201403第三次-多动句和兼语式的翻译

第一个动词也可用分词结构来翻译，如：
他打开抽屉拿出词典来。 Opening the drawer, he took out a dictionary.
2. 有“目的”关系的连动式，翻译 时通常是 把前一个动词词翻译成谓语，而后一个动 词即表示目的的词，则用不定式译成目的 状语。
去年我和弟弟回乡去看朋友。 Last year I went home with my brother to visit our friends. 特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门
3. 有伴随动作的多动句，用分词。例如:
他站在门口笑。 He stood at the door, grinning. 这时植树树苗存活率高，之后长得也快，因 此清明节也是植树的好时候。 从上空来看，长城像一条蛇。 Seen from the sky, the Great Wall is like a snake. 做完了家庭作业，孩子们就回家了。 Having finished their homework, the children went home.
预测题9 --译改编简
• 香港中文大学成立于1963年，是一所研究 型综合大学，以“结合传统与现代，融汇 中国与西方”为创校使命。 • Founded in 1963, the Chinese University of Hong Kong is a research-oriented comprehensive university. • Its mission is to combine tradition with modernity and bring together China and the west.
6. He came back home with some books under
his arm.
7. I’ll take my child to the street for a walk.
8. He went to Xi’an for a visit during the summer vocation. 9. He sent his son to town to buy some wine.
二、 兼语式的译法
兼语式语句的句法特点： 谓语有两个动词，前一个动词的宾语又 是后一个动词的主语，前后两个动词不共一
个主语。
翻译方法： 1. 把兼语的第二个动词转化成英语的宾语补 足语。
当兼语式的第一个动词是 “使、让、 叫、请、劝、派、要求、迫使、号召、鼓 励、禁止……”等时，译成英语后，很多情 况下，其宾语补足语动词不定式来充当， 如：
• 体重是个大问题，因为它决定着我找男朋 友和嫁出去的可能性。 • My weight is a big problem because it determines the possibility of finding a boyfriend and getting married in the future.
窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。 During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.
• 40多年来，它一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚 持双语(binlingual)教育，并推行独特的书院制度 (college system)，在香港教育界卓然而立。 • For more than 40 years, it has distinguished itself in the Hong Kong education arena by virtue of carrying forward traditional Chinese culture, adhering to bilingual education, and carrying out its unique college system.
4. 连动式的翻译要根据英语习惯，灵活掌握， 有时也可以用其他方法 他回房间去取钥匙。 He went back to his room for the key. 人民起来反抗压迫。 The people rose against oppression.
练习：翻译下列句，注意连动式谓语的译法。
1、他拉过一把椅子放在客人的后面。 2、第二天早上，他到镇上借钱买茶叶。 3、他解开大襟上的纽扣，又抓着衣角扇了几下， 站起来回家去。 4、她抱住女儿的头痛哭着。 5、她腋下夹着几本书回来了。 6、我要带着孩子到街上走走。 7、暑假里他乘火车到西安去参观。 8、他打发儿子到城里去买些酒来。
• Founded in 1963, the Chinese University of Hong Kong is a research-oriented comprehensive university with a mission to combine tradition with modernity and bring together China and the west.
2. 英语中有大量的含有“致使、促成”意义的 动词，有时为了句子简洁有力，往往利用 这类动词来翻译。如：
这真叫我吃惊！ It surprised me!
这暴行使全世界公众舆论感到震惊。
This outrage shocked the world.
4. 按照上下处理。
• The flexible credit unit system allows more freedom for students in designing their own learning. • Its multi-faceted education helps every student to give full play to their potential.
5. Informative, interesting, and of scholarly
profundity, the book contains quite a few illustrations and is worthy of perusal by theater experts, movie and TV specialists, artists, literary circles, aestheticians, sociologists and folklorist.
1. 表示先后关系的连动式， 通常将几个动词
译成并列谓语，按照原文的次序，用and
加以连接。这是翻译连动式的最基本的方 法。
他把书接过来摆在桌子上。 He took the book and laid it on the desk. 这个军官放下杯子站了起来。 The officer put down his glass and stood up.
• 其校园占地134公顷(hectare)，是世界上最 美丽的校园之一。 • Its 134-hectare campus is one of the most beautiful campuses in the world .
• 灵活的学分制赋予学生更大的学习自主权。 它的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生 的潜能。 • The flexible credit unit system allows students more freedom for self learning. • Its plural education helps every student to fully realize their potential.
翻译这类兼语式时，宾语补足语有时还可以 用形容词、副词或分词。如: 你妈妈叫你马上回去。 You mother wants you back home at once. 我们必须使房子保持整洁。 We must keep the room clean and tidy. 什么使你这样激动？ What made you so excited? 他觉得房子在摇动。 He felt the house shaking.
Lecture Three 连动式和兼语式句子的翻译
一、连动式/多动句的翻译
汉语连动式的特点是： 两个或两个以上的动词与同一个主语发
生主谓关系。 这两个或两个以上的动词所表示的动作、 行为，在顺序上不能变动。
连动式的动词之间虽然没有关联词语，但 在意义上却有一定的关系：有的表示目的与手 段，有的表示原因与结果，有的只表示行为动 作的先后。 如果连动式里的几个动词只表示动作先后 关系，则按照动作发生的先后，翻译成几个并 列的谓语动词。 找主要动词，将其作为谓语；将其他动词 翻译成不定式、分词、介词或介词短语。
1、该国政府敦促国际社会向逃到该国的难民 提供人道主义救援。 2、安理会决定向该地区派维和部队制止冲突 升级。 3、国际奥委会选定这个城市为下界奥运会的 会址。 4、他们认为她是全国人大代表的合适人选 5、该书融学术性、知识性、趣味性于一体， 并有插图照片，可供广大戏曲、影视、美 术、文学、社会学和民俗学工作者参考。
Keys of Ex2:
1. The government appealed to the world community for providing humanitarian relief aid to the refugees who fled to its country. 2. The Security Council decided to send a peace-keeping force to prevent the escalation of conflicts in that area. 3. The International Olympic Committee has selected this city as the site for the coming Olympic Games. 4. They regard her as the right candidate for a deputy to the National Congress.
我们都劝他戒烟。
We all advised him to give up smoking.
有时英语的宾语补足语也可由介词来充当。如: 他迫使对方处于守势。 He drove his opponent into a defensive position. 地震使所有的房子都成了废墟。
The earthquake reduced all the houses to ruins.
You’d better surrender yourself to the police in
hope of being accorded lenient treatment.
当局应该禁止该影片上映。
The film came under the ban of censor.
练习:翻译下列句，注意兼语式结构的译法。
Keys of Ex.1
1. He drew up a chair and put it behind the guest. 2. The next morning he went into town to borrow money for buying tea. 3. He unfastened his jacket and swung its opened edges back and forth a few minutes to fan himself. 4. Then he stood up and started for home. 5. Hugging her daughter, she broke down completely.