英语中五个基本句型是
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英语中五个基本句型是:
一 . 何谓主系表结构:所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。
1.主语(Subject):
主语是一句话的中心,表示所说的是谁或是什么,其位置一般放在句首。英语中主语一般不省略。
主语主要由名词、动名词、代词或起名词作用的短语或从句来充当。例如:
Li Lei is a Chinese boy. ( Li Lei 是名词,作主语。)
He is from England. ( He 是代词,作主语。)
Feeding the birds is my hobby. (“Feeding the birds ”是动名词短语作主语)。
What she said is right. (“ What she said ”是从句,作主语。)
2.系动词(Link verb):
系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。
简单地说,将主语和表语联系在一起,并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。目前学到的系动词有:
表状态或特征的系动词:be, appear, seem, look, taste, sound, smell, feel等。
表状态变化过程的系动词:become, get, grow, fall, turn 等。
例如:
This flower is beautiful. I felt very tired. You look worried. It tastes delicious.
3.表语(Predicative):
表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的。它又叫作主语补足语。表语位于系动词之后,主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词(短语)或动名词(短语)等来充当。例如:
I am fine. ( fine 是形容词,作表语)
He is a boy . ( boy 是名词,作表语)
Five plus two is seven . ( seven 是数词,作表语)We are here . ( here 是副词,作表语)
He is not at home . (“ at home ”是介词短语,作表语)
My hobby is reading . ( reading 是动名词,作表语)
二 . 主系表结构的否定形式和一般疑问句形式的构成情况
(一)否定形式:
1. 主语+ be ( is , am , are ) not +表语。
2. 主语+助动词( do/ does )+ not + feel/ smell/ look +表语。
例如:
She is a good girl. → She is not a good girl.
You look happy. → You don’t look happy.
It smells bad. → It doesn’t smell bad.
(二)一般疑问句形式:
1. Be ( Is / Am/ Are )+主语+表语?
2.助动词( Do/ Does )+主语+动词原形+表语?
例如: This girl is in Row One. → Is this girl in Row One?
She feels terrible. → Does she feel terrible?
We look excited. → Do you look excited?
二:请大家按句子后面括号内的要求改写句子:
1. Lily is American. (改为一般疑问句)
2. I am from Sichuan. (改为否定句)
3. He looks puzzled. (改为一般疑问句)
4. They feel very excited. (改为否定句)
5. I am not feeling well. (改为肯定句)
6. The news sounds very bad. (改为一般疑问句)
7. We are all here. (改为一般疑问句)
8. The food tastes delicious. (改为一般疑问句)
9. Its name is Mimi. (改为否定句)10. I feel well. (改为否定句)