英语词汇学复习

• 16. The forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function are _________.
• 17. At the end of 6th century, Latin-speaking missionaries under St. Augustine came to spread Christianity in Britain. It brought many new ideas and customs and also many _________ terms such as abbot, candle, altar, etc.
27. What is suffixation? Give an example to illustrate your point.
• Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to sterms. • Suffixes generally change the word class. For example, “economy” is a verb, but “employer” becomes a noun when the suffix –er is added to the stem “employ”
22. word
• A word may be defined as a fundamental unit of speech and a minimum free form; with a unity of sound and meaning, capable of performing a given syntactic function.
• 1)The rapid development of modern science and technology • 2)Social, economic and political changes; • 3)The influence of other cultures and language
• 7. The root of the word “antecedent” is ______. （ ） A. anteB. -cedC. -dent D. -ent
• 8. Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______. （ ） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle
• 1. The development of English vocabulary can be divided into the following particular historical period EXCEPT ______. ( ) A. Old English B. Middle English C. New English D. Modern English
• 20．The formation of words by adding wordforming affixes to stems is called ________.
21. lexicology
• is a branch of linguistics concerned with the vocabulary of the English language in respect to words and word equivalents.
• 3. In the early period of Modern English, Europe saw a new upsurge of learning ancient Greek and ______ classics. This is known in history as the Renaissance. ( ) A. India B. German C. Roman D. Chinese
23. morpheme
The morpheme is the smallest meanings linguistics u
24. conversion
Conversion is a word-formation process whereby a word o
25.language
• is a system of symbols based on physiology, psychology and physics. It is a specific social action and a carrier of information used for human communica-tion in a society.
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Group 2 reveal the feature of partial conversion –Nouns partially converted from adjectives do not possess all the qualities a noun does. They must be used together with definite articles. Words of this class generally refer to a group of the kind. For instance, “ rich” is an adjective and “the rich” refers to the rich people. “The wounded” refers to the wounded soldiers.
• 28. Comment on the following groups to illustrate the difference between partial and full conversion. • Group 1: "white — a white, final — finals" • Group 2: "rich — the rich, wounded — the wounded"
• 18. The chief function of ________ is not to change the word class of the stem, but to change its meaning.
• 19．We might say that free morphemes are free ________.
• 11. Which of the following is a prefix of time and order ? ( ) A. extraB. proC. reD. semi-
12. The following are all denominal suffixes EXCEPT _________.（B ） • A. –ful B. –wise • C. –less D. –ike
• is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
26．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?
13.The words- ex-student, foretell and postelection contain ( ) ? A. negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C.prefixes of time and order D.locative prefixes
• 5. The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is ______.( ) A. morpheme B. affixes C. root D. stem
• 6. Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ ） A. Old English was a highly inflected language. B. Reviving archaic or obsolete words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary C. The word cloak is of French origin. D. Modern English is a synthetic language.
• 9．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.( ) A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/
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• 10．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（ ） A．one B．two C．three D．four
• 2. The Indo-European language family is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East, and ______ . ( ) A. India B. the Far East C. the West Asia D. America
14. Which of the following suffixes can be used to form both nouns and adjectives? ( ) A.-ion B.-ism C.-ity D.-ist.
15. Broadly speaking, all the words in a language together constitute what is known as its ___ __.
• 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( ) • A. Old English was a highly inflected language. • B. In early Middle English period, English, Latin and Celtic existed side by side. • C. The introduction of printing into England marked the beginning of modern English period. • D. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is creation of new words by means of word-formation.
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Group 1 shows the feature of full conversion - a noun fully converted from an adjective has all the characteristics of nouns and can take an indefinite article or - (e)s to indicate singular or plural number. "for example, "white" is an adjective and "a white" is a noun phrase (article + noun), meaning a white man. “Final” is an adjective and “finals” a noun phrase (noun + s), meaning final exams or final competitions.