心血管疾病基因治

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

(2)可利用性血管生成 (Recapitulated Vasculogenesis),即原有的 小动脉转变形成肌小动脉, 或原有的侧枝循环血管进一 步扩展。
2013-8-10
6
血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)是特异性血 管内皮细胞促分裂物,一种在线粒体上 第7号外显子基因编码的蛋白质(糖蛋 白),以同源二聚体的形式存在。 在正常心脏发展中VEGF是主要血管生成 蛋白,具有促进微静脉、小静脉通透性 增加,血管内皮细胞分裂、增殖、细胞 质钙聚集以及诱导血管生成的强大的促 新生血管生成作用。
1998年,Sellke等报告8例严重冠心 病患者,在冠脉搭桥术中无法搭桥 的缺血心肌区域中埋植含有bFGF 蛋白的藻酸肝素颗粒; 在随访3个月中,其中7例无心绞痛 发作,3例同位素心肌灌注显像在 药物治疗区域心肌灌注增加,8例 中无一例发生不良反应。
2013-8-10
12
Losordo等报告5例药物治疗无效 以及又不适合PTCA或冠脉搭桥的 冠心病患者,经左前胸微切口将 编码VEGF165的裸质粒 (phVEGF165)DNA直接注入心 肌内。 Douglas W. Losordo, MD St.
Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA Circulation. 1998;98:2800-2804.
2013-8-10
13
手术10天后5例患者心绞痛症状明 显减轻,其中2例在30天后症状完 全消失,3例术后左室射血分数无 改变,2例明显改善。 术后60天多巴胺同位素心肌灌注显 像显示所有病人心肌缺血明显改善, 冠脉造影Rentrop分级明显增加。 全部5例患者未发现任何毒付作用。
2013-8-10
14
Figure 3. SPECT-sestamibi perfusion imaging. Top, Example of improvement in a "fixed" defect (perfusion abnormality on resting image). In patient (Pt.) 4, a moderate area of decreased perfusion is seen in the infero-lateral wall (arrow) before gene therapy. After gene therapy, perfusion is improved. Bottom, Example of improvement in an area of ischemia. In Pt. 2, a small zone of decreased perfusion is seen in the inferior wall (arrow) before treatment. After treatment, the matching scan shows no evidence of this perfusion defect while a zone of ischemia on the anterior (opposite) wall persists. Gene Therapy for Myocardial Angiogenesis. Douglas W. Losordo, MD St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA Circulation. 1998;98:2800-2804. 2013-8-10 15
2013-8-10
4
二、Chronic Myocardial Ischemia
正常成人毛细血管 细胞翻转率; 心脏新生血管生成可以有两种形式: (1)真性血管生成 (Angiogenesis),即新生毛细血管 形成,一种涉及细胞基质分解、细 胞迁移、粘连、增生和管腔形成过 程;
2013-8-10 5
2013-8-10
19
Figure 5. A, NOGA LV EMM performed in 58-year-old man. NOGA images in left anterior oblique projection before GTx show UpV and LLS maps using same color scale as in Figure 1A; red zone on LLS map (top right) and preserved viability (purple/pink/blue/green) on UpV map (top left) constitute a focus of electromechanical uncoupling that suggests ischemic or hibernating myocardium (arrow) in lateral LV wall. UpV and LLS maps in same projection constructed 60 days after GTx (bottom left and right, respectively) disclose near-complete resolution of lateral wall ischemic zone (8.08 cm2 before GTx vs 0.16 cm2 after GTx) corresponding to changes observed on SPECT scan (panel B). Vertical and horizontal axes (x, y, and z) are presented as white lines. B, Persantine SPECT-sestamibi myocardial perfusion scanning. Selected short-axis and horizontalaxis stress and resting images that used same color scale as in Figure 1B were taken before and after phVEGF165 GTx in same patient as shown in panel A. Pre-GTx scans (top) show large partially reversible lateral wall defect (arrows) and moderate reversible septal wall defect (arrowheads). Post-GTx scans (bottom) show almost complete normalization of resting perfusion and marked improvement in stress images.
2013-8-10
16
他们证实所有患者心绞痛症状明显改善, 注射病毒载体区域的节段运动异常减轻, 单纯(非冠脉搭桥)基因治疗的患者 (6例)运动平板试验提示心肌缺血明 显好转。 在随后的6个月随访中,未发现任何与 VEGF载体移植有关的全身或心血管系 统的毒付作用。
2013-8-10
17
Vale等报告另外一组13例VEGF临 床治疗观察。经左前胸切口直接心 肌内注射phVEGF165后,同位素 心肌显像和经皮左室导管电机械标 测均证实心肌灌注改善。
2013-8-10
2
心血管疾病的研究的微观化过程;
基因治疗在人类疾病治疗上的地位和作 用以及作为一种新兴的治疗手段和方法 已被广大研究人员和临床医生所接受并 实践;
目前世界上有关心血管疾病基因治疗的 实验和临床研究多达1200项,3000多例 患者已经进行了基因治疗临床试验;
2013-8-10
3
现就基因治疗某些心血管疾病的 动物实验和初步临床观察结果做 一简单介绍。
2013-8-10
7
根据氨基酸数量的不同,VEGFA可有不同的分离形式:VEGF121、145、165、189 和206, 其中VEGF121和165十分重要。 VEGF蛋白的功能是与内皮细胞 的特殊受体相互作用,产生格 状物增生、积聚,形成管状结 构的动静脉网络。
2013-8-10
8
冠心病心肌缺血的基因治疗是将促血管生 长因子表达基因导入心脏组织,在局部产 生蛋白多肽而发挥作用; 局部移植有直接器官组织内注射,或将载 体溶液选择性地注射或灌注在靶器官的动 脉内; 缺血性冠心病的基因运载方式包括直接冠 脉内注射、直接心肌内(经心外膜下或心 内膜下)注射和心包腔内注射(灌注)。
Peter R. Vale, MD; Circulation. 2000;102:965. St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
2013-8-10
18
Figure 4. A, NOGA LV EMM performed in 48-year-old woman. NOGA images in right anterior oblique projection before GTx show UpV map (top left) with normal voltages suggestive of viable myocardium (purple/pink/blue/green) and LLS map (top right) with large zone of abnormal wall motion (red, arrow) representing electromechanical uncoupling that suggests ischemic or hibernating myocardium predominantly involving the septum. UpV and LLS maps in right anterior oblique projection 60 days after GTx (bottom left and right, respectively) demonstrate almost complete resolution of ischemic zone (ischemic area 9.57 cm2 before GTx vs 0.39 cm2 after GTx). Changes in LLS correspond to changes observed on SPECT scan (panel B). Red line represents long axis through apex. B, Persantine SPECT-sestamibi myocardial perfusion scanning. Selected short-axis and horizontal-axis stress and resting images taken before and after phVEGF165 GTx in same patient as shown in panel A. White/yellow color depicts maximal uptake of radionuclide, and red depicts impaired uptake. Pre-GTx scans (top) show fixed anteroapical defect (arrowhead) and partially reversible inferoseptal defect (arrow). Post-GTx scans (bottom) show complete normalization of resting perfusion with small persistent reversible anteroapical defect after pharmacological stress. Peter R. Vale, MD; Circulation. 2000;102:965,
2013-8-10
9
2013-8-10
Figure 1: Gene-transfer vectors
wk.baidu.com10
Figure 2: Gene delivery routes for treatment of myocardium and coronary heart disease
2013-8-10 11
心血管疾病基因治 疗:新世纪的挑战
Cardiovascular Gene Therapy: Century Challenge
齐向前 上海第二医科大学仁济医院
2013-8-10
1
一、Introductions
20年来分子生物学取得了飞速的发展; 基因(Gene)可作为一种“药物”直接 或间接对基因损伤及其表达产物进行修 复和补充; 基因移植(Transfer)已经作为一种新 的潜在的方法用来治疗和纠正某些心血 管疾病;
他们在随后的随机双盲安慰剂对照 试验中,证实100 µg bFGF对心绞痛 有较好的治疗效果。
Rosengant等报告21例在冠脉搭桥术中心肌 内注射Ad(GV)VEGF121.10的30天随访I期 临床观察结果。
Circulation. 1999;100:468-. Rosengart TK, MD, Weill Medical College of Cornell University–New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY; GenVec, Inc (T.M.G.), Rockville, Md; and Division of Biostatistics (M.L.L.), North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY.
相关文档
最新文档