汉译英词语翻译成语翻译
汉译英 成语的翻译
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳。 Constant dropping wears the stone. 水滴石穿。 Actions speak louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
成语翻译要注意的事项
汉语成语的语言特色，即形象鲜明、常用典故、
音韵和谐，翻译时应尽可能地保留这些特色。 然而由于汉英两种语言和文化的巨大差异，汉 语成语的这些特色很难全部在译文中得以再现， 此时译者必须有所舍弃，采取适当的翻译策略 以确保主要信息的传递。 现代翻译学认为，译文与原文在意义上应动态 对应，不要形式对等。因此，从原文的深层意 义出发，汉语句子当中的四字词组在译成英语 时都有可能与英语句中的单词、短语、习语甚 至整句相对应。
Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. 不可过早乐观。 Every cloud has a silver lining. 天下没有绝对的坏事。 Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water. 同这么多穿着体面而又有教养的人在一起，这位乡下 姑娘感到很不自在。 She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth; she thinks she can do what she likes. 她生长在富贵之家，认为凡事都可随心所欲。
TRANSLATION APPRECIATION
1.It is too late to grieve when the chance is past. 坐失良机，后悔已迟。 2.It’s never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。 3.Joy at its height engenders sorrow. 乐极生悲。 4.Justice has long arms.
英汉成语对比与翻译
英汉成语对比与翻译爱屋及乌 love me, love my dog.百闻不如一见 seeing is believing.比上不足，比下有余 "worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst笨鸟先飞 a slow sparrow should make an early start.不眠之夜 white night不以物喜，不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best不打不成交 "no discord, no concord.拆东墙补西墙 rob peter to pay paul辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener国泰民安 the country flourishes and people live in peace过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little功夫不负有心人 everything comes to him who waits.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more好事不出门，恶事传千里 good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.和气生财 harmony brings wealth活到老，学到老 one is never too old to learn.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones金无足赤,人无完人 gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.金玉满堂 treasures fill the home脚踏实地 be down-to-earth脚踩两只船 sit on the fence君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green老生常谈，陈词滥调cut and dried, cliché礼尚往来 courtesy calls for reciprocity.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧 "where there is life, there is hope."马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightened没有规矩不成方圆 nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.每逢佳节倍思亲on festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away.it is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.谋事在人，成事在天 "the planning lies with man, the outcome with heaven. / man proposes, god disposes. "弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; cunning outwits itself.拿手好戏 masterpiece赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale破釜沉舟 cut off all means of retreat；burn one‘s own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities巧妇难为无米之炊 if you have no hand you can't make a fist./ one can't make bricks without straw.千里之行始于足下a thousand-li journey begins with the first step--the highest eminence is to be gained step by step前事不忘,后事之师 past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future.前人栽树,后人乘凉 one generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests.one sows and another reaps.前怕狼,后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind/ hesitate in doing something弱龙容易压地头蛇 even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies.强强联手 win-win co-operation瑞雪兆丰年 a timely snow promises a good harvest.人之初,性本善 man's nature at birth is good.人逢喜事精神爽 joy puts heart into a man.人海战术 huge-crowd strategy世上无难事，只要兹登山 "where there is a will, there is a way. "世外桃源 a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;死而后已 until my heart stops beating岁岁平安 peace all year round上有天堂，下有苏杭 "just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are suzhou and hangzhou on earth."塞翁失马，焉知非福 misfortune may be an actual blessing.三十而立 "a man should be independent at the age of thirty.at thirty, a man should be able to think for himself."升级换代 updating and upgrading (of products)四十不惑 life begins at forty.谁言寸草心，抓得三春晖 "such kindness of warm sun, can't be repaid by grass. "水涨船高 when the river rises, the boat floats high.时不我待 time and tide wait for no man.杀鸡用牛刀 break a butterfly on the wheel实事求是 seek truth from facts; be practical and realistic; be true to facts说曹操,曹操到 talk of the devil and he comes.实话实说 speak the plain truth; call a spade a spade; tell it as it is实践是检验真理的唯一标准 practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.山无此低，存有仙则名 "no matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy; "韬光养晦 hide one's capacities and bide one's time糖衣炮弹 sugar-coated bullets天有不测风云 anything unexpected may happen. a bolt from the blue团结一致就是力量 unity is strength.“跳进黄河洗不清” "eve if one jumped into the yellow river, one can not wash oneself clean--there's nothing one can do to clear one's name "歪风邪气 unhealthy practices and evil phenomena物以类聚，人以群分 birds of a feather flock together.追忆例如风 "the past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; what in past, is past."望子成龙 hold high hopes for one's child屋漏又可逢连阴雨 misfortunes never come singly. when it rains it pours.文韬武略 military expertise; military strategy唯利是图 draw water to one's mill无源之水,无本之木 water without a source, and a tree wiithout roots无中生有 make/create something out of nothing无风不起浪 there are no waves without wind. there's no smoke without fire.徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends新官上任三把火 a new broom sweeps clean虚心并使人进步,自豪并使人滞后 modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.蓄势而发 accumulate strength for a take-off心想事成 may all your wish come true心照不宣 have a tacit understanding; give tacit consent; tacit understanding先入为主 first impressions are firmly entrenched.先下手为强 catch the ball before the bound像是热锅上的蚂蚁 like an ant on a hot pan现身说法 warn people by taking oneself as an example息事宁人 pour oil on troubled waters喜忧参半 mingled hope and fear循序渐进 step by step一路平安，一路顺风 speed somebody on their way; speed the parting guest严以律己,宽以待人 be strict with oneself and lenient towards others鱼米之乡 a land of milk and honey有情人终成眷属 "jack shall have jill, all shall be well."有钱能使鬼推磨 money makes the mare go. money talks.有识之士 people of vision有勇无谋 use brawn rather than brain有缘千里去相见 separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by predestination.与时俱进 advance with times以人为本 people oriented; people foremost因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude欲穷千里目，更上一层楼 "to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; ascend further, were you to look farther; would eye embrace a thousand miles? go up, one flight."欲速则不达 haste does not bring success.优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest英雄所见略同 great minds think alike.冤家宜求解不必结 better make friends than make enemies.冤假错案 "cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases"一言既出，驷马难追 a real man never goes back on his words.招财进宝 money and treasures will be plentiful债台高筑 become debt-ridden致命要害 achilles' heel众矢之的 target of public criticism知己知彼,百战不殆 know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.纸上谈兵 be an armchair strategist纸包不住火 truth will come to light sooner or later.左右为难 between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place。
英汉翻译四字成语
英汉翻译四字成语饱经风霜bǎojīngfēngshuāng【表述】饭：充份；经：经历；风霜：比喻艰难困苦。
形容经历过长期的艰难困苦的生活和斗争。
【出处】清·孔尚任《桃花扇》第二十一出：“鸡皮瘦损，看饱经雪霜，丝鬓如银。
”【结构】动宾式。
【用法】用于经验极其丰富；有时也可用拟人化手法指物。
一般作谓语、定语。
【正音】经；无法读成“jīn”。
【辨形】经；不能写作“径”。
【近义词】饱经世故、曾经沧海【反义词】一帆风顺、养尊处优【辨析】~和“饱经沧桑”；都所含“学识浅”的意思。
但“饱经沧桑”偏重于特别强调经历许多变化的意思；“~”偏重于特别强调经历过长期艰难困苦生活的磨练的意思。
【例句】(1)这位~的老人深深地假戏真做着自己的祖国。
(2)王大爷在旧社会~；十分热爱新社会的幸福生活。
【英译】endureallthehardshipsofexposure1.祸起萧墙：祸乱发生在家里，比喻内部发生祸乱。
2.积重难返：指长期构成的不当风俗、习惯难于发生改变3.集腋成裘：狐狸腋下的皮虽然很少，但是涌入出来就能够花缎一件皮袍。
比喻积少成多。
4.计日程功：可以数着日子计算进度，形容数着日子算进度，形容在较短期间就可以成功。
5.济济一堂：形容许多有才能的人聚在一起。
6.间不容发：中间容不下一根头发，比喻与灾祸距离极近，情势极其危难。
7.见仁见智：对同一问题，各人从相同角度抱持相同的观点。
8.见贤思齐：见到好的，优秀的，就向其学习，向其看齐。
9.矫揉造作：形容过分做作，极不自然。
10.矫枉过正：制止偏差搞得过了头11.金科玉律：比喻不能变更的信条或法律条文。
12.噤若寒蝉：形容不敢并作声。
13.敬谢不敏：谢，推辞；不敏，无能。
表示推辞做某事的婉辞。
弄错用作婉拒别人的建议14.久假不归：长期筹钱回去，不交还。
15.开卷有益：读书就存有斩获。
开卷，打开书本，借指读书。
16.恪遵功令：严谨地遵守条令制度。
17.空穴来风：存有了洞穴才存有风进去，比喻消息和传说不是全然没原因的。
四字成语翻译英汉对比
21. 备受推崇 be rewarded and respected
22. 善有善报，恶有恶报 the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished
集思广益 draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas
国泰民安 the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony
政通人和 the government functions well and people cooperate well
继往开来，承前启后 (continue the past and open up the future ) break new ground for the future
路遥知马力，日久见人心 Time will tell.
吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜 no sweet without sweat
车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直 in the end things mend /there’s always a way out
急功近利 eager for instant success and quick profits
大黑扫黄 crack down on gangland and pornography
德高望重 of high ability and integrity
互利互补 mutually complementary and beneficial
28. 福祉 well-being
英汉互译常考谚语成语及《论语》重点翻译
直译冷战：cold war穿梭外交：shuttle diplomacy武装到牙齿：Armed to the teeth君子协定：A gentleman’s agreement打破纪录：To break the record特洛伊木马：The Trojan horse门户开放政策：The open-door police猫有九命：A cat has nine lives吠犬不咬人：A barking dog never bites滚石不生苔：A rolling stone gathers no moss意译法上当，被人利用：to be cat’s paws很不自在：like a fish out of water生在富贵之家：to be born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth同义习语套用法笑掉大牙：to laugh off one’s head猫哭老鼠：to shed crocodile tears捉襟见肘：to be out at elbows花钱如流水（挥金如土）：to spend money like water乱七八糟：at sixes and sevens直译加解释法没有不带刺的玫瑰（世上没有十全的幸福/有苦必有乐）：（There is ）no rose without a thorm 老狗学不出新把戏（老顽固不能学新事物）：An old dog will learn no new tricks（you can not teath old dogs new tricks）膏粱子弟：the children from well-fed families高屋建瓴：pour water off a steep roof好狗应该得好骨头（有功者受奖）：aAgood dog deserves a good bone直译联想法拙匠常怪工具差（不会撑船怪河弯）：Bad workmen often blame their tools.笑别人驼背的人得自己先把身子挺直（己不正不正人）：He who laughs at crooked men shouldneed walk very straight.路必有弯/世上没有直路（事必有变/瓦片也有翻身日）：It is a long lane that has no turning.意译改造法一燕不成夏（一花不是春/一木不成林）：One swallow does not make a summer.无火不起烟（无风不起浪）：no smoke without fire对联增字法人有失手日，马有失蹄时/智者千虑，必有一失/老虎也会打盹，好马也会失蹄/再聪明的人也有糊涂时/伟人也不总是聪明的：Graet men are not always wise好事不出门，坏事传千里：Ill news comes apace.近朱者赤，近墨者黑：He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.等值互借法山中无老虎，猴子称霸王：Among the blind the one-eyed man is king.英雄所见略同：Great minds think alike.趁热打铁：Strike while the iron is hot.有其父必有其子：Like father,like son.有志者事竟成：Where there is a will,there is a way.成语人生七十古来稀：The days of our years are three-score years and ten.掌上明珠：the apple of the eye不露锋芒：hide one’s light under a bushel旧瓶装新酒：new wine in old bottles废物/无价值之物：a dead dog以眼还眼，以牙还牙：eye for eye,tooth for tooth进退两难/进退维谷/在魔鬼与深海之间：between the devil and the deep sea死里逃生/幸免于死:escape by the skin of one’s teeth偷偷摸摸/鬼鬼祟祟：hole and corner不能依靠的人物/压伤的芦苇：a broken reed有眼不识泰山/于不察觉中招待了天使：entertain an angel unawares雷声大雨点小/叫得多，干得几乎没效果：much cry and little wool拦路虎：a lion in the way人不为己，天诛地灭/人人为自己，魔鬼抓到最后的：Everyone for himself and the devil take the hindmost以卵击石/螳臂当车:kick against the pricks一只老鼠坏了一锅汤：a fly in the ointment一视同仁：no respecter of person洗手不干：wash one’s hands of a thing明珠暗投/对牛弹琴/把珍珠抛给猪：cast pearls before swine心有余而力不足：The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.分辨良莠/把好人和坏人分开：Separate the sheep from the goats.聪明保险的办法是向大量谋士求计/谋士多，人便安居：In the multitude of counselors there issafety.百川归海而海不盈：All the rivers run into the sea;yet the sea is not full.赤条条来去无牵挂/因为我们没带什么来到世界上，也不能带什么去：For we brought nothing into this world,and it is certain we can carry nothing out.干徒劳无益的事（对月亮吠叫）：bay the moon既往不咎（事情干了就算了）：What’s done is done.真相终将大白（纸包不住火）：Murder will out.同床异梦：strange bedfellows作法自毙（用炸药来炸翻自己）：be hoist with one’s own petard无事生非，无事自扰：much ado about nothing情人眼里出西施（爱情是盲目的）：Love is blind.在其位不谋其政（占着茅坑不拉屎）：a dog in the manger养虎遗患、姑息恶人，必将受害：cherish a snake in one’s bosom笑面虎/披着羊皮的狼：a wolf in sheep’s clothing朝三暮四：blow hot and cold烽火戏诸侯（发假警报）：cry wolf杀鸡取卵，竭泽而渔：kill the goose that lays the golden eggs子曰：“学而时习之，不亦悦乎。
中译英-成语俗语
中译英——成语/俗语翻译1.“中国诗词大会”自开始以来，已经是家喻户晓的了。
(know)2. 学习新知识的时候，千万不要不懂装懂。
(pretend)3. 对于即将到来的英语演讲比赛，他胸有成竹。
(confidence)4. 经过彻底的大扫除后，新办公室布置得井井有条。
(order)5. 看着同学们都去农场劳动，我迫不及待地也想体验一下。
(wait)6. 超市货架上的商品种类繁多，令人难以选择。
(variety)7. 虽然你送孩子上学得花一大笔钱，可这钱花得值。
(worth)8. 他的寡言少语使同事们觉得很难与他沟通。
(communicate)9. 他在异国他乡孤身只影，举目无亲。
(alone)10. 我不喜欢看这类电视剧，因为它们都千篇一律。
(pattern)11. 你们的前途都很远大，但仍需努力工作。
(need)12. 他对批评者的话置若罔闻，根本不把它当回事。
（take）13. 从人口数量方面讲，印度仅次于中国。
(next)14.一切顺其自然，你就能享受生活的每一天。
(as)15. 他遭遇车祸反而因祸得福了。
（turn）16. 经营这家书店，他每个月赚的钱几乎不够养家糊口。
(support)17. 虽然他的同学在智力上比他强，但他相信勤能补拙。
(superior)18. 这样一个发大财的机会千载难逢，你怎么能眼睁睁的让它跑掉呢？(slip)19. 销售经理对于员工工作的评价使所有在场的人不知所措。
(comment)20. 没有什么比看见孩子有一天能在社会上自食其力更加令父母高兴的事了。
(please)中译英——成语/俗语翻译1.“中国诗词大会”自开始以来，已经是家喻户晓的了。
(know) “Chinese Poetry Conference” has become known to e very household since its start.2. 学习新知识的时候，千万不要不懂装懂。
(pretend)Be sure not to pretend to know what you really don’t know when learning something new.3. 对于即将到来的英语演讲比赛，他胸有成竹。
汉译英_成语的翻译 2
二、 将四字词组译成短语，如介词短语、
副词短语、不定式短语
这种方法往往是套用英语中最简单的词
组或句型。
某位领导的讲话要求外交人员“立场坚
定、目光远大、头脑敏捷、业务熟练、 才华出众、风格高尚”， “A Chinese diplomat should be firm in stand, broad in vision, swift in wit, qualified in profession, outstanding in talent, noble in character.”
三、套用英语中意思相同及功能对等 的习语
四字词组中有很大一部分是固定词组，即成语。成语
往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。翻译时除了要 忠实地表达原文意义之外，还要尽可能保持原文成语 的形象比喻，丰富联想，修辞效果以及其民族、地方 特点等。有的成语和英语中的习语在内容和形式上都 相符合，双方不但有相同的意义和修辞色彩，并且有 相同或大体相同的形象比喻。汉译英时，如果遇到这 种情况，不妨直截了当地套用英语同义习语。这样的 译文可能会增色不少，基本能实现四字词组的美学价 值转移。
谚语俗语
亡羊补牢
Mend the fold after the sheep is stolen. 外来语 一尘不染 Free of dust 心花怒放
Be wild with joy\be elated
新生成语
分秒必争
Seize every minute and second Race against time 百花齐放
香港人、爱护香港人的旭日辉映下，满怀信心，升锚 启航，向着振兴中华，祖国统一的宏伟目标乘风奋进。 We are embarking on a new era. With the respect and trust from the entire nation, we will be much more equipped to sail forward with confidence and with conviction.We will play a part in facilitating the reunification of the entire nation, and bringing a better life to all in the nation.
成语翻译(英汉互译)
繁荣昌盛thriving and prosperous爱不释手fondle admiringly爱财如命skin a flea for its hide爱屋及乌love me,love my dog He that loves the tree loves the branch 安居乐业live and work in peace and contentment白手起家build up from nothing百里挑一one in hundred百折不挠be indomitable半途而废give up halfway leave sth. Unfinished包罗万象all-embracing all-inclusive饱经风霜weather-beaten卑躬屈膝bow and scrape cringe悲欢离合vicissitudes of life背道而驰run counter to run in the opposite direction本末倒置put the cart before the horse笨鸟先飞the slow need to start early必由之路the only way闭关自守close the country to international intercourse变本加厉be further intensified变化无常chop and change fantasticality变化无常chop and change fantasticality别开生面having sth. New别有用心have ulterior motives彬彬有礼refined and courteous urbane兵不厌诈in war nothing is too deceitful博古通今erudite and informed不败之地incincible position不耻下问feel not ashamed to learn from one's subordinates不可救药be past praying for beyond redemption不劳而获reap where one has not sown不屈不挠fortitude indefatigability perseverance persevere tenacity不速之客crasher uninvited guest不同凡响outstanding不言而喻speak for itself tell its own story tell its own tale went without saying不遗余力spare no effort spare no pains不以为然not approve object to不义之财filthy lucre filthy pelf the mammon of unrighteousness不亦乐乎extremely不远千里go to the trouble of travelling a long distance不约而同happen to coincide不择手段by any kind of means by hook or crook play hard by fair means or foul不知所措be at a loss be all adrift lose one's head out of one's wits才疏学浅have little talent and learning惨绝人寰extremely cruel沧海桑田time brings a great change to the worlds沧海一粟/九牛一毛a drop in the bucket草木皆兵a state of extreme nervousness层出不穷emerge in endlessly层峦迭嶂peaks over peaks察言观色carefully watch what sb. is doing and saying姹紫嫣红very beautiful flowers畅行无阻checkless车水马龙heavy traffic沉默寡言taciturnity称心如意well-content趁热打铁strike while iron is hot Hold a wolf the iron is hot成群结队gang horde诚惶诚恐with reverence and awe诚心诚意sincere desire承上启下a connecting link between the preceding and the following 吃苦耐劳tough吃里扒外live on sb. while helping others secretly痴心妄想胡思乱想wishful thinking持之以恒preserve叱咤风云ride the whirlwind愁眉苦脸pull a long face snoot愁眉苦脸的，愁眉苦脸地woebegone morosely臭名远扬，臭名昭著flagrancy，notorious出乎意料unexpected出口成章have an outstanding eloquence出类拔萃，鹤立鸡群fill the bill supereminence出谋划策give counsel suggest出奇制胜defeat sb. by a surprise action出生入死go through fire and water触类旁通comprehend by analogy垂头丧气，无精打采down in the mouth lose one's spirits with the tail between the legs垂头丧气的blue about the gills crestfallen downhearted绰绰有余more than sufficient此起彼伏as one falls,another rises从容不迫go easy take one's time从容不迫的leisured unhurried从容不迫地by easy stages粗枝大叶careless slapdash sloppy粗枝大叶的broad-brush措手不及unaware unprepared错综复杂扑朔迷离anfractuosity错综复杂的anfractuous daedal reticula sinuous打草惊蛇act rashly and about: the enemy大材小用waste one's talent on a petty job大公无私selfless大海捞针look for a needle in a bottle of hay大惑不解be extremely puzzled大惊小怪a storm in a teacup foofaraw fuss like a hen with one chicken 大惊小怪的spoffish大快人心affording general satisfaction大名鼎鼎famous well known大器晚成great minds mature slowly大千世界the boundless universe大失所望greatly disappointed大同小异largely identical but with minor differences大显身手大显神通strut one's stuff大言不惭夸夸其谈fanfaronade rodomontade大义凛然inspiring awe by upholding justice大义灭亲place righteousness above family loyalty大智若愚Still waters run deep. An empty vessel makes the most sound Still water runs deep呆若木鸡dumbstruck transfixed待人接物the ways one gets along with others殚思极虑rack one's brains胆小如鼠cannot say boh to a goose胆战心惊的funky淡泊明志not seek fame and wealth道貌岸然be sanctimonious得过且过drift along muddle along得天独厚的advantaged得心应手handy with facility得意忘形得意洋洋bloat get dizzy with success得意洋洋elated elation exaltation jauntiness得意扬扬ride high得意洋洋的cock-a-hoop high-blown perky得意扬扬的triumphant德才兼备have both ability and moral integrity德高望重sainted saintlike登峰造极reach the limit reach the peak of perfection地大物博vast territory and abundant resources颠倒黑白颠倒是非混淆是非call white black swear black is white 颠三倒四confused disorderly雕虫小技insignificant skill调兵遣将move forces调虎离山lure the enemy away from his base掉以轻心treat sth. Lightly喋喋不休blat cackle chackle harp harp on jaw-jaw rattle twitter wag 顶天立地of indomitable spirit东施效颦blind imitation with ludicrous effection东山再起bob up like a cork独具匠心show originality独树一帜develop a school of one's own独一无二in a class by oneself独一无二的unique unmatched unparalleled度日如年one day seems like a year断章取义garble quote out of context对牛弹琴whistle jigs to a milestone Cast pearls before swine对症下药suit the remedy to the case多才多艺versatility多才多艺的accomplished all-round allround miscellaneous versatile 多愁善感sensitivity sentimentality多愁善感的moonstruck spoony多此一举bring owls to Athens hold a candle to the sun多多益善the more the better咄咄逼人aggressive脱胎换骨thoroughly remould oneself阿谀奉承趋炎附势greasiness恩将仇报以怨报德忘恩负义bite the hand that feeds one尔虞我诈each trying to cheat the other发人深省的thought-provoking发人深省set people thinking发扬光大carry forward翻山越岭tramp over hill and dale翻天覆地world-shaking泛滥成灾overrun飞黄腾达青云直上come into one's kingdom rise in the world strike oil 飞黄腾达的successful飞禽走兽birds and beasts废寝忘食forget food and sleep分道扬镳part company,each going his own way分化瓦解disintegrate divide and demoralize分门别类classify纷至沓来come in a continuous stream纷至沓来的thick as hail奋不顾身dash ahead regardless of one's safety愤愤不平be indignant愤世嫉俗的cynical丰富多彩rich and colorful丰功伟绩great achievement丰衣足食have ample food and clothing风花雪月sentimental writings of the exploiting classes风马牛不相及be totally unrelated风靡一时be the rage风平浪静calm风起云涌like a rising wind and scudding clouds风雨同舟stand together regardless of situation风雨无阻in all weathers锋芒毕露make a showy display of one's abilities蜂涌而来pour逢场作戏join in the fun on occasion逢凶化吉trun ill luck into good奉公守法law-abiding敷衍了事make short shrift of palter scuffle釜底抽薪take a drastic measure to deal with a situation赴汤蹈火出生入死go through fire and water富丽堂皇magnificence覆水难收spilt water cannot be gathered up again It is no use crying over spilt milk。
中英文常用成语翻译
因时制宜 To act according to circumstances.
有勇无谋 More brave than wise.
有备无患 Good watch prevents misfortune.
和气生财 Harmony brings wealth
活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.
既往不咎 let bygones be bygones
金无足赤,人无完人 Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.
知人知面不知心 It's easy to know men's faces, but not their hearts.
知己知彼百战百胜 Know your enemy and know yourself.
空中楼阁 Castels in the air.
金科玉律 The golden rule.
活到老学到老 It's never too late to learn.
前事不忘后事之师 Remember the past and it will guide your future.
星星之火可以燎原 A single spark can start a prairie fire.
抛砖引玉 To throw out a minnow to catch a whale.
明辨是非 To distinguish right from wrong.
知足常乐 Happy is he who is content.
【管理资料】汉译英词语翻译--成语翻译--3汇编
成语英译方法（p79-81）
➢直译法 ➢意译法 ➢套译法 ➢加注法 ➢增译法
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直译法
➢按照字面意义直译可以让译 文读者准确理解其意义、且 不违背译文语言规范、不引 起错误联想的成语，都可以 直译。
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-直译法-1
➢有些汉语成语没 ➢口蜜腹剑 有形象的比喻意 ➢ to be honey义，它们的字面 mouthed and 意义也就是它们 dagger-hearted 的实际意义。对 这些成语，我们 当然可以采取字 面翻译。
➢ to drain a pond to catch all the fish
turning over one’s hand ➢ 玩火自焚
➢ to get burnt by the
fire kindled by oneself
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汉语成语英译
➢ 挥金如土
➢ to spend money like dirt
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-直译法
➢ 劳苦功高 ➢ to have spent toilsome labour and won
distinctive merits ➢ 屡教不改 ➢ to fail to mend one’s ways after repeated
admonition ➢ 牢不可破 ➢ to be so strongly built as to be indestructible
paper
and
bewitched gold
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意译法
➢ 单枪匹马
➢海阔天空
➢ to be singlehanded in doing sth.
成语翻译 中翻英
1.一视同仁He treats everyone across the board.2.一模一样These twins look as like as two peas.3.一时兴起on the spur of the moment.4.九死一生to have a hair-breadth escape5.九牛一毛a drop in the bucket.6.人生如梦Life is but a dream.7.人生自古谁无死Death comes to all men.8.人生百岁古来稀It is seldom that a man lives to be a hundred years old.9.人定胜天Man can conquer nature.10.人不可貌相Appearances are often deceptive./Never judge a book by its cover. 注：across the board：包括一切地, 全面地on the spur of the moment：一时冲动地, 立刻a drop in the bucket：沧海一粟conquer：征服，占领，战胜，得胜。
常用短语：①divide and conquer：分步解决，分治②stoop to conquer：降低自己的身分去...1.平分秋色sb is one equal terms with sb.2.平步青云make a smashing hit in a short time.(beat the top of the ladder; come to the top over night;hit the jackpot)3.平易近人easy to get along with. (be well disposed;have the common touch) 4.未雨绸缪lay up against a rainy day. (prepare for a rainy day)5.功败垂成a slip betwixt cup and the lip6.可歌可泣in a melting mood.7 .本末倒置put the cart before the horse.8.甘拜下风play second fiddle.9.甘之如饴gladly endure hardship注：hit the jackpot：赢得大笔钱(获得最大成功)get along with：与...和睦相处，仍继续使用，应付...，在...方面进展lay up：储备，暂停使用，使卧床不起a melting mood：感伤的心情play second fiddle：居次要职位，做第二把手，充当副手，甘拜下风1.毛骨悚然hair stand on end2.打落水狗to hit a person when he's down3.打铁趁热Strike while the iron is hot.(Make hay while the sun is shining.)4.打抱不平take up the cudgel for sb.5.打草惊蛇wake a sleeping dog/lion/wolf6.犯错是人之常情，宽恕是超凡的To err is human;to forgive divine.7.平白无故without rhyme/reason/provocation8.白费唇舌to waste your breath on him9.生于忧患，死于安乐Adversity spurs vitality,while comfort breeds sloth.10.永垂不朽eternally immortal.注：A. hay：干草，割草晒干短语词组：1）hit the hay：上床睡觉2）make hay of：使混乱B. bully：恃强凌弱，威胁，恐吓短语词组：1）play the bully：欺软怕硬2）come the bully over someone：欺压某人C. err：犯错，做错短语词组：1）err on the right side：选择稳妥的做法2）err on the side of：过分表现，宁可D. without provocation：无缘无故E. vitality：活力，生命力短语词组:economic vitality：经济活跃1.出人头地came to the fore.2.出类拔萃towers above the rest.3.史无前例without precedent（in history).4.令人发指make our hair stand on end.5.令人咋舌took my breath away6.付之一炬commit to the flames.7.生龙活虎alive and kicking8.仗势欺人pull rank on others.9.白手起家started from scratch10.任劳任怨to bear hardship without complaint注：A)tower：高耸，屹立，超过，胜过，塔常用词组：①a tower of strength：中流砥柱，中流砥柱②water tower：自来水塔中文成语英译（21）B) in a class by itself：独一无二(独具一格)C)hair stand on end：毛骨悚然，令人发指D)hardship：艰难，苦难，辛苦常用短语：①hardship subsidy生活困难补贴②economic hardship：经济困难。
中英文神似的30个中文成语翻译
中英文神似的30个中文成语翻译，是巧合还是注定相传，学好的英语的最高境界，就是把歪果仁的思维逻辑操纵于股掌之间，这样才能妥妥甩掉Chinglish，化身英语学神一尊~ 然而，在漫长的人类进化过程中，歪果仁和咱的脑回路讲真向着左西右东的方向愉快地跑远了吗？下面这些短小精悍，寓意深远的英文表达恰好说明，老外和咱想到一块儿去啦~1、Fight tooth and nail.【讲解】牙齿和指甲一起拼【汉语】全力以赴2、A land of milk and honey.【讲解】遍地牛奶蜜糖的土地【汉语】鱼米之乡3、Kill two birds with one stone.【讲解】用一个石头杀死了两只小鸟【汉语】一石二鸟、一箭双雕、事半功倍4、Rob Peter to pay Paul.【讲解】抢了皮特的钱给保罗【汉语】拆东墙补西墙5、Apples and oranges.【讲解】苹果和橙子【汉语】风马牛不相及6、Narrow escape.【讲解】差点儿逃不掉【汉语】九死一生7、Money talks.【讲解】钱会说话【汉语】有钱能使鬼推磨8、Time is money.【讲解】时间就是金钱【汉语】时间就是金钱、一寸光阴一寸金9、Walls have ears.【讲解】墙有耳朵【汉语】隔墙有耳10、Teach fish how to swim.【讲解】教鱼游泳【汉语】班门弄斧11、Homer sometimes nods.【讲解】荷马尚有打盹之时（圣人也难免出错）。
【汉语】智者千虑，必有一失。
12、A new broom sweeps clean.【讲解】新扫把扫得干净。
【汉语】新官上任三把火13、Put the cart before the horse【讲解】把货车放到马前面。
【汉语】本末倒置14、Take the weight off your feet.【讲解】给你的脚减负【汉语】歇歇脚15、Every cook praises his own broth.【讲解】每个厨师都夸自己做的汤倍儿棒。
汉译英词语翻译--成语翻译--3
-直译法
劳苦功高 to have spent toilsome labour and won distinctive merits 屡教不改 to fail to mend one’s ways after repeated admonition 牢不可破 to be so strongly built as to be indestructible
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Hale Waihona Puke 成语英译方法（p79-81）
直译法 意译法 套译法 加注法 增译法
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直译法
按照字面意义直译可以让译 文读者准确理解其意义、且 不违背译文语言规范、不引 起错误联想的成语，都可以 直译。
2013-7-28
4
-直译法-1
有些汉语成语没 口蜜腹剑 有形象的比喻意 to be honey义，它们的字面 mouthed and 意义也就是它们 dagger-hearted 的实际意义。对 这些成语，我们 当然可以采取字 面翻译。
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意译法-1
然而，汉语成语并非 粗枝大叶 每条都能按字面翻译， to be crude and 有些成语的比喻形象 careless /cf. （ confer ） 是译文读者不能接受 with big branches and 的。这种情况下，我 large leaves 们可以根据成语的实 无孔不入 际意义灵活地翻译。 to take advantage of every weakness/cf. to get into every hole
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Practice-意译法练习
1. 开门见山 1. to come straight to the point cf. to open the door and see the mountain 2. 扬眉吐气 2. to feel proud and elated cf. to raise the eyebrows and 3. 大张旗鼓 let out a breath 3. on a large and spectacular scale 4. 毛遂自荐 4. to volunteer one’s service 5. 倾城倾国 5. to be exceedingly beautiful
汉译英词语翻译成语翻译共21页
汉译英词语翻译成语翻译
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46、寓形宇内复几时，曷不委心任去 留。
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47、采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。
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48、啸傲东轩下，聊复得此生。
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49、勤学如春起之苗，不见其增，日 有所长 。
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50、环堵萧然，不蔽风日；短褐穿结 ，箪瓢 屡空， 晏如也 。
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❖ 知识就是财富 ❖ 丰富你的人生
经常使用成语汉英对照翻译
经常使用成语汉英对照翻译哀兵必胜an army burning with indignation is bound to win哀鸿遍野disaster victims moaning everywhere挨家挨户go from house to house唉声叹息heave deep signs (of grief, worry or anguish)爱不释手be so fond of sth. that one will not let it out of one’s hand 爱莫能助be willing to help but unable to do so爱屋及乌love me, love my dog爱憎分明understand what to love and what to hate碍手碍脚be in the way安邦定国bring peace and stability to the country安步当车stroll over instead of riding in a carriage安居乐业live and work in peace and contentment安如泰山as solid as Mount Tai安之假设素bear with equanimity按兵不动take no action循序渐进keep to conventional ways of doing things按劳分派distribution according to work按图索骥deal with a matter in a mechanical way按需分派distribution according to need暗渡陈仓enter into a secret liaison暗送秋波make eyes at sb.昂首阔步stride proudly ahead八九不离十pretty close八面玲珑be smooth and slick八面威风an aura of awesome might八仙过海各显神通like the Eight Immortals crossing the sea, each one showing his or her special people拔刀相助take up the cudgels against an injustice拔苗助长spoil things by excessive enthusiasm跋山涉水scale mountains and ford streams白璧微瑕a slight defect in a person of integrity白驹过隙the time is fleeting白日做梦build castles in the air赤手起家start from scratch百尺竿头更进一步further improve one’s work百步穿杨shoot with unfailing accuracy百废具兴all that was left undone is now being undertaken百花齐放百家争鸣let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thoughts contend百里挑一one in a hundred; cream of the crop百闻不如一见seeing for oneself is better than hearing from others坚决不移keep on fighting in spite of all setbacks稗官别史books of anecdotes班门弄斧display one’s slight skill before an expert半斤八两two of a kind半老徐娘woman of fading charms半路落发switch to a job one was not trained for宝刀不老he is still at the height of his powers历尽沧桑having had one’s fill of hardships抱残守缺be an anachronism抱佛脚make a hasty last-minute effort抱头痛哭cry on each other’s shoulders暴殄天物a reckless waste of the products of nature大发雷霆fly into a rage爆冷门a dark horse bobbing up背道而驰run counter to背水一战fight to win or die背约弃义break faith with sb.笨鸟先飞the slow need to start early触目皆是such is the case everywhere彼一时此一时times have changed敝帚自珍cherish sth. of little value simply because it is one’s own 避重就轻avoid the important and dwell on the trivial力所不及beyond the reach of one’s power皮开肉绽be beaten black and blue独树一帜create sth. new and original别出心裁try to be different别具一格have a style of one’s own别有效心have an axe to grind宾至如归a home from home兵败如山倒an army in flight is like a landslide秉烛夜游make merry while one may不相上下keep abreast of sb. ; keep pace with sb.拨乱终归restore things to order博闻强记have encyclopaedic knowledge捕风捉影speak or act on hearsay evidence不骄不躁neither overbearing nor servile不出所料as expected不辞而别leave without saying goodbye不打不相识no discord, no concord不打自招give oneself away不到黄河心不死refuse to give up until all rope is gone不贰法门the one and only way不费吹灰之力as easy as falling off a log不分青红皂白make no distinction between right and wrong 毛骨悚然tremble with fear不即不离keep sb. at arm’s length不胫而走spread like wildfire不可名状be beyond description不可同日而语there is no comparison between them声势汹汹不可一世bluster and swagger like a conquering hero 不了了之end up with nothing definite萍水重逢have a chance encounter不入虎穴焉得虎子nothing venture, nothing gain不三不四neither fish nor fowl不速之客gate-crasher不同凡响out of the common run漠不关心be indifferent to sth.八两半斤almost on a par不遗余力do one’s utmost不择手腕by hook or by crook不折不扣out-and-out惊惶失措be at a loss步入后尘follow in sb.’s footsteps枯枝败叶fallen women九牛一毫a drop in the ocean察言观色watch a person’s every mood长吁短叹moan and groan陈词滥调clichés乘风破浪brave the wind and the waves趁人之危take advantage of sb.’s precarious position吃喝玩乐idle away one’s time in pleasure-seeking吃一堑长一智a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit言而无信contradict oneself出类拔萃be out of the common run出其不意catch sb. unawares出人头地stand out among one’s fellows出人意料beyond all expectations初生牛犊不怕虎young people are fearless针锋相对engage in a battle of words唇亡齿寒if one falls, the other is in danger词不达意the words fails to convey the idea此地无银三百两a clumsy denial resulting in self-exposure 从长计议take one’s time in reaching a decision寸步不让not budge an inch打肿脸充胖子puff oneself up to one’s own cost大吹大擂make a big noise大红大紫be very much in the spotlight大惊小怪make a fuss about nothing大器晚成great minds mature slowly大失所望to one’s great disappointment大同小异alike except for slight differences大显身手give full play to one’s abilities大言不惭talk big大有文章there’s more to this than meet the eye单刀直入speak out without beating about the bush殚精竭虑rack one’s brains当机立断make a prompt decision当局者迷旁观者清the onlooker sees most of the game当之无愧be worthy of倒打一耙put the blame on one’s victim道高一尺魔高一丈the more illumination, the more temptation 得不偿失the game is not worth the candle得寸进尺give him an inch and he’ll take a yard颠来倒去over and over对牛抚琴address the wrong audience自食恶果sow the wind and reap the whirlwind恩威并施use the carrot and the stick simultaneously钩心斗角each trying to cheat the other发人深醒stir up one’s soul反败为胜turn the tide返璞归真go back to nature防微杜渐check at the outset自取衰亡seek one’s own doom纷至沓来keep pouring in通宵达旦stay up late and work hard盛行一时be all the rage at the time釜底抽薪take drastic measures to deal with an emergency俯拾即是be found everywhere腹背受敌be attacked front and rear覆水难收what is done can not be undone放下屠刀turn over a new leaf改头换面dish up the same old stuff in a new form干打雷不下雨much noise but no action纲举目张once the key link is grasped, everything falls into place 格格不入like a square peg in a round hole各得其所each has a role to play各有所长each has his own strong points狗急跳墙a cornered beast will do sth. desperate狗拿耗子多管闲事poke one’s nose into other people’s business 孤掌难鸣it’s hard to succeed without support孤注一掷put all one’s eggs in one basket骨瘦如豺a bag of bones故伎重演play the same old trick故作姿态put on airs顾名思义just as its name implies; as the term suggests 拐弯抹角beat about the bush归根结底in the final analysis缠足不前hesitate to move forward过河拆桥kick down the ladder海中捞月look for a needle in a haystack害群之马a black sheep好事多磨the road to happiness is strewn with setbacks 好为人师be given to laying down the law恨入骨髓bear a bitter hatred for sb.横七竖八higgledy-piggledy红光满面in the pink有始无终in like a lion, out like a lamb哗众取宠try to please the public with claptrap化干戈为玉帛bury the hatchet子虚乌有come to naught逢凶化吉head off a disaster画蛇添足ruin the effect by adding sth. superfluous换汤不换药the same old stuff with a different label面目一新look brand-new患得患失be swayed by considerations of loss and gain 浪费无度spend money like water回心转意have a change of heart毁于一旦be destroyed in a moment浑然一体an integral whole混水摸鱼fish in troubled waters失魂落魄have lost one’s mind火中取栗be a cat’s paw货真价实dyed-in-the-wool灾患丛生it never rains but it pours机不可失失再也不来opportunity knocks but once聚沙成塔many a little makes a mickle积重难返ingrained habits are hard to change以其人之道还治其人之身pay a person back in his own coin群策群力pool the wisdom of the masses几回三番time and again己所不欲勿施于人do not unto others as you would not have them do unto you计日程功have the completion of a project in sight既往不咎not censure sb. for his past misdeeds家家有本难念的经every family has its own hard nut to crack众所周知widely known戛但是止come to an abrupt end简而言之to put it in a nutshell见仁见智different people, different views箭在弦上不能不发one has reached the point of no return 一落千丈be on the decline将计就计beat sb. at his own game将心比心put oneself in sb.’s shoes姜仍是老的辣veterans are abler than recruits绞尽脑汁rack one’s brains脚踏两只船sit on the fence过犹不及over-correct街谈巷议street gossip结党营私band together for selfish purposes捷足先登the early bird catches the worm涸泽而渔kill the goose that lays the golden eggs金口玉言utterances that carry great weight金玉其外败絮其中fair without, foul within井水不犯河水I’ll mind my own business, you mind yours 敬而远之stay at a respectful distance from sb.九牛一毫a drop in the ocean九死一生survival after many hazards就事论事deal with a matter on its merits具体而据理力争argue strongly on just grounds全神贯注concentrate one’s attention东山再起stage a comeback开诚相见be frank and open见风使舵trim one’s sails慷慨就义die a martyr’s death孔孟之道the doctrine of Confucius and Mencius口蜜腹剑honey on one’s lips and murder in one’s heart哭丧着脸go around with a long face苦不堪言the misery or hardship is beyond words快刀斩乱麻cut the Gordian knot马不停蹄whip and spur脍炙人口enjoy great popularity喟然长叹heave a deep sigh困兽犹斗beasts at bay will fight back老奸巨猾an old hand at trickery and deception老马识途an old hand is a good guide乐极生悲extreme joy begets sorrow雷声大雨点小much talk, little action累死累活work oneself to death冷假设冰霜have an icy manner隔岸观火look on with a cold eye礼轻情义重it’s nothing much, but it’s the thought that counts理所固然as a matter of course力挽狂澜make vigorous efforts to turn the tide力争上游strive for first place利欲熏心be blinded by greed量入为出cut one’s coat according to one’s cloth了如指掌have sth. at one’s fingertips临渴掘井make an eleventh-hour attempt临渊羡鱼one should take practical steps to achieve one’s aims 琳琅满目a feast for the eyes令人发指make one bristle with anger溜须拍马lick sb.’s boots溜之大吉make oneself scarce露马脚let the cat out of the bag碌碌无为lead a vain and humdrum life戮力同心make concerted efforts每况愈下go from bad to worse美中不足a blemish in a thing of beauty蒙在鼓里be kept in the dark明媒正娶be legally and formally married冥思苦想rack one’s brains墨守成规stay in a rut漠不关切indifferent; unconcerned囊中羞涩be short of money恼羞成怒fly into a rage from shame能者多劳the abler one is, the more one should do呕心沥血work one’s heart out拍马屁lick sb’s boots攀龙附凤put oneself under the patronage of a bigwig旁征博引be well documented赔了夫人又折兵instead of making a gain, suffer a double loss疲于奔命be kept constantly on the run一步登天have a meteoric rise平起平坐be on an equal footing破釜沉舟burn one’s boats起死回生snatch a patient from the jaws of death牵肠挂肚be on tenterhooks前事不忘后事之师lessons learned from the past can guide one in the future后发先至而胜于蓝the pupil surpasses the master晴天霹雳a bolt from the blue穷途末路have come to a dead end趋炎附势curry favour with the powerful曲高和寡too highbrow to be popular全心全意heart and soul热锅上的蚂蚁a cat on a hot tin roof热火朝天in full swing谋事在人man will triumph over nature仁者见仁智者见智different people have different views如坐针毡be on pins and needles乳臭未干be wet behind the ears入不敷出unable to make ends meet入乡随俗when in Rome do as the Romans do三寸不烂之舌a silver tongue三句话不离本行can hardly open one’s mouth without talking shop 三思而行look before you leap三心二意shilly-shally丧家之犬a stray cur搔首弄姿posture and preen oneself杀鸡取卵kill the goose that lays the golden eggs山穷水尽at the end of one’s rope煽风点火stir up trouble少壮不尽力老大徒伤悲laziness in youth spells regret in old age 本末倒置attend to trifles and neglect essentials舍生取义lay down one’s life for a just cause神气十足putting on grand airs生米煮成熟饭what’s done can’t be undone盛极一时be all the rage识时务者为俊杰a wise man submits to circumstances时不待我time and tide wait for no man势如破竹like a hot knife cutting through butter事实胜于雄辩facts speak louder than words视死如归look death calmly in the face数一数二be second to none熟视无睹turn a blind eye to鼠目寸光see only what is under one’s nose水滴石穿little strokes fell great oaks水泄不通be watertight说曹操曹操到speak of the devil and he will appear说到做到match one’s deeds to one’s words说一不贰stand by one’s word说时迟那时快in the twinkling of an eye虎口余生escape by the skin of one’s teeth；have a narrow escape 死心踏地be hellbent四脚朝天fall on one’s back搜肠刮肚rack one’s brain追本溯源trace back to the source随声附和chime in with others所向无敌sweep away all obstacles贪生怕死care for nothing but saving one’s skin贪小失大seek small gains but incur big losses探囊取物as easy as falling off a log溜之大吉show a clean pair of heels特立独行independent in mind and action提心吊胆have one’s heart in one’s mouth天方夜谭a cock-and-bull story条分缕析make a careful and detailed analysis听而不闻turn a deaf ear to铤而走险make a reckless move同归于尽end up in common ruin同呼吸共命运throw in one’s lot with sb.捅马蜂窝bring a hornet’s nest about one’s ears偷鸡不成蚀把米go for wool and come back shorn头面人物a big shot突飞猛进advance with seven-league strides徒费唇舌waste one’s breath推波助澜add fuel to the flames唾手可得extremely easy to obtain万变不离其宗change time and again, yet stay much the same 玩世不恭thumb one’s nose at the world万金油Jack of all trades and master of none望梅止渴feed on fancies文过饰非gloss over wrongs文如其人the style is the man稳住阵脚hold one’s ground我行我素stick to one’s old way of doing things无风不起浪there’s no smoke without fire无毒不丈夫all great men are ruthless无地自容look for a hole to crawl into无所事事idle away one’s time无米之炊make bricks without straw无隙可乘no chink in one’s armour五十步笑百步the pot calls the kettle black物以类聚人以群分birds of a feather flock together洗心革面turn over a new leaf适应成自然habit becomes second nature先声夺人overawe people by displaying one’s strength 相形见绌be outshone相提并论place on a par想入非非daydream销声匿迹disappear from the scene逍遥法外be at large笑掉大牙laugh one’s head off心有余而力不足the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak 心绪不宁in a flutter休戚与共share the same fate雄心壮志lofty aspirations and high ideals秀色可餐beauty to feast one’s eyes on虚张声势bluff and bluster虚怀假设谷be open-minded鹊巢鸠占a noisy guest steals the host’s thunder雪泥鸿爪traces of bygone days学无止境there’s no limit to knowledge言为心声what the heart thinks the tongue speaks言而无信go back on one’s word口是心非speak with one’s tongue in one’s cheek揠苗助长spoil things by excessive enthusiasm自欺欺人bury one’s head in the sand眼中钉肉中刺a thorn in one’s flesh扬眉吐气feel proud and elated养尊处优live in clover夜以继日round the clock一不做二不休in for a penny, in for a pound一触即发be on the verge of breaking out一分钱一分货what price, what goods一个萝卜一个坑each has his own task, and nobody is despensable 一鼓作气get sth. done in one sustained effort一哄而散break up in a hubbub一回生二回熟difficult the first time, easy the second一见如故hit it off well right from the start一见钟情fall in love at first sight一刻千金time is gold一箭双雕kill two birds with one stone一模一样as like as two peas一举成名set the world on fire一丘之貉birds of a feather一失足成千古恨a single slip may cause lasting sorrow一手交钱一手交货cash on delivery一往情深be head over heels in love一网打尽round up the whole gang at one fell swoop一厢甘心one’s own wishful thinking一物降一物everything has its superior一无所有not have a thing to one’s name一声不响keep one’s mouth shut一言难尽it’s a long story一衣带水a narrow strip of water一跃而起jump to one’s feet一针见血hit the nail on the head衣不蔽体have nothing but rags on one’s back以权谋私abuse power for personal gain以其人之道还治其人之身pay sb. back in his own coin以德埋怨repay evil with good疑神疑鬼be even afraid of one’s own shadow因材施教suit the instruction to the student’s level因小失大penny wise and pound foolish引以为荣take it as an honor应运而生emerge as the times demand优胜劣汰select the superior and eliminate the inferior有碍观瞻be an eyesore有福共享有难同当share weal and woe有机可乘there’s a loophole that can be used有其父必有其子like father, like son有眼不识泰山entertain an angel unawares有志者事竟成where there’s a will there’s a way与时俱进keep pace with the times与世无争hold oneself aloof from the world不同凡响different from the common run欲壑难填avarice knows no bounds欲擒故纵allow sb. more latitude first to keep a tighter rein on himafterwards欲速那么不达more haste, less speed远走高飞flee to faraway places怨天尤人blame everyone and everything but oneself跃跃欲试itch to have a go越俎代庖take sb. else’sjob into one’s own hands砸锅卖铁give away all one has再接再厉continue to exert oneself义不容辞be duty-bound债台高筑be up to one’s ears in debt沾亲带故have ties of kinship or friendship张口结舌be at a loss for words张三李四any Tom, Dick or Harry狐假虎威abuse one’s power and bully people照本宣科repeat what the book says这山望着那山高always think the grass is greener on the other side of the hill真知灼见penetrating judgement正中下怀fit in exactly with one’s wishes只争旦夕seize the day, seize the hour为期不远be just round the corner趾高气昂be swollen with arrogance智穷才尽at one’s wits’ end智者千虑必有一失even the wise are not free from error装模作样put on an act自卖自夸blow one’s own trumpet自食其力earn one’s own living自讨没趣court a rebuff自投罗网bite the hook自作自受stew in one’s own juice罪有应得the punishment fits the crime左右为难in a dilemma坐吃山空sit idle and eat, and in time your whole fortune will be used up 坐收渔人之利reap the spoils of victory without lifting a finger坐享其成reap where one has not sown坐以待毙await one’s doom作壁上观be an onlooker作茧自缚get enmeshed in a web of one’s own spinning作威作福act like a tyrant。
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-直译法
➢劳苦功高 ➢ to have spent toilsome labour and won
distinctive merits ➢屡教不改 ➢ to fail to mend one’s ways after repeated
admonition ➢牢不可破 ➢to be so strongly built as to be indestructible
paper
and
bewitched gold
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意译法
➢单枪匹马
➢海阔天空
➢ to be singlehanded in doing sth.
➢ (to
talk
)
at
cf. with a solitary random
spear and a single horse
➢风雨飘摇
➢ (of a situation)
词语翻译之 成语与翻译
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1
汉语成语英译
➢ 汉语成语的特点为：言简意赅、生动形
象、比一般的词语有更强的表现力、历 来为人们所喜欢用的一种精粹的语言材 料。以四字格为主体的汉语成语不少于 一万条，在政治、文艺，科技等文体中 起着积极重要的作用。所以，在汉译英 中，汉语成语的处理自然是一个不可忽 视的问题。
to keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle
4.
井底之蛙 4.
to be like a frog at the bottom of a well
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意译法-1
➢ 然而，汉语成语并非 ➢ 粗枝大叶
每条都能按字面翻译，➢ to be crude and
2020/5/3
15
意译类
➢缁铢必较
➢初出茅庐
➢to haggle over ➢at the beginning
every penny
of one’s careers
➢罄竹难书
➢悬梁刺股
➢ (y
numerous to hard-working in
有些成语的比喻形象 careless /cf. （ confer ）
是译文读者不能接受 with big branches and
的。这种情况下，我 large leaves
们可以根据成语的实 际意义灵活地翻译。
➢ 无孔不入
➢ to take advantage of
every weakness/cf. to
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6
汉语成语英译-直译法-2
➢ 有些成语按字面意思 ➢ 打草惊蛇
直译成英语，其比喻 效果同原文一样生动， 译文使读者很快就能 联想到英文中的对等
➢ ➢
to stir up the grass alert the snake
易如反掌
and
成语。
➢ to be as easy as
➢ 竭泽而渔
➢ to drain a pond to catch all the fish
turning over one’s hand ➢ 玩火自焚
➢ to get burnt by the
fire kindled by oneself
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7
汉语成语英译
➢挥金如土 ➢ to spend money
like dirt ➢掌上明珠 ➢ a pearl in the palm ➢对牛弹琴
➢ to play the lute to a cow
➢雪中送炭
➢ to send charcoal in a snowy weather
➢画蛇添足
➢ to draw a snake and add feet to it
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汉语成语英译-直译法3
➢不少汉语成语不一 ➢刻骨铭心
定有非常对等的英 语成语，但他们的 字面翻译也能使译
➢ to on
be engraved one’s heart
文读者得到正确无 and bones
误的形象意义。如：➢调虎离山
➢声东击西
➢to lure a tiger
➢ to shout in the east from
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14
意译类
➢叶公好龙
➢ professed love of what one really fears
➢东施效颦
➢crude imitation with ludicrous effect
➢南柯一梦
➢ a fond dream or illusory joy
➢四面楚歌
➢ to be besieged on all sides
get into every hole
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意译法
➢灯红酒绿
➢纸醉金迷
➢ dissipated and ➢(a life of)
luxurious cf. luxury and
with red lights dissipation cf.
and green wine with drunken
being unstable
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意译法-2
➢有一部分汉语成 语带有一定的中 国文化背景，有 的成语在字面上 就含有中国古代 的人名、地名， 有的出自寓言或 历史的典故。
对这一部分成语，字
面翻译是无法为外国 读者所接受的。如加 上解释性文字，就失 去了成语精粹的特点 。我们最好的办法就 是绕开其文化背景， 译出其真正的内涵意 义。
the
and strike in the mountain
west
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Practice-直译法练习
1. 攻其不备 1. to strike sb when he is unprepared
2. 史无前例 2. to be without precedent in history
3.
守口如瓶 3.
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成语英译方法（p79-81）
➢直译法 ➢意译法 ➢套译法 ➢加注法 ➢增译法
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直译法
➢按照字面意义直译可以让译 文读者准确理解其意义、且 不违背译文语言规范、不引 起错误联想的成语，都可以 直译。
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-直译法-1
➢有些汉语成语没 ➢口蜜腹剑 有形象的比喻意 ➢ to be honey义，它们的字面 mouthed and 意义也就是它们 dagger-hearted 的实际意义。对 这些成语，我们 当然可以采取字 面翻译。