第八章 标书翻译

第八章标书翻译

1标书文件特点

1.1条理性

标书文件像合同一样大多采用纲目、条款或细则等体例，因此要求条理十分清晰。标书文件一般包括投标者须知、投标文件、投标准备、开标评标和授标五个纲目，每一个纲目又有相应条款组成，比如授标包括授标标准、业主的权利、授标通知、签订合同、履约保函等一系列条款，同时，每一条款又含有具体细则说明。

1.2规范性。

标书文件文体要求用词规范，不管是英语还是汉语，都要求正式的语言。

例如：履约保函Performance Security

英文：Within 28 days of receipt of the Letter of Acceptance, the successful tenderer shall furnish to the Employer a security for the due performance of the Contract, in accordance with the Conditions of Contract. The form of performance security provided in the tender documents may be used, or some other form acceptable to the Employer.

中文：在收到接受证书后２８天内，成功投标者应按合同条款向业主提交一份保函，保证将执行合同。保函可以使用投标文件中提供的格式，也可使用其他业主接受的格式。

2标书文件翻译要点

2.1术语专业

在招标文件中有大量的专业术语，这些专业术语近似于行话，尽管具有国际通用性，有明确的特定含义，但一般辞书中往往查不到，不了解招投标业务的人很难准确地理解和翻译。

如：采购Procurement 投标资格预审Pre-qualification

投标资格预审文件Pre-qualification documents 投标资格后审Post-qualify

标前会Pre-bid meeting 招标文件Bidding Documents 投标邀请函Invitation For Bids

谈判采购Negotiating Bids 联营体Joint Venture

例1投标人应完整地填写招标文件中提供的外贸投标书、技术投标书、投标一览表和投标报价表(包括投标报价汇总表和分项报价表)。价格表（表中项目除价格数字外都要填写）及报价说明三份（一正二副）和投标人银行保函应分别单独密封，随投标文件一同递交。

译文：Among the tender documents, tenderers shall fill out completely the Business Tender, Technical Tender, Tender List and Tender Quotation. The Quotation (all items in the Quotation shall be filled out except for the prices) and three copies (one Original and two Duplicates) of the Instructions to Quotations as well as the letter of guarantee from the bank of tenderers must be sealed separately, and be submitted together with the tender documents.

原文中术语“外贸投标书、技术投标书、投标一览表和投标报价表”分别译为“the Business Tender, Technical Tender, Tender List and Tender Quotation.”

2.2 措词精当

如同所有的法规性文件一样，招投标文件在情态动词的选用上特别慎重：shall、will、should、may、must各司其职，翻译时不可混淆。在招标采购过程中，招标方处于居高临下的地位，在对投标人提出要求时总倾向于使用带有强制性含义，翻译时应该用shall或must。显然此shall 并不是单纯表示未来的助动词，而是表示命令的情态动词：应该。

例2投标人必须就技术说明做出承诺，保证技术可行或有效。

译文：Bidders shall state the guaranteed performance or efficiency in response to the technical specification.

例3投标人应将满足设备正常运行的推荐性三年备品配件单独列出并报出单价。

译文：Tenderers shall list separately parts and components that satisfy the recommended three years’ normal operation, and quote their prices.

例4采购方在适当时可以全部或部分终止合同，但必须向供货方发出书面通知。

译文：The Purchaser, by written notice sent to the Supplier, may terminate the Contract, in whole or in part, at any time for its convenience.

2.3 文体正规

招投标文件文体属正规文体，倾向于使用一些书面用词，甚至不惜使用一些冷僻古旧用词，以体现其庄重严肃。随便翻开一本招投标文件就会发现这一特点。

2.3.1繁复短语代替简单介、连词

不论是合同还是标书文件，习惯用繁复短语代替简单的介词或连词。

如in the nature of 代替like along the lines of 代替like

例5合同实施或与合同有关的一切争端应通过双方协商解决。如果协商开始后60天还不能解决，争端应提交仲裁。

译文：Both parties shall aim to settle any disputes concerning the Contract or the execution of the Contract through consultation. In case any dispute cannot be settled within 60 days after the consultation begins, it shall be brought to arbitration.

例6若有分歧，原件为准。

译文：In the event of any discrepancy between them, the Original shall govern.

例7投标文件还包括按条款八在开标前发布的附件和按条款十六召开的标前会议的会议纪要。译文：Tender documents shall include any addenda issued prior to the closing date of tenders in accordance with Clause 8 and any minutes of pre-tender meetings issued in accordance with Clause 16 of these Instructions to Tenderers.

2.3.2笨重动词代替轻灵动词

例8中标人的投标保证金，在中标人按本须知第34条规定签订合同并按本须知第35条规定交纳了履约保证金后予以退还。

译文：The tender bond of the successful tenderer will be returned after the tenderer signs the Contract according to Clause 34 of the Notice and submits the performance bond according to Clause 35 of the Notice.

例9买方可在任何时候出于自身的便利向卖方发出书面通知全部或部分终止合同，终止通知应明确该终止合同是出于买方的便利，并明确合同终止的程度，以及终止的生效日期。Buyer may send a written notice to Seller at any time for its own convenience to terminate all or part of the Contract. The termination notice shall indicate clearly that it is for Buyer’s convenience that the Contract is terminated, the scale to which the Contract is terminated, as well as the effective date of the termination.

2.3.3大量使用(here-, there-)复合词

例10外币与当地货币需求及附录中详细说明需要的外币和当地货币数量。投标者应说明如何使用这些货币，用于但不限于下列方面：

译文：Foreign Currency and Local Currency Requirements, and the annex thereto, Tenderers