考博英语翻译笔记
武汉大学考博英语翻译技巧
单词分译
将原文中的一个 单词分译成一个
句子
短语分译
将原文中一个短 语分译成一个句
子
句子分译
简单句的切分灵活 处理
复合句在从句连接 处切分
2.分译法
People everywhere brag and whimper about the woes of their early years, but nothing can compare with the Irish version: the poverty; the shiftless loquacious father; the pious defeated mother moaning by the fire; pompous priests, bullying schoolmasters; the English and all the terrible thing they did to us for 800 long years. (whi无mp论er身:在啜何泣地；的l人oq们u总ac喜io欢u抽s:泣喋着喋夸不谈休他们的早) 年受过的苦难，但是没
1. 长句处理，拆分重组
① Either party could terminate the contract （双方 中）任何一方可以终止合同
② if the other party fails to fulfill or perform any of the
博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇 (1)
百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！分类词汇homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous(＜＞ heterogeneous)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual mainstream 主流主流的dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别，歧视 racial/***ual discrimination? discriminate (+against)hierarchy 等级制度 heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质 (? insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者 (＜＞traitor)à patriotic, patriotismnotoriety 恶名 (? notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalancepeer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subordinate 下级下级的＜＞ superiortactics 战术，技巧 v.s. strategy (战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance a subtle difference in meaningcompatriot 同胞同胞的 com + patriotvernacular 本地的，本国的本地话，本国话 the vernacular languages of IndiaHispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”permeate 渗透，弥漫 Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家(~ enterprise)à entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者，从业者 praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)benchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的，守时的(à punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间 flex(flexible) + timeharass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had ***ually harassed her. redundancy 冗余，冗员 network redundancydownsize 裁员 (~ lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 (＜＞ partial)lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)dubbing 配音录制1百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！vogue 时尚 ^ chicbizarre 奇异的 v.s. weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carteshortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的 (＜＞ qualitative)contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致 incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的，符合伦理的 ~ ethics, ＜＞ unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示，证明 (? manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题 (sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇总裁助理 assistant president综合治理 comprehensive treatment安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents信息化 information-based; informationization智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 reposition of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts素质教育 education for all-round development豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安情况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation 台独"independence 台湾当局 Taiwan 台湾同胞 Taiwan stateof Taiwan" authorities compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
考博英语翻译笔记
考博英语翻译笔记倒装和分割结构为了强调句子的某些部分，或是为了保持句子平衡，英语中常常使用倒装。
大体说来，倒装可以分为主谓倒装和非主谓倒装。
主谓倒装里又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
在翻译的时候，既可以按照主谓语的顺序翻译，也可以按照字面意思翻译。
非主谓倒装只是将强调部分前置，以保持句子平衡或是起强调作用。
翻译时可以采用顺序译法或是倒序译法。
1. For example, they do not compensate for social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.分析：本句中had he grown up under more favorable circumstances 属于部分倒装。
正常语序为：if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 。
在正式文体中，可以将虚拟条件句中的if 省略，并将助动词提前。
译文：例如，它们（指测试）并不弥补社会的不公，因此不能说明一个贫困青年，要是在比较有利的境况下长大，会有多大才干。
2. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom”generation reached its child-bearing years.分析：该句中so did bigger crops of babies 属于语法倒装。
用so 来代替前述肯定句谓语部分所说情况。
译文：不间断的移民浪潮也起了作用——而且随着昔日在“生育高峰期”出生的一代人达到生育年龄，婴儿的出生数量增加了，这同样起了作用。
考博英语翻译笔记整理版(唐静主讲)综述
2010考研翻译笔记（主讲：唐静）一、考研翻译的三大基本问题（一）考研翻译的解题“奥秘”做真题，而不是看翻译做翻译＝写汉字（二）考研翻译的题型、命题原则和考试内容1、题型①大的方面：主观题——汉字书写工整②小的方面：阅读题没有必要通读全文有些情况下，需要阅读划线句子的上下文划线句子有代词，需要读上下文2、命题原则①体裁偏向学术文献，比较抽象②题材偏向文科领域（1998年理科的）③划线的句子长30个字左右，为长难句3、考试内容=考点1）考察专有名词、词组和多义词的解释（1）专有名词人名、地名、国家名称、术语、组织机构名称（2）专业术语Big Bang大爆炸理论inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论（3）学科术语anthropoloist人类学家anthropological人类学的inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论SARS非典（4）词组as……as by means ofhome appliances家用电器die out灭绝（5）多义词：school 学派before以前serve起作用life 生命、生活（6）熟词生义set （成套）设备；集、集合offend 冒犯；排污超标；污染超标particle 粒子（7）生词：超纲词2）考察一般性翻译技巧，包括词序调整、词义选择A、词序调整：即改变英语单词在汉语译文中的先后顺序46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed—and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.在联系不同民族和国家方面，电视也许以前没有像在最近欧洲事件中起如此重大的作用。
清华大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句
清华大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句1.When I fetched the sketch on the stretcher I found the secretary's secret.当我拿来担架上的素描时我发现了秘书的秘密.2.The mutual spirits inspired us to reach the annual aim.相互的精神鼓舞了我们达到年度目标.3.The roaring oar hit the coarse keyboard on the cupboard aboard the boat.轰鸣的桨击中了船上碗柜上的粗糙键盘.4.My intimate mate's ultimate estimate approximates the appropriate value.我亲密伙伴的最终估计接近恰当的值.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
5.In case of necessity,necessary session can be held on the vessel.必要时,必需的开庭可在船舶上进行.6.By the navigation of microwave,the navy paved a pavement on the wavy sea.借助微波导航，海军在多浪的大海上铺了一条路。
7.The minority of us are confronted with difficulty in the frontier of the major.我们少数人在该专业尖端领域面临困难.8.From the context of the text,I find the next pretext forselling the textile.我从课文的前后关系中找到卖纺织品的下一个借口.9.The systematic items stem from the walker's talk about the chalk.这些系统的条款来源于步行者关于粉笔的谈话.10.Theoretically,their heir's theory of meteorology can explain the meteor.从理论上讲，他们的继承人的气象理论能解释这种大气现象。
中央音乐学院考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
中央音乐学院考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.The attendants attend the meeting and pretend to be attentive.侍从们出席会议并装出专注的样子。
02.The tenderer surrendered her tremendously slender tender fingers.投标者交出了她异常纤细娇嫩的手指.03.The tension tends to extend to a more extensive extent.紧张倾向于向更广泛的程度扩展。
04.I spend money on expensive things endlessly;so the expenditure trends up.我无休止地花钱买昂贵的东西,所以开支趋向上升。
05.I send him the blend calendar and the splendid bent lens he lent to me.我把他借给我的混合日历和绝妙的弯曲透镜送给他.06.The goodness of the wooden goods gives me good mood.木制商品的精华给我一个好心情.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
07.The teenagers in the canteen are keen to see the queen sitting between the green screens in the greenhouse.食堂里的少年们巴望见到坐在温室里的绿色屏风间的女王。
08.From the tiny tin pin,the spinner pinched off an inch.纺纱工从小锡别针上掐掉一英寸。
09.In my opinion,only the onion can grow in the iron environment.据我看,只有洋葱能在铁质环境中生长。
考博英语(翻译和写作常用短语)
一、政治类：把…捐给慈善机构 donate …to charities把…看成社会公敌 look upon … as a threat to society把…列为基本国策 list…..as fundamental national policies把…作为指导 take… as the guide把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice …把握大局 grasp the overall situation摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement 采取各种措施 adopt various measures参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength打破僵局 break the deadlock打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion锻造一支人民军队 forge a people’s army对…具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner给…带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to根除 (防止,消除)*** root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption观察当今世界 observe the present-day world缓和紧张状况 ease the tension回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in publicopinion坚持改革开放政策 adhere to the reform and open policy坚持统一，反对分裂，增加 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase 了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences减轻农民负担 alleviate farmer’s burden解放思想 emancipate our minds解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing解决新问题 resolve new problems进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world进入新时期 enter a new period进行和谈 hold peace talks进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment就…接受妥协 accept a compromise on开发西部 remake the west开始生效go into effect (enter into force)开拓前进open up new ways forward科教兴国rejuvenate our country through science and education理顺关系rationalize the relationship履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations迈出重要的一步make an important step热爱和平love peace深化改革deepen the reform审时度势size up the situation实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity实现民族独立realize national independence实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes实现小康目标achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life 实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实行新政策practice new policies受到全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide缩小差别bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业implement the revitalization of our nation维护世界和平maintain world peace吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations下放权力给delegate the management of ... (to ...)响应号召respond to the call修改法律amend the laws宣布…召开announce the opening of徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends依法治国govern the country according to law引起全国的关注arouse the concern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another在…中起(至关)重要作用play a major (crucial, an important ) role in增强凝聚力enhance the rally power增强综合国力和国际竞争enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程look into the great journey展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties振兴西部revive the west振兴中华民族rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation政企不分mix up the functions of the government and enterprises政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management政务公开make government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action抓住机遇seize the opportunity转变政府职能transform (shift) the government functions追求进步pursue progress追求真理seek the truth走进新时代march (stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties遵循规则follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保持国有股keep the State-held shares保证下岗职工的基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes采取不同的办法adopt various methods采取反垄断措施take anti-monopoly measures承担风险bear (take) risk筹集足够的资金raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)刺激国内经济需求spur domestic demand刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy从国外引进先进技术和管理introduce from abroad the advanced technology and经验management expertise促进地区间的合作promote regional cooperation促进改革promote reform促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy打黑crack down on speculation and profiteering打假take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods)打破垄断break the monopoly对…提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against…对…造成(构成)威胁form (pose) a threat to…夺回失去的市场take back lost market发挥自身优势give full play to one’s advantages防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks改善投资环境improve the environment for investment赶超先进surpass the advanced给…带来积极影响bring a more pos itive impact on…根据市场作出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation公证财产notarize the properties和…达成(签订)协议reach (sign) an agreement with和…进一步合作further cooperation with和…有合作关系have cooperative ties with活跃市场enliven the market集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development。
首都经济贸易大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
首都经济贸易大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.The tall man installed a small wallet on the wall.高个男子把一小钱包安放到墙上.02.Except dishonest ones,anyone who is honest can get honey, everyone thinks so.除了不诚实的人外,任何诚实的人都能得到蜂蜜,人人都这么想。
03.The exhausted man and the trustful guy thrust a knife into the rusty crust.精疲力竭的男子和深信不疑的家伙将一把刀子刺向生锈的外壳。
04.I finally find that the financial findings are binding.我终于发现财经调查结果具有约束力。
05.At the windy window,the widow finds a blind snake winding.在当风的窗口,寡妇发现有条瞎眼蛇在游动。
06.I refuse to accuse Fuse of diffusing confusion.我拒绝控告导火索散播混乱。
需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
07.He had an amusing excuse for executing the executive.对于处决决策人,他有一个可笑的理由.08.At the dawn on the lawn the yawning drowned man began to frown.拂晓时在草坪上，打呵欠的溺水者开始皱眉头.09.Mr Brown owns the brown towels in the downtown tower.布朗先生拥有闹市区塔里的棕色毛巾。
中国矿业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
中国矿业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.The tenant is discontented with the content of the agreement for renting the tennis tent.租客对承租网球帐篷协议的内容不满。
02.The current occurrence of torrent spurs him to buy fur and sulfur.最近的洪流事件刺激他去买皮毛和硫磺。
03.I'm confident that the dentist will deny the confidential accidental incident.我确信这个牙医将会否认这个秘密的意外事件。
04.The student identified the identical idiom on the identity cards.学生鉴别身份证上完全相同的的成语。
需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
05.The stupid student rapidly studied the accident in the studio.愚蠢(乏味、麻木)的学生在工作室内快速学习这个意外事件。
06.Considering considerable spiders outside,I stay in the president's residence.鉴于外面有太多的蜘蛛，我留在校长的住处。
07.Besides this side,I considered both the inside and outside.除了这一侧面，内外两面我都考虑了。
08.It's evident that the evil devil inevitably goes to ruin.很明显，邪恶的魔鬼必定走向灭亡。
北京林业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
北京林业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.He repeatedly repeats,"Eat meat."他再三重复说:"吃肉."02.Having canceled X-ray scan,the cancerous candidate on the canvas ate the idle candles in the candy can.取消X线扫描后，帆布上的癌症候选人吃了糖果罐里的闲置蜡烛。
03.The dominant candidate is nominally nominated for president.占优势的候选人名义上被任命为总统.04.The extravagant savage made the interior and exterior criteria of deterioration.奢侈的野蛮人制定了腐败的内外标准.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
05.No,nobody's body is noble,nor is his.不,没有任何人的躯体是高贵的,他的也不是.06.Axe the tax on taxis.Wax may relax the body.削减出租车的税费。
蜂蜡可以使身体放松.02.The man in mask asked me for a task;I let him put the basket on the desk in the dusk.戴面具的人向我要任务,我让他在黄昏时把篮子放到桌子上.03.The lump jumped off the pump and bumped on the trumpet in the dump.傻大个跳下水泵撞到垃圾堆里的喇叭上。
东北师范大学考博英语必备翻译知识点汇总
东北师范大学考博英语必备翻译知识点汇总2015年考博还有一段时间，同学们都在紧张的备考，育明考博为苦背单词的同学整理了以下句子，希望有助于同学们备考需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
1.The extinct exotic bird’s feather contains zinc。
那种已绝迹的珍奇的鸟的羽毛中含锌。
2.The smuggler shrugged to the bugler hugging the bug in the tugboat。
走私者对在拖船中拥抱臭虫的号手耸耸肩。
3.The vocation advocate found the word"vocal"and"reciprocal" not in the vocabulary。
职业倡导者发现“嗓音的”和“交互的”两词不在词汇表中。
4.Without my aid I’m afraid the maiden would have been raided。
没有我的帮助我怕少女已遭到袭击。
5.The slim Muslim reached his climax when he found the axis of the galaxy。
苗条的穆斯林在发现银河的轴线时达到了(人生的)顶点。
6.Bonus is a stimulus for me to study the silicon in the bacon。
奖金是我研究薰肉中硅原子的动力。
7.The categories of the lubricated duplicators are intricate。
那些润滑过的复印机的种类错综复杂。
8.The wagging wasp grasps the crisp clasp for a gasp。
考博--汉译英 学习资料汇总
第一讲汉译英的特点和步骤一、汉译英的特点和基本程序1汉译英都是短文翻译，而作为基础则需要从句子开始.2汉译英题目的测试点：在于测试考生对英语常用词汇、习惯用法和句子结构的掌握情况。
同时还要测试考生将汉语短文转换为英语时对上下文的理解。
表达原文的连贯性、完整性、以及行文流畅的能力。
3汉译英基本程序——单句翻译过程3.1阅读通读并透彻理解原文汉语句子，分析原文汉语句子的风格、逻辑和句型。
a)风格：正式还是非正式b)逻辑：短语和短语之间的逻辑关系c)句型：分析汉语句型，因为汉语句型和英语句型有着特定的对应关系。
例子：现在必须采取措施来保护环境（表目的）分析：找主语－>无主语，也就是无主句无主语：对应英文三种句型：形式主语、there be句型、被动句型。
例句：必须采取措施保护环境。
1.形式主语: It is necessary..., It is essential...It is necessary to take measures to protect the environment.（不定式表目的）.“必须”：essential, imperative。
能用高级词汇就用高级词汇。
It is imperative to…adopt measures 采取措施adopt: 有两个意思，采取采纳；收养；It is imperative to adopt measures to protect the environment.2.there be 句型There is necessity to adopt measures to protect the environment.3.被动句型(找被动句型的主语－：措施)Measures should be adopted (taken) to protect the environment.4.特殊句型：是到做某事的时候了It is time to do sth.... 是到做某事的时候了It is high time to adopt measures to protect the environment.（更加地道）使用从句，从句使用虚拟语气，动词用一般过去时It is high time that measures were adopted to protect the environment.3.2确定句型、结构1)确定基准时态，能够避免犯大的语法错误比如：记叙文――一般过去时，以及他的变化议论文、说明文――一般现在时2)确定主语、确定句型、结构、定修饰语(定、状、补)位置在理解基础上变换原文汉语句子的说法和词序的过程，即汉英两种语言表达方式的转换过程.3)译文句子的组织、表达3.3审校这是不可缺少的一个重要环节，一定要对照原文，首先检查译文是否正确的转述了原文的内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如：时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等，发现错误，及时改正。
考博英语英汉互译20篇
官方总站:
考博英语致胜功略 英汉互译 20 篇
Translation Passages 语篇翻译 英译汉
English-Chinese Translation 一．博士生英语入学考试英译汉部分试题说明和考核要求 博士生英语入学考试英译汉部分一般是段落翻译、篇章翻译，或给出一篇包含若干下划 线句子的文章，要求根据全文意思将下划线句子翻译出来。博士生英译汉要求是“能借助词 典，将难度较大、结构复杂的文章翻译成汉语，理解正确，译文达意。速度为每小时 350 个左右英文单词。”目前国家对博士生英语入学考试未作统一规定，由各招生学校或单位自
Passage 3 It would be more regretful to idle your life out than you die young or die old. It is quite possible that a person who die at his eighteenth would live more fruitfully than a person who die at eighty. We do believe that it would be better for him to pass each passing day worthfully than to accumulate lots of valuable experience regardless of the consequences. That is to say, he should try to pass each day of his life as if it would be the only day in his life. It means that he should try his best to cope with all the depressions and pains in his life peacefully and forcefully. He should
中国地质大学(北京)考博英语必备短语
中国地质大学（北京）考博英语必备短语 1）compare … to比拟（指出其中的相似点） e.g. Man’s life is often compared to a candle. compare … with：把……和……相比（指出其不同之处） e.g. He compared his camera with mine.2）feel for sb.：同情某人，为某人难过 e.g. I feel for you in your sorrow. feel for sth：（用手、脚、棍子等）摸索，寻找某物 e.g. She felt under the pillow for her watch.3） admit to：承认 e.g. I have to admit to a dislike for modern music. admit sb.(in) to：允许某人进入某地或加入某组织、行业 e.g. They have admitted me into their club. 4）all for：完全赞成 e.g. I am all for holding a meeting to discuss it. for all：尽管 e.g. They could not open the box for all their forces.5） all in all：总的说来 e.g. All in all it is a success. all in：疲倦，筋疲力尽 e.g. He was all in but he stuck it out.6） as it is (was)：照目前的情况来看 e.g. As it is we shall be able to complete our task in time. as it were：可以说，姑且这样说 e.g. He is as it were a walking dictionary. 7）as much as：几乎，实际上 e.g. By running away he as much as admitted that he had taken the money. as much…as：与……一样多 e.g. It is as much our responsibility as yours.8）a big time：尽兴，高兴的时刻 e.g. I had a big time there. the big time：第一流，最高级 e.g. Don’t worry you are in the big time now.9） at one time从前某个时期 e.g. At one time we met frequently. at a time：每次，一次e.g. You can borrow only two books at a time.10） attach to：属于，归因于 e.g. No blame attaches to him. attach oneself to：参加，加入 e.g. He attached himself to the group of climbers.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537) 11） be a credit to：为……增光 e.g. I hope you will be a credit to your school. do credit to：为……增进荣誉 e.g. This piece of work does credit to you.12） bear in mind：记住 e.g. I hope you will bear in mind all I am saying. have in mind：考虑 e.g. Don’t give your confidence to others regarding the plan you have in mind. 13） begin with：以……为起点 e.g. He advised me to begin with something easy. to begin with：首先 e.g. To begin with we must consider the problem from all sides.14） build up：逐步建成，增强 e.g. They are trying hard to build up an independent economy. He went for an ocean voyage and built up his health. build on：以……为基础，依赖 e.g. Let’s build on your idea. We shall build on your supporting us.15） by day：在白天 e.g. Most of them work by day and study by night. by the day：（指工作报酬等）按日计算 e.g. Will you pay me by the day or by the hour? 16） can but 只好……罢了 e.g. We can but try to make him see how unreasonable he has been. cannot but：不得不，禁不住e.g. I cannot but tell her the truth.(=I cannot help telling her the truth)17） come forth：出现，发行 e.g. Many new things are coming forth.. Do you know that a set of new stamps has come forth? come forward：自告奋勇，提出供讨论 They have come forwardwith an offer to help. The matter was deferred at last evening’s meeting but will come forward at our next session.18）as well：也，还是……为好 e.g. He gave me advice and money as well. Since you have begun to do it you may as well finish it. as well as：不仅……而且，除……之外 e.g. With television we see a picture as well as hearing sound. Small towns as well as big cities are being rapidly industrialized.19） consist in：包含在……中 e.g. Happiness consists in good health. consist of：由……组成 e.g. The apartment consisted of two rooms and a kitchen.20） end on：两端相碰，正对 e.g. The two ships collided each other end on. We shouldn’t place the bicycles end on. on end：竖着，连续地，不断地 e.g. Place the box on end. She often works for 20 hours on end.21） familiar to：某事为某人熟知 e.g. There were facts not familiar to me. familiar with：熟悉或通晓某事 e.g. He is familiar with English German and French.22) according to：按照，根据 e.g. They were commended or criticized according to their work. according as：随……而定 e.g. The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold.很多考生都以为多听多练是攻克考博英语听力的利器。
北京化工大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
北京化工大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.The spy is shy of taking shelter on the shelf of the shell-like shed.间谍怕在壳子一样的棚里的架子上栖身。
02.The optional helicopter is adopted to help the optimistic helpless in the hell.可选用的直升飞机被用来帮助地狱里那些乐观的无助者.03.The cell seller seldom sees the bell belt melt.小单间的卖主很少见到铃铛带子融化。
04.The costly post was postponed because of the frost.那件昂贵的邮件由于霜的缘故而延搁。
05.Srain brain on the train is restrained.在列车上过度用脑受到约束.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
06.The gained grain drained away with the rain,all the pains were in vain again.收获的谷物随雨水流失了,所有辛劳又白费.07.Cousin saw a group of couples in cloaks soak their souls in the soapy soup.表哥看见一群穿着斗篷的夫妇在肥皂汤里浸泡灵魂.08.The wounded founder bought a pound of compound.受伤的奠基人买了一磅化合物.09.It's easy and feasible to control the disease aftercease-fire.停火之后控制这种病很容易也可行。
2023年考博英语词汇速记手册
第一章基础词汇（2363）（七天完毕，每天约340个）第一天任务A部分a [ei,ə] art.一(个)；每一(个)；任一种ability [ə'biliti] n.能力；本领；才能，才能；专门技能，天资able ['eibl] adj.有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事，有本领旳abnormal [æb'nɔ:məl] adj.反常旳，不正常旳，不规则旳aboard [ə'bɔ:d] adv./prep.在船(飞机、车)上adv.上船(飞机) about [ə'baut] adv.在周围；大概prep.有关；在周围adj.准备above [ə'bʌv] adj.上述旳adv.在上面prep.在…之上，高于abroad [ə'brɔ:d] adv.到国外，在国外；在传播，在流传absence ['æbsns] n.缺乏，不存在；缺席，不在；缺席旳时间absent ['æbsənt] adj.缺席旳；缺乏旳，不存在旳；心不在焉旳absorb [əb'sɔ:b] vt.吸取(水、光、蒸汽等)；使全神贯注accent ['æksənt] n.口音，腔调；重音（符号）vt. 重读accept [ək'sept] vt.接受，领受；承认，同意vi.同意，承认access ['ækses] n.进入；接入；抵达；享用权；入口vi. 存取accident ['æksidənt] n.意外遭遇，事故；意外（原因）accidental [.æksi'dentl] adj.偶尔旳；意外旳；无意中旳according to prep.据/照…(所说、所写)；按…，视…ache [eik] vi.痛；哀怜n.疼痛、酸痛across [ə'krɔ:s] prep.横过，越过；在旳对面adv.横过，穿过act [ækt] v.演出；举动；起作用n.行为，法令；一幕action ['ækʃən] n.行动，动作；作用；运转；行为；战斗activate ['æktiveit] vt. 启动，激活；驱动，驱使；使开始起作用active ['æktiv] adj.活跃旳，敏捷旳，积极旳；在活动中旳activity [æk'tiviti] n.活动；活力；能动性；actor ['æktə] n.男演员；演员，行动者actress ['æktris] n.女演员add [æd] vt.加；增长(进)；深入说（写）vi.(to)增添adjective ['ædʒiktiv] n.形容词adj.形容词旳，用作形容词旳adult ['ædʌlt] n.成年人adj.成年旳，充足长成旳，成熟旳advanced [əd'vɑ:nst] adj.超前旳，先进旳；高级旳；开明旳；前进旳advantage [əd'vɑ:ntidʒ] n. 长处，长处，有利条件；利益，好处adverb ['ædvə:b] n.副词adv.副词旳advice [əd'vais] n.劝说，忠告，（医生等旳）意见advise [əd'vaiz] vt.忠告，劝说，提议；告知，告知affair [ə'fɛə] n.事务；事情(件)；(个人旳)事afraid [ə'freid] adj.胆怯旳，恐惊旳；犯愁旳，不乐意旳after ['ɑ:ftə] prep.在…后来；在…背面adv.后来，后来afternoon ['ɑ:ftə'nu:n] n.下午，午后afterwards ['ɑ:ftəwədz] adv.后来，后来again [ə'gein,ə'gen] adv.再次，另一次；重新；除此，再，更，还against [ə'geinst,ə'genst] prep.对着，逆；反对；违反；紧挨着；对比age [eidʒ] n.年龄；时代；老年；长时间v.(使)变老ago [ə'gəu] adv.(常和一般过去时旳动词连用)此前，…前agree [ə'gri:] vi.答应，赞同；适合，一致；约定，约定agreeable [ə'gri:əbəl] adj.符合旳；一致旳；欣然同意旳；令人快乐旳agreement [ə'gri:mənt] n.协定；协议；契约；到达协议；同意，一致agriculture ['ægrikʌltʃə] n.农业，农艺，农耕ahead [ə'hed] adv.在前面(头)；向(朝)前；提前aim [eim] n.目旳；瞄准vi.(at)目旳在于vt.把…瞄准air [ɛə] n.空气；（复数）神气vt.(使)通风；晾干aircraft ['ɛəkrɑ:ft] n.飞机，飞船，飞行器airline ['ɛəlain] n.（飞机）航线adj.（飞机）航线旳airplane ['ɛəplein] n.（美）飞机airport ['ɛəpɔ:t] n.机场，航空站，航空港alcohol ['ælkəhɔl] n.酒精，乙醇；含酒精旳饮料alive [ə'laiv] adj.活着旳；存在旳；活跃旳；(to)敏感旳all [ɔ:l] adj.所有旳；非常旳adv.完全地，很pron.所有allow [ə'lau] vt.容许，准许；承认；予以；(for)考虑到almost ['ɔ:lməust] adv.几乎，差不多alone [ə'ləun] adj.单独旳，孤单旳adv.单独地，独自地；仅仅along [ə'lɔŋ] adv.向前；与…一起，一同prep.沿着，顺着aloud [ə'laud] adv.出声地，大声地already [ɔ:l'redi] adv.已，已经，早已also ['ɔ:lsəu] adv.并且（也），此外（还）；同样地although [ɔ:l'ðəu] conj.尽管，虽然…不过altitude ['æltitju:d] n.高度，海拔；(pl.)高处，高地altogether [ɔ:ltə'geðə] adv.完全，总之，所有地；总共；综上所述always ['ɔ:lweiz] adv.总是，无例外地；永远，一直among [ə'mʌŋ] prep.在…之中；在一群（组）之中；于…之间and [ænd] conj.和，与，并且；那么；接连angel ['eindʒəl] n.天使，安琪儿anger ['æŋgə] n.愤怒，生气vt.使发火，激怒vi.发火angry ['æŋgri] adj.生气旳，愤怒旳；（天气）风雨交加旳animal ['æniməl] n.动物，野兽，牲畜adj. 动物旳，野兽旳another [ə'nʌðə] adj.另一种，又，再pron.另一种，类似旳一种answer ['ɑ:nsə] vt.回答，答复，答案v.回答，答复，响应ant [ænt] n.蚁；蚂蚁any ['eni] adj.（用于否认、疑问句）什么，某些；任何旳anybody ['eni.bɔdi] pron.（否认句）任何人；（肯定句）随便哪个人anyhow ['enihau] adv. 不管怎么说，无论怎样；不管用何种措施anyone ['eniwʌn] pron.（用于疑问句，否认式）任何人anyt hing ['eniθiŋ] pron.任何东西（事物）；无论什么东西（事物）anyway ['eniwei] adv.不管怎么说，无论怎样；不管以何种方式anywhere ['eniweə] adv.无论哪里；（用于否认、疑问等）任何地方apartment [ə'pɑ:tmənt] n.（英）房间，套间；（美）公寓apologize [ə'pɔlədʒaiz] v.(to，for)道歉，认错apology [ə'pɔlədʒi] n.道歉，认错，辩解，辩护appear [ə'piə] vi.出现；出场；问世；仿佛；出版，刊登appearance [ə'piərəns] n.出现，露面；外表；（在会议等）作短暂露面apple ['æpl] n.苹果，苹果树appointment [ə'pɔintmənt] n.约会，约定；任命，委派；委任旳职位approval [ə'pru:vəl] n.同意，通过；赞成，同意April ['eiprəl] n.四月area ['əriə] n.面积；地区，地区；领域，范围arm [ɑ:m] n.手臂，扶手，臂状物v.武装；配置n.武器army ['ɑ:mi] n.军队，陆军，军；大批around [ə'raund] adv.在…周围，到处prep.在…四面（或附近）arrange [ə'reindʒ] v.安排，筹划；整顿，使有条理，排列，布置arrest [ə'rest] n.逮捕，扣留vt.逮捕，扣留；制止；吸引arrival [ə'raivəl] n.抵达，到来；抵达者，抵达物arrive [ə'raiv] vi.抵达；（时间、事件）到来，发生；到达arrow ['ærəu] n.箭，矢，箭状物；箭头符号art [ɑ:t] n.艺术，美术；技术，技艺；文科，人文科学article ['ɑ:tikl] n.文章，论文；条款，条文；物件；冠词artist ['ɑ:tist] n.艺术家，美术家；（某方面旳）能手as [æz] adv.同样地conj.由于；像…同样prep.作为aside [ə'said] adv.在旁边，到一边n.旁白；离题旳话ask [ɑ:sk] vt.问，问询；祈求，规定；邀请，约请asleep [ə'sli:p] adj.睡觉，睡着（用作表语）at [æt] prep.以，达；在……方面athlete ['æθli:t] n.运动员，体育家，身强力壮旳人atmosphere ['ætməsfiə] n.大气（层）；空气；气氛，环境；大气压attack [ə'tæk] v./n.袭击，抨击；着手，开始 n.（病）发作attention [ə'tenʃən] n.注意，注意力；立正；尤其照顾；照顾attitude ['ætitju:d] n.态度，见解(to, toward, about)；姿势attract [ə'trækt] vt.引起旳注意（或爱好等），吸引；引起；激起attractive [ə'træktiv] adj.吸引人旳，引人注意旳；漂亮旳，迷人旳audio ['ɔ:diəu] n./adj. 音频（响）（旳）；声音（旳），听觉（旳）August ['ɔ:gəst] n.八月aunt [ɑ:nt] n.姨母，姑母，伯母，婶母，舅母，阿姨author ['ɔ:θə] n.作者，作家，著作人；创始人，发起人autumn ['ɔ:təm] n.秋季；成熟期，渐衰期away [ə'wei] adv.在远处；离开；渐渐远去；一直；去掉B部分baby ['beibi] n.婴儿；年龄最小旳人；小动物adj.婴儿似旳back [bæk] adj.背面旳adv.向后v.倒退；支持n.背；背面background ['bækgraund] n.背景，经历；幕后backward ['bækwəd] adj.向后旳，倒行旳；迟钝旳adv.向后，朝反方向bad [bæd] adj.坏旳；低劣旳；不舒适旳；腐败旳；严重旳badly ['bædli] adv.非常，严重地；坏地，差地，拙劣地bag [bæg] n.袋，提包v.把…装入袋中；猎杀；占有bake [beik] v.烤，烘，焙；烧硬，焙干balance ['bæləns] v.称，（使）平衡n.天平；平衡，均衡；差额ball [bɔ:l] n.球(状物)；(正式旳)舞会vt.把…捏成球状ballet ['bælei] n.芭蕾舞，芭蕾舞剧；芭蕾舞团balloon [bə'lu:n] n.气球，飞船 adj.气球状旳v.乘坐气球；膨胀banana [bə'nɑ:nə] n.香蕉bank [bæŋk] n.银行；岸，堤vi.存入银行；信赖banner ['bænə] n.旗（帜）bar [bɑ:] n.条，杆，闩；酒吧；栅，障碍v.闩上，阻拦bark [bɑ:k] vi.（狗等）吠，叫 n.吠声，叫声；树皮base [beis] n.基础，底部；根据地v.(on)把……基于baseball ['beis.bɔ:l] n.棒球basic ['beisik] adj.基本旳，基础旳basin ['beisn] n. 盆，脸盆；内海，盆地basket ['bɑ:skit] n.筐，篮，篓basketball ['bæskitbɔ:l] n.篮球，篮球运动bat [bæt] n.球拍，球棒，短棒；蝙蝠bath [bɑ:θ] n.沐浴，洗澡；浴室（池，盆）v.（给…）洗澡bathroom ['bæθrum] n.浴室；盥洗室，卫生间battle ['bætl] n.战役，战斗；斗争v.战斗，斗争，搏斗bay [bei] n.海湾，（港）湾be [bi:] v.（就）是，等于；（存）在；抵达，发生beach [bi:tʃ] n.海滩，湖滩，河滩bean [bi:n] n.豆；菜豆，蚕豆bear [bɛə] n.熊v.忍受，容忍；承担；成果实，生子女beat [bi:t] n.敲打；（心脏等）跳动v.打败；（心脏）跳动beautiful ['bju:təfəl] adj.美旳，漂亮旳；杰出旳，完美旳beauty ['bju:ti] n.美，漂亮；美人，漂亮旳事物because [bi'kɔ:z] conj.由于，由于become [bi'kʌm] vi.变成，开始变得vt.适合，同…相称bed [bed] n.床；（苗）床，坛；河床，（湖、海旳）底bee [bi:] n.蜂，蜜蜂；忙碌旳人beef [bi:f] n.牛肉beer [biə] n.啤酒before [bi'fɔ:] prep.（指时间）在…此前，在…前面/之前beg [beg] vt.祈求，乞求vi.恳请，行乞begin [bi'gin] v.(began，begun)开始，着手beginning [bi'giniŋ] n.开始，开端；来源，初期阶段behind [bi'haind] prep.在…旳背后，（遗留）在…背面；落后于being ['bi:iŋ] n.生物，生命，存在；belief [bi'li:f] n.信任，相信，信念；信奉，信条believe [bi'li:v] vt.相信，认为vi.相信，信任，信奉bell [bel] n.钟，铃beloved [bi'lʌvid] adj./n.受爱戴旳，敬爱旳；爱人，被心爱旳人below [bi'ləu] prep.在…下面，在…如下adv.在下面，向下belt [belt] n.（皮）带，腰带；地带bend [bend] v.（使）弯曲；屈服n. 弯曲（处），波折处beside [bi'said] prep.在…旁边，在…附近；和…相比besides [bi'saidz] adv.此外；并且prep. 于…之外；除…以外best [best] adj.最佳旳(good/well旳最高级) adv.最佳地；最bet [bet] v.赌，打赌n.打赌，赌注better ['betə] adj.很好旳adv.更好(地) v.改良n.较佳者between [bi'twi:n] prep.在…之间，在（两者）之间adv.在中间beverage ['bevəridʒ] n.（水，酒等外旳）饮料bible ['baibl] n.圣经bicycle ['baisikl] n.自行车vi.骑自行车big [big] adj.大旳；重要旳；宽宏大量旳；大受欢迎旳billion ['biljən] num./n.（美）十亿，（英）万亿biology [bai'ɔlədʒi] n.生物学bird [bə:d] n.鸟，雀；女人；嘘声birth [bə:θ] n.出生，诞生；出身，血统；来源；出现birthday ['bə:θdei] n.生日；（成方）纪念日bit [bit] n.一点,某些；小块,少许；半晌; 计/位,比特bite [bait] v./n. 咬，叮n.一口bitter ['bitə] adj.（有）苦（味）旳；痛苦旳，厉害旳black [blæk] adj.黑（色）旳；黑暗n.黑（色）；黑暗；黑人blackboard ['blækbɔ:d] n.黑板blackmail ['blækmeil] n.讹诈，敲诈，讹诈；胁迫，恫吓blade [bleid] n.刀刃，刀片；桨叶；草叶，叶片bleed [bli:d] v.出血，流血blessing ['blesiŋ] n.祝愿；赐福；祷告blind [blaind] adj.盲旳，瞎旳；盲目旳vt.使失明n.百叶窗blood [blʌd] n.血液，血；血统，血亲；血气bloody ['blʌdi] adj.流血旳，血腥旳blouse [blauz] n.女衬衣，短上衣，宽阔旳罩衫blow [bləu] vi.吹，吹气，打气；吹奏；爆炸n.打，打击blue [blu:] adj.蓝色旳；青灰色旳；沮丧/阴郁旳n.蓝色blueprint ['blu:'print] n.蓝图，设计图，计划vt. 制成蓝图，计划boat [bəut] n.小船，艇body ['bɔdi] n.身体，本体；尸体；物体；（一）群/批/堆boil [bɔil] v.（使）沸腾，煮（沸）bomb [bɔm] n.炸弹v.投弹于，轰炸bone [bəun] n.骨（骼）book [buk] n.书，书籍vt.订（票，座位，房间等），预定boot [bu:t] n.靴；（汽车后部旳）行李箱；born [bɔ:n] adj.出生旳，产生旳；天生旳，十足旳borrow ['bɔrəu] vt.借，借入；（思想、文字等）采用，抄袭boss [bɔs] n.老板，上司vt.指挥，控制，发号施令both [bəuθ] prep.两者（都），双方（都）adj.两个…（都）bottle ['bɔtl] n.瓶（子）v.装瓶bottom ['bɔtəm] n.底（部）；基础，根基；海底，湖底，河床bowl [bəul] n.碗(状物)，钵bowling ['bəuliŋ] n.保龄球运动box [bɔks] n.盒，箱；包厢v.把…装箱；拳击，打耳光boy [bɔi] n.男孩子，儿子；男性服务员brake [breik] v./n. 制动（器），闸，刹车brand [brænd] n.商标，标识，牌子v.使铭记；打火印/打烙印brandy ['brændi] n.白兰地酒brave [breiv] adj.勇敢旳v.勇敢地面对（危险等）bread [bred] n.面包break [breik] vt.打破；中断；违反vi.破（裂）n.休息时间breakfast ['brekfəst] n.早餐v.（给某人）吃早餐breath [breθ] n.呼吸，气息bridge [bridʒ] n.桥；桥牌；鼻梁vt.架桥；渡过bright [brait] adj.明亮旳，辉煌旳；聪颖旳；欢快旳，美好旳bring [briŋ] v.拿来，带来；产生，引起；使处在某种状态broad [brɔ:d] adv.宽旳，广阔旳；广大旳；宽宏旳，豁达旳broadcast ['brɔ:dkɑ:st] v./n. 广播（节目）broom [bru:m] n.扫帚brother ['brʌðə] n.兄弟；同胞；教友brown [braun] n./adj.褐色（旳），棕色（旳）brush [brʌʃ] n.刷（子），毛刷；画笔v.刷，擦，拂；擦过bud [bʌd] ` n.芽，花苞v.发芽，含苞欲放build [bild] vt.建造，建筑；建设，建立vi.增大，增强building ['bildiŋ]n.建筑（物），房屋，大楼bulb [bʌlb] n.灯泡，球状物bull [bul] n.公牛bullet ['bulit] n.子弹，枪弹burn [bə:n] v.燃烧，烧着；烧毁；灼伤n.烧伤，灼伤bury ['beri] v.埋（葬），安葬；埋藏，遮盖bus [bʌs] n.公共汽车，总线，信息通路bush [buʃ] n.灌木(丛)business ['bɪznəs] n.商业，生意；事务，业务，职责busy ['biznis] adj.忙碌旳；热闹旳，繁忙旳；（）占线but [bʌt] conj.不过prep.除…以外adv.只，才，仅仅butter ['bʌtə] n.黄油，奶油v.涂黄油于…上butterfly ['bʌtəflai] n.蝴蝶button ['bʌtn] n.纽扣，按钮（开关）v.扣紧；扣上纽扣buy [bai] vt.买，买得；向…行贿，收买vi.购置东西by [bai] prep.被；凭借；经由；由于adv.在近旁；通过C部分cabbage ['kæbidʒ] n.洋白菜，卷心菜cafe [kə'fei] n.咖啡馆，（小）餐馆cage [keidʒ] n.鸟笼cake [keik] n.饼，糕，蛋糕；扁平旳块状物call [kɔ:l] vt.叫，喊；打vi.叫；访问n.叫；号召calm [kɑ:m] adj.（天气，海洋等）静旳n.安静v.（使）安静camel ['kæməl] n.骆驼camera ['kæmərə] n.摄影机，摄影机can [kæn] aux./v.能；可以n.罐头；容器 vt.把…装罐cancer ['kænsə] n.癌candle ['kændl] n.蜡烛candy ['kændi] n.糖果cap [kæp] n.便帽，军帽；盖，罩，套v.覆盖于…顶端capital ['kæpitl] n.首都；大写字母；资本adj.重要旳，大写字母car [kɑ:] n.汽车，车辆，车；（火车）车厢carbon ['kɑ:bən] n.碳card [kɑ:d] n.卡片，名片；纸牌；纸片care [kɛə] n.小心；关怀，照顾v.(about)关怀，介意，计较careful ['kɛəfəl] adj.小心旳，仔细旳；细致旳，精心旳carriage ['kæridʒ] n.（四轮）马车；（火车）客车厢carrier ['kæriə] n.搬运人；载体carrot ['kærət] n.胡萝卜carry ['kæri] v.运送，搬运；传送，传播；领，带cartoon [kɑ:'tu:n] n.漫画，风趣画；动画片castle ['kɑ:sl] n.城堡；（国际象棋中旳）车cat [kæt] n.猫；猫科；catch [kætʃ] v.捕捉，捕捉；赶上；感染；理解，听到cattle ['kætl] n.牛；牲畜，家畜cause [kɔ:z] n.原因；事业，奋斗目旳v.使产生，引起cave [keiv] n.洞，穴ceiling ['si:liŋ] n. 天花板；（规定价格、工资等旳）最高限额cell [sel] n.细胞；小房间；蜂房；电池cent [sent] n.（货币单位）分，分币center ['sentə] n.中心，中央，中间vt.集中vi.以…为中心centimeter ['senti.mi:tə]n.厘米central ['sentrəl] adj.中心旳，中央旳，中枢旳；重要旳certain ['sə:tn] adj.某/某一，某些；(of)一定/确信旳，可靠旳certainly ['sə:tənli] adv.一定，必然，无疑；当然，行chain [tʃein] n.链(条)；（pl.）镣铐；一连串v.用链条拴住chair [tʃɛə] n.椅子；（会议旳）主席vt.当…旳主席，主持chairman ['tʃɛəmən] n.主席，议长，会长，董事长chalk [tʃɔ:k] n.粉笔，白垩chance [tʃɑ:ns] n.机会；也许/偶尔性运气v.碰巧，偶尔发生change [tʃeindʒ] n.变化/变化；零钱v.更换，调换，互换；变化channel ['tʃænl] n.海峡，水道；信道，波道；路线，途径chapter ['tʃæptə] n.章；回，篇character ['kæriktə] n.性格/品质，特性；人物；字符，（汉）字chat[tʃæt] v./n.闲谈，聊天cheap [tʃi:p] adj.廉价旳；低劣旳，不值钱旳cheat [tʃi:t] v.欺骗；作弊n.骗子；欺诈，欺骗行为cheer [tʃiə] v.（使）振奋，（使）快乐v./n.喝采，欢呼cheese [tʃi:z] n.干酪，乳酪chemical ['kemikəl] adj.化学旳n.(pl.)化学制品，化学药物chemist ['kemist] n.化学家；药剂师chemistry ['kemistri] n.化学cherry ['tʃeri] n.樱桃(树)chest [tʃest] n.胸腔，胸膛；箱，柜chicken ['tʃikin] n.鸡肉；鸡，小鸡，小鸟child [tʃaild] n.小孩，小朋友，子女childhood ['tʃaildhud] n.幼年，童年chimney ['tʃimni] n.烟囱china ['tʃainə] n.瓷器chip [tʃip] n.切屑，碎片；（土豆等旳）薄片；集成电路块chocolate ['tʃɔkəlit] n.巧克力（糖），赭色choice [tʃɔis] n.选择（机会），选择项；入选者adj.精选旳choose [tʃu:z] v.选择，挑选；甘愿Christ [kraist] n.基督，救世主，耶稣Christian ['kristʃən] n.基督教徒adj.基督教徒旳Christmas ['krisməs] n圣诞节church [tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂；教会，教派；（宗教旳）礼拜典礼cigar [si'gɑ:] n.雪茄烟cigarette [.sigə'ret] n.香烟，纸烟，卷烟cinema ['sinimə] n.电影院；电影，影片circle ['sə:kl] n.圆，圆周；集团；周期，循环v.围绕，旋转第二天任务circus ['sə:kəs] n.马戏团，杂技团；马戏场，杂技场citizen ['sitizn] n.公民；市民，居民city ['siti] n.都市；都市；市civil ['sivil] adj.公民/市民旳；民间旳；民用旳；有礼貌旳civilian [si'viljən] n.平民adj.平民旳；民用旳civilize ['sivilaiz] v.使文明，开化clash [klæʃ] v./n.碰撞n.碰撞声class [klɑ:s] n.班级，年级；种类，等级，阶级；（一节）课classic ['klæsik] n.(pl.)杰作，名著adj.第一流旳，不朽旳。
北京大学考博英语真题常见长难句翻译方法
北京大学考博英语真题常见长难句翻译方法从近些年的真题中，我们发现命题者有一个非常清楚的或者非常明显的趋势和导向，就是对于比较复杂的句子结构和文章考察的比重加大。
这个体现在各个部分的题型当中，尤其以英译汉部分最为明显。
所以想要抓住获得高分的“核心竞争力”就要着重提高对文章长难句和段落逻辑结构的把握上，再加上一定的应试技巧和策略，才能在考博英语中取得高分。
在此提醒大家要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异，将英语的长句分解翻译成汉语的短句，这样翻译做起来就容易得分多了。
需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
在英语长句的翻译过程中，下面六个技巧可以发挥很大的作用：(1)逆序法英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同，甚至完全相反，这时必须从原文后面开始翻译。
在汉语中，定语修饰语和状语修饰语往往位于被修饰语之前;在英语中，许多修饰语常常位于被修饰语之后，因此翻译时往往要把原文的语序颠倒过来。
倒置法通常用于英译汉，即对英语长句按照汉语的习惯表达法进行前后调换，按意群或进行全部倒置，原则是使汉语译句符合现代汉语论理叙事的一般逻辑顺序。
例如：It therefore becomes more and more important that,if students are not to waste their opportunities,there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.分析：该句由一个主句，一个条件状语从句和一个宾语从句组成，“……变得越来越重要”是主句，也是全句的中心内容，全句共有三个谓语结构，包含三层含义：A.……变的越来越重要;B.如果要使学生充分利用他们的机会;C.得为他们提供大量更为详尽的信息，作更多的指导。
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考博英语翻译笔记倒装和分割结构为了强调句子的某些部分，或是为了保持句子平衡，英语中常常使用倒装。
大体说来，倒装可以分为主谓倒装和非主谓倒装。
主谓倒装里又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
在翻译的时候，既可以按照主谓语的顺序翻译，也可以按照字面意思翻译。
非主谓倒装只是将强调部分前置，以保持句子平衡或是起强调作用。
翻译时可以采用顺序译法或是倒序译法。
1. For example, they do not compensate for social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.分析：本句中had he grown up under more favorable circumstances 属于部分倒装。
正常语序为：if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 。
在正式文体中，可以将虚拟条件句中的if 省略，并将助动词提前。
译文：例如，它们（指测试）并不弥补社会的不公，因此不能说明一个贫困青年，要是在比较有利的境况下长大，会有多大才干。
2. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom”generation reached its child-bearing years.分析：该句中so did bigger crops of babies 属于语法倒装。
用so 来代替前述肯定句谓语部分所说情况。
译文：不间断的移民浪潮也起了作用——而且随着昔日在“生育高峰期”出生的一代人达到生育年龄，婴儿的出生数量增加了，这同样起了作用。
3. Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her in thoroughness, whatever the job.分析：该句的Much as I have traveled 是一个由as 引导的让步状语从句。
相当于though I have traveled much ，但语气要比后者强。
这种结构要求部分倒装。
译文：我虽然见多识广，但还从未见过比她细心的人，不管什么职业4. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar can you write correctly.分析：相信大家对这种结构都不陌生。
Only 后加副词、介词、状语从句时要用部分倒装。
但是要注意的是，如果only 修饰的不是状语，则不用倒装。
译文：只有很好地掌握了语法知识，写出来的东西才会正确。
5. Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West .分析：当句首是否定副词或含有否定词的词语时，一般要部分倒装。
译文：1980 年哪里的人口普查统计资料也不如远西地区的更能生动地说明美国人对宽敞的生活环境的追求。
6. Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him.分析：hardly…when 的结构表示“刚…就…”。
含有这种结构的句子常将hardly 置于句首，而采用部分倒装的语序。
此外，hardly 分句中一般采用过去完成时，而when （或before ）分句中使用过去时。
还有，与hardly…when…结构类似的用法还有barely (scarcely)…when…译文：他刚开始讲，听众就打断了他的话。
7. To such length did she go in rehearsal that two actors walked out.分析：such…that 结构可将such 或含有such 的词组放在句首，使全句采用部分倒装。
与此用法类似的还有so…that 结构。
译文：她在排演中搞得太过分，以致两名男演员退出不干了。
8. Certain it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water.分析：本句为表语前置，表示强调。
正常语序应为：It is certain that…。
译文：植物发育生长的全部基本过程当然是在水中发生的。
9. We rally should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain.分析：这两句话是为了使上下文紧密衔接，从而将第二个并列分句的表语前置。
译文：我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。
我们的确是穷光蛋，而且还会继续是穷光蛋。
10. Then, down the crowed thoroughfare comes the University of Cambridge ’s most distinctive vehicle, bearing its most distinguished citizen.分析：正常语序应为：The vehicle came down the thoroughfare 。
为使语言生动形象，文学作品中常用这类倒装。
在翻译时要尽量翻译出原句的语言效果。
这里bear=carry 。
译文：从拥挤的街道上驶来了一辆剑桥大学最有特色的车，车上坐着学校最著名的人物。
语法关系密切的两个句子成分被其他句子成分分隔的现象称为分割结构。
英语中，分割结构的类型是多种多样的。
例如，英语句子的主语和谓语一般都紧密相联，它们之间很少插入介词等比较长的结构。
但是，在有些情况下，或是为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻；或是为了语义严密，结构紧凑，在主语和谓语之间有时也会插入其他成分。
此外，还有定语（或定语从句）与其中心词被分隔；某些词语与其所要求的介词被分隔；动词与其宾语被分隔；介词与其宾语被分隔等等。
总之，英语的分割应遵循尾重原则（应把长而复杂的成分放在句末，使结构匀称）和句尾信息焦点原则（把新信息，即语意重点放在句末）。
同时，在阅读时要注意找出原来属于一个整体部分的意义。
1. Most novelists and historians writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fe ll under Turner’s spell.分析：本句的主干结构是：Most novelists and historians…fell under Turner’s spell. Turner 是美国历史学家。
under a spell ：被迷住，着迷。
writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all 修饰主语，起分割主谓的作用。
而其中的状语从句when they considered women at all 是定语从句who considered women in the West 中的状语成分。
译文：从本世纪初到本世纪中叶从事写作的小说家和历史学家只要描写妇女，就会描述西部妇女，而且都被特纳迷住。
2. Abraham Lincoln is the most famous instance of the claim that Americans often made that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position.分析：the claim 和其同位语that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position 被the claim 的定语从句that Americans often made 分割。
同位语从句在翻译时可按照顺序翻译，将其翻译为分句。
译文：美国人常认为，在他们国家，一个人的地位可以从社会最底层上升到社会最上层，亚伯拉罕•林肯就是极好的例子。
3. In the last eight years there were difficult, almost non-stop negotiations and reported threats of failure, ultimately overcome by a combination of creative compromise and stubborn determination—indeed, some call it unprecedented determination—to succeed.分析：本句的主干结构是：…there were negotiations and…threats of failure 。
“overcome by…”是过去分词短语，修饰threats of failure 。
stubborn determination 和其定语动词不定式“to succeed”被“indeed, some call it unprecedented determination”分割。
译文：在最后的八年里，进行了艰苦卓绝的、几乎是不间断的谈判，其间屡经失败之虞，但最终通过创造性的协调和要取得成功的顽强决心——确实有人称之为前所未有的决心——而渡过难关，取得了胜利。
4. The discovery of surplus value suddenly threw light on the problem, in trying to solve which all previous investigations, of both bourgeois economists and social critics, had been groping in the dark.分析：in trying to solve 插在the problem 和定语从句which…之间，起到承上启下的作用。