体外循环(PPT)
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Heart Anatomy
✓ The heart weighs between 200 to 425 grams and is a little larger than the size of your fist. By the end of a long life, a person's heart may have beat (expanded and contracted) more than 3.5 billion times. In fact, each day, the average heart beats 100,000 times, pumping about 7,500 liters of blood
型）先天性心脏病的病理，手术治疗的原则及指征 ❖ 掌握缩窄性心包炎的定义，了解其临床表现及手术治
疗原则 ❖ 掌握风湿性心脏病的病理生理，手术指征，手术治疗
的方法 ❖ 了解冠心病的病理生理，手术指征，手术治疗的方法
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overview
The impact of cardiovascular diseases on the human population is enormous. In our country, cardiovascular diseases affects over 80 million people and accounts for over 40%of all deaths. Approximately 100 billion yuan will be spent on the care of these patients every year.
Contents
❖ Extracorporeal circulation(体 外循环)
❖ Surgical treatment of heart disease(心脏病外科治疗)
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教学大纲要求
❖ 了解心脏外科临床进展情况 ❖ 掌握体外循环的概念，了解体外循环的方法 ❖ 掌握先天性心脏病人左向右分流及左向右分流（发绀
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Heart Anatomy
❖ The heart chambers(心脏的腔室)
The heart has 4 chambers. The upper chambers are called the left and right atria, and the lower chambers are called the left and right ventricles. A wall of muscle called the septum separates the left and right atria and the left and right ventricles . The left ventricle is the largest and strongest chamber in the heart. The left ventricle's chamber walls are only about a half-inch thick, but they have enough force to push blood through the aortic valve and into body.
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Heart Anatomy
❖ Blood supply of heart(心
脏的血液供应) The left and right coronary
arteries arise from the sinuses of Valsalva as the first branches of the aorta. Coronary blood flow delivers oxygen and metabolic substrates to the myocardium and simultaneously removes carbon dioxide and metabolic by- products via transcapillary exchange.
The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries, which carry blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
The mitral valve lets oxygen-rich blood from the lungs pass from the left atrium into the left ventricle.
The aortic valve opens the way for oxygen-rich blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta, the body's largest artery, where it is delivered to the rest of the body.
✓ The heart is located between lungs in the middle of chest, behind and slightly to the left of the sternum. A double-layered membrane called the pericardium surrounds the heart like a sac.
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Heart Anatomy
❖ The Heart Valves (心脏的瓣膜)
Four types of valves regulate blood flow through the heart:
The tricuspid valve regulates blooห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ flow between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Heart Anatomy
✓ The heart weighs between 200 to 425 grams and is a little larger than the size of your fist. By the end of a long life, a person's heart may have beat (expanded and contracted) more than 3.5 billion times. In fact, each day, the average heart beats 100,000 times, pumping about 7,500 liters of blood
型）先天性心脏病的病理，手术治疗的原则及指征 ❖ 掌握缩窄性心包炎的定义，了解其临床表现及手术治
疗原则 ❖ 掌握风湿性心脏病的病理生理，手术指征，手术治疗
的方法 ❖ 了解冠心病的病理生理，手术指征，手术治疗的方法
Company Logo
overview
The impact of cardiovascular diseases on the human population is enormous. In our country, cardiovascular diseases affects over 80 million people and accounts for over 40%of all deaths. Approximately 100 billion yuan will be spent on the care of these patients every year.
Contents
❖ Extracorporeal circulation(体 外循环)
❖ Surgical treatment of heart disease(心脏病外科治疗)
Company Logo
教学大纲要求
❖ 了解心脏外科临床进展情况 ❖ 掌握体外循环的概念，了解体外循环的方法 ❖ 掌握先天性心脏病人左向右分流及左向右分流（发绀
Company Logo
Heart Anatomy
❖ The heart chambers(心脏的腔室)
The heart has 4 chambers. The upper chambers are called the left and right atria, and the lower chambers are called the left and right ventricles. A wall of muscle called the septum separates the left and right atria and the left and right ventricles . The left ventricle is the largest and strongest chamber in the heart. The left ventricle's chamber walls are only about a half-inch thick, but they have enough force to push blood through the aortic valve and into body.
Company Logo
Heart Anatomy
❖ Blood supply of heart(心
脏的血液供应) The left and right coronary
arteries arise from the sinuses of Valsalva as the first branches of the aorta. Coronary blood flow delivers oxygen and metabolic substrates to the myocardium and simultaneously removes carbon dioxide and metabolic by- products via transcapillary exchange.
The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries, which carry blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
The mitral valve lets oxygen-rich blood from the lungs pass from the left atrium into the left ventricle.
The aortic valve opens the way for oxygen-rich blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta, the body's largest artery, where it is delivered to the rest of the body.
✓ The heart is located between lungs in the middle of chest, behind and slightly to the left of the sternum. A double-layered membrane called the pericardium surrounds the heart like a sac.
Company Logo
Heart Anatomy
❖ The Heart Valves (心脏的瓣膜)
Four types of valves regulate blood flow through the heart:
The tricuspid valve regulates blooห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ flow between the right atrium and right ventricle.