2011年1月8日雅思阅读真题标准答案及解析
雅思口语2011年01月08日考题回顾
雅思口语2011年01月08日考题回顾考试日期2011.01.08Part 1Your Work or Your StudiesWhat do you do (in a typical day) at work?Do you like your job?Would you like to change your job?Do you think you will need to receive any training in thefuture?What job would you like to do in the future?Why are you taking the IELTS test?Do you think the first day at work is important?What subjects are you studying?Why did you choose that subject?What school (or university) do you go to?Why did you choose that university (or, school)?How do you like your subject?What's your favourite subject at school?What's the most difficult part of your course?What's the most interesting part of your course (yoursubject)?For you, what's the most interesting part (or subject or class)of your course?Do you think it will be easy to find that kind of work?Did you like your first day at university?Do you think the first day at university is important?Your Home& Your AccommodationDo you live in a house or a flat?How long have you lived there?Do you plan to live there for a long time?Please describe your home a little.What are the benefits (or, advantages) of living in aflat/house?What's your favourite room in your home? (Why?)How do you think your home (your house or your flat) couldbe improved?What is the environment like around your flat/house?Is it easy to travel to and from your home?Would you say it's a good place to live?Where do you come from?Where do you live at the moment?Does your whole family live there?Tell me something about your hometown.What would you recommend a tourist see in your hometown? Do you prefer to live in a big city or in the countryside? Would you say it's a good place to grow up?Would you say that's a good place to live?Do you plan to live there/here for a long time?What (other) city would you like to live in (in the future)? What's the traffic situation like in your hometown (or, where you are living now)?WeatherWhat's the weather (usually) like in your hometown?What changes are there between the different seasons in your country?What's your favourite season? (Why?)Do you usually pay attention to the weather forecasts?Does the weather ever affect what you do?Do you (or, do people in China) do the same things in the different seasons of the year?CookingDo you like cooking?Who usually does the cooking in your family (or, in your home)?When did you learn how to cook?In the future, do you think you will be cooking more than you do now, or less? (Why?)Clothes and FashionDo you like shopping for clothes?Are you very interested in fashion (or, clothes fashions)?Do many people (in China) follow fashion?AnimalsDo you like animals?What's your favourite animal?Are people in your country fond of animals?Do you think cities are suitable places for keeping a pet? SportDo you like (to play/to do) any sports?What sports are most popular with young people today?Did you take part in any (organized) sport in school?Do you think sport is important?Are there any sports facilities near where you live?In the future, what sports would you like to play?FoodWhat food did you like to eat when you were a child?Do you still like that food now?Do you think it's good to (often) take children to restaurants? CollectingDid you collect anything when you were a child?Do you still collect them now?Why do you think people like collecting things?If you had a lot of money, what would you like to collect? FilmsWhat types of films do you like?Do you prefer to watch films at home or in a cinema?Are there any types of films that you dislike?What kinds of films did you like to watch when you were a child?MuseumAre there many (or, any) museums in your hometown?Do you often visit a museum?Did you go to museums when you were younger?When was the last time you visited a museum?Do you think museums are important?Do you think museums should sell things to visitors? DancingDo you like dancing?Have you ever learned to dance?When was the last time you danced?Do you like to watch dance performances?Why do you think some people like to dance?ReadingDo you like reading books?What kinds of books do you like to read?When you were young, what books made the greatest impression on you?What do you think are the benefits of reading to children? Would you like to write a book?Would you like to receive a book as a gift?Daily routineWhat do you do mainly do with your time?What is the best part of the day for you? (Why?)When do you do most of your study?Would you like to change your daily routine?LanguagesWhat language do you usually speak?Would you say it's a difficult language to learn?What language would you like to learn in the future? (Why?)Part 2&3PlaceDescribe a modern building that you think is interesting.Do you prefer old buildings or modern buildings?What do you think are the advantages of modern buildingsover old buildings?Do you think the (outside) appearance of a building isimportant?Do you think government buildings should be more practicalthan attractive?Do you think interesting modern buildings can be used toattract tourists?What facilities do you think modern cities should have?Describe a place you have visited（want to visit）？Why many people want to live in this place?There’s many problem in transportation in this place?So why many people still wants to live in this place?How this place affects people?Why people like to live in the city?Describe a place you go to that has a lot of noise.What noises can we hear in a city?Do you think noise (ever) has any benefits?Do you think noise can be considered to be a form ofpollution?What harm can noise do to people's health?How do you suggest this noise could be controlled?What do you think the government should do about excessivenoise?describe a trip that you can learn from the historyObject/ ThingDescribe a well-known story from your country.Why do you think (little) kids like listening to stories?Describe a quiz show you watch on TV that you areinterested in attending.Is quiz show popular in China?Why young people do not like quiz shows?Are there many competitions in everyday life?Some people say that competition has some disadvantages.Do you agree?Do you think that people are born to be competitive?Describe a useful piece of (electrical) equipment that you。
剑桥雅思8阅读整体解析
2、希望从5.5分的基础达到6分或6.5，甚至希望达到7分的考生
猜想四：选择题高调现身2011
Multiple Choice这一考题在2011年肯定会有低调而奢华的体现。所谓低调，虽然考查都没有超过20%的考试比列，但是细心的烤鸭会发现，久经中国考试的烤鸭们愈发的觉得雅思Multiple Choice 越来越难做。出现剑桥真题系列中的考试模式，被长句的问题和长句的选项所代替。大家还是要主动出击，认真备考。
下面，我们再来看一下2011年第一季度雅思阅读各题型的平均考查率，以便我们从整体上把握各题型在复习时的重要程度、投入的时间与精力。同时，也好在下半年的复习中做出适当的改变和调整。
2011年第一季度雅思阅读各题型考查率平均值
相信经过上面一系列的数据分析，各位考生已经从中看出了一些端倪：对于准备在2011年下半年参加雅思考试的考生来讲，就阅读部分而言，以Summary总结摘要题为代表的填空类题型和TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN（或YES/NOT/NOT GIVEN）是非判断题，一定是我们在复习时需要重点强化的题型！
Ⅰ 剑桥雅思8阅读整体解析
剑桥雅思8的各大题型整体分布图
从剑桥雅思8中，我们统计它的题型分布如下：
Test one 段落信息配对 4
从属配对 4
看图填空 5 段落主旨 6
判断题
看图填空 3
判断 5 段落主旨 4
2011年1月SAT阅读真题 perfect
2011年1月SAT真题SECTION 3Questions 9-13 are based on the following passagesPassage 1Ecotourism has been broadly defined as recreational travel that is focused on the natural environment and thatseeks to minimize its impact on that environment.However, there is little doubt that increasing numbers5 of ecotourists also pose a threat to the quality andsustainability of natural ecosystems. Numerous accountsof tourists' "loving nature to death" have been reported,and concern is growing that ecotourism is becomingnothing more than a "green" label that dresses up10 exploitative and destructive human behavior. Despitewidespread advocacy for education as a solution tominimizing ecotourists' impacts on the naturalenvironment, few tests of the effectiveness of educationalprograms in controlling tourists' behavior have been15 conducted.Passage 2Although a substantial part of tourism is the "sun, surf, and sand" variety, the fastest-growing segment isecotourism. There is, however, substantial concern aboutthe potential negative impacts of ecotourism on the20 environment and about the necessity to plan and regulateecotourism to prevent them. There clearly have been abuses and mismanaged activities. Better planning and regulationare essential. Yet ecotourism brings many people intoenvironments in which they can learn about the locale25 and learn environmental principles that can heighten theirawareness of and commitment to environmentalprotection in general. Increased emphasis onenvironmental learning as part of ecotourism could helpprevent or reduce ecotourism's negative impacts.9. The authors of both passages would most likely agree that ecotourism(A) is most popular in sunny coastal environments(B) may harm the environment it claims to value(C) may soon be more common than other types of tourism(D)serves to educate the public about environmental issues(E) should be tightly regulated in order to minimize its impact10. Unlike Passage 2. Passage I primarily emphasizes ecotourism's(A)economic consequences(B)educational value(C)increasing popularity(D)uncertain origins(E)damaging effects11. The author of Passage 2 would most likely characterize the tourists who love "nature to death" (Passage I. line 7) as(A)evidence of the need for further environmental education(B) proof that ecotourism should be banned within fragile ecosystems(C) concerned about the impact of their actions(D) unaware of the regulations governing ecotourism(E) insincere in their interest in the environment12. In line 15. "conducted" most nearly means(A)performed(B)channeled(C)transmitted(D)escorted(E)directed13. Which statement best characterizes the relationship between thetwo passages?(A) Passage 2 provides a historical perspective on a situation that Passage 1 portrays as a recent: problem.(B) Passage 2 takes a positive stance on an Issue thatPassage 1 presents somewhat pessimistically.(C) Passage 2 provides personal experience with a phenomenon Passage I considers theoretically.(D) Passage 2 suggests an innovative solution to apuzzle outlined in Passage 1.(E) Passage 2 provides evidence that counters a criticism raised in Passage 1.Questions 14-23 are based on the following passage.The following passage is adapted from a 2002 book about modern medicine.The explanation of pain that has dominated much of medical history originated with Rene Descartes,more than three centuries ago. Descartes proposedthat pain is a purely physical phenomenon----thattissue injury5 stimulates specific nerves that transmit an impulse tothe brain, causing the mind to perceive pain. Thephenomenon, he said, is like pulling on a rope to ringa bell in the brain. It is hard to overstate howingrained this account has become. In everydaymedicine, doctors10 see pain in Descartes's terms—as a physicalprocess, a sign of tissue injury. We look for aruptured disk or a fracture and we try to fix what'swrong.The limitations of this mechanistic explanation, however, have been apparent for some time, since people 15 with obvious injuries sometimes report feeling no painat all. In the 1960s researchers proposed that Descartes's model be replaced with what they called the gate control theory of pain. They argued that before pain signalsreach the brain, they must first go through a gatingmechanism20in the spinal cord, which could ratchet them up or down.In some cases, this hypothetical gate could simply stoppain impulse from getting to the brain.Their most startling suggestion was that what controlled the gate was not just signals from sensory nerves but also 25 emotions and other "output" from the brain. They weresaying that pulling on the rope need not make the bell ring.The bell itself—the mind—could stop it. This theoryprompted a great deal of research into how such factors as mood, gender, and beliefs influence the experience of30 pain. In a British study, for example, researchersmeasured pain threshold and tolerance levels in 52 ballet dancers and 53 university students by using a commonmeasurement known as the cold pressor test. The test isingeniously simple. (I tried it at home myself.) Afterimmersing your35 hand in body-temperature water for two minutes to establish a baseline condition, you dunk your hand in a bowl of ice water and start a clock running. You mark the time when it begins to hurt; that is your pain threshold. Then you mark the time when it hurts too much to keep 40 your hand in the water: that is your pain tolerance. The test is always stopped at 120 seconds, to prevent injury.The results were striking. On average female studentsrepotted pain at 16 seconds and pulled their hands out of the ice water at 37 seconds. Female dancers went almost 45 three times as long on both counts. Men in both groups had a higher threshold and tolerance for pain, but the difference between male dancers and male nondancers was nearly as large. What explains that difference? Probably it has something to do with the psychology of 50 ballet dancers—a group distinguished by self-discipline, physical fitness, and competitiveness, as well as by a high rate of chronic injury . Their driven personalities and competitive culture evidently inure them to pain.Other studies along these lines have shown that55 extroverts have greater pain tolerance than introverts and that, with training, one can diminish one's sensitivity to pain. There is also striking evidence that very simple kinds of mental suggestion can have powerful effects on pain. In one study of 500 patients undergoing denial procedures, 60 those who were given a placebo injection and reassured that it would relieve their pain had the least discomfort— not only less than the patients who got a placebo and were told nothing but also less than the patients who got a real anesthetic without any reassuring comment that it would65 work. Today it is abundantly evident that the brain is actively involved in the experience of pain and is no mere bell on a string. Today every medical textbook teaches the gate control theory as fact. There's a problem with it, though. It explains people who have injuries but feel no70 pain, but it doesn't explain the reverse, which is far more common—the millions of people who experience chronic pain, such as back pain, with no signs of injury whatsoever.Gate control theory accepts Descartes's view thatwhat you feel as pain is a signal from tissue injurytransmitted75 by nerves to the brain, and u adds the notion that thebrain controls a gateway for such an injury signal But inthe case of something like chronic back pain, there oftenis no injury . So where does the pain come from? Therope and clapper are gone, but the bell is still ringing.14. The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) describe how modem research has updated an old explanation(B) argue for the irrelevance of a popular theory(C) support a traditional view with new data(D) promote a particular attitude toward physical experience(E) propose an innovative treatment for a medical condition15. Which statement best describes Descartes's theory of pain aspresented in lines 3-8 ("Descartes... brain")?(A) The brain can shut pain off at will.(B) The brain plays no pan in the body's experience of pain.(C) Pain can be triggered in many different ways.(D) Pain is a highly personal phenomenon.(E) Pain is an automatic response to bodily injury.16. In line 11. "sign" most nearly means(A) symbol(B) gesture(C) image(D) indication(E) omen17. The author implies that the reason the gate control theory was"startling" (line 23) was that it(A) offered an extremely novel explanation(B) ran counter to people's everyday experiences(C) undermined a respected philosopher's reputation(D) was grounded in an incomprehensible logic(E) was so sensible it should have been proposed centuries before18.The author docs which of the following in lines 25-27("They ... it")?(A)Employs a previously used comparison to explain a newly introduced idea(B)Cites an aforementioned study to disprove a recentlypublished claim(C)Signals a digression from the main line of the argument(D)Invokes figurative language to note the drawbacks of an approach(E)Uses personification to explicate the intricacies of a theory19. In line 49. "psychology" most nearly means(A) mental makeup(B) emotional trauma(C) manipulative behavior(D) clinical investigation(D) underlying meaning20. The author suggests that "extroverts" (line 55) are like balletdancers with respect to their(A) reaction to social situations(B) sense of group identity(C) response to physical stimuli(D) need for the attention of others(E) peculiar attraction to suffering21. A defender of the gate control theory would most logically arguethat the "problem" (line 68) may lie not with the theory but with (A) medical professionals’ unwillingness toit as a thoroughlyverified hypothesis(B) diagnostic tools that cannot detect the injuries causingcurrently inexplicable condition(C) doctors who misdiagnose intermittent pain a chronic pain(D) the unfortunate tendency to medicate even minor ailments(E) the willingness of people to subject themselves to stressesthat lead to unconventional injuries22. The author refers to "chronic back pain" (line 77) as an example of something that is(A) costly, because it afflicts millions of people(B) dubious, because it is often claimed fraudulently(C) puzzling, because it sometimes has no apparent cause(D) frustrating, because it does not improve with therapy(E) tantalizing, because it lies beyond the reach of medicine23. The last sentence of the passage ("The rope ... ringing") servesprimarily to express(A)the incomprehensibility of scientific judgments(B)the inadequacy of abstract metaphors(C)the futility of theoretical inquiry(D)a conundrum that faces researchers(E)an ambiguity at the heart of scienceSECTION 4Questions 6-7 are based on the following passage.A turning leaf stays green at first, then revealssplotches of yellow and red as chlorophyll graduallybreaks down. Dark green seems to stay longest in theveins, outlining and defining them. During thesummer, chlorophyll breaks5 down in the heat and light, but it is also being steadilyreplaced. In the fall, on the other hand, no newpigment is produced, and so we notice the othercolors that were always there, although chlorophyll'sshocking green hid them from view. With theircamouflage gone, we see these10 colors for the first time all year, and marvel, but theywere always there, hidden like a vivid secret beneaththe hot glowing greens of summer.6. The passage serves primarily to(A)present a debate(B)explain a phenomenon(C)recount an experiment(D)advocate an action(E)refute a theory7. According to the passage, which of the following mostdirectly causes leaves to change their color in the fall?(A) Chlorophyll in the leaves beginning to break down then(B) Heat and light causing new pigments to be produced(C) Chlorophyll changing from green to other colors(D) Existing pigments becoming more uniform(E) New chlorophyll no longer being producedQuestions 8-9 are based on the following passage.I'm watching Sesame Street with my daughter. Today Grover has transported us to Alaska, where a local lass is suiting up to face the Arctic chill, with the help of hermother, who sews fur pelts together to fashion a coat to 5 repel the subzero temperatures. The child rushes out intothe crisp fresh air to meet other children, laughing sweetly.It looks so wholesome, so simple, so uncomplicated. No fancy schools to get into, no apartments to compare. Itlooked pleasant there, out in the bleak but weirdly alluring10 slate of glistening frost punctuated only by playful tykestoting their homemade lunches to school in swingingbuckets.8. The narrator would most likely characterize thedepiction of Alaska on Sesame Street as(A) lurid(B) idyllic(C) eclectic(D) nebulous(E) trite9. In context, the references to "fancy schools" and"apartments" (line 8) serve to(A)illustrate the glamour of urban environments(B)suggest some concerns the narrator may have(C)establish a contrast between past and present lifestyles(D)indicate the narrator's distaste for rural living(E)challenge the stereotyped view of a regionQuestions 10-16 are based on the following passages. These passages discuss Leroy "Satchel" Paige (1906 ?-1982), a star professional baseball pitcher who continued to play successfully even when he was much older than any other player. Passage I is adapted from a 1994 biography; Passage 2 front Paige’s autobiography.Passage 1When was Satchel Paige born? The myriad answers to that question have become one of the greatest sportsenigmas of all time and play a huge pan in bringing a sense of myth and mystery to Paige's life. When the Cleveland 5 Indians' owner Bill Veeck signed Paige in 1948. Veeck didas much to obfuscate the age issue—an issue he stokedconstantly as a public relations gimmick—as Satchel ever did himself. For aid and comfort in this, Vecck could count on the succor—witting or unwitting or perhaps both—of 10 Lula Coleman Paige, Satchel's mother.Lula Paige confided to a sportswriter that her son was in fact three years older than he was thought to be; a few years later, she had another epiphany. He was, she said,two years older. This she knew because she had writtendown the15 year of his birth in her Bible, and it said, right there,plain as day, "1904."When Satchel Paige committed his memoirs to print in 1962, though, he wasn't ready to go with thatversion. "Seems like Mom's Bible would know," hewrote, but20 she had never shown him that Bible. "Anyway." headded, "sometimes she tended to forget things."But never let it be said that Satchel Paige didn't learn from his mama. A decade and a half later, when Lula was gone, he was ready and rehearsed in the fable, only he had25 expanded Lula's homily to include thirteen Bibles...and thirteen goats. He had, he admitted, never actuallyseen the apocryphal Bible—but that was the fault ofone of the goats, which he insisted had mistaken thebook for cabbage leaves and eaten it. He did know onething.30 though. "That goat" he said with piquant irony, "lived tobe twenty-seven."Passage 2After I hit the top, every couple of months just about I got my name in the papers when those writers played guessing games about when I was born. I never put a stop 30 to it and my family and my buddies didn't help becausethey kept giving different dates. You see, nobody paid much attention when kids by the bay were born.But the government paid attention and there's a birth certificate in Mobile, Alabama, saying I was born40 July 7. 1906. Now I know it's made out for a LeRoy Page,but my folks started out spelling their name "Page'' andlater stuck in the “i” to make themselves sound morehigh-tone.There are all kinds of other dales floating around, too.45 but I'll go by that birth certificate. Besides, it doesn't reallymake any difference how old I tell people I am. They've been carrying on so long about my age, nobody will believe what I say. Like that gent 1 ran into in 1947. He quit playing in 1910, but he swore he played against me 50 I just let him talk.10. The primary purpose of both passages is to(A) address an uncertainty(B) discuss a solution(C) analyze two sides of a debate(D) illuminate a popular theory(E) question the importance of an idea11. Compared with the tone of the first paragraph ofPassage 1, the tone of the first paragraph of Passage 2 is more(A) pensive(B) scholarly(C) ambivalent(D) incredulous(E) conversational12. The "Bible" in line 15, Passage 1, and the "birth certificate" in lines 38-39, Passage 2. are each mentioned because they provide(A) emotional memories(B) supporting evidence(C) personal testimonials(D) comic relief(E) government documentation13. The author of Passage I presents Paige as speaking"with piquant irony" (line 30) because the story of the goat(A) explains why Paige did not know his exact age(B) presents sportswriters in an undignified light(C) mocks the research methods used by the press(D) pokes fun at all the fuss about Paige's age(E) was well-known to Paige's mother14. In context. Paige's reference to the writers' "guessinggames" (line 34) suggests that he viewed the debate about his age to be(A) exceedingly complicated(B) unnecessarily competitive(C) universally appealing(D) ultimately trivial(E) highly disrespectful15. The author of Passage 1 would most likely respond tothe claim that Paige "never put a stop to it" (lines 34-35,Passage 2) by adding that Paige(A) helped create stories about his birth date(B) was unconcerned about others' opinions(C) was solely responsible for stirring up the debate(D) did not benefit from the controversy(E) was irresponsible in his actions16. Each passage concludes with(A) a sincere assertion(B) a humorous anecdote(C) a frank observation(D)an extended analogy(E)an explicit appealQuestions 17-25 are based on the following passage.In the following passage, adapted from a 2002 novel, a young woman named Harriet Cleve is thinking about a house, now inruins, that once belonged to her family.The house, amusingly, had been called Tribulation.Judge Cleve's grandfather had named it that because heclaimed the building of it had very nearly killed him.Nothing remained of it but the twin chimneys and the 5 mossy brick wall—the bricks worked in a trickyherringbone pattern—leading from the foundation down to the front steps where five cracked tiles on the riser, in faded blue, spelled the letters C'-L-E-V-E.To Harriet, these five tiles were a fascinating relic of 10a lost civilization. To her, their fine, watery blue was the blue of wealth, of memory, of Europe, of heaven; and the Tribulation she deduced from them glowed with the phosphorescence and splendor of dream itself. In her mind, her dead ancestors moved like royalty through the rooms15 of this lost palace.Apart from the tiles, few concrete artifacts ofTribulation remained. Most of the rugs and fixtures—themarble statues, the chandelier—had been carted off incrates marked Miscellaneous and sold to an antiquesdealer in20 Greenwood who'd paid only half what they were worth.How then to reconstruct this extinct colossus? Whatfossils were left, what clues had she to go on? Thefoundation was still there, out from town a bit. She wasn't sure exactly where, and somehow it didn't matter. Only25 once, on a winter afternoon long ago, had she been taken outto see it. To a small child, it gave the impression of having supported a structure far larger than a house, a city almost.She had a memory of her grandmother Edie (tomboyish in khaki trousers) jumping excitedly from room to30 room, her breath coming out in white clouds, pointing outthe parlor, the dining room, the library—though all thiswas hazy.A scattering of lesser artifacts had been salvaged fromTribulation ——linens, monogrammed dishes, a ponderous 35 rosewood sideboard, vases, china clocks, dining roomchairs—and broadcast through her own house and thehouses of her aunts: random fragments, a legbone here, avertebra there, from which Harriet set about reconstructing the burned magnificence she had never seen. And these40 rescued artifacts beamed with a serene light all their own:the silver was heavier, the embroideries richer, the crystal more delicate, and the porcelain a finer, rarer blue. Butmost eloquent of all were the stories passed down to her—highly decorated items that Harriet embellished even45 further in her resolute myth of the enchanted alcazar, thefairy chateau that never was. She possessed, to a singular and uncomfortable degree, the narrowness of vision thatenabled all the Cleves to forget what they didn't want toremember and to exaggerate or otherwise alter what they50 couldn't forget; and in restringing the skeleton of theextinct monstrosity that had been her family's fortune, she was unaware that some of the bones had been tamperedwith; that others belonged to different animals entirely; thata great many of the more massive and spectacular bones55 were not bones at all but plaster-of-Paris forgeries. (Thefamous Bohemian chandelier, for instance, had not comefrom Bohemia at all; it was not even made of crystal; thejudge's mother had ordered it from a catalog.) Least of all did she realize that constantly in the course of her labors60 she trod back and forth on certain humble, dusty fragmentsthat, had she bothered to examine them, afforded the true—and rather disappointing—key to the entire structure. The mighty, thundering, opulent Tribulation that she had solaboriously reconstructed in her mind was not a replica of 65 any house that had ever existed but a chimera, a fairy tale.*Alcazar is a Spanish palace; a château is a large French country house.17. The primary focus of the passage is on how(A)Harriet rejects her youthful illusions(B)Harriet interprets her family’s history(C)Harriet discovers heirlooms at her family's home(D)the Cleves maintained their lavish lifestyle(E)each of the Cleves responded to misfortune18. Lines 9-15 ('To ... palace) characterize Harrietprimarily as(A) enthusiastic about art and antiques(B) inclined to be analytical and detail oriented(C) troubled by her family's legacy(D) fascinated by cultural history(E) prone to romantic reverie19. Lines 22-24 ("The foundation …matter”) suggest whatabout Harriet's attitude toward visiting the house?(A) She does not believe there is anything left of the house.(B) She worries about trespassing on someone else'sproperty.(C) She feels no need to revisit the physical remains of thehouse.(D) She has no interest in rebuilding the family estate(E) She is uneasy about exploring a desertedneighborhood.20. In line 36, the word "broadcast"' suggests that theartifacts were(A) displayed openly(B) advertised publicly(C) announced loudly(D) glorified excessively(E) distributed widely21. In what way is the "myth" mentioned in line 45"resolute"?(A) It has endured over many generations of Cleves.(B) It has not been refuted by historical records.(C) It demonstrates Harriet's steadfast support of familymembers.(D) It reflects Harriet's determination to maintain a certainview.(E) It underscores the universal appeal of a type of story.22. In lines 46-50 ("She . . . forget"), the narrator impliesthat the Cleve family employed memory primarily as a means of(A) enhancing mental alertness(B) protecting cherished beliefs(C) healing family divisions(D) inspiring family achievements(E) reinforcing a fatalistic world view23. The narrator's account of the "Bohemian chandelier"(lines 55-58) serves to(A) provide an example of a recurrent phenomenon(B) indicate surprise about an unexpected discovery(C) offer an explanation for an apparent incongruity(D) illustrate the source of a profound disappointment(E) suggest the great value of an inherited artifact24. The narrator suggests that the "key" (line 62) wouldhave given Harriet(A) unlimited access to the house(B) a false solution to the mystery(C) a realistic understanding of the past(D) an opportune moment to pursue new interests(E) a strong obligation to keep the family's secret25. The final sentence of the passage (lines 62-65)indicates what about the house Harriet's grandfatherbuilt?(A) It was not as much of a tribulation as Harriet hasalways been told.(B) It had never actually been owned by Harriet's family.(C) It was not as palatial as Harriet imagines it to be.(D) It was deliberately destroyed by Harriet's family.(E) It would have been a very comfortable home forHarriet as a child.SECTION9Questions 7-19 are based on the following passage.In this passage adapted from a 1999 memoir by a published writer, the author reflects on one of her childhood experiences with her grandmother in the 1950s.My first commissioned work was to write letters for her. "You write for me, honey?" she would say, holding outa ballpoint she had been given at a grocery store promotion,clicking it like a castanet. My tee was cookies and milk,5 payable before, during, and after completion of theproject.I settled down at her kitchen table while sherooted around the drawer where she kept coupons andplaying cards and pieces of stationery. The paper was so insubstantial even ballpoint ink seeped through the10 other side. “That's OK." she would say. "We only need oneside."True. In life she was a gifted gossip, unfurling an extended riff of chatter from a bare motif of rumor. But her writing style displayed a brevity that made15 Hemingway's prose look like nattering garrulity. Shedictated her letters as if she were paying by the word."Dear Sister," she began, followed by a little time-buying cough and throat clearing. "We are all well here." Pause. "And hope you are well too." Longer pause, 20 the steamy broth of inspiration heating up on her side of thetable. Then, in a lurch. "Winter is hard so I don't get out much."This was followed instantly by an unconquerable fit of envy: "Not like you in California." Then she came25 to a complete halt, perhaps demoralized by this evidencethat you can't put much on paper before you betray your secret self, try as you will to keep things civil.She sat, she brooded, she stared out the window. She was locked in the perverse reticence of composition. She 30 gazed at me, but I understood she did not see me. She waslooking for her next thought. "Read what I wrote," shewould finally say, having lost not only what she waslooking for but what she already had pinned down. I went over the little trail of sentences that led to her dead end. 35 More silence, then a sigh. "Put "God bless you." "shesaid. She reached across to see the lean rectangle of words on the paper. "Now leave some space," she said, "and put Love.' "I handed over the paper for her yo sign.。
2011年1月8日雅思(阅读)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2011年1月8日雅思（阅读）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Going BananasThe world’s favourite fruit could disappear forever in 10 years’ time.The banana is among the world’s oldest crops. Agricultural scientists believe that the first edible banana was discovered around ten thousand years ago. It has been at an evolutionary standstill ever since it was first propagated in the jungles of South-East Asia at the end of the last ice age. Normally the wild banana, a giant jungle herb called Musa acuminata, contains a mass of hard seeds that make the fruit virtually inedible. But now and then, hunter-gatherers must have discovered rare mutant plants that produced seedless, edible fruits. Geneticists now know that the vast majority of these soft-fruited plants resulted from genetic accidents that gave their cells three copies of each chromosome instead of the usual two. This imbalance prevents seeds and pollen from developing normally, rendering the mutant plants sterile. And that is why some scientists believe the world’s most popular fruit could be doomed. It lacks the genetic diversity to fight off pests and diseases that are invading the banana plantations of Central America and the smallholdings of Africa and Asia alike.In some ways, the banana today resembles the potato before blight brought famine to Ireland a century and a half ago. But “it holds a lesson for other crops, too”, says Emile Frison, top banana at the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain in Montpellier, France. “The state of the banana”, Frison warns, “can teach a broader lesson: the increasing standardisation of food crops round the world is threatening their ability to adapt and survive.”The first Stone Age plant breeders cultivated these sterile freaks by replanting cuttings from their stems. And the descendants of those original cuttings are the bananas we still eat today. Each is a virtual clone, almost devoid of genetic diversity. And that uniformity makes it ripe for disease like no other crop on Earth. Traditional varieties of sexually reproducing crops have always had a much broader genetic base, and the genes will recombine in new arrangements in each generation. This gives them much greater flexibility in evolving responses to disease - and far more genetic resources to draw on in the face of an attack. But that advantage is fading fast, as growers increasingly plant the same few, high-yielding varieties. Plant breeders work feverishly to maintain resistance in these standardised crops. Should these efforts falter, yields of even the most productive crop could swiftly crash. “When some pest or disease comes along, severe epidemics can occur,”says Geoff Hawtin, director of the Rome-based International Plant Genetic Resources Institute.The banana is an excellent case in point. Until the 1950s, one variety, the Gros Michel, dominated the world’s commercial banana business. Found by French botanists in Asia in the 1820s, the Gros Michel was by all accounts a fine banana, richer and sweeter than today’s standard banana and without the latter’s bitter aftertaste when green. But it was vulnerable to a soil fungus that produced a wiltknown as Panama disease. “Once the fungus gets into the soil it remains there for many years. There is nothing farmers can do. Even chemical spraying won’t get rid of it,”says Rodomiro Ortiz, director of the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture in Ibadan, Nigeria. So plantation owners played a running game, abandoning infested fields and moving to “clean” land - until they ran out of clean land in the 1950s and had to abandon the Gros Michel. Its successor, and still the reigning commercial king, is the Cavendish banana, a 19th-century British discovery from southern China. The Cavendish is resistant to Panama disease and, as a result, it literally saved the international banana industry. During the 1960s, it replaced the Gros Michel on supermarket shelves. If you buy a banana today, it is almost certainly a Cavendish. But even so, it is a minority in the world’s banana crop.Half a billion people in Asia and Africa depend on bananas. Bananas provide the largest source of calories and are eaten daily. Its name is synonymous with food. But the day of reckoning may be coming for the Cavendish and its indigenous kin. Another fungal disease, black Sigatoka, has become a global epidemic since its first appearance in Fiji in 1963. Left to itself, black Sigatoka - which causes brown wounds on leaves and premature fruit ripening - cuts fruit yields by 50 to 70 per cent and reduces the productive lifetime of banana plants from 30 years to as little as 2 or 3. Commercial growers keep Sigatoka at bay by a massive chemical assault. Forty sprayings of fungicide a year is typical. But despite the fungicides, diseases such as black Sigatoka are getting more and more difficult to control. “As soon as you bring in a new fungicide, they develop resistance,” says Frison. “One thing we can be sure of is that the Sigatoka won’t lose in this battle.”Poor farmers, who cannot afford chemicals, have it even worse. They can do little more than watch their plants die. “Most of the banana fields in Amazonia have already been destroyed by the disease,” says Luadir Gasparotto, Brazil’s leading banana pathologist with the government research agency EMBRAPA. Production is likely to fall by 70 per cent as the disease spreads, he predicts. The only option will be to find a new variety.But how? Almost all edible varieties are susceptible to the diseases, so growers cannot simply change to a different banana. With most crops, such a threat would unleash an army of breeders, scouring the world for resistant relatives whose traits they can breed into commercial varieties. Not so with the banana. Because all edible varieties are sterile, bringing in new genetic traits to help cope with pests and diseases is nearly impossible. Nearly, but not totally. Very rarely, a sterile banana will experience a genetic accident that allows an almost normal seed to develop, giving breeders a tiny window for improvement. Breeders at the Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research have tried to exploit this to create disease-resistant varieties. Further backcrossing with wild bananas yielded a new seedless banana resistant to both black Sigatoka and Panama disease.Neither Western supermarket consumers nor peasant growers like the new hybrid. Some accuse it of tasting more like an apple than a banana. Not surprisingly, the majority of plant breeders have till now turned their backs on the banana and got to work on easier plants. And commercial banana companies are now washing their hands of the whole breeding effort, preferring to fund a search for new fungicides instead. “We supported a breeding programme for 40 years, but it wasn’table to develop an alternative to Cavendish. It was very expensive and we got nothing back,”says Ronald Romero, head of research at Chiquita, one of the Big Three companies that dominate the international banana st year, a global consortium of scientists led by Frison announced plans to sequence the banana genome within five years. It would be the first edible fruit to be sequenced. Well, almost edible. The group will actually be sequencing inedible wild bananas from East Asia because many of these are resistant to black Sigatoka. If they can pinpoint the genes that help these wild varieties to resist black Sigatoka, the protective genes could be introduced into laboratory tissue cultures of cells from edible varieties. These could then be propagated into new, resistant plants and passed on to farmers.It sounds promising, but the big banana companies have, until now, refused to get involved in GM research for fear of alienating their customers. “Biotechnology is extremely expensive and there are serious questions about consumer acceptance,”says David McLaughlin, Chiquita’s senior director for environmental affairs. With scant funding from the companies, the banana genome researchers are focusing on the other end of the spectrum. Even if they can identify the crucial genes, they will be a long way from developing new varieties that smallholders will find suitable and affordable. But whatever biotechnology’s academic interest, it is the only hope for the banana. Without it, banana production worldwide will head into a tailspin. We may even see the extinction of the banana as both a lifesaver for hungry and impoverished Africans and as the most popular product on the world’s supermarket shelves.Questions 1-3Complete the sentences below with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage.Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.1．Banana was first eaten as a fruit by humans almost_____years ago.正确答案：ten thousand解析：题目答案一定为数字信息，同时根据顺序原则，答案应该出现在文章开头，于是定位于原文第一段第二句话“Agricultural scientists believe that the first edible banana was discovered around ten thousand years ago”，题目信息“eaten”对应原文中的“edible”，所以答案为ten thousand。
2011年1月答案
KEYS(20110108)A 卷PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection A1. D2.A3. D4. B5. B6. B7. A8. C9. DSection B10. C 11. B 12.D 13. C 14. D 15. BSection C16. drug and alcohol abuse17. lack the resources18. the age of 1519. More (more) than 154 million.20. families as wellPART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )21-30 C A C B B C A D A B31-40 B D A D C B A C D CPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)41. B 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. DPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)51. D 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. D 60. C 61. A 62. B 63. C 64. D 65. A 66. C 67. B 68. C 69. B 70. D 71 A 72. B 73. C 74. D 75. B 76. A 77. C 78. C 79. D 80. B试卷二PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A 英译汉：参考译文：沙漠化是由人为因素和气候变化造成的，是土地退化的一个过程。
过度开垦和落后的灌溉方法等人类活动正在把需要几百年才能形成的肥沃土壤变成贫瘠的地块。
2011年1月8日雅思口语真题
1月8、9日考试机经Part One:*Hometown (昆士兰，南京，成都，西安)Where do you like?Tell me something about your hometown? 第二部分卡片提前How long have you lived there?Do you think your hometown is a good place to live in? Why?What is your hometown famous for?Do you know anything about the history of your hometown?Are you living in a big city or a small one?Is your hometown a good place for young people or old people?Is there tourist attraction in your city?Have you ever learnt the history of your hometown from school?What do you like most about your hometown?What needs to be improved in your hometown?*Study (长沙, 苏州, 重庆, 广州)Are you a student or working?What is you major?Do you like your major?Why do you choose this major?How do you think of the prospects of your major?Why do you think the subject you learn is important to your future?Is your major popular in China?How important are teachers to students?Is it easy for you to find a job in the future?Do you think a degree has become less important for people to find a job? *Job/ Work (上海)Are you working or are you a student?What do you do?Is it easy to find this kind of jobs in your city?What is the most important thing at work?*Shopping (郑州)Where do you like shopping?Do you like shopping malls?What do you often buy online?What kind of clothes do you like?Have you got any clothes that you bought but dislike wearing?Would you wear the same kind of clothes when you get old?*Colours (北京)What is your favourite colour?Which colour is special to Chinese?What colour do you like for your clothes?In what colour do you want to have your house painted?*Cooking (大连)Do you like cooking?Who cooks most in your family?*Seasons/weather (南京, 长沙, 西安, 长春)What is your favourite season?What do you like to do in different seasons?What kind of weather do you like and dislike?Do you like winter?What do you do in your spare time?What did you do in the last good weather?*Noise/sound (北京, 郑州)What kind of sound do you like and dislike?Is there any kind of noise that you find really unbearable?Is there a song that reminds you of your childhood?Is your hometown a noisy place?*News (苏州)Do you like getting news from TV or newspapers?What kind of news are you interested in?*Sports (成都, 上海, 哈尔滨)What is you favourite sport?What kind of sports do you want your children to do in the future? Do boys and girls like different sports when they are little?What sports did you like as a child?*Travelling (上海)Do you like travelling?Do you prefer to travel alone or with friends?*Movie/ Films (成都)What kind of films did you like when you were a child?Do you prefer to watch films in a cinema or at home?*Reading (大连)Do you like reading?What kind of books do you like?What are the benefits of reading for children?*Museums(长春，上海)Do you often visit museums?Do you think museums are important in your life?*Dancing (哈尔滨)Do you like dancing?When and where did you dance last time?Where did you learn dancing?Do you like watching dancing performance?*Collection (广州)Did you collect any thing when you were a child?Do you have still have the habit of collecting something?Spare time (北京, 广州, 上海) 新题What do you do in your spare time?What did you do in your spare time in your childhood?What do you usually do for relaxation?Do you prefer to hand out with friends or stay at home when you have time?How much spare time do you have?What will you do in spare time, travelling with friends or watching TV at home?Which period of time during the day do you like best?*Animals (昆士兰，郑州，南京)What kind of pets do people in your hometown keep? Is there any change compared with the past? What pets do you like?Do you like animals?Time (成都) 新题Are you a person good at time management?What do you do in your spare time?*Letters/emails (广州, 南京)On what occasions do you write letters? Who do you write to?What kind of letter/email is difficult to write?Who do you contact most often by email?What is the most important email to you?*Cell phone (北京)When did you start to use your cell phone?What are the advantages and disadvantages of cell phones?*Friends (成都)Is it easy to meet new friends?How did young people in the past make friends?Numbers (成都) 新题What is your favourite number?What are the special meanings of different numbers?Is it easier to remember numbers than names?Part Two and Three:*A friend/person who speaks another language (蒙纳什, 大连)Describe a person who speaks foreign language.Y ou should sayWho he/ she isWhen you got to know him/ herHow you go to know him/herHow you communicate with each otherWhy do some people want to immigrate to another country?What is the influence of western culture on Chinese people?*An artistDescribe an artist you admire.Y ou should sayWho he/she doesHow you got to know him/herWhat makes him/her famousAnd explain the reason why you adore him/herIn what ways do children get to know about music?Do you think there should be a course in university teaching students how to play musical instruments?*The most successful person in your life (上海, 苏州, 广州)Describe a successful person.Y ou should sayWho he/she isWhat he/she doesWhy do you think he/she is famousWhat you can learn from him/ herWhy do people want to succeed?Why do the public pay attention to successful people?How do you define success?Do you think success has anything to do with wealth?What is the extra obligation that famous people have?Do famous people have privacy?*A TV or radio presenter (杭州)Describe a TV /radio presenter that you likeY ou should sayWho he/she isWhat the program is aboutWhat quality do the presenter haveWhen did you start to like him/herAnd explain the reason why you like him/herWhat should people do if they want to be a TV host?Do you think you can be qualified for this job?*A family (not yours) you enjoy spending time with (南京)*A piece of advice (大连)Describe a piece of advice you got from othersY ou should sayWhat the situation wasWho gave it to youWhat the result wasExplain the reason why it was useful.Whose advice do you prefer, your family members or friends?Where can you get advice about work?A room in your house where you spend most time (成都) 新题Describe a room in your house where you spend most time with.Y ou should sayWhich room it isWhat you do thereHow you like itAnd explain the reason why you spend most time thereHow many rooms are needed for a family?Do you like sharing a room with others?Why do you people need their own house?Do you prefer a big house or a small one?What would house be like in the future?Y ou ideal house (上海) 新题Describe your ideal house.Y ou should sayWhere it isWhat it looks likeWhat it is made ofHow ideal it isAnd explain the reason why you think it is ideal.What is the difference between living in the city and living in the countryside?*A hotel (南京)Describe a hotel you spent time with.Y ou should sayWhat kind of hotel it isWhere it is locatedWhat you can enjoy thereAnd explain the reason why you think it is popularWhat can be considered as good service?Is making profit more important than improving the service? What do you think of hostels?What is the relationship between hotels and travelling? What quality should staff in a hotel have?What kinds of facilities can be found in a good hotel?A place you like going to（昆士兰）新题Describe a place you like going toY ou should sayWhere it isHow often you go thereWhat you do thereAnd explain the reason why you like going thereIs it peaceful there?How does noise make people unhappy?What makes you want to stay alone?Why do you think people want to be alone sometimes? How can people be alone in big cities like Beijing?A peaceful place (成都) park/ garden的变种卡Describe a peaceful placeY ou should sayWhen you went thereWho you went there withWhat you do thereWhether you want to recommend it to other people*A part of your hometown that has the greatest change Describe a part of your hometown that changes quickly.Y ou should sayWhat the change isWhat it was like before the changeWhy it was changedHow you think of the changeWhat needs improvement in your hometown?Do you think the government should ask citizens for opinions about the city development? Where do young people hand out with friends? How about people in the past?*A long journey (昆明, 北京)Describe a long journeyY ou should sayWhere you visitedWhen you went thereWith whom you went thereHow you travelled to the placeAnd explain the reason why you went thereWhat means of public transport do you like?Do you think there are more and more private cars?What kind of transport do Chinese like?What are the influences of the increasing number of private cars?Is there any practical use of history?*A trip to a place where you learn about the past (上海)Describe a place that where you learn something about the past.Y ou should sayWhere it isWhy you went thereWhat you saw thereWhat you learnt from itHow you liked itHow can children learn history at home?What we can learn from history?Do you think it is equally impo rtant to learn both local history and the world’s history?*A well-known story in your country (南京, 北京)Describe a well-known story in your country.Y ou should sayWhen you heard the storyWhere you heard the storyWhat it is aboutHow you feel about itWhat is the importance of traditional stories?Do you think traditions are getting less and less popular?Do parents in China tell stories to their children?What kind of books do children like? Why?Do you think traditional stories will be as popular as it used to be?Why do children like listening to stories from their parents?*A hobby you had in your childhood (长沙, 北京)Describe a hobby you had in your childhoodY ou should sayWhat it isWhen you had itWhy you had itWhether you still have this hobby nowHow you like itDo people in modern times and those in the past have different hobbies?What skills can be useful in the future?What have more spare time, workers or students? How about the situation in the future?*A naughty thing you did in your childhood (苏州, 长沙)Describe something naughty you did when you were a childY ou should sayWhat you didWhen you did itWhat the result wasHow you parents felt about what you didAt what age do you think people should be perceived as an adult?How is your relationship with your parents?How would you nurture your children if you had any in the future?It seems both good students and bad students might be disobedient now and again. What is your opinion?*Something you want to save money to buy in the future (昆明, 长春)Describe something you bought but have to save money for.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow to save moneyHow long you have bought itAnd explain the reason why you want to save money to buy it.What are the different shopping habits between people living in the city and those in the town? How can parents teach their children the importance of saving money?What are the influences of advertisements on children?Do you think advertisements can help to teach children how to save money?*An advertisement (广州, 长春)Describe an advertisement you have ever watched.Y ou should sayWhat it was aboutWhen you saw itWhere you saw itWhat kind of people would be attractedHow you felt of itAnd explain the reason why you chose it to say.What are the influences of media?Do you like advertisements?What elements should a good advertisement have?Why do producers prefer to have good-looking people as spokesmen for their products?Where are those advertisements filmed?*An electronic equipment (not computer) (南京, 大连)Describe an electronic equipment in your home.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow you got itHow often you use itHow you like itDo you think modern equipment is important in our daily life?What happened to people in the past who had no such modern equipment?Do people have to take a course to learn how to use the equipment at work when they find a new job?What are the advantages and disadvantages of some modern device in the workplace?Do you think some kinds of modern equipment are harmful for health?*A gift you sent to others (南京)Describe a gift you send to somebody.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhy you bought itWho you bought it forWhether the one given the gift made you happyWhat are the purposes for sending gifts?Is it hard to choose a gift for others?*A piece of clothing given by others (广州)Describe a piece of clothing given by others.Y ou should sayWhat it isWho sent itWhy he/she sent it to youHow you like itWhat do you think of brand clothes?Will there be a growth in the sales of brand clothes?What is the influence of fashion industry?Do you like other people buying clothes for you?What is the difference in buying clothes between males and females?What is the biggest drawback of online shopping?*Something broken in your home (成都)Describe something broken in your home.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow is was brokenHow you dealt with it when it was brokenWhat influence it had on youWhat do you think of second-hand goods?What do you think of online shopping?Is it acceptable to buy second-hand good online?On what occasions do you fix the broken things by yourself?How is the quality of the goods now?Do big-size goods have better quality than those small ones?A photograph (重庆) 新题Describe a photographY ou should sayWho took itWhen it was takenWhere it was takenWho was in itHow you like itAnd explain the reason why you took it.What are the differences in tools of taking photos between present time and the past? Why do people like taking photos?How do you keep your photos?*A subject you learned in your high school (郑州, 广州)Describe a subject you learned in your high school.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow long you learnt itWhat you can learn from inWhether you had interest in itAnd explain the reason why you like/ dislike it.What subjects are popular at high school?What are the influences of modern technology on teaching and learning?What courses do university students like?What criteria do students have when they choose their major?Do people in China and those in other countries plan their future differently? How to make teachers more popular?What is the influence of long-distance learning on children?How to make students be interested in some boring subjects?*Something that you are good at (西安)Describe something you are good at.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhat advantages it bringsHow often do you do itHow you feel when you do itIs it easy for people to learn a new skill in your city?What equipment is needed to help people learn a new skill?Do you think teachers are important to students?*A skill you learn by using computer (哈尔滨)Describe a useful skill you learnt by computer.Y ou should sayHow you learn itWhether it is difficultWhat you use computers forAnd explain the reason why you wanted to learn itIs it good that every household has a computer?How do parents prevent children from indulging themselves in computer games? What do you think of people playing computer games in office hours?Do more and more people around you become too dependent on computers?*Something healthy that you want to recommend to others (广州)Describe a healthy lifestyle you want to recommend to othersY ou should sayWhat it isWhat things you need to do itWhy you think it is healthyAnd explain the reason why you recommend itDo schools teach knowledge about health and hygiene?What is the most common way of staying healthy in China?Do people have any misunderstanding of being healthy? How about the past?*A sport (南京)Describe your favourite sport.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhy you like itHow do you learn itHow you like itWhat sports do children like in China?Should parents force their children to do sports?What benefits can people gain from sports?*An outdoor activity you like (广州)Describe an outdoor activity you like.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhere you do itWith whom you do itHow often you do itAnd explain the reason why you like itDo young people like outdoor activities?*A job you wish to do in the future (哈尔滨, 青岛, 北京)Describe a job you want to try.Y ou should sayWhat job it isHow you know about itIn what way you plan to get itAnd explain the reason why you want to get itWhat are the ways of finding a job?What skills are needed for people to find a job?What assistance do universities provide for students to help them find a good job?How is the working condition in China?What is the influence of long time working?How is the teachers’ salary in China?Why do you think it is more and more difficult to find a job?What kind of applicants are companies looking for?*A day you spent away from work or study to relax (杭州, 上海) Describe a day you spent away from work or study to relax.Y ou should sayWhen it wasWho you stayed withWhat you didHow you felt of itDo people at different ages have their own ways to relax?How much old people and young people spend on recreation?What are the ways of getting relaxed?How does sleeping help people feel relaxed?What is the importance of sleeping?*A walk you took (郑州)Describe a talk you took with your friendsY ou should sayWhen you took itWhen you took itWith whom you took itWhat you didWhat the result wasDo you like walking?What are the benefits of walking?Does walking have anything to do with pace of life?Should more parks be built?*An experience of being late for something (成都)Describe an occasion you were late for.Y ou should sayWhen it wasWhere it wasWhy you were lateWhat results it hadIs t here any change in people’s notion of punctuality in the past few decades? What is the influence of the fast living pace on people’s life?*A project/ a piece of work you have done with others (上海) Describe a project you have done with others.Y ou should sayWhat it isWith whom you did withWhat difficulties you had encountered withHow you overcame themHow you felt of itDo Chinese people prefer to work alone or with others?Do you think it is important for children to learn about cooperation? What can children learn from cooperating with others?*Something you can do to protect the environment (哈尔滨, 西安) Describe something you can do to protect the environment.Y ou should sayWhat you can doHow you do itWhat effect you hope to achieveAnd explain the reason why you want to do it.How should we protect the environment?Why does the government take no action to reduce global warming? What kinds of daily behaviours are bad for the environment?What is the importance of protecting wildlife?*A thing you friend did that made you admire him/her (呼和浩特, 北京) Say a thing your friend did which makes you admire him/ her.Y ou should sayWhat it isHow he/ she didWhat the result wasAnd explain the reason why he/ she did it.Do people of different generations admire different people?Do you admire any politician?Do many people in China admire Chairman Mao?A piece of interesting news (成都) 新题Describe a piece of interesting news you got.Y ou should sayWhat it isWhen you got itIn what occasion you got itHow you felt of itAnd explain the reason why you think it is interesting.Who like reading newspapers, young people or old people?Do Chinese people prefer local news or international news?*A news story that makes you happy (西安)Describe a news story that made you happy.Y ou should sayWhat it was aboutHow you got itWhat happenedAnd explain the reason why it made you happyWhy do old people prefer to read news from newspapers rather than internet?*A new law that makes your living place better (上海, 太原)Describe a new law in your country (a good law that can make your life better) Y ou should sayWhat it is aboutWhether it will be popularHow easy it is to enforce itHow you first learned about itWho benefit from itHow you feel about itDo the public have any idea of the work and duty of the police?Do policemen in your country carry guns?What kind of people can become lawyers?On what occasions do people turn to lawyers for help?What law do you want to issue? Is it realistic?*a TV program or radio program (西安)Describe a TV programme or radio programme you like.Y ou should sayWho hosts itWhat it is aboutWhen you watch/ listen to itHow you feel about itAnd explain the reason why you like it.What do you think of being a TV host?*A movie you watched recently (太原)*A type of music that is popular in your countryDescribe a type of music that is popular in your country.Y ou should sayWhat kind of music it isWhat group of people like this kind of musicWhere to hear itHow popular it isAnd explain the reason why it is popular.Do young people and old people have different preferences for music? What kind of music do young people like?Do people like the same kind of music as they get older?What is the influence of internet on music?。
2011年英语专八考试真题及答案
2011年英语专八考试真题及答案IntroductionThe 2011 English Proficiency Test Level 8 (专八) is an important examination in China, designed to assess individuals' English language skills at an advanced level. In this article, we will explore the genuine questions from the 2011 exam and provide detailed answers for each question. With a focus on comprehension, grammar, and writing, this guide aims to help test-takers understand the structure and requirements of the exam better.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionPassage 1: The Importance of BilingualismIn this passage, the author discusses the benefits of being bilingual and provides examples of how bilingualism can positively impact various aspects of life, such as better job opportunities and enhanced cognitive abilities. The passage also addresses common misconceptions about bilingualism.Passage 2: The Impact of Climate ChangeThis passage explores the topic of climate change, focusing on its effects on the environment, ecosystems, and human health. It highlights the urgency of addressing climate change and the importance of global cooperation in mitigating its impacts.Section 2: Vocabulary and GrammarQuestion 1: Fill in the BlanksIn this question, candidates are required to fill in the blanks with the appropriate vocabulary words or phrases. The context of the passage provides clues to help determine the correct answers.Question 2: Sentence TransformationCandidates are given a sentence and are required to transform it according to the instructions given. This tests their ability to manipulate sentence structures and demonstrates their understanding of various grammar rules.Section 3: WritingQuestion 1: Essay WritingCandidates are asked to write an essay on a given topic within a specified word limit. The topic may require them to express their opinions, argue a particular viewpoint, or analyze a given situation. Test-takers are expected to demonstrate their ability to organize their thoughts, structure their essay coherently, and use appropriate vocabulary and grammar.Question 2: Letter WritingIn this section, candidates are asked to write a formal or informal letter based on a given scenario. The prompts may require them to express gratitude, make a complaint, or provide advice. Test-takers should demonstrate their ability to use appropriate language and format for the chosen type of letter.ConclusionIn this article, we have provided an overview of the 2011 English Proficiency Test Level 8, focusing on the reading comprehension, vocabulary and grammar, and writing sections. By understanding the structure and content of the exam, test-takers can better prepare themselves for success. However, it is essential to remember that studying and practicing consistently are the keys to achieving a high score in the exam.。
剑8详解
雅思阅读解析发布时间：2011-04-21 作者：薛倩来源：一：剑八阅读题目汇总二．剑八题型出现频率统计三．题型出题比例分配（共160Questions）四．剑八文章解析TEST 1P1 A chronicle of timekeeping 计时器的发展/光阴的故事话题归类：人类发展史难度系数：★★★★同义替换：Q1 cold temperature = freezing weather of northern Europe. (paragraph D)Q2 farming communities = seasonal agricultureGeography = …..living near t he equator ; lower latitudesQ3 the origins = the earliest recorded…., at least 1300 years …., in the early 1400s Q4 uniform hours = it was naturally suited to keeping equal ones.P2 Air traffic control in the USA 美国空中交通管制说明文难度系数：★★★同义替换Q14 aviation disaster = an accident that occurred in the skiesQ17 altitude zones = 对应段落中具体的数字高度Q18 weather conditions = meteorological conditionsQ19 airspace categories = different types, designated by letters of the alphabetQ20 as a result of …= result inQ26 average-sized city = medium-sized metropolitanP3 Telepathy 心灵感应话题：心理学难度系数：★★★★★机经背景知识----心灵感应术Telepathy is the ability to communicate without the use of the five senses sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste).It is an instinct, and although quite dormant in many of us, we are often capable of tapping into our latent abilities in times of emergency or need. When we intuitivelyknow that something is happening, or about to happen, our instinct has kicked in. We are drawing upon resources within the unconscious mind. When the resources of two unconscious minds link together into the same frequency, we call it Telepathy.心灵感应是不用五官感觉(视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉、味觉)来进行交流的一种能力。
2011年1月8日3G雅思考试预测
2011年1月8日3G雅思考试预测预测使用说明 INSTRUCTION● 预测适用时间：2011年1月8日考试临近两场的听力、写作考试范围非常接近，因此相邻考试的考生请参考本次预测。
每次周末考试（不含周四加考）都会有专门诊对该场考试的预测，预测将于该场考试前最近的一次考试结束后发布。
● 预测适用考区：中国大陆地区，港澳台地区，亚洲其他地区（日韩泰）以及澳洲均可参考本预测。
以上地区笔试部分（听力、阅读、写作）为统一试卷，口语考试各地区题目可能不同，请参照预测范围进行准备。
欧洲、美洲以及其他亚太以外地区不适宜使用该预测，目前除亚太地区以外由于资源和信息等问题还无法提供详细预测，考生朋友可自行参考机经复习。
● 预测适用类别：A类（1月8日大陆地区仅有A类考试）● 预测发布时间：2010年12月19日（一般预测发布时间会在目标考试前一周左右）● 预测附加说明：听力版本对应3G听力机经2009Beta1（下载：http：//www．cnielts．com/ielts/62616．html）。
2010考试回顾与2011总体预测 REVIEW & LOOKING FORWARD回顾2010年的考试，有大量值得总结的信息，供我们更好的准备来年的考试。
我们总结一些比较显著的：● 听力：↘大量使用了旧题，就像3G在2010年初预测的一样，2新2旧的搭配使用的最多。
而听力版本是以V30***最高，V08***其次，V09***第三。
↘题目难度较2009年没有显著提升，2009年听力新题的语速明显较之前加快了，信息量也大了，而2010年的题目基本只是保持了2009年的指标。
↘没有新题型，所有题型基本在剑桥7中已经体现。
↘反复重复、答案放慢与刻意突出等现象已经没有了，考生靠凭能力寻找答案，技巧成分减弱。
↘部分旧题重新录音。
● 阅读：↘新题较多，多是近期在全球各大知名杂志上（主要是地理、科技、心理等）摘录的文章，配以题目出现。
雅思阅读真题解析与答案
雅思阅读真题解析与答案雅思（IELTS）是国际英语语言测试系统，是考察英语语言能力的全球性标准化考试。
其中，阅读部分是考生们普遍认为相对较难的一部分。
本文将为大家解析一道雅思阅读真题，并提供详细的答案解析。
题目：篇章一：古生物学雅思阅读真题通常涉及各个领域的学术论文、科学研究等，本文选取了一篇有关古生物学的文章作为解析对象。
第一段：引言古生物学是研究古代生物的学科，通过对化石记录的分析与研究，可以揭示地球上生命演化的历程，以及与现代生物之间的联系。
第二段：古生物学的意义古生物学不仅可以帮助我们了解生物多样性的起源和演化过程，还能为生物地理学、气候学等领域提供重要的证据和参考。
通过研究古地理环境、古气候等方面的信息，我们可以更好地理解地球今天的状态。
第三段：阅读文章关键信息本篇文章将介绍一项关于古生物学的最新研究成果，该研究涉及到鸟类起源与演化的问题。
这项研究通过对一种古代鸟类化石的分析，揭示了鸟类起源的一些新证据。
第四段：研究方法与结果研究团队采用了先进的扫描电镜技术对化石进行了高分辨率的成像。
通过观察化石的细节结构，研究人员发现了一些与现代鸟类非常相似的特征，这表明这种古代鸟类与现代鸟类之间存在着密切的亲缘关系。
第五段：研究成果的意义与启示这项研究的成果为鸟类起源与演化提供了新的证据，有助于我们更加全面地认识鸟类的起源和演化过程。
另外，这项研究结果还与古气候学、古地理学等相关领域的研究相互印证，提供了进一步探索生命起源与地球演化过程的线索。
答案解析：1. 古生物学的研究对象是什么？答案：古生物学的研究对象是古代生物，通过对化石记录的分析与研究来揭示地球上生命演化的历程。
2. 古生物学在哪些领域有应用？答案：古生物学在生物地理学、气候学等领域有应用，可以提供重要的证据和参考，帮助我们理解地球今天的状态。
3. 本篇文章的主要内容是什么？答案：本篇文章介绍了一项关于鸟类起源与演化的最新研究成果，通过对一种古代鸟类化石的分析，揭示了鸟类起源的新证据。
剑桥雅思8阅读解析Test1Passage1
智课网IELTS备考资料剑桥雅思8阅读解析Test1Passage1摘要：雅思阅读成绩不好的烤鸭，要好好从自身上找原因，知道缺点以及不足在哪里，才能去弥补，并且取得进步。
小马小编带来剑桥雅思8阅读解析Test1Passage1，希望能帮到你。
剑桥雅思 8阅读解析Test1Passage1名师点题剑桥雅思8阅读：体裁主要内容：由古及今介绍计时的历史。
说明文A 段 :介绍古巴比伦人的计时方法。
B 段 :月亮对于历法计时的社会重要性。
C 段 :介绍古埃及人的计时方法。
结构D 段 :形形色色的计时器陆续出现,尽管并不完美。
E 段 :机械计时器引发各国最终统一校准开始时间。
F 段 :介绍最早的重力驱动机械钟。
G 段 :机械钟的进一步改良,并成为最早的座钟。
H 段 :今天的计时器。
名师点题剑桥雅思8阅读：Questions 1-4● 题型归类 :Matching 本题解题时可先划出题目中的关键词,然后迅速回到文章寻找其同义替换后的对应词。
其间可大致通过题目中的关键词猜测其在文章的位置与段落特点。
题目编号题目定位词答案位置题解1early timekeep- ing, cold tem- peraturesD 段最后一句答案 D 题目中出现 early timekeeping 字样,按照文章写作顺序,应在文章前部或中部寻找答案。
D 段最后一句中的 freezing weather 与题目中的 cold temperatures 相对应。
2geography, calendar, farmingB 段倒数第 2 句答案 B B 段倒数第二句中的 northern climes 与题目中的geography 相对应, farming 与 agriculture 相对应。
3origins, pendulum clockF 段最后一句答案F 由文中F段最后一句中的a pendulum clock had been devised 可直接得出答案。
2011年雅思真题机经壹领教育版
2011年雅思考试真题总汇壹领教育/整理2011年1月8号Task1双饼图The graphs below show what UK students did after leaving university.Task2（科技类话题）Some people think that robots are very important to human’s future development.Others,however,argue that they are dangerous and have negative impacts on society.Discuss both these views and give your opinion.2011年1月15日task1three pie chartstask2（社会话题之——男女差别）More and more companies tend to employ equal numbers of male and female workers.Do you think it is negative or positive for social development?2011年1月22日雅思写作task1介于bar chart与的pie chart之间的少见图，共两个（看是柱形图，实际是饼图）task2（社会话题之——反社会行为）Nowadays many individuals in our society behave in an anti-social way such as committing crimes.What are the causes of this?Who should take responsibility for dealing with it?2011年1月27日Task1table,对四个国家的2002人口population,男人和女人的literacy rate(female and male),婴儿的出生死亡率infant mortality rate分别进行对比。
2011年英语专八真题参考答案
2011年英语专八真题参考答案(网友回忆完整版) 2011年专八真题答案（网友回忆版仅供参考）2011年专八Mini Lecture参考答案：1. and significance2. the context 或what is doing3. closeness to people4. body language5. polychronic6. in itself7. personal space8. monochrome9. lateness10. multicultural situation2011年专八听力参考答案：1-5 ACDCD 6-10 ABABD2011年专八阅读参考答案：11-15 ADDAB 16-20 DDBCA 21-25 DBCBA 26-30 DBACB2011年专八人文知识参考答案：31. B) 英国最北部：Scotland；32. D) 第一个到澳洲的人：Dutch；33. A) 枫叶之国：Canada；34. B) The Common Sense的作者：Thomas Paine35. D) Virginia Woolf：Novelist；36. C) 历史叙事诗：Epic37. A) 探讨20世纪American Myth的文学作品：The Great Gatsby38. C）探讨语言和思维的学科：Cognitive Lingusitics39. A) 元音和辅音的区别：Obstruction of the air stream;40. C) 推动多种语言使用：Multilingualism1. grew 后加up2. conscience 改成consciousness3. soon 改成sooner4. the 去掉5. disagreeing 改成disagreeable6. imaginative 改成imaginary7. literal 改成literary8. in 去掉9. which 前加in10. Therefore, 改成Nevertheless2011年专八英译汉参考答案：飞机飞越尼泊尔上空时。
2011年英语专业八级考试真题(附答案详细解析)
2011年英语专业八级考试真题(附答案详细解析)转自[英美者]-英语专业网站：/cn/Html/TEM/TEM8/1204098.html转自[英美者]-英语专业网站：/cn/Html/TEM/TEM8/1204098.html转自[英美者]-英语专业网站：/cn/Html/TEM/TEM8/1204098.htmlTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011)GRADE EIGHT TIME LIMIT: 195 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONL Y. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Now, listen to the mini-lecture.听力录音下载：/cn/Html/TEM/TEM8/204727072.html Classifications of CulturesAccording to Edward Hall, different cultures result in different ideas about the world. Hall is an anthropologist. He is interested in relations between cultures.I. High-context cultureA. feature- context: more important than the message- meaning: (1)__________i.e. more attention paid to (2) ___________ than to the message itselfB. examples- personal space- preference for (3)__________- less respect for privacy / personal space- attention to (4)___________- concept of time- belief in (5)____________ interpretation of time- no concern for punctuality- no control over timeII. Low-context cultureA. feature- message: separate from context- meaning: (6)___________B. examples- personal space- desire / respect for individuality / privacy- less attention to body language- more concern for (7)___________- attitude toward time- concept of time: (8)____________- dislike of (9)_____________- time seen as commodityIII. ConclusionAwareness of different cultural assumptions- relevance in work and lifee.g. business, negotiation, etc.- (10)_____________ in successful communication参考答案：(1) context of message(2) what's happening / the context(3) closeness to people(4) body language(5) poly-chronic(6) message itself(7) the message(8) mono-chronic(9) lateness(10) great influence / significanceTIPS：(1) 根据原文中一句“A high-context culture is a culture in which the context of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning and significance.”可知答案。
2011年雅思考试题目及参考范文
2011年雅思考试题目及参考范文Felix2011年雅思考试题目及参考范文2011.1.8Some people think that robots are very important for humans' future development. Others, however, think that robots are a dangerous invention that could have negative effects on society. Discuss both views and give your opinion.For centuries, people have fantasized that someday robots could have intelligence like mankind and work as faithful servants. Today this dream has come true in many fields thanks to the rapid development of artificial intelligence researches. However, the issue of the wide application of robots can be deemed as beneficial as detrimental.On the one hand, there is no denying that robots bring about an array of positive aspects, such as high work efficiency and low work risk. First, the workload that could take months to finish by manual labor could be done flawlessly by robots in minutes, which allows individuals to be involved in other activities. Second, it is widely acknowledged that robots could do dangerous jobs instead of people in high risk businesses like mining and construction; therefore, a host of people’s safety can be ensured to a considerable degree.On the other hand, a great number of people hold an opposite opinion, asserting there are numerous demerits which should not be neglected. To begin with, people lose jobs when machines take their places, especially in the mass production industry such as automobile business. In factories of the famous carcompany Ford, almost every step of car making is done by giant robots that work faster with higher reliability and precision. As a consequence, employees will have great pressure. Admittedly, there are indeed some occupations that robots might perform much better than human beings, but they cannot work in a flexible way as people do, and they are less likely to make corresponding changes once something unexpected happens. Then human beings’ supervision tends to become imperative.Taking all factors into account, robots have many merits that make our life easier and more convenient, but workers may suffer from unemployment stress. (292 words2011.1.15Nowadays, some workplaces tend to employ equal numbers of men and women workers. Do you think it is a positive or negative development? The gender imbalance has long been a general phenomenon in the labour market. Some analysts argue that it is impossible to eliminate the underrepresentation of women in job markets, while others propose that women should be entitled the same opportunity to be engaged in a position. The essay will compare these two opinions before giving my own opinion.From some people’s point of view, the practice that equal numbers of male and female workers should be employed is unreasonable. First, the packed-schedule of certain positions is likely to make women so busy with their jobs that their family life is neglected. Another point is that it is much easier for female workers to be influenced by marriage and motherhood, and their jobs are often interrupted by daily domestic events. To keep the continuity of work, employers are more inclined to put male workers into their top priority. Opponents of this issue hold that the positive aspects of the practice are more influential. First of all, employing equal numbers of male and female workers can help create positive working environment, for it is usually the case that men or women perform less aggressive in the face of the opposite gender. Second, there is a large possibility that men and women workers bring their respective talents into full play since men are more determined and less likely to be affected by external influence and women are generally more careful and patient. Finally, the move could be regarded as a sign of equality, for in many workplaces, employers used to limit the numbers of women workers and welcome a substantial percentage of males to join them. The practice that equal numbers of men and women workers are accepted indicates the realisation of women’s value.To sum up, it does bring drawbacks to some workplaces if equal numbers of men and women workers are employed, but this cannot deny the benefits of the practice. This essay is inclined to maintain that equal numbers of male andfemale workers can be employed in the same workplace given that there is a rational division of labour, with all employees developing their own particular advantages for mutual benefits.(360 words)2011.1.22Nowadays some people have the anti-social behaviors such as committing crimes. What are the reasons? Who should take responsibility for dealing with it?A dramatic rise in crime rate during the past several years has become a major concern among the public. It is urgent to identify the underlying root causes and adopt proactive approaches.A variety of factors are responsible for the surge of anti-social behaviors such as committing crimes. The predominant factor resulting in this problem is the lack of education. People who fail their school or know little about laws have a much higher likelihood of committing crimes. Excessive exposure to violence is another cause that leads to anti-social behaviors , especially the juvenile delinquency. Without the proper parental guide, some young adults will probably become addicted to the Internet and become heavy net users. Some contents are contaminated by online violence and pornography, which is closely linked to youngsters’ aggressive behaviors.Accordingly, the crime prevention requires the joint efforts from both the government and parents. The government should increase its intervention, including launching public anti-crime campaigns, enforcing new laws and popularizing education. A civilized society is characterized by a high literacy rate and a low crime rate. The negative relationship between these two parameters implies that one will be away from a life of crime if given the access to education. To tackle youth crimes, parents should play a more supportive and loving role, attaching more importance to their children’s emotional needs, limiting their access to unfavorable contents on the Internet, and creating more interesting after-school entertainment.As suggested above, this unpleasant phenomenon can be attributed to several factors, including poor education and lack of parental supervision. The government should take more effective measures to curb crimes and parents are supposed to give correct instructions to their children.(279words)2011.1.27Some people think that it is necessary to travel abroad to learn about other countries, but other people think that it is not necessary to travel abroadbecause all the information can be seen on television and the Internet. Discuss both opinions and give your own opinion.There is a new trend that an increasing number of people choose to travel overseas to form a global perspective. This issue is full of controversy, with concerns being expressed over whether it is necessary to go overseas to know more about other countries, since all the information can be gained through either television or the Internet.A serial of benefits can be brought by traveling abroad to learn about a different country. Initially, it is a memorable life experience that we cannot acquire in our domestic country. As a result, only in real life contexts can people comprehend the culture, customs, or its people etc. Sound as the above statement seems, there are still a group of people holding the view that there is no need to travel abroad. The main factor is that the advanced technology, such as televisions, the Internet, can provide people with almost any information about other places. However, it is unpractical to rely on the media excessively to get any news they want to obtain. Spreading rumors on the Internet are always happening around us. Therefore, only when we experience them personally, can we confirm the accuracy of the information.To sum up, it is imperative for people to travel overseas to learn different nations. Televisions and the Internet are, to some extent, a feasible way to obtain information, but the real experience of traveling abroad largely outweighs the dependence on the media to learn about a different country.(245words)2011.2.12Tourism is an excellent way to develop country, but it also can cause some harm. How can a country ensure tourism benefit the development? The market of international tourism is flourishing as never before and is playing a vital part in the development of one country. However, this booming is accompanied by the soaring number of tourists, which may bring about a substantial number of demerits. Therefore, how to guarantee the sustainable development of tourism and develop our tourism vigorously will be analyzed in this essay.The merits of tourism to one country’s development are beyond doubt. For one thing, tourism can attract a host of foreigners to visit and consume during the tour. For another, the excellent impression of the places of interests will enhance one country’s international image and then stimulate international investments in not only tourism but also other essential sections. Meanwhile, the demerits of unguided tourism can never be ignored and will be represented as follows. First, a sizeable percentage of people may pose a threat to the historical buildings. Second, trash produced in an astonishing amount goes with the super large flow of people, particularly during the peak tourist time. Third, a vast number of people flood into one place, whichaggravates the traffic pressure greatly, contributing too much inconvenience to the local dwellers.To handle above problems and ensure tourism can attract people continuously and benefit economy development, the following methods are strongly suggested. Initially, government should pay close attention to the protection and renovation of historical buildings. Subsequently, the awareness of environmental conservation should be strongly strengthened among the public, therefore efficient environmental campaigns are inevitable. Ultimately, reasonable distribution and improvement of transport facilities should be put on table.(262words)2011.2.17Some believe creative artists should be supported financially by government of their county, but some others suggest creative artists find finance support in other sources instead. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.Arts play a significant role in individuals’ lives. It is widely acknowledged that sufficient investment for artists is necessary if people strive to develop arts. However, whether the government should support them financially or they should find support from other sources arouses a contentious argument.On the one hand, it brings about a wide range of blessings for the government to give financial aids to creative artists. First, the artistic level is more likely to get a promotion with stable fund guarantee. As a result, creative artists can be fully dedicated to their jobs. Second, considering the great significance and profits that arts generate for the nation, for instance, providing numerous products and designs that drive innovation and shape a state’s cultural character, the government should encourage the development of arts with financial assistance.On the other hand, people hold an opposite point of view, asserting that creative artists should gain financial aids from other resources. To begin with, compared with other employees earning money by themselves, creative artists are supposed to strive for the financial support from other sources by their own efforts rather than depend on the taxpayer’s expenses. Furthermore, finding financial support on their own allows creative artists to have enough pressure to motivate themselves, producing great works. Most importantly, in many industries, such as advertising, design, trade show，creative artists are always in shortage. As a result, it is not too hard to access the supply of fund if they have qualified works.As suggested above, financial support from the government indeed generates an array of benefits for creative artists. However, the real creative artists are someone who work with their own strengths to obtain sponsorships, instead of relying on the government.(287 words)2011.2.19Some people think that women should play an equal role as men in military force or police force; others say women are not suited for such kind of work. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.Over the past several years, the change in women’s participation in nearly every walk of life has been beyond people’s wildest expectations. However, a heated debate with regard to whether women should play an equal role as men in military force or police force has arisen, which draws enormous attention from the public.On the one hand, some people assert that since the society consists of nearly equal numbers of both genders, sex discrimination must be eliminated and ladies can make the same amount of contribution to the police force and military force. The first standpoint is that females have inborn merits standing them in good stead. They are less likely to commit faults, for they are good at tackling matters with accuracy and caution. In addition, another impressive and prominent personality trait is that females have great endurance of hardships, especially under grueling conditions, and their tenderness allows them to excel in positions involving interaction and communication with human personnel.Notwithstanding their strengths, females have some limitations they may need to overcome. One obstacle which cannot be ignored is the social attitude. Females have to cope with the pressure exerted by their families, acquaintances or friends, as serving the army is widely seen as a deadly job which is exclusively for males. The other one is females’ physical and mental qualifications. It is commonly known that homicides and robbers are mostly strong, fierce and cruel, and policewomen are more likely to become victims rather than bring them to justice. Also, it seems to be true that military training and the war field could be too intense and sometimes brutal, far beyond the limits of ordinary women’s physical and mental levels.In conclusion, females should be viewed as equal to males in the defense force and their presence should be encouraged. Nature gives different attributes to both men and women, which is supposed to optimize the productivity and efficiency of the society, rather than cause gender discrimination.(327 words)2011.2.26Countries should try to produce all the food that population eats and import food as little as possible. To what extent do you agree or disagree?There has been a steady increase in the demand for importing food throughout the world in recent years. There are indications that this trade activity has brought various benefits, but importing food is very often criticized as unnecessary and extravagant, especially when air freight is involved.It is important to note that importing food is becoming increasingly popular among the general population. This is mainly due to the fact that countries differ in their product structures because of dissimilar natural resources, climates and geographic features. By adopting an enlightened policy and promoting trade activities with other countries, a country can facilitate the exchange of goods, services and capitals with the rest of the world and promote economic development. However, some countries might become addicted to importing and overlook the possibility of developing a self-contained economy. Government funding in the scientific research can make it possible to achieve a breakthrough on the scarcity of resource and increase the yield, thereby resolving the food supply crisis.Moreover, countries in our planet vary in terms of their resource distributions, climatic conditions and topography, which, to a large extent, affects their population as well as the food production. The imbalance between the capability of producing food and the food consumption makes it hard for a country to produce all the food to meet its people’s requirements.As suggested above, it is unpractical for every nation to supply all the food that the population need, and under favorable conditions, import of food ought to be encouraged. (251words)2011.3.5Some people believe governments should spend money in saving languages of few speakers from dying out completely. Others think this is a waste of financial resources. Discuss both views and give your opinion.Of the thousands of languages in use now, some are used by a huge number of people, like English and Chinese, while some others only have very few speakers. With the increasing efforts of the international community to save those languages used by few speakers, a debate as to whether governments should take measures to save them has arisen.Supporters of governments’ efforts to save the languages verging on extinction hold that any effort made to preserve a language is well worthwhile. As is known to all, each language is loaded with an enormous cultural heritage, reflecting the knowledge, thought and faith of its speakers. Preserving a language which is dying out, we conserve the cultural diversity; losing a language, we lose a cultural heritage. Rare animals cannot be wiped out just because they are few, and old buildings of historical value cannot be pulleddown owing to its bad condition. In the same vein, languages with few speakers cannot be abandoned to their fate.Opponents to governments’ measures to save the languages from the brink, however, claim that the efforts are nothing but a waste of money. First, preserving such languages from extinction, which needs a considerable sum of money, and lets alone substantial human resources, does not bring real benefits. The money spent in unrewarding activities, if invested in more significant undertakings such as poverty alleviation, AIDS combating, scientific researching, etc., will be greatly beneficial to man. Moreover, preserving a language is not conducive to the world peace. After all, when marooned in their own world, people become less receptive to and tolerant of things and values different from theirs, a situation which can easily rub salt against wounds and thus gives rise to antagonism and even hatred.In conclusion, my opinion is that it is worthwhile for governments to spend money saving languages with few speakers, or languages facing extinction. A language is a cultural heritage, which is invaluable and certainly merits preservation at any cost.（329words）2011.3.10In some countries, children start school at the age of seven, so they could have more time to build relationship with their parents. In othercountries, some think that children start school as young as possible. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.It is true that a substantial number of students start school at seven or later in some countries and their parents believe it is significant to establish closer relationship with their children. Conversely, some people from other countries are in favour of the idea that the earlier schooling, the better relationship with parents. Personally, I intend to support the later opinion.A sizeable percentage of people, especially in the developing countries, are convinced that children should be educated in their early age at home to form a strong connection with their parents. For one thing, such a close connection can enhance not only parents’ authority but also their influence. As young children might be affected by others, including friends and strangers, to form unpleasant behaviour, parents must guide their children to distinguish the good from the bad authoritatively. For another, the close relationship can help children to maintain the confidence to face the new things appearing in their life constantly as they know their parents can help them to deal with them if needed.However, a substantial percentage of parents in the developed countries are of the belief that it is earlier schooling instead of later one that can help the foundation of children-parents relation. For one thing, young children will definitely meet friends in the school and learn from them. Bad influence as it may exert, teachers will guide students to avoid bad influence and teach themhow to handle this problem properly. Parents can gain information immediately from teachers and communicate with their children after school, thereby forming a better relationship. For another, early schooling enables children to deal with problems on their own, and this can trigger their confidence to face challenge independently. With their growth, they will realize numerous problems cannot be handled independently, they would ask for their parents’ help, which can noticeably promote the family relationship.My view is that starting school as soon as possible can enlighten and awaken children’s awareness concerning the relationship with friends and teachers when facing problems, therefore enhancing and ensuring the parents-children relationship by handling tho se problems under parents’ instruction and suggestion.(354 words)2011.3.12Competitiveness is a positive quality for people in most societies. How does this affect individuals? Is it a positive or negative trend?It is not uncommon today that competitiveness has been penetrating into people’s everyday life and has been deemed as one of people’s essential merits. This essay tends to illustrate how individuals have been influenced bycompetitiveness and sufficient analysis over whether it is a beneficial or detrimental trend will also be demonstrated in an array of aspects.A host of people assert that it is a beneficial trend for human society in terms of the upsides it brings about, such as the economical boom and improvement of public health. In the first place, competitiveness is inclined to boost the economy at an international level. For example, as a result of the competitiveness, all companies may strive to invest a substantial number of money to produce new products for more profits, thus contributing to the convenience of people’s daily life. In the second place, it will also accelerate the betterment of public health care. As individual country will compete for improving its own citizens’ life, medical care would be thought highly of by the authorities and global death toll from diseases may largely decrease. Meanwhile, a significant number of people hold a negative view towards competitiveness. They say a sizeable percentage of people will lose jobs due to the heated competition in all areas. In this way, it is baneful for a large number of people and the government in turn will shoulder more pressure from those jobless people. They also believe fierce competition may result in deterioration of our environment. They fear that a massive proportion of factories may pursue profits at the expense of environment. Take paper-making industry for example. Factories will sacrifice acres of forests to live on in the competitive society.To sum up, I tend to believe a certain degree of competitiveness is necessarily adopted in order to have the society progress, while contentious competitiveness will inevitably spark off impairments to our life both physically and psychologically.（321words）2011.3.19Computer technologies are more accessible and cheaper, as a result, more adults work at home and children study at home. Is this a positive or negative development?As a result of the soaring advancement of technologies, the use of computer has become prevalent in people’s everyday life. For example, a substantial number of people ranging from workers to students prefer to work and study at home instead of physically sitting in the office and at school.Few would deny that learning or working through computer at home seems beneficial to people in a number of aspects. Initially, the most obvious merit can be attributed to the release of traffic jams. Since less people tend to use the public or private vehicles commuting from work or school to their home, there is a lower possibility of the incidence of traffic jams. Subsequently, it is convenient for people to work or study at home. Distance learning program is a good casein point. It is the distance learning programs through computer that largely helps people who are unable to go to school have access to education.On the contrary, a host of people oppose the opinion above. They believe working or studying at home will probably reduce the communication among colleagues and classmates. They fear that this may encourage people to be more indifferent to others, thus resulting in relationship not as close as in the past. Another consideration for those people lies with people’s physical impairments induced from sitting in front of the computer too long. Since all work needs to be done on computer, barely can people spare a minute for rest and a cup of coffee, which will inevitably hazard people health.All in all, this development can be taken as beneficial as detrimental. It is acceptable for people to work or study with computer at home for sake of the convenience it brings about, but it will also spark off health-related problems and the decrease of people’s social interaction.（304 words）2011.4.2Many people think that cheap air travel should be encouraged because it gives ordinary people the freedom to travel further. However, others think that this leads to environmental problem, and so air travel shouldbe more expensive in order to discourage people from having it. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.In today’s world, advanced transportation technology has made travelling modes more diverse than ever before. Some people prefer air travel to other ways due to taking the airplane being more comfortable and going further. They, consequently, consider that the cheaper air travel is, the more benefits ordinary people gain, while others especially campaigners for environmental protection propose that w e should limit air travel through increasing the air travel’s price. I think this is an impractical suggestion.Cheap air travel, which can benefit the less-wealthy people, is an inevitable fact of life. Because of the stagnant market and the fierce competition in the area of civil aviation companies, numerous promotion programs are offered to passengers which make air travel affordable for ordinary people. Moreover, air trips make it possible for people to travel around the world quickly and freely, which ensures the growth of modern industries such as international tourism. However, those people who insist on limiting air travel through raising tickets’ prices can reduce environment pollution have made a huge mistake. Air trips can ferry far more passengers and are also much longer than others. Therefore, when we think an increasing amount of pollution is produced by air of per passenger and kilometer travelled, the other travel mode such as a car journey is no more fuel-efficient and environment-friendly than a flight. Discouraging people to travel by air, which will cause less pollution, is a certain improper act.In conclusion, cheap air travel has become an inescapable trend. Instead of persuading people to sacrifice their comfort and convenience, we should focus on improving clean and renewable fuels and more efficient airplanes that will not put the environment in danger. (279 words)2011.4.16Many people believe it is important to protect environment, but they make no effort to do it themselves. What is the reason? Do you have any suggestion for individuals to protect environment?The issue of environmental degradation, if not solved effectively, is believed to impose a severe thr eat to people’s survival in the years ahead. The significance of protecting environment has been staggering into the public, but few people take actions to do it. The reasons will be analyzed followed by some responsible solutions.Several reasons would account for the discouragement of individuals to take few actions to protect environment. First, it is true that tiny individual actions often seem insignificant compared to the scale and complexity of environmental problems such as pollution, deforestation and depletion of natural resources, so individuals choose to relieve their duty rather than do as much as they can to cope with these problems. Another obstacle which makes individual actions almost impossible is government intervention or even。
剑8test1阅读答案
剑8test1阅读答案【篇一：剑桥雅思8阅读解析test1passage2】txt>剑桥雅思8阅读解析test1passage2摘要：剑桥雅思8阅读资料在网上并不多，想要这方面资料的烤鸭，可以去小马雅思频道上面看看，今天小马小编带来剑桥雅思8阅读解析test1passage2，希望大家能好好看看。
剑桥雅思 8阅读解析test1passage2名师点题剑桥雅思8阅读：剑桥雅思阅读文章结构体裁：说明为主主要内容：介绍美国空中交通管制制度。
结构：a 段 :美国联邦航空局(faa)建立的原因。
b 段 :早期的空中交通管理制度。
c 段 :通讯和喷气引擎的改良使空中交通管制势在必行。
d 段 :关于空中管制的片面的看法。
e 段 :飞行区域的高度划分。
f 段 :根据天气情况制定飞行规则。
g 段 :管控飞行区域的具体类别。
名师点题剑桥雅思8阅读：questions 14-19● 题型归类 :list of headings 这种题型考查考生对于文章段落整体结构的把握。
建议读文章时以句子为单位进行阅读,而非以单词为最小阅读单位。
阅读文章,并按照主题句→关键词→同义替换的步骤解题,即 :找出段落中主题句,再找出主题句中的关键词,然后到所给选项中选择其同义替换后的答案。
由于 70% 的学术性写作采用演绎法,即先陈述观点,再加以详细证明,故主题句常常出现在段首。
若段首未见主题句,此时文章可能采取归纳法写作,则可去段尾寻找。
若段落中皆为具体细节描写,则选项多为其对应的抽象概括词。
主题句中的关键词往往是去掉修饰限制的细节的句子主干。
但是多数关键词要经过同义替换后才是正确选项。
除非特殊情况如无法替换的具体名词或专有名词,否则正确选项中通常很少出现文章中的原词。
原文中原词出现过多的选项则往往是用作干扰的错误选项。
题目编号题目选项句意段落主题句题解14ii 飞机失事灾难促进采取行动a 段第 1 句答案 ii 本段第 1 句讲述飞机失事是美国联邦航空总署成立原因,第 2 句简述其建立的结果影响。
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2011年1月8日雅思阅读真题标准答案READING PASSAGE 11 ten thousand2 South-East Asia3 hard seeds4 F5 A6 D7 C8 E9 B10 C11 Not Given12 False13 TrueREADING PASSAGE 214 B15 C16 D17 True18 False19 True20 False21 Not Given22 True23 True24-26 in any orderBDF READING PASSAGE 327 C28 B29 Persian wars30 allies31 geographical knowledge32 pilgrimage33 India34 colonies35 organization36 wealthy37 D38 B39 A40 D2011年1月8日雅思阅读真题解析READING PASSAGE 1Questions 1‐31.题目答案一定为数字信息，同时根据顺序原则，答案应该出现在文章开头，于是定位于原文第一段第二句话“Agricultural scientists believe that the first edible banana was discovered around ten thousand years ago”，题目信息“eaten”对应原文中的“edible”，所以答案为ten thousand。
2.题目答案应该为一个地名，同时根据顺序原则，定位于第一段第三行中部“it was firstpropagated in the jungles of South‐East Asia…”，题目信息“planted”对应原文中的“propagated”，所以答案为South‐East Asia。
3.利用细节信息“wild banana’s taste”和顺序原则定位于第一段第四行“Normally the wildbanana…contains a mass of hard seeds that make the fruit virtually inedible”，题目信息“adversely affected”对应原文中的“virtually inedible”，所以答案为hard seeds或seeds。
Questions 4‐104.利用细节信息“pest invasion”定位于第三段倒数第二行Geoff Hawtin的观点“When somepest or disease comes along, severe epidemics can occur”，原文中的“severe epidemics can occur”对应题目信息“seriously damage banana industry”，所以答案为F。
5.利用细节信息“fungal infection in soli”定位于原文第四段第五行Rodomiro Ortiz的观点“Once the fungus gets into the soil it remains there for many years”，原文中的“many years”对应题目信息“long‐lasting”，所以答案为A。
6.利用细节信息“a commercial manufacturer”定位于原文倒数第三段倒数第五行RonaldRomero的观点“We supported a breeding program for 40 years…”，题目信息“a commercial manufacturer”对应原文观点后面的“head of research at Chiquita, one of the Big Three companies that dominate the international banana trade”，所以答案为D。
7.利用细节信息“chemical sprays”定位于原文第五段倒数第七行Emile Frison的观点“Assoon as you bring in a new fungicide, they develop resistance…”，原文中的“fungicide”对应题目信息“chemical sprays”，所以答案为C。
8.利用细节信息“destroyed a large number of banana plantations”定位于原文第五段倒数第四行Luadir Gasparotto的观点“Most of the banana fields in Amazonia have already been destroyed by the disease”，所以答案为E。
9.利用细节信息“consumers would not accept”定位于原文最后一段第三行提到的DavidMcLaughlin的观点“there are serious questions about consumer acceptance”，题目中的“genetically altered crop”对应本段第一句中的GM（genetic modification的缩写），所以答案为B。
10.利用细节信息“lesson for other crops”定位于原文第二段第二行Emile Frison的观点“itholds a lesson for other crops, too”，所以答案为C。
Questions 11‐1311.利用细节信息“oldest known fruit”定位于原文第一段第一句话“The banana is among theworld’s oldest crops”。
根据原文这个信息来判断，题目可能为True，也可能为False，所以答案为Not Given。
12.利用细节信息“Gros Michel”定位于原文第四段倒数第二、三句话“During the 1960s, itreplaced the Gros Michel on supermarket shelves. If you buy a banana today, it is almost certainly a Cavendish”。
题目信息“still being used as a commercial product”与原文中的“it replaced the Gros Michel on supermarket shelves”以及“almost certainly a Cavendish”直接相反，所以答案为False。
13.利用细节信息“main food”定位于原文第五段开头几句话“Half a billion people in Asia andAfrica depend on bananas…Its name is synonymous with food…”。
题目信息与原文是同义表达，所以答案为True。
READING PASSAGE 2Questions 14‐1614.利用细节信息“public interest in costal archaeology”和顺序原则定位于原文第一段第四行“…had attracted the interest of antiquarians since at least the eighteenth century, but serious and systematic attention has been given…”。
但是这种现象的原因并不位于第一段，而在第二段“It is possible to trace a variety of causes for this concentration of effort and interest”后面的信息。
后面主要讲到人们开始关注“costal archaeology”是因为“climate change and its environmental impact”，因为“sea levels”上涨影响了“costal environments”，于是更多的人意识到“coastal erosion”和“human activity”对“archaeological resource of the coast”有破坏作用，这些信息都与选项B“the rising awareness of climate change”相关，所以答案为B。
15.利用细节信息“boats”定位于原文第六段，这里提及了大量“boats”方面的考古发现。
选项A“There’s enough knowledge of the boatbuilding technology of the pre‐historic people”应该排除，因为其与原文内容“we still have much to learn about their production and use”直接相反。
选项B“Many of the boats discovered were found in harbors”也可以排除，因为“harbor”在第七段才出现，而且也没有提及是否在“harbor”发现了大量的船。
选项D“Boats were first used for fishing”也应该排除，因为“fishing”在第八段才提到，讲的是沿海人类的经济活动，并没提及船最初都是用作打渔的。
所以答案为C。
“The use of boats had not been recorded for a thousand years”对应原文第六段第五行“after this there is a gap in the record of a millennium…”。
16.利用细节信息“from the air”定位于原文第八段第四句“Elaborate wooden fish weirs, oftenof considerable extent and responsive to aerial photography in shallow water…”，原文中的“aerial photography”对应题目信息“discovered from the air”。
原文信息“Elaborate wooden fish weirs”与选项D“fisheries”直接对应，所以答案为D。
Questions 17‐2317.利用细节信息“after the ice‐age”和“rising sea level”定位于原文第三段前两句话“…inthe post‐glacial period…the rise in the altitude of sea level…The encroachment of the sea, the loss of huge areas of land now under the North Sea and the English Channel…”，题目信息“after the ice‐age”对应原文中的“post‐glacial period”，题目内容是原文的简单归纳，所以答案为True。