safety requirements.
8. The threat of nuclear and radiological terrorism remains one of the greatest challenges to international safety requirements.
9. Nuclear power does not cause air pollution and does not produce carbon dioxide which aggravates global warming.
10. With the enhancement of technology and security measures, likelihood of nuclear accidents could be reduced to the minimum. That is to say, nuclear power could be developed and utilized safely.
2. Translate the following text into English. (30 points)
1) 电子实绕原子核转动且带有负电荷的极其微小的粒子
2) 直流电是一种总是沿同一方向流动的电流
3) 当把导线快速地来回弯曲折断时，部分功就转换成热，所以导电
4) 只有当粒子紧密到能相互施加较大的力时，他们才能使彼此产生这样的振动
5) 因磁场与线圈内电流有关，所以电流的任何变化都会引起它周围磁场的变化
6) 冷却很容易被解释为是由于为了克服分子之间引力而做功的结果
7) 能量不能被创造也不能被毁灭，虽然它的形式是可以变换的
8) 几乎任何一种绝缘体都多少具有保留电荷一段时间的能力
9) 处于天然状态的金属在转化成为人类服务有用形式之前，必须从和它结合在一起的其他元素或物质中分离出来。

化学家已能创造出一些方法，把金属从和它在自然界中结合在一起的物质中分离出来。

III. tẹxt translation (50points)
1. Translate the following text into Chinese (20points)
A private American organization called Population Action International did the new study. It says more than three-hundred-thirty-five-million people lack enough water now. The people 1ive in twenty-eight countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East.
Lack of water in the future may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking waters not safe. There are problems all over the world because of diseases, such as cholera, which are carried in water. Lack of water may also result in more international conflict. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. Lack of water would affect the ability of developing to improve their economies. This is because industries often need a large amount of water when they we beginning.
The Population Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. One way is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. Another way is to teach people to be careful not to waste water. A third way is to use less water of agriculture.
2. Translate the following text into English. (30points)
杭州是一座有悠久历史的文化名城。

“良渚文化”遗址即可证明，在五千多年前，这里已有人类繁衍生息。

杭州素以风景秀丽著称，七百年前，意大利旅行家马可·波罗曾称誉它是
“世界上最美丽华贵之城”。

境内西湖如明镜，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光绮丽。

湖上有彩带似的苏堤、白堤飘落其上。

环湖耸立的山峰，千姿百态。

杭州的春天，淡妆浓抹，无不相宜；夏日荷香阵阵，沁人心脾；秋天桂枝飘香，菊花斗艳；冬日琼装玉琢，俏丽媚人。

西湖以变幻多姿的风韵，令人心旷神怡。

人们来到这里，无异于回到了大自然的怀抱，能充分享受纯朴的自然灵气。

美的山水孕育着美的心灵，美的心灵创造着美的艺术。

历来的大诗人、大文学家、大艺术家，都在杭州留下了不朽的篇章。

杭州的民间艺术更是异彩纷呈，引人瞩目。