阅读理解四大题型 细节理解题

阅读理解四大题型：细节理解题，推理判断题，主旨大意题，词义猜测

事实细节题考查的六大信息

事实细节题干常用when, where, who, why, what 和how 等提问或要求用此类信息补全

句子，考查对应的六大信息内容，即_______、_____、_____、_____、_____和_______。

Not long ago. My wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change.

5. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?

A. To take special kinds of food

B. To respond to climate change.

C. To lose weight

D. To improve their health

常见设题方式：

1.According to the passage, when ( where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)___?

2.Which of the following statements

is correct/true?（三误一正）

3.Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?（三正一误）

4 The author ( or the passage) states that___.

5 …..

设题特点：

题干设计常常避开原文中所用的词汇，而用其同义词、近义词或反义词设题。

解题技巧与策略

第一步：略读题干(Skimming)

首先，快速浏览每道试题的题干(即问题)。

第二步：通读全文(Scanning)

浏览了题干与选项之后，要带着“问题”通读全文。

第三步：研读攻关(Close-reading)

注意对信息进行综合分析，分清主次、真伪，避免受信息的干扰，陷入高考题所设下的“陷阱”，学会“排除”干扰项。

Reading material 1

(New York) A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a two-year-old girl in Manhattan said he didn’t think twice before diving into the freezing East River.

Tuesday’s Daily News said 29-year-old Julien Duret from France is the man who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Sunday.

He lifted the little girl out of water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum. He handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dived in after him.

Q: Who dived after Duret into the river to save the little girl?

A. David Anderson

B. A passer-by

C. His girlfriend

D. A taxi driver

小试牛刀 1

(07年高考北京卷）Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar(美洲狮) saw Jeb and his son, Tom, before they saw it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.

63. Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar?

A. To get ready to fight.

B. To frighten it away.

C. To protect the boy.

D. To cool down.

Reading material 2 2010年广东卷C

语篇解读：本篇文章为说明文。说明了什么是食物中毒以及它常见的症状，导致食物中毒的原因，如何正确处理食物以减少中毒的可能，最后说明了食物中毒并不可怕，只要休息几天或多喝开水即可痊愈。

Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.

Q Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.

B. Food poisoning means death.

C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.

D. Food poisoning can be serious

小试牛刀 2

In our classroom ，we work in various ways ．The pupils often work in groups. This gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate ，to share ，and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to deal with problems as well as learning how to think ，to make decisions ，to analyze and evaluate ，and to communicate effectively ．The pupils learn from each other as well as their teachers ．

• Q 、Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in this paragraph?

A. Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.

B. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning(推理的) abilities.

C. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable （能干的）

organizers.

D. Pupils also learn how to take part in teaching activities .

Reading material 3

The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows ……

Q1)

____ calorie

s are require

d to

raise the

temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.

A. 55

B. 175

C. 325

D. 275

Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?

A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does. CALORIES NEEDED PER DAY Baby 750 Office worker 2,700 Child aged 8 2,100 Woman feeding baby 2,700

Man over 70 2,100 Boy aged 16 3,000 Woman 3,600 Farmer 2,600